CN108451562B - Stepless regulating and expanding device for craniocerebral lumen - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for continuously adjusting the expansion of cranial lumen, including an elastic expansion piece; the expansion piece has a first shape and a second shape under the restriction of external constraints, and the first shape is a multi-layer tightly curled cylindrical shape , the second form is a curled cylindrical shape; the number of curling turns in the second form is smaller than the number of curling turns in the first form; the expansion piece can be controlled to expand from the first form to the second form. The present invention realizes stepless expansion of brain tissue during cranial surgery by adopting an elastic expansion piece to gradually release and expand from a tightly curled state under the action of internal stress. It has the characteristics of simple structure, simple operation, etc., and realizes cranial surgery. Adjustment and control of surgical channels. The invention causes less damage to brain tissue, can ensure the safety and reliability of the surgical operation channel, greatly reduces iatrogenic trauma during the operation, reduces the doctor's workload and operating difficulty, and greatly improves the patient's prognosis.

Description

A device for continuously adjusting the expansion of cranial lumen

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of medical devices and relates to a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device used in cranial surgery.

Background technique

Intracranial hematomas, tumors and other intracranial lesions have the characteristics of deep location and proximity to important functional areas, which lead to complex surgical approaches in the internal brain areas, difficult and risky surgical procedures, difficulty in hemostasis in the surgical area, and low total resection rate, especially Brain tissue is very young and can easily cause iatrogenic damage during surgery. When performing intracerebral surgery, clinical surgical approaches such as cortical fistula are often required to reach deep lesions. This process will inevitably cause iatrogenic brain tissue damage due to the passage of instruments.

The existing invention patent CN106994027 discloses a brain tissue expansion device, which includes a expander body, a fixation device, an inner core and a locking component. By expanding and creating a fistula from the cerebral cortex, the brain tissue is retracted and fixed, and then the deep part is Perform targeted operations to expose the surgical field and make the surgical operation more convenient and easy. However, the structural design of this device is not reasonable, and it is easy to cause damage to brain tissue during the insertion and removal process; the operation is complex, it does not have the function of stepless adjustment, and it cannot quantitatively adjust the size of the cortical expansion area.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cranial lumen expansion device with a simple structure, easy operation, strong safety and controllability, small iatrogenic damage, and stepless adjustment function.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A device for continuously adjusting the expansion of cranial lumen, including an elastic expansion piece 1. The expansion sheet 1 has a first form and a second form under the restriction of external constraints. The first form is a multi-layer tightly curled cylindrical shape, and the second form is a curled cylindrical shape; the third form is a curled cylindrical shape. The number of crimping turns in the second form is smaller than the number of crimping turns in the first form; the expansion piece can be controlled to expand from the first form to the second form.

Furthermore, the expansion piece 1 is a rectangular sheet-like elastic structure with a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm.

Furthermore, the number of curling turns of the expansion sheet 1 in the first form is 2 to 10 turns.

Furthermore, the expansion piece 1 is a single-layer metal or plastic structure, or a double-layer metal, plastic or metal/plastic composite structure; the metal is a memory metal or alloy.

Furthermore, the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes a controller 2 that restricts the shape of the expansion piece 1. The controller 2 is in an "L" shape as a whole and includes a fixed portion 20 and a handle that are perpendicular to each other. part 21; the fixing part 20 is provided along the outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1, and includes a long outer plate 22 and an inner plate 23 with the same height as the expansion piece 1; the upper and lower sides of the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 are The lower two ends are connected and closed, and a narrow slit 24 is formed in the middle; the outer edge of the expansion piece 1 is connected and fixed with the side edge of the outer plate 22 of the controller 2, and the outer ring of the expansion piece 1 (that is, from outside to inside when winding The first turn) or the outermost turns pass through the narrow slit 24; the handle part 21 is located at the upper end of the fixed part and is arranged outward away from the expansion piece 1 in a direction perpendicular to the fixed part.

Furthermore, the expansion piece 1 is provided with a long protrusion 13 along the direction of the inner edge 12 , and the height of the protrusion 13 is greater than the width of the slit 24 of the fixing part 20 .

