Dangerous chemical treatment method and system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a hazardous chemical substance treatment method and system.
Background
With the rapid development of society, the environmental pollution problem is also becoming serious, the disposal of various wastes which are increasingly growing is an environmental protection problem which must be faced by all countries in the world, and the disposal of hazardous wastes which are toxic and harmful is a big problem of headache of governments in all countries, and is a problem related to the development of people and the ecological environment. At present, most of dangerous wastes are treated by a direct landfill and stacking method in China, which occupies a large amount of land, seriously pollutes soil, underground water and atmosphere, threatens the health of people and destroys the surrounding environment.
Since the last 60 th century, incinerators have been commonly used in developed countries to treat garbage, and some incineration equipment has been introduced in China, but the generated dioxin has been a focus of attention, so the incinerators cannot completely solve the problem of waste, and through continuous research, people find that the molecular bonds of the waste are decomposed sufficiently by using a high-energy plasma field, and are converted into valuable commodities, and zero emission of pollutants can be achieved, so a plasma waste treatment system has been developed, and almost no pollutant is generated by using the system.
However, although no pollutant is produced, a large amount of heat energy generated by the self-utilization of electric energy and a series of flue gas generated by the decomposition of wastes cannot be well utilized, and although the environment is not polluted, the energy problem is also an important problem of global attention, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the resource conservation is advocated by the current society.
Disclosure of Invention
The present utility model has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
The utility model provides a hazardous chemical substance treatment method
The utility model also provides a system for processing the hazardous chemical substances
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the present utility model provides a hazardous chemical treatment system comprising: feed inlet, preheating tower, conveying pipe, pyrolysis tower, ion heating rifle, coke chamber, gas circulation pipeline, shower, discharge gate, relief valve, draught fan, circulating water device, shower head, combustion chamber. The utility model discloses a pyrolysis tower, including the pyrolysis tower, the feed inlet is in upper portion one side of preheating tower, the preheating tower bottom is equipped with the combustion chamber, the lower part of preheating tower is respectively through conveying pipe and gas circulation pipeline intercommunication the lower part and the top of pyrolysis tower, at least one ion heating rifle is still installed to the pyrolysis tower lower part, the middle part of pyrolysis tower is equipped with the coke chamber, the pyrolysis tower middle part is equipped with an opening with the corresponding position of coke chamber, the pyrolysis tower top is equipped with the opening that is connected with gas circulation pipeline, be equipped with the shower in the middle of the gas circulation pipeline, the pyrolysis tower lower part is equipped with the discharge gate with the relative one side of conveying pipe connector.
The utility model also provides a dangerous chemical treatment method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, throwing a material to be treated into a preheating tower through a feed inlet, wherein a combustion chamber is arranged at the bottom of the preheating tower, and the material to be treated is preliminarily preheated by the combustion chamber.
Step 2, the primarily preheated materials are sent to a pyrolysis tower through a feeding pipe, the preheated materials are further pyrolyzed by an ion heating gun in the pyrolysis tower, organic matters are pyrolyzed into combustible gas and water, inorganic matters are recombined through high-temperature pyrolysis to form corresponding slag, and the slag is kept at the bottom end of the pyrolysis tower.
And 3, enabling the combustible gas and water vapor obtained through pyrolysis to pass through a coke chamber in the rising process, reducing toxic and harmful gas in the combustible gas by the coke chamber at a high temperature in a tower, absorbing most of toxic and harmful gas, and enabling the residual gas to enter a leaching chamber through a gas circulation pipeline, and further removing part of toxic and harmful substances in the combustible gas through leaching.
And 4, delivering the leached combustible gas to a combustion chamber at the bottom of the preheating tower through a gas circulation pipeline again to burn as fuel.
Particularly, the preheating tower is a sealing system, and a pressure release valve is also arranged on the preheating tower.
In particular, an induced draft fan is arranged in the gas circulation pipeline.
In particular, the coke chamber is a disc-shaped metal net cage, and coke or anthracite is filled in the net cage.
In particular, the eluent used in the leaching chamber is preferably one of water, sodium hydroxide solution and lime emulsion.
In particular, the combustion chamber is independent of the interior of the preheating tower, and is connected with a gas circulation pipeline.
In particular, check valves are arranged at two ends of the gas circulation pipeline.
In particular, the leaching chamber comprises a spray header and a circulating water device, wherein the spray header is made of ceramic materials.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects: according to the utility model, the preheating tower is matched with the pyrolysis tower, so that the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis tower is effectively utilized, meanwhile, the heating time of the pyrolysis tower can be reduced in the preheating process of the preheating tower, the efficiency is improved, the generated waste gas is subjected to reduction desulfurization by adding the coke chamber and the leaching chamber, finally, the waste gas enters the combustion chamber, and the waste gas is combusted to provide heat energy and is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, so that zero pollution is basically realized, and the energy consumption is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
in the figure: the device comprises a feed inlet 1, a preheating tower 2, a feed pipe 3, a pyrolysis tower 4, an ion heating gun 5, a coke chamber 6, a gas circulation pipeline 7, a shower 8, a discharge outlet 9, a pressure relief valve 10, an induced draft fan 11, a circulating water device 12, a spray header 13 and a combustion chamber 14.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a dangerous chemical processing method and system.
