CN108453265A - A kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108453265A CN108453265A CN201810374189.9A CN201810374189A CN108453265A CN 108453265 A CN108453265 A CN 108453265A CN 201810374189 A CN201810374189 A CN 201810374189A CN 108453265 A CN108453265 A CN 108453265A
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/20—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
- B22F9/22—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds using gaseous reductors
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Abstract
The invention belongs to advanced nanocomposite and technical field, specially a kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles and preparation method thereof.The present invention uses hydro-thermal method, under alkaline condition silicon source presoma, presoma of the synthesizing multi-wall nickel silicate nano tube as nano nickel particles first.Then, it using microemulsion method, is hydrolyzed using silica precursor, one layer of uniform Silica Nanotube shell is coated in nisiloy silicate nanometer pipe surface.Finally, under high temperature, reducing atmosphere, nickel silicate nano tube precursor in situ is decomposed into nano nickel particles, confinement becomes a kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles in Silica Nanotube shell.The preparation method can ensure, in high load amount, to realize the complete confinement of nano nickel particles in Silica Nanotube, have many advantages, such as high-specific surface area, high nickel dispersion degree and high anti-caking power.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced nanocomposite and technical fields, and in particular to a kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nickel
Nano particle and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, nano particle confinement effect in fields such as catalysis, medicine, environmental protection and energy storage by extensive concern.This master
It will be due to by the way that nano particle confinement, such as three-dimensional meso-hole silicon includes SBA-15 and MCM-41 and a wiener in porous carrier
For mitron such as carbon nanotube and Silica Nanotube, these nano particles can have anti-sintering and anti-agglomeration well
It can, moreover it is possible to enhance the interaction between nano particle and carrier interface so that these nano particles have good nanometer ruler
Very little effect is for example：High catalytic activity and special luminous effect etc..
Typically, since presence and the capillarity of surface tension, if selection it is a kind of to nano particle before
Body and all stronger solvent of porous carrier affinity are driven, then nano particle precursor solution can be easy to be sucked into porous carrier
It is interior, it is further processed the nano particle that can be obtained confinement.Therefore, many scholars study the selection of solvent, such as
Polyethyleneimine, ethylene glycol, toluene, oleic acid, oleyl amine and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether etc. (D.Kang, H.S.Lim and J.W.Lee,
Int.J.Hydrogen Energ.,2017,42,11270-11282；J.-H.Park,S.-K.Kim,H.S.Kim,Y.J.Cho,
J.Park,K.E.Lee,C.W.Yoon,S.W.Nam and S.O.Kang,Chem.Comm.,2013,49,10832-10834；
U.Oemar,Y.Kathiraser,L.Mo,X.K.Ho and S.Kawi,Catal.Sci.Technol.,2016,6,1173-
1186；T.Xie,L.Shi,J.Zhang and D.Zhang,Chem.Commun.,2014,50,7250-7253；
E.Baktash,P.Littlewood,J.Pfrommer,R.M.Driess and A.Thomas,
ChemCatChem, 2015,7,1280-1284.) however, capillarity do not ensure that it is complete to nano particle presoma
Sucking.In addition, due to that there can be interaction between these porous carrier surface functional groups and nano particle, hinder to nanometer
The realization of the complete confinement of particle.Especially when nano particle load capacity is higher, always there is a small amount of nano particle to be present in porous
The outer surface of carrier.These a small amount of nano particles for being present in porous carrier outer surface, it may occur however that sintering etc. of reuniting influences
The overall performance of material.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：A kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles and its preparation are provided
Method.The preparation method can ensure, in high nano nickel particles load capacity, to realize to it in Silica Nanotube
Complete confinement, have many advantages, such as high-specific surface area, high nickel dispersion degree and high anti-caking power.When for catalytic methane dioxy
When changing carbon reforming reaction, there is high carbon accumulation resisting ability, also there is important application prospect in other catalytic fields.The present invention is reported
The preparation method in road can realize the control to Silica Nanotube wall thickness, specific surface area, can realize to all nickel nanometers
The complete confinement of particle.Synthesis material is easy to get, method is simply rapid, can realize large batch of synthesis, to solve the prior art
There are the problem of.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles, including with
Lower step：First, using hydrothermal synthesis method, silicon source and nickel salt presoma under alkaline condition, before forming nickel silicate nano tube
Drive body；Then, it using water/ethyl alcohol/surfactant microemulsion method, is hydrolyzed under alkaline condition using silica precursor,
One layer of uniform silica shell is coated on nickel silicate nano tube presoma surface, solvent washing is added, centrifuges and removes
Alkalinity, acidic materials are removed, it is dry；Finally, using high temperature reduction method, silicate nano tube precursor in situ is decomposed into nickel
Nanoparticulate particles, complete confinement is in Silica Nanotube shell, synthetic silica nanotube confinement nano nickel particles.