Furthermore, the outer panel 22 of the controller 2 is provided with a through hole 221, and a pressing block 28 is provided in the through hole 221; the pressing block 28 can move in the through hole 221 to compress or release the pressure in the narrow slit 24 of the fixing part 20. Expansion piece 1; the handle portion 21 is provided with an operating lever 25, and the operating lever 25 is connected to the handle portion 21 through a rotating shaft 26 in an "X"-shaped scissor-like structure; the operating end 252 of the operating lever 25 is connected to the handle portion 21 are arranged in parallel, and the action end 251 of the operating lever 25 is in contact with the pressing block 28; by pressing down or lifting the operating end 252 of the operating lever 25, the action end 251 can be controlled to squeeze or release the pressing block 28.

Furthermore, the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes a sheath 3 arranged in the cylindrical expansion piece 1. The upper part of the sheath 3 is provided with a funnel-shaped syringe interface 31, and the lower part of the sheath 3 is provided with a funnel-shaped syringe interface 31. Coaxially with the syringe interface 31, a sheath body 32 with the same height as the expansion piece 1 is provided; the diameter of the sheath body 32 is consistent with the diameter of the cylindrical internal space of the expansion piece 1 in the first form. The inside of 32 is provided with a through hole 35 that communicates with the syringe interface 31 and penetrates up and down; the sheath 3 is also provided with a hard core 4 inside.

Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13 provided at the inner side 12 of the expansion piece 1 is an inverted trapezoid structure with a large outside and a small inside. The sheath body 32 of the sheath 3 is provided with a protrusion 13 for use in conjunction with Card slot 33.

Furthermore, a vertically downward positioning plug 34 is provided on the outside of the syringe interface 31 of the sheath 3; the handle portion 21 is provided with a positioning hole 29 used in conjunction with the positioning plug 34.

The present invention is a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device, which realizes stepless expansion of brain tissue during craniocerebral surgery by using an elastic expansion piece to gradually release and expand from a tightly curled state under the action of internal stress. With the characteristics of simple structure and simple operation, it realizes the adjustment and control of the cranial surgery channel. The invention causes less damage to brain tissue, can ensure the safety and reliability of the surgical operation channel, greatly reduces iatrogenic trauma during the operation, reduces the doctor's workload and operating difficulty, and greatly improves the patient's prognosis.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device of the present invention (the expansion piece in the figure is in the first form);

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the expansion piece of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device in the first form according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the controller of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention (the operating end in the figure is in a compressed state);

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sheath of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hard core of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hard core of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention (the expansion piece in the figure is in the second form);

Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a controller of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention (the operating end in the figure is in a released state).

Implementation

The specific implementation of the stepless adjustment and expansion device of the cranial lumen of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 8. The stepless adjustment and expansion device of the cranial lumen of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device includes an expansion piece 1, a controller 2, a sheath 3 and a hard core 4. The expansion piece 1 is a cylindrical structure rolled from a rectangular thin sheet of elastic material. The sheath 3 and the hard core 4 are arranged inside the cylindrical expansion piece 1. The controller 2 is located outside the expansion piece 1 and controls the expansion piece 1. The shape acts as a constraint and restriction.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, they are schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the expansion piece 1 of the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device. The expansion piece 1 is rolled from a rectangular sheet-shaped elastic material. After the expansion piece 1 is rolled and formed, it has an internal stress that expands outward. Specifically, the expansion piece 1 may be a single-layer metal, memory metal, alloy or plastic structure, or may be a double-layer metal, plastic or metal/plastic composite structure, with a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm. In practical applications, on the premise of ensuring that the expansion piece 1 has sufficient strength and elasticity, its thickness should be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the cross-sectional diameter of the device and thereby reducing the trauma to the brain tissue when establishing a surgical channel. The expansion sheet 1 has a first form and a second form under the constraints of the controller 2. The first form is a multi-layer tightly curled cylindrical structure (as shown in Figure 3), and the second form is The shape is a single-layer curled cylindrical structure (as shown in Figure 7). During the operation, the expansion piece 1 has a smaller cross-sectional diameter in the first form, which is convenient for inserting into the brain tissue to establish a surgical channel; after the insertion is completed, the expansion piece 1 is under the action of internal stress and the control of the controller. It gradually and controlledly expands from the first form to the second form, thereby establishing and enlarging the surgical channel for the surgeon to perform surgery in the single-layer curled cylindrical structure. As a specific implementation, the number of curling turns of the expansion sheet 1 in the first form is 2 to 10 turns. After the expansion piece 1 is inserted into the brain tissue and fully expanded to the second form, it can be a single-layer or multi-layer cylindrical structure, or it can only be partially expanded as needed to form a multi-layer cylindrical structure after expansion (in this case The number of crimping turns in the second form is smaller than the number of crimping turns in the first form), and the amount of expansion can be determined according to surgical needs and adjusted steplessly to meet the differentiated needs of most surgeries. Preferably, the expansion piece 1 can adopt a transparent plastic structure, so that the state of the brain tissue outside the expansion piece 1 can be easily observed during the operation.

