CN108461165A - A kind of underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method - Google Patents
A kind of underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108461165A CN108461165A CN201810081811.7A CN201810081811A CN108461165A CN 108461165 A CN108461165 A CN 108461165A CN 201810081811 A CN201810081811 A CN 201810081811A CN 108461165 A CN108461165 A CN 108461165A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/002—Detection of leaks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method, the underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method is converted into the optical signal of respective strengths including the use of gamma ray caused by gamma-ray detector detection target nuclear reactor；Each optical signal of generation is converted into electric signal and the electric signal generated is amplified；Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out to enlarged electric signal；Obtain total event energy distribution map；Based on obtained energy profile, the operating status of reactor is determined.Detection method detection efficient, detection limit (sensitivity), energy resolution, the measurement range of the present invention is superior to external similar technique product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear detection technology fields, and in particular to a kind of underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method.
Background technology
Since last century the fifties, reconnoitred for adaptation Marine Geology mapping, marine radioactive pollution, marine minerals
Area research requirements of one's work, online underwater nuclear detection technology are developed so far over half a century, investigation in the world with this
The related general survey document in field, relation technological researching are widely used to engineering practice.Wherein, D.G.Jones in 2001
The document of development and application about ocean gamma-ray measurement is the more commentary paper of current data from investigation；2008, USA,
A.P.Simpson et al. carried out review paper for radioactive deposite technical characterstic in on-line water flushing marine environment.
It is sampling monitoring for the most common method of seawater radioactive pollution monitoring, needs to take evaporation, concentration or filtering
Equal measures carry out in laboratory, and this method cannot obtain rapidly required data in time.In addition, ought be more than under water certain
After depth, sampling will be very difficult on the spot, can only carry out on-line real time monitoring.Moreover, when sampling mode is monitored, due to core
The operation conditions of reactor changes over time comparatively fast, and when being detected analysis after sampling again, the result of survey has been difficult to really instead
The true operating condition of nuclear reactor is reflected, and for nuclear reactor leakage, for example, Fukushima, Japan nuclear power station is flooded by seawater
Not yet, to monitor its nuclear reactor situation in real time, sampling repeatedly is needed, not only dangerous but also exception is cumbersome.
The difference of underwater nuclear detection and land nuclear detection is：When the influence that pressure hull absorbs neutron, gamma scattering,
Second is that the influence that seawater absorbs neutron, gamma scattering, third, the environment such as submarine temperatures are influenced on measuring, fourth, high undersea hydrostatic pressures are stablized
Property, signal transmission etc. influences on measuring.
Currently, external field monitoring mainly takes large volume sodium iodide, high purity germanium detector system, to monitor radioactivity
The Characteristic γ ray that nucleic is released.Not yet find that the world has any type to be supervised in real time specifically for reactor state under water at present
The technology of survey, existing underwater nuclear detector technology can be only applied to monitoring 2MeV or less gamma-rays and detector core component is anti-
The pulse-height spectrum that should be generated, and that there are detection efficients is low, energy resolution is low, detectivity (detection limit) is low, seawater
And the influence that gamma ray scattering is absorbed of pressure hull material, detector high-voltage stability the shortcomings of being affected by temperature, it can not obtain
Take the characteristic parameter for meeting monitoring reactor safety state.
Seaside nuclear power station, marine floating type nuclear power station, marine nuclear power ship etc. provide the dress of power by nuclear reactor
Nuclear accident once occurs for standby facility, how by monitoring the running state analysis of reactor in real time nuclear accident property is judged, to state
It is particularly significant for policy-making agency of family.Currently, lacking suitable monitoring means in the prior art.
Invention content
For the missing of the prior art, the present invention establishes a kind of method of the underwater reactor operation state of monitoring in real time, obtains
The mapping relations for taking reactor safe condition and underwater external monitoring signal are judged by the characteristic signal qualitative analysis of its acquisition
Reactor state determines nature of occurence, and then external rescue strength is instructed to carry out specific aim rescue work.
Specifically, the present invention provides a kind of underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method, which is characterized in that the side
Method to special characteristic peak detect including the use of gamma-ray detector and feature based peak is reacted with the determination of the relationship of neutron
The operating status of heap.