The silicon source is one or more kinds of mixing in ethyl orthosilicate, methyl orthosilicate and person's sodium metasilicate；Institute
The nickel presoma stated is one or more kinds of mixing in nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate and nickel acetylacetonate.
Alkali in the hydro-thermal method synthetic system is that the one or more in urea, concentrated ammonia liquor and sodium hydroxide are mixed
It closes；PH value is controlled 8~12.
The described reaction time control for preparing nickel silicate nano tube 10~for 24 hours；Institute's reaction temperature control is at 120 DEG C
~220 DEG C.
The surfactant in Silica Nanotube shell microemulsion method for preparing is nonionic surface active agent
Or ionic surfactant.
The silica precursor used in Silica Nanotube shell for preparing is ethyl orthosilicate, positive silicic acid
One or more kinds of mixing in methyl esters and sodium metasilicate；The reaction time control for preparing Silica Nanotube shell
At 1~14 day.
Alkali in the microemulsion system is one or more kinds of mixing in urea, concentrated ammonia liquor and sodium hydroxide.
The temperature control of the high temperature reduction method is at 500 DEG C~900 DEG C, reaction time 1-5h；High temperature reduction method is gone back
Raw-gas be the gaseous mixture of 5% hydrogen and nitrogen, 99.999%% hydrogen, 5% carbon monoxide and nitrogen gaseous mixture,
One or more kinds of mixing in 99.999% carbon monoxide；Used cleaning solvent is molten using the mixing of alkylol and water
Liquid；Alkylol therein is one or more kinds of mixing of methanol, ethyl alcohol, isopropanol；The mass ratio of alkyl alcohol and water is 9:1
~1:9.
In nickel silicate nano tube hydrothermal synthesis system, the mass percent of nickel salt presoma be 0.5wt%~
The mass percent of 30wt%, silicon source are 0.5wt%~5wt%, and the mass percent of alkali is 5wt%~50wt%, other are
Aqueous solvent；In the microemulsion system of synthetic silica nanotube shell, the mass percent of silica precursor is
The mass percent of 0.5wt%~15wt%, nickel silicate nanotubes are 0.5wt%~50wt%, and the mass percent of alkali is
The mass percent of 0.5wt%~10wt%, surfactant are 0.5wt%~10wt%, other are ethyl alcohol water mixed solution,
PH value is controlled 8~12.