The function of the controller 2 is to control the diameter and expansion amount of the multi-layer roll-shaped cylindrical structure of the expansion piece 1. This function can be achieved in a variety of ways, and all should be considered without departing from the concept of the present invention. belong to the protection scope of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, a specific implementation of a controller 2 is provided. The controller 2 is overall "L" shaped and includes a fixed portion 20 and a handle portion 21 that are perpendicular to each other.

The fixing part 20 is provided along the outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1 and includes a long outer side plate 22 and an inner side plate 23 that are the same height as the expansion piece 1 . Viewed from a horizontal cross-section, the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 have a curvature similar to the outer ring of the expansion piece 1 in the first form, so that the device is as close to a circle as possible in the horizontal cross-section. The upper and lower ends of the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 are connected and closed, and a narrow slit 24 is formed in the middle. The outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1 is connected and fixed with the side edge of the outer plate 22 of the controller 2, thereby fixing the outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1 (removable fixing methods such as clamping can also be used to facilitate assembly or disassembly of the device). At the same time, the outer ring of the expansion sheet 1 (ie, the first ring from the outside to the inside during winding) passes through the narrow slit 24, and the remaining part is continued to be rolled inside to form a barrel shape. As another embodiment, the outer two or more turns of the expansion sheet 1 can also be passed through the narrow slit 24 and wound into a barrel shape. Such an arrangement can make the second form consist of two or more turns. , its function is to increase the expansion strength of the expansion piece 1 or reduce the thickness of the expansion piece 1 while maintaining the expansion strength. The outer plate 22 of the controller 2 is provided with a through hole 221 in a direction perpendicular to the outer ring plane of the expansion piece 1. A pressure block 28 is provided in the through hole 221, and the pressure block 28 can move inside and outside the through hole 221. Thereby, the expansion piece 1 in the narrow slit 24 of the fixing part 20 is compressed or released. Specifically, when inward pressure is applied to the pressure block 28, the pressure block 28 moves inward along the through hole 221, pressing the first ring of the expansion piece 1 in the narrow slit 24 against the inner plate 23 of the controller 2. , thereby achieving controlled expansion and limiting fixation of the expansion piece 1.

As shown in Figures 4, 7 and 8, the handle part 21 is located at the upper end of the fixed part and is arranged outward away from the expansion piece 1 in a direction perpendicular to the fixed part. Its main function is to facilitate the holding, positioning and operation of the device. , and at the same time cooperate with the pressing block 28 to realize the limiting function of the expansion piece 1. The handle portion 21 is provided with an operating lever 25. The operating lever 25 can rotate around the rotating shaft 26, and together with the handle portion 21, form an "X"-shaped scissor-like motion structure. The operating end 252 of the operating lever 25 is arranged parallel to the handle portion 21 and has two positions: squeeze and release. When the operating rod 25 is in the squeeze position, the operating end 252 is aligned and locked with the handle portion 21 for the operator to hold or fix. At this time, the action end 251 of the operating rod 25 contacts the pressing block 28 and generates sufficient pressure to achieve pressing. Block 28 fixes the expansion piece 1; when the operating lever 25 is in the release position, the operating end 252 lifts upward, the action end 251 of the operating lever 25 separates from the pressing block 28, and the pressing block 28 releases the expanding piece 1. As shown in Figure 8, as a specific implementation, the end of the operating lever 25 is provided with a protrusion 253, and the end of the handle portion 21 is provided with two or more grooves 211 matching the protrusion 253 at corresponding positions. , through the cooperation between the protrusion 253 and different grooves 211, the operating end 252 and the handle portion 21 can be positioned at different positions.