Preferably, the detection method includes the following steps：
S1：Using gamma ray caused by gamma-ray detector detection target nuclear reactor, and gamma ray is turned
Change the optical signal of respective strengths into, each gamma ray corresponds to an event, and the gamma ray of different-energy corresponds to difference by force
The optical signal of degree；
S2：Using photomultiplier devices by each optical signal of generation be converted into electric signal and the electric signal to being generated into
Row amplification；
S3：Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out to enlarged electric signal, to be converted into digital signal, the digital signal is penetrated with gamma
The energy value of line corresponds to；
S4：Statistics is carried out to the event of different-energy section using the intensity based on each optical signal and obtains total event energy
There are multiple channels, each channel to correspond to an energy section for distribution map, multiple tracks data acquisition module；
S5：Based on obtained energy profile, judge to whether there is reactor high-energy neutron in energy profile16O(n,p
)16The E that N reactions generateγ=6.129MeV signals, and if it exists, then judge the EγCharacteristic peak where=6.129MeV signals is corresponding
Neutron flux, the operating status of reactor is determined based on neutron flux, if being not present, shows that target nuclear reactor is in shutdown shape
State.
Preferably, the underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method further includes using preamplifier to photomultiplier transit
The signal of equipment output carries out preposition amplification.
Preferably, the underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method further include gamma-ray detector is set to it is resistance to
It presses in shell.
Preferably, the gamma-ray detector is lanthanum bromide detector.
Preferably, the underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method further includes that will be detected using data transmission unit
To signal export to the data analysis module.
The method further includes by gamma-ray detector, photomultiplier devices, analog-digital commutator, data acquisition module
It is set in pressure casing, is placed within the scope of target acquisition region, detect gamma ray, and according to received gamma ray
Intensity sends out the optical signal of respective strengths, each gamma ray corresponds to an event, and the gamma ray of different-energy corresponds to not
It is exported with the optical signal of intensity, after being amplified to the optical signal and gives intensity of the multiple tracks data acquisition module based on each optical signal
Statistics is carried out to the event of different-energy section and obtains total event energy distribution map, is judged in energy profile with the presence or absence of reaction
Heap high-energy neutron16O(n,p)16The E that N reactions generateγ=6.129MeV signals, and if it exists, then judge the Eγ=6.129MeV believes
The corresponding neutron flux of characteristic peak where number, the operating status of reactor is determined based on neutron flux, if being not present, shows target
Nuclear reactor is in shutdown state.
Advantageous effect
The detection method of the present invention can monitor reactor state in real time under water, to reactor accident property and progress shape
Condition can provide authentic data and technical support into line trace for Nuclear Accident Emergency, accident information publication.The detection method of the present invention
Influenced by the decaying of underwater environment, the decaying of target nuclear reactor peripheral hardware and probe body small, detection accuracy is high, in addition,
Detection method detection and the prior art of the present invention uses entirely different new reaction channel, the reaction channel stable reaction to remain
Cokernel half-life short, real-time are good.
The present invention uses lanthanum bromide LaBr3(Ce) the underwater nuclear detector device of crystal design, out-of-pile is certain under water
Region, first passage detection are superimposed upon reactor operation fission prompt γ spectrum, neutron and a variety of materials scattering and absorb gamma ray spectrum
On16O (n, p)16The E that N reactions generateγ=6.129MeV obtains the pulse-height spectrum and its characteristic peak of detector output
Value counts, to realize the underwater real-time monitoring of safe condition in reactor.
Detection method detection efficient, detection limit (sensitivity), energy resolution, the measurement range of the present invention is superior to foreign countries
Similar technique product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the prompt gamma ray power spectrum in direct fission process, and the wherein calculated core of top curve representation theory is anti-
Answer the fission γ spectrums of heap, lower curve representation theory calculated252The fission γ spectrums of Cf, figure orbicular spot indicate what experiment measured
The fission γ spectrums of nuclear reactor；
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the system for executing the method for the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that large volume sodium iodide monitors reactor status data curve；
Fig. 5 is carried out detecting the shutdown state obtained and leakage Real-time Monitoring Data point by detection method using the present invention
Analysis figure；
Fig. 6 is carried out detecting heap to the critical Real-time Monitoring Data that opens obtained and be analyzed by detection method using the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 7 is the relational graph of peak integration counting and power.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but not therefore by the protection model of the present invention
It encloses and is limited among the range of embodiment description.
Inventive principle
Traditional measurement reactor capability method is to measure different phase reaction by fission chamber, ionisation chamber, counting tube
The neutron flux of heap calculates reactor capability, principle be by measure neutron and the atomic nucleus in substance occur (n, p), (n,
It α) reacts, generates recoil proton or α charged particles, by the design of nuclear electronics circuit, obtain the pulse of charged particle output
Height spectrum, by obtaining reactor capability signal to its integral counting.Under the underwater or marine environment outside reactor, α, β
Equal charged particles be even more can not be pierced by, and the hydrogenous materials such as water are very strong to the slowing down absorption of neutron, therefore the above method or
Device can not obtain enough event numbers to measure the power of reactor.