The nonionic surface active agent is C14H22O(C2H4O) n, n=10~15 and C15H24O(C2H4O) n, n=5
One or more kinds of mixing in~10, the ionic surfactant is alkyl quaternaries surfactant
CnTAB, one or more kinds of mixing in n=10~15.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：A kind of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles and its system that the present invention is reported
Preparation Method can ensure that, at high load amount (20wt%~30%wt%), realization exists the complete confinement of nano nickel particles
In Silica Nanotube.It is characterized in that the wall thickness of Silica Nanotube controllable (3nm~30nm), specific surface area are controllable
(100m2.g-1~500m2.g-1), nickel high degree of dispersion (grain size is in 5nm~8nm) has many advantages, such as high anti-caking power.When with
When catalytic methane CO 2 reforming reaction, there is high carbon accumulation resisting ability, also there is important application in other catalytic fields
Foreground.The preparation method that the present invention is reported, synthesis material is easy to get, method is simply rapid, can realize large batch of synthesis.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation method schematic diagram of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles；
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of nickel silicate nano tube；
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope picture of nickel silicate nano tube silicon dixoide nucleocapsid structure nanotube；
Fig. 4 is the transmission electron microscope picture of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles；
Fig. 5 is the high-amplification-factor transmission electron microscope picture of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles；
Fig. 6 is X-ray diffractogram；(a) nickel silicate nano tube, (b) nickel silicate nano tube silica, (c) dioxy
SiClx nanotube confinement nano nickel particles；
Fig. 7 be Silica Nanotube load nano nickel particles before carbon dioxide methane reforming reaction (a) and
The transmission electron microscope picture of (b) after 700oC reacts 70 hours；
Fig. 8 is activity and the stability contrast experiment that carbon dioxide methane reforming reacts 70 hours in 700oC；
Fig. 9 is that Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles are small in 700oC reactions 70 for carbon dioxide methane reforming
When after transmission electron microscope picture；
Figure 10 is thermal multigraph of the carbon dioxide methane reforming after 700oC reacts 70 hours.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1：
(1) by 1.9 grams of nickel nitrates, 10 milliliters of water, 10 milliliters of ethyl orthosilicates, 10 grams of urea sequentially add in water heating kettle,
It is stirred at room temperature and is put into after ten minutes in 200 degree of insulating box, reaction is taken out after 10 hours.After being cooled to room temperature, ethyl alcohol is used
It repeatedly washs, centrifuge with the mixed solvent of water, up to nickel silicate nano tube (Fig. 2) after drying at room temperature.A in XRD diffraction patterns 6
Diffraction maximum shows prepared nickel silicate nano tube, exists without other dephasigns.
(2) nickel silicate nano tube made from upper step is put into 200 milliliters of flask, sequentially adds 100 milliliters of second
Alcohol, 50 milliliters of water, 6.9 milliliters of ammonium hydroxide (28wt%) and CTAB (a concentration of 5 gram per liter) are stirred evenly.Then, 1mL is being added just
Silester after reacting 24 hours, centrifuges.It repeatedly washed, centrifuged with the mixed solvent of second alcohol and water, drying at room temperature 12 is small
Shi Hou is calcined 4 hours at 600 degree.The specific surface area of obtained nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid is
180m2.g-1.Wherein, the thickness of Silica Nanotube shell is 8nm (Fig. 3).The diffracting spectrum of b exists in XRD diffraction patterns 6
There is the diffraction maximum of silica in 23.5o.In addition, the diffraction peak intensity table of nisiloy hydrochlorate is weak.These all show to successfully synthesize
Nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid.
(3) the nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid for obtaining previous step at 700 degree with pure hydrogen
After gas restores 1 hour, you can obtain Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5).XRD diffraction patterns 6
In the diffracting spectrum of middle c, the diffraction maximum of nisiloy hydrochlorate disappears, while the diffraction maximum of nickel occurs.After this shows high temperature reduction, nickel
The decomposition of silicate in-situ reducing produces nano nickel particles.The size of nano nickel particles is estimated as 5.2nm from Fig. 4, from Fig. 6
The grain size of calculating is 6.8nm, and the two is consistent.
(4) preparation of contrast sample：It is urged with the nano tube supported nano nickel particles of ultrasonic assistant soakage legal system prepared silicon dioxide
Agent (load capacity of nickel keeps identical as Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles) (Fig. 7 a).Step is a certain amount of to weigh
Nickel nitrate and Silica Nanotube be put into crucible, be added a certain amount of deionized water, ultrasound is after 20 hours, in 60 degree of water
Stirring after 12 hours dry in 60 degree of baking ovens, is calcined 4 hours to doing at 700 degree in bath.The major part it can be seen from Fig. 7 a
Nickel is present in Silica Nanotube surface, and the grain size of nickel is 11.2nm.