As shown in Figures 2, 5 and 6, the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes a sheath 3 arranged in the cylindrical expansion piece 1. The upper part of the sheath 3 is provided with a funnel-shaped There is a syringe interface 31, and a sheath body 32 with the same height as the expansion piece 1 is disposed coaxially with the lower part of the sheath 3 and the syringe interface 31. The diameter of the sheath body 32 is consistent with the diameter of the cylindrical internal space of the expansion piece 1 in the first form. The sheath body 32 is provided with a through hole 35 that communicates with the syringe interface 31 and penetrates up and down. There is also a hard core 4 inside the sheath 3. The upper part of the hard core 4 has a cone-shaped structure, which is consistent with the internal spatial structure of the syringe interface 31; the lower part is a cylindrical solid core, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the through hole 35 of the sheath 3. consistent.

As shown in Figure 2, the bottom structure of the sheath 3 is arc-shaped or frustum-shaped, and the bottom structure of the hard core 4 is arc-shaped or hemispherical. Its function is that when the expansion piece 1 is in the first form When the multi-layer rolled expansion piece 1 is formed, the bottom of the sheath 3 and the bottom of the hard core 4 cooperate to form an obtuse bottom structure, thereby reducing the difficulty of the device during the insertion operation. damage to brain tissue. (In the drawings of the description, in order to clearly show the rolled structure of the expansion sheet 1, the thickness of the expansion sheet 1 and the spacing between the multi-layer structure are larger. In actual applications, the thickness of the expansion sheet 1 will be very thin, and the thickness of the expansion sheet 1 will be very thin. After molding, the layers are closely adhered to each other, and there is almost no gap. Therefore, in the first form, the expansion piece 1 can form an obtuse circular structure together with the bottom of the sheath 3 and the hard core 4.)

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the expansion piece 1 is provided with a long protrusion 13 along the direction of the inner edge 12. The height of the protrusion 13 is greater than the width of the narrow slit 24 of the fixing portion 20. This is to prevent the inner edge 12 of the expansion piece 1 from detaching from the narrow slit 24 of the fixing part 20 and causing accidental injury to the patient. As a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13 provided at the inner edge 12 of the expansion piece 1 is an inverted trapezoidal structure with a large outside and a small inside. The sheath body 32 of the sheath 3 is provided with The card slot 33 is used in conjunction with the protrusion 13 . In the first form of the expansion piece 1 , the protrusion 13 can be inserted into the slot 33 of the sheath 3 from top to bottom, so that the sheath 3 and the inner side 12 of the expansion piece 1 are integrated into one body. The function of this structure is that when the expansion piece 1 expands from the first state to the second state, since the sheath 3 and the expansion piece 1 have been combined, the expansion piece 1 can be controlled to expand by manually rotating the sheath 3, so that the expansion piece 1 can be expanded in a controlled manner. The expansion operation of expansion piece 1 becomes simpler and safer. At the same time, the outside of the syringe interface 31 of the sheath 3 is provided with a vertically downward positioning plug 34; the handle portion 21 is provided with a positioning hole 29 used in conjunction with the positioning plug 34. During the expansion process of the expansion piece 1 , the operator can insert the positioning bolt 34 into the positioning hole 29 at any time, thereby stopping the expansion process of the expansion piece 1, making the use of the device more flexible and convenient.