And the system of the present invention is sent out by substance in detection reaction heap high-energy neutron and reactor or structural material under water
The wink hair energetic gamma rays of raw nuclear reaction, generation monitor the operating status of reactor as characteristic signal.
The present inventor during the experiment, has found a kind of reaction channel of neutron and reactor material effect, this
The residual nucleus γ half-life shorts of reaction channel can either generate energetic gamma rays, and can reflect pile neutron flux in real time
Variation, meanwhile, gamma-rays caused by the reaction absorbs very little for the scattering of seawater and detector pressure casing.
Specifically, applicant have observed that reactor operation prompt fission process while will produce prompt neutron and wink hair
γ, each fission neutron number are 2-3, and average fission every time generates 8.1 photon γ, wherein the power spectrum of direct fission neutron
For standard fission spectrum.Applicants have found that gamma-rays when reactor operation includes following four composition, their spy substantially
Point is as follows：
First, the Prompt gamma rays in direct fission process, power spectrum is as shown in Figure 1：
N (E)=6.6 0.1MeV<E<0.6MeV
N (E)=20.2exp (- 1.78E) 0.6MeV<E<1.5MeV
N (E)=7.2exp (- 1.09E) 1.5MeV<E<10.5MeV
Second is that delayed gamma.This is the delayed gamma released by fission product, and feature is as follows：Delayed gamma is composed
Spectrum shape：It is concentrated mainly on the low energy region (accounting for about 90%) less than 2MeV.Although prompt gamma ray energy discharges after about fissioning
Whole energy of γ ray 50%, but delayed gamma intensity is related with the historical situation of reactor operation,235U fissions about
Delayed gamma intensity about declines an order of magnitude after 10~13 seconds.Mainly fission product137Cs、134Cs、131I and activation
Product60Co etc..
Third, fission neutron causes to emit monoenergetic gamma rays (secondary) process.Include mainly three kinds of mechanisms：In fission
Sub- thermalization process thermal neutron is captured the E that H (n, γ) D is generated by Hγ=2.23MeV prompt gamma rays；In fission neutron and cooling water
Oxygen effect16O(n,p)16N, the T of generation1/2=7.13s, residual nucleus16N(Eγ=6.129MeV, 7.155MeV) it is single can γ penetrate
Line；Fission neutron is acted on reactor structural material iron,56Fe(n,γ)57Fe (stabilization) generates Eγ=7.631MeV,
7.641MeV monoenergetic gamma rays, although latter two process can generate EγSingle energy energetic gamma rays more than 6MeV, but because being secondary
Mechanism, its intensity declines larger compared with Prompt gamma rays of fissioning.
Fourth, the gamma-rays that the various mechanisms of fission neutron and other structural materials in heap generate.Including fast neutron with
The inelastic scattering of structural material and thermal capture etc. in heap, this is an extremely complex process.It is decided by each work
Abundance of elements etc. contained by generation section and material, power spectrum are complicated, it is also secondary action process, and direct
It is still secondary that the prompt gamma ray intensity that fission process generates, which is compared, but it can change the spectrum shape of original fission gamma spectrum,
This change is mainly the increase in the composition of low energy γ spectrums, and detection difficulty is made to increase.
It can be seen that the basic characteristics of gamma spectrum when reactor operation are as follows based on four kinds of above-mentioned processes：
(1) various monoenergetic gamma rays original when reactor operation constitute continuous gamma spectrum with environmental activity, and main
The Low Energy Region less than 2MeV is concentrated on, the gamma-rays of this continuum enters back into γ spies by after ambient enviroment scattering absorption
Change power spectrum again under three kinds of effects (photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, pair effect) effect again when surveying device, becomes continuous
Pulse-height spectrum.
(2) monoenergetic gamma rays that energy is higher than 4-8MeV is still had when reactor operation, for example, Eγ=7.631MeV,
7.641MeV, although important feature when reactor operation, signal strength is weak, it is difficult to be used as undersea detection.
Therefore, original wink is sent out when reactor operation, delayed gamma constitutes continuous gamma ray spectrum, and original total wink
It is that hair, deferred γ spectrums and the various structural materials of reactor and briny environment act on as a result, not only increase low energy γ spectrum shapes, and
And in the E of the continuous spectrumγIt is E that high-energy tail more than 6MeV, which has been superimposed energy,γ=6.129MeV and EγThe features such as=7.631MeV
Gamma-rays, still, it has been found that EγThe signal strength of=7.631MeV is extremely unstable, and larger mistake is had as status monitoring
Difference.