(5) contrast test is tested：Under normal pressure, by CH4、CO2With He with 1:1:1 mode (air speed 36Lg-1cat·h-1), it each leads into equipped with Silica Nanotube confinement or nickel-loaded nanoparticle catalyst fixed bed reactors (700oC), instead
Answer 70h (Fig. 8).As can be seen that for Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles, under the conversion ratio of methane and carbon dioxide
Drop about 18%.And it is about 21% (carbon dioxide) and 27% (first that Silica Nanotube nickel-loaded nanoparticle conversion rate, which declines,
Alkane).Compare the projection electron microscope (Fig. 9 and Fig. 4 and Fig. 7 a and b) before and after the two catalyst reactions, it can be seen that titanium dioxide
Nano-tube confinement nano nickel particles have good anti-sintering property.Silica is can be seen that from Figure 10 thermogravimetric analysis to receive
Mitron confinement nano nickel particles have high carbon accumulation resisting ability.
Embodiment 2：
(1) by 1.9 grams of nickel acetylacetonates, 10 milliliters of water, 10 milliliters of sodium metasilicate, 10 grams of sodium hydroxides sequentially add water heating kettle
In, it is stirred at room temperature after ten minutes, is put into the insulating box of 180 degree, reaction is taken out after 18 hours.After being cooled to room temperature, use
The mixed solvent of second alcohol and water is repeatedly washed, is centrifuged, up to nickel silicate nano tube after drying at room temperature.
(2) nickel silicate nano tube made from upper step is put into 200 milliliters of flask, sequentially adds 100 milliliters of second
Alcohol, 50 milliliters of water, 20 milliliters of ammonium hydroxide (28wt%) and CTAB (a concentration of 5 gram per liter) are stirred evenly.Then, 10mL is being added just
Methyl silicate after reacting 7 days, centrifuges.It repeatedly washed, centrifuged, drying at room temperature 12 hours with the mixed solvent of second alcohol and water
Afterwards, it is calcined 4 hours at 900 degree.The specific surface area of obtained nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid is
250m2.g-1.Wherein, the thickness of Silica Nanotube shell is 13nm.
(3) the nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid for obtaining previous step at 500 degree with 5%
After carbon monoxide and nitrogen mixture restore 4 hours, you can obtain Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles.
Embodiment 3：
(1) by 1.9 grams of nickel chlorides, 10 milliliters of water, 5 milliliters of ethyl orthosilicates, 10 grams of sodium hydroxides sequentially add water heating kettle
In, it is stirred at room temperature and is put into after ten minutes in 120 degree of insulating box, reaction is taken out after 30 hours.After being cooled to room temperature, use
The mixed solvent of second alcohol and water is repeatedly washed, is centrifuged, up to nickel silicate nano tube after drying at room temperature.
(2) nickel silicate nano tube made from upper step is put into 200 milliliters of flask, sequentially adds 100 milliliters of second
Alcohol, 50 milliliters of water, 2 grams of urea (28wt%) and CTAB (a concentration of 5 gram per liter) are stirred evenly.Then, the positive silicon of 30mL is added
Sour methyl esters after reacting 14 days, centrifuges.It repeatedly washed, centrifuged, drying at room temperature 12 hours with the mixed solvent of second alcohol and water
Afterwards, it is calcined 4 hours at 700 degree.The specific surface area of obtained nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid is
320m2.g-1.Wherein, the thickness of Silica Nanotube shell is 17nm.
(3) the nickel silicate nano tube Silica Nanotube nucleocapsid for obtaining previous step at 800 degree with single
After carbonoxide restores 5 hours, you can obtain Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles, it is characterised in that：It comprises the steps of：It is first
First, using hydrothermal synthesis method, silicon source and nickel salt presoma under alkaline condition, form nickel silicate nano tube presoma；Then,
Using water/ethyl alcohol/surfactant microemulsion method, hydrolyzed under alkaline condition using silica precursor, in nisiloy hydrochlorate
Precursor body of Nano tube surface coats one layer of uniform silica shell, and solvent washing is added, centrifuges removing alkalinity, is acid
Substance, it is dry；Finally, using high temperature reduction method, silicate nano tube precursor in situ is decomposed into nickel nanoparticulate particles,
Complete confinement is in Silica Nanotube shell, synthetic silica nanotube confinement nano nickel particles.
2. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The silicon source is one or more kinds of mixing in ethyl orthosilicate, methyl orthosilicate and person's sodium metasilicate；The nickel
Presoma is one or more kinds of mixing in nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate and nickel acetylacetonate.
3. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Alkali in the hydro-thermal method synthetic system is one or more kinds of mixing in urea, concentrated ammonia liquor and sodium hydroxide；pH
Value control is 8~12.
4. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The reaction time for preparing nickel silicate nano tube controls in 10~30h；Institute's reaction temperature control is 120 DEG C~220
℃。
5. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The surfactant in Silica Nanotube shell microemulsion method for preparing is nonionic surface active agent or ion
Type surfactant.
6. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The silica precursor used in Silica Nanotube shell for preparing is ethyl orthosilicate, methyl orthosilicate
With the one or more mixing in sodium metasilicate；The reaction time for preparing Silica Nanotube shell controls 1
~14 days.
7. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：Alkali in the microemulsion system is one or more kinds of mixing in urea, concentrated ammonia liquor and sodium hydroxide.
8. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The temperature control of the high temperature reduction method is at 500 DEG C~900 DEG C, reaction time 1-5h；The reducing gas of high temperature reduction method
For gaseous mixture, 99.999% 1 oxygen of the gaseous mixture of 5% hydrogen and nitrogen, 99.999%% hydrogen, 5% carbon monoxide and nitrogen
Change one or more kinds of mixing in carbon；Used cleaning solvent uses the mixed solution of alkylol and water；Alkane therein
Base alcohol is one or more kinds of mixing of methanol, ethyl alcohol, isopropanol；The mass ratio of alkyl alcohol and water is 9:1~1:9.
9. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 1, feature exist
In：In nickel silicate nano tube hydrothermal synthesis system, the mass percent of nickel salt presoma is 0.5wt%~30wt%, silicon
The mass percent in source is 0.5wt%~5wt%, and the mass percent of alkali is 5wt%~50wt%, other are aqueous solvent；
In the microemulsion system of synthetic silica nanotube shell, the mass percent of silica precursor be 0.5wt%~
15wt%, the mass percents of nickel silicate nanotubes are 0.5wt%~50wt%, the mass percent of alkali be 0.5wt%~
The mass percent of 10wt%, surfactant are 0.5wt%~10wt%, other are ethyl alcohol water mixed solution, pH value control
8~12.
10. a kind of preparation method of Silica Nanotube confinement nano nickel particles according to claim 5, feature exist
In：The nonionic surface active agent is C14H22O(C2H4O) n, n=10~15 and C15H24O(C2H4O) n, n=5~10
In one or more kinds of mixing, the ionic surfactant is alkyl quaternaries surfactant CnTAB, n
One or more kinds of mixing in=10~15.
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| CN112473669A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 山西大学 | Low-temperature low-pressure direct hydrogenation catalyst for coal-based 1, 4-butynediol and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114405502A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-04-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation and application of catalyst with metal loaded on inner wall of silicon dioxide nanotube |
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| CN114405502B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2023-05-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation and application of catalyst with metal supported on inner wall of silica nanotube |
| CN112473669A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 山西大学 | Low-temperature low-pressure direct hydrogenation catalyst for coal-based 1, 4-butynediol and preparation method thereof |
| CN114054065A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-18 | 天津大学 | Preparation method of organic-inorganic hybrid material coated nickel silicate nanotube catalyst |
| CN114602474A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-10 | 天津大学 | Preparation method of layered nickel silicate catalyst |
| CN114950456A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-30 | 贵州大学 | Silicon dioxide nanotube confinement nickel-CeO 2 Nanoparticles and method for preparing same |
| CN115090293A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-23 | 贵州大学 | Core-shell cerium dioxide nanorod supported nickel catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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