The steps to use this device are as follows: first, assemble the device according to the structure of Figure 1, with the expansion piece 1 in the first form; second, insert the device into the brain tissue, and the hard core 4 can be pulled out during the insertion process And insert the syringe needle to suck deep fluid accumulation and other operations; the third step, lift the operating end 252 of the operating rod 25 upward to separate the operating end 251 of the operating rod 25 from the pressing block 28, and then release the expansion piece 1; fourth Step 1: First, lift up the sheath 3 slightly to separate the positioning plug 34 of the sheath 3 from the positioning hole 29 of the handle 21, and then manually rotate the sheath 3 to drive the expansion piece 1 to gradually expand; the fifth step is to wait for the expansion piece 1 When the expansion reaches the appropriate size, press the operating lever 25, lock the expansion piece 1, and completely pull out the sheath 3. At this time, the cylindrical space formed by the expansion piece 1 is the established surgical channel space; sixth Step, after the operation is completed, reinsert the sheath 3, release the action end 251 of the operating lever 25, manually rotate the sheath 3 in the opposite direction, so that the expansion piece 1 is gradually curled, and can be pulled out after it is gathered to a suitable position or first shape. Remove the device; by first curling it up and then pulling it out, the damage to the brain tissue can be further reduced. After the operation is completed, the device can be disassembled and sterilized for reuse next time.

The "number of curling turns" described in this embodiment is not limited to an integer. For example, the number of crimp turns can be 2.5 turns, which means the number of crimp turns is two and a half turns.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be concluded that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of them should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A stepless adjustment expansion device for cranial lumen, characterized in that: it includes an elastic expansion piece; the expansion piece has a first form and a second form under the restriction of external constraints, and the first form is multi-layered Tightly curled cylindrical shape, the second form is a curled cylindrical shape; the number of crimping turns in the second form is smaller than the number of crimping turns in the first form; the expansion sheet can be controlled to expand from the first form to the third form. Two forms; Wherein the expansion piece is a rectangular sheet-like elastic structure with a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm; Wherein the expansion piece is a single-layer metal or plastic structure, or a double-layer metal, plastic or metal/plastic composite structure; the metal is a memory metal or alloy; The cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes: A controller, which is used to restrict the shape of the expansion piece. The controller is overall "L" shaped and includes a fixed part and a handle part that are perpendicular to each other; Wherein the fixing part is arranged along the outer edge of the expansion piece, and the fixing part includes a long outer plate and an inner plate with the same height as the expansion piece; the upper and lower sides of the outer plate and the inner plate are The lower two ends are connected and closed, and a narrow slit is formed in the middle; the outer edge of the expansion piece is connected and fixed with the side edge of the outer panel of the controller, and the outer ring or the outermost multiple turns of the expansion piece passes through the narrow slit; The handle part is located at the upper end of the fixed part and is arranged outward away from the expansion piece in a direction perpendicular to the fixed part; The expansion piece is provided with a strip-shaped protrusion along the direction of the inner side, and the height of the protrusion is greater than the width of the narrow slit of the fixing part; Wherein, a through hole is provided on the outer panel of the controller, and a pressing block is provided in the through hole; the pressing block can move in the through hole to compress or release the expansion piece in the narrow slit of the fixing part. ;as well as The sheath is arranged in the cylindrical expansion piece. The upper part of the sheath is provided with a funnel-shaped syringe interface. The lower part of the sheath is coaxial with the syringe interface and has a height equal to that of the expansion piece. A consistent sheath body; the diameter of the sheath body is consistent with the diameter of the internal space of the cylinder when the expansion piece is in the first form, and a through hole is provided inside the sheath body that communicates with the syringe interface and penetrates up and down; There is also a hard core inside the sheath; The cross-sectional shape of the protrusion provided at the inner edge of the expansion piece is an inverted trapezoid structure with a large outside and a small inside. The sheath body of the sheath is provided with a slot that cooperates with the protrusion. 2. The stepless adjustment expansion device of the cranial lumen according to claim 1, wherein the number of curling turns of the expansion piece in the first form is 2 to 10 turns. 3. The device for stepless adjustment and expansion of cranial lumen according to claim 1, characterized in that: the handle portion is provided with an operating lever, and the operating lever forms an "X"-shaped scissor-like structure through a rotating shaft and the handle portion. Connection; the operating end of the operating lever is arranged parallel to the handle part, and the action end of the operating lever is in contact with the pressing block; by pressing down or lifting the operating end of the operating lever, the action end can be controlled to squeeze or release the pressing block. 4. The device for stepless adjustment and expansion of cranial lumen according to claim 1, characterized in that: a vertically downward positioning bolt is provided on the outside of the syringe interface of the sheath; and the handle is provided with a Positioning holes for use with positioning bolts.