Therefore, the present invention is calculated through analysis and is fully proved, and is chosen fission neutron and is acted on the oxygen in cooling water16O(n,p
)16N, the half-life period T of generation1/2=7.13s, residual nucleus16N(Eγ=6.129MeV) monoenergetic gamma rays, as underwater nuclear detector
The characteristic parameter of system monitoring reactor.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow chart of the method for the present invention.
As shown, the structural schematic diagram of underwater nuclear detector system.As shown, the underwater nuclear reaction in the present embodiment
Heap state real-time detecting method includes：
S1：Using gamma ray caused by gamma-ray detector detection target nuclear reactor, and gamma ray is turned
Change the optical signal of respective strengths into, each gamma ray corresponds to an event, and the gamma ray of different-energy corresponds to difference by force
The optical signal of degree；In the present embodiment, gamma-ray detector uses lanthanum bromide crystal counter.
S2：Each optical signal of generation is converted into electric signal using photomultiplier and the electric signal to being generated carries out
Amplification；
S3：Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out to enlarged electric signal, to be converted into digital signal, the digital signal is penetrated with gamma
The energy value of line corresponds to；
S4：Statistics is carried out to the event of different-energy section using the intensity based on each optical signal and obtains total event energy
There are multiple channels, each channel to correspond to an energy section for distribution map, multiple tracks data acquisition module；
S5：Based on obtained energy profile, judge to whether there is reactor high-energy neutron in energy profile16O(n,p
)16The E that N reactions generateγ=6.129MeV signals, and if it exists, then judge the EγCharacteristic peak where=6.129MeV signals is corresponding
Neutron flux, the operating status of reactor is determined based on neutron flux, if being not present, shows that target nuclear reactor is in shutdown shape
State.
Equipment employed in this method experiment includes LaBr3(Ce) crystal, photomultiplier, nuclear electronics unit, number
According to acquisition module and data analysis module.Nuclear electronics unit is mainly analog-digital commutator, can also include preceding storing
Big device, main amplifier etc..
In the present embodiment, using 2 inches of lanthanum bromide detector, photomultiplier is the R-6231 of Bin Song companies production,
Nuclear electronics unit includes preamplifier, main amplifier, the high-voltage module power supply composition for powering to photomultiplier.It is whole
A detector system component is all packaged in Ф 86mm × 453mm, thickness is in 3mm stainless steel tube pneumatic shells, and total weight is about
7.5Kg, data analysis module can be set to it is waterborne can also be set to underwater, realized in computer system.The present invention's
System can be adapted for the radioactivity on-line measurement of abyssal environment in 1000 meters.
LaBr3(Ce) crystal is used as gamma-ray detector for receiving gamma ray, and according to received gamma
Transmitted intensity sends out corresponding optical signal, each gamma ray corresponds to an event, and the gamma ray of different-energy corresponds to not
With the optical signal of intensity；Photomultiplier is used for LaBr3(Ce) each optical signal that crystal generates is converted into electric signal and institute
The electric signal of generation is amplified.The signal of photomultiplier amplification can amplify through preamplifier and main amplifier again.
Analog-digital commutator is used to carry out analog-to-digital conversion to enlarged electric signal, to be converted into digital signal；Multiple tracks number
According to acquisition module there are multiple channels, each channel to correspond to an energy section, for the intensity based on each optical signal to difference
The event of energy section carries out statistics and obtains total energy profile.The energy width in each channel can be according to detected target energy
Amount range is adjusted.
Data analysis module is used to be based on obtained energy profile, judges high with the presence or absence of reactor in energy profile
Moderate energy neutron16O(n,p)16The E that N reactions generateγThe characteristic peak of=6.129MeV signals, and if it exists, then judge the Eγ=
The corresponding neutron flux of characteristic peak where 6.129MeV signals, the operating status of reactor is determined based on neutron flux.
Contrast on effect
Fig. 4 show the data carried out using existing large volume sodium iodide detecting devices measured by reactor status monitoring
Curve.It can be seen from the figure that the count curve detected smoothly obscures, the operation shape of nuclear reactor can not be told at all
Condition.
Fig. 5 show detection method using the present invention and is detected obtained shutdown state and leakage monitoring number in real time
According to analysis chart, wherein curve 5-1 indicates the gamma-ray energy distribution curve that detector is detected under leakage situation, 5-2 tables
Show the gamma-ray energy distribution curve that detector is detected in the case of shutdown.It can be seen that apparent Co-60 from curve 5-1
Energy peak.