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and some of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only,
and are not intended to limit the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, a hazardous chemical treatment system includes: feed inlet 1, preheating tower 2, conveying pipe 3, pyrolysis tower 4, ion heating rifle 5, coke chamber 6, gas circulation pipeline 7, shower 8, discharge gate 9, relief valve 10, draught fan 11, circulating water device 12, shower 13, combustion chamber 14, feed inlet 1 is in one side of the upper portion of preheating tower 2, the preheating tower 2 bottom is equipped with combustion chamber 14, the lower part of preheating tower 2 is respectively through conveying pipe 3 and gas circulation pipeline 7 intercommunication pyrolysis tower 4's lower part and top, two ion heating guns 5 are still installed to pyrolysis tower 4 lower part, pyrolysis tower 4's middle part is equipped with coke chamber 6, pyrolysis tower 4 middle part and coke chamber 6 correspond the position and have an opening, pyrolysis tower 4 top is equipped with the opening that is connected with gas circulation pipeline 7, be equipped with shower 8 in the middle of the gas circulation pipeline 7, the lower part of tower 4 is equipped with discharge gate 9 with the one side that the conveying pipe 3 connector is opposite.
In particular, the preheating tower 2 is a sealing system, and a pressure release valve 10 is also installed on the preheating tower 2. When the internal pressure of the preheating tower 2 reaches the threshold value of the pressure relief valve 10, the pressure relief valve 10 is opened, so that the safety of the internal pressure of the preheating tower 2 is ensured.
In particular, an induced draft fan 11 is installed in the gas circulation pipeline 7, and the induced draft fan 11 assists the gas flow in the pipeline.
In particular, the coke chamber 6 is a disc-shaped metal net cage, coke or anthracite is filled in the net cage, the passage of gas is facilitated by adopting a net cage structure, the metal net cage can bear the internal high temperature, and the coke and the anthracite can reduce toxic and harmful gases and absorb certain toxic and harmful substances in a high-temperature environment.
Particularly, the leaching solution used in the leaching chamber 8 is preferably one of water, sodium hydroxide solution and lime emulsion, and the toxic gas is mostly acidic, so that partial toxic and harmful gas can be neutralized by alkaline solution, and the safety and non-toxicity of the discharged gas are further ensured, and no pollution is caused.
In particular, the combustion chamber 14 is independent of the interior of the preheating tower 2, and the combustion chamber 14 is connected to the gas circulation line 7.
In particular, check valves are arranged at both ends of the gas circulation pipeline 7.
In particular, the leaching chamber 8 comprises a spray header 13 and a circulating water device 12, wherein the spray header 13 is made of ceramic materials, and because acid gas is dissolved in water to generate corrosive solution, ceramic equipment has better corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the ceramic materials have better strength and can adapt to long-time spraying.
The processing method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, throw the material to be treated into the preheating tower 2 through the feed inlet 1, the bottom of the preheating tower 2 is provided with a combustion chamber 14, and the combustion chamber 14 carries out preliminary preheating on the material to be treated.
Step 2, the primarily preheated materials are sent to a pyrolysis tower 4 through a feed pipe 3, the preheated materials are further pyrolyzed by an ion heating gun 5 in the pyrolysis tower 4, organic matters are pyrolyzed into combustible gas and water, inorganic matters are recombined to form corresponding slag through high-temperature pyrolysis, and the slag is kept at the bottom end of the pyrolysis tower 4.
And 3, during the rising process, the combustible gas and water vapor obtained by pyrolysis pass through a coke chamber 6, the coke chamber 6 reduces toxic and harmful gas in the combustible gas at a high temperature in the tower, absorbs most of toxic and harmful gas, and the residual gas enters a leaching chamber 8 through a gas circulation pipeline 7, so that part of toxic and harmful substances in the combustible gas are further removed through leaching.
And 4, delivering the leached combustible gas to a combustion chamber 14 at the bottom of the preheating tower 2 through a gas circulation pipeline 7 again to be combusted as fuel.
In the implementation process, the solid waste is sent into the preheating tower 2 through the feeding hole 1, the inlet of the feeding hole 1 and the joint of the feeding hole 1 and the preheating tower 2 are provided with sealing doors, when the solid waste is sent into the feeding hole 1, the sealing doors at the joint of the feeding hole 1 and the preheating tower 2 are closed, when feeding is finished, the sealing doors at the inlet of the feeding hole 1 are closed, the solid waste is sent into the preheating tower 2, and the feeding mode can be conveyor belt feeding or pushing through a pushing plate, and the feeding mode commonly used in the field can be used.
After the material enters the feeding port 1, the air in the feeding port 1 can be removed in a nitrogen replacement mode, so that the anaerobic environment in the preheating tower 2 is ensured.
The solid waste is preheated in the preheating tower 2 to a certain temperature and then is conveyed into the pyrolysis tower 4 through the conveying pipe 3, the ion heating gun 5 is arranged in the pyrolysis tower 4, the solid waste is conveyed into the heating range of the ion heating gun 5, the solid waste is decomposed through heating of ion flame, the gas part rises, the coke in the coke chamber 6 reacts with the gas under the action of high temperature through the coke chamber 6, the toxic and harmful substances in the gas part are reduced, and part of the gas is absorbed at the same time, the gas after primary purification enters the leaching chamber 8 through the gas circulation pipeline 7, the spray head 13 sprays sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize and absorb acidic substances in the gas, the spray head 13 is made of ceramics, the gas after spray absorption enters the gas circulation pipeline 7 again, the induced draft fan 11 in the gas circulation pipeline 7 provides gas power, the gas enters the combustion chamber 14 at the lower end of the preheating tower 2, and continues to burn in the combustion chamber 14 to supply heat energy to the preheating tower.
Through the design, the gas generated by conventional pyrolysis solid waste is subjected to two purification treatments and used in the preheating tower, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the pollution is reduced, and the method is suitable for continuous operation. Processing time is saved, and production efficiency is improved.
The above description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model has been given by way of example only, and the present utility model is not limited to the above described specific embodiments. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions for the present utility model will occur to those skilled in the art, and are also within the scope of the present utility model. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present utility model without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.