Fig. 6 is carried out detecting heap to the critical Real-time Monitoring Data that opens obtained and be analyzed by detection method using the present invention
Figure.The energy distribution curve for the energetic gamma rays that the present invention is detected is shown in figure, wherein 6-4 indicates that nuclear reaction is piled up
Gamma-ray Energy distribution during heap, 6-3 indicate gamma-ray Energy distribution when reactor reaches critical reaction, 6-2
Indicate that gamma-ray Energy distribution when reactor reaches first grade of target power, 6-1 indicate that reactor reaches second gear target
Gamma-ray Energy distribution when power.From fig. 6 it can be seen that nearby there are apparent characteristic peaks by 6.2MeV, it is based on the spy
The integral counting at sign peak can accurately extrapolate the neutron flux of nuclear reactor.Nuclear reaction can be determined based on the neutron flux
The operation power of heap, there are one-to-one relationships for the two.
Fig. 7 is the relational graph of peak integration counting and power.Based on the relational graph, by measured neutron flux, just
The operation power of reactor can be calculated.
With the development of nuclear reactor technology, the energy and power that are generated using reactor are widely used to national defence and work
The every field of industry increases due to the use of frequency, in addition irresistible external force influences, such as earthquake, tsunami, unexpected attacks
Deng, the probability of accident is higher and higher, country it is also increasing for the input of nuclear safety and nuclear emergency.Fukushima, Japan nuclear power station
Still helpless to the monitoring safety status of accident reactor after accident, the weak link of nuclear emergency Disposal Measures highlights, and makes
The pollution situation of marine environment is leaked at radioactive substance.And the present invention just solves this problem, is potential core
A kind of real time solution is provided to the monitoring of nuclear reactor after accident or nuclear accident.
Although the principle of the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, this field skill
Art personnel are it should be understood that above-described embodiment is only the explanation to the exemplary implementation of the present invention, not to present invention packet
Restriction containing range.Details in embodiment is simultaneously not meant to limit the scope of the invention, without departing substantially from the present invention spirit and
In the case of range, any equivalent transformation, simple replacement based on technical solution of the present invention etc. obviously changes, and all falls within
Within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method, which is characterized in that the method includes being visited using gamma ray
Survey device carries out detection to special characteristic peak and the relationship of feature based peak and neutron determines the operating status of reactor.
2. underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detection method
Include the following steps：
S1：Using gamma ray caused by gamma-ray detector detection target nuclear reactor, and gamma ray is converted into
The optical signal of respective strengths, each gamma ray correspond to an event, and the gamma ray of different-energy corresponds to varying strength
Optical signal；
S2：Each optical signal of generation is converted into electric signal using photomultiplier devices and the electric signal generated is put
Greatly；
S3：Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out to enlarged electric signal, to be converted into digital signal, the digital signal and gamma ray
Energy value corresponds to；
S4：Statistics is carried out to the event of different-energy section using the intensity based on each optical signal and obtains total event energy distribution
There are multiple channels, each channel to correspond to an energy section for figure, multiple tracks data acquisition module；
S5：Based on obtained energy profile, the operating status of reactor is determined.
3. underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the underwater core is anti-
It further includes carrying out preposition amplification to the signal that photomultiplier devices export using preamplifier to answer heap state real-time detecting method.
4. underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the underwater core is anti-
It further includes that gamma-ray detector is set in pressure casing to answer heap state real-time detecting method.
5. underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the gamma ray
Detector is lanthanum bromide detector.
6. underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the underwater core is anti-
It further includes being exported the signal detected to the data analysis using data transmission unit to answer heap state real-time detecting method
Module.
7. underwater nuclear reactor state real-time detecting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the method includes
Gamma-ray detector, photomultiplier devices, analog-digital commutator, data acquisition module are set in pressure casing, are placed in
Within the scope of target acquisition region, gamma ray is detected, and sends out the light of respective strengths according to received gamma ray intensity
Signal, each gamma ray correspond to an event, and the gamma ray of different-energy corresponds to the optical signal of varying strength, to the light
After signal is amplified output to intensity of the multiple tracks data acquisition module based on each optical signal to the event of different-energy section into
Row statistics obtains total event energy distribution map.
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| CN115274160A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-11-01 | 西北核技术研究所 | Reactor thermal neutron flux detection method and device based on silicon carbide semiconductor |
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| 顾国兴: "变流量工况下16N监测反应堆功率的研究", 《核动力工程》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2736958A1 (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-01-09 | Centro De Investig Energeticas Medioambientales Y Tecnologicas Ciemat | SYSTEM FOR THE DETECTION OF A BOAT WITH NUCLEAR PROPULSION AND AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE THAT UNDERSTANDS (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN115274160A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-11-01 | 西北核技术研究所 | Reactor thermal neutron flux detection method and device based on silicon carbide semiconductor |
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