CN108451562B - Stepless regulating and expanding device for craniocerebral lumen - Google Patents
Stepless regulating and expanding device for craniocerebral lumen Download PDFInfo
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- CN108451562B CN108451562B CN201810211874.XA CN201810211874A CN108451562B CN 108451562 B CN108451562 B CN 108451562B CN 201810211874 A CN201810211874 A CN 201810211874A CN 108451562 B CN108451562 B CN 108451562B
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000005013 brain tissue Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000642 iatrogenic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004393 prognosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010016717 Fistula Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003890 fistula Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000012260 Accidental injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010059491 Intracranial haematoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003710 cerebral cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007917 intracranial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for holding wounds open, e.g. retractors; Tractors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0801—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking
- A61B2090/08021—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking of the patient or his organs
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Abstract
一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置,包括弹性扩张片;所述扩张片在外部约束的限制下具有第一形态和第二形态,所述第一形态为多层紧密卷曲的圆筒状,所述第二形态为卷曲的圆筒状;所述第二形态的卷曲圈数小于第一形态的卷曲圈数;所述扩张片可由第一形态受控扩张至第二形态。本发明通过采用弹性扩张片在内部应力的作用下由紧密卷曲状态逐渐释放并扩大的方式,实现颅脑手术中对脑组织的无级扩张,具有结构简洁、操作简单等特点,实现了颅脑手术通道的调节控制。本发明对脑组织的破坏创伤小,可以保证手术操作通道安全可靠,大大减少了手术过程中的医源性创伤,同时降低了医生的工作量及操作难度,极大地改善病人的预后。
A device for continuously adjusting the expansion of cranial lumen, including an elastic expansion piece; the expansion piece has a first shape and a second shape under the restriction of external constraints, and the first shape is a multi-layer tightly curled cylindrical shape , the second form is a curled cylindrical shape; the number of curling turns in the second form is smaller than the number of curling turns in the first form; the expansion piece can be controlled to expand from the first form to the second form. The present invention realizes stepless expansion of brain tissue during cranial surgery by adopting an elastic expansion piece to gradually release and expand from a tightly curled state under the action of internal stress. It has the characteristics of simple structure, simple operation, etc., and realizes cranial surgery. Adjustment and control of surgical channels. The invention causes less damage to brain tissue, can ensure the safety and reliability of the surgical operation channel, greatly reduces iatrogenic trauma during the operation, reduces the doctor's workload and operating difficulty, and greatly improves the patient's prognosis.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于医疗器械领域,涉及一种应用于颅脑手术的颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置。The invention belongs to the field of medical devices and relates to a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device used in cranial surgery.
背景技术Background technique
颅内血肿、肿瘤及其它颅内病变具有位置深、邻近重要功能区等特点,导致脑内部区域手术入路复杂,手术过程艰难、风险大,术区止血困难,全切率不高,特别是脑组织非常稚嫩,手术过程中容易造成医源性损伤。在进行脑内手术时,经常需要皮质造瘘等临床手术入路才能到达深部病灶区,该过程不可避免地会因为器械通过,造成医源性脑组织损伤。Intracranial hematomas, tumors and other intracranial lesions have the characteristics of deep location and proximity to important functional areas, which lead to complex surgical approaches in the internal brain areas, difficult and risky surgical procedures, difficulty in hemostasis in the surgical area, and low total resection rate, especially Brain tissue is very young and can easily cause iatrogenic damage during surgery. When performing intracerebral surgery, clinical surgical approaches such as cortical fistula are often required to reach deep lesions. This process will inevitably cause iatrogenic brain tissue damage due to the passage of instruments.
现有发明专利CN106994027公开了一种脑组织撑开器件,包括撑开器主体、固定装置、内芯及锁定部件,通过从脑皮层扩张、造瘘,然后对脑组织牵开固定后再对深部进行针对性操作,从而达到暴露手术野,使手术操作更便捷、容易的目的。然而,该装置结构设计不尽合理,在置入和拔除过程中容易对脑组织造成损伤;而且操作复杂,不具有无级调节的功能,也不能对皮层扩张区域尺寸进行定量调节。The existing invention patent CN106994027 discloses a brain tissue expansion device, which includes a expander body, a fixation device, an inner core and a locking component. By expanding and creating a fistula from the cerebral cortex, the brain tissue is retracted and fixed, and then the deep part is Perform targeted operations to expose the surgical field and make the surgical operation more convenient and easy. However, the structural design of this device is not reasonable, and it is easy to cause damage to brain tissue during the insertion and removal process; the operation is complex, it does not have the function of stepless adjustment, and it cannot quantitatively adjust the size of the cortical expansion area.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种结构简洁、易于操作、安全可控性强、医源性损伤小,且具备无级调节功能的颅脑管腔扩张装置。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cranial lumen expansion device with a simple structure, easy operation, strong safety and controllability, small iatrogenic damage, and stepless adjustment function.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置,包括弹性扩张片1。所述扩张片1在外部约束的限制下具有第一形态和第二形态,所述第一形态为多层紧密卷曲的圆筒状,所述第二形态为卷曲的圆筒状;所述第二形态的卷曲圈数小于第一形态的卷曲圈数;所述扩张片可由第一形态受控扩张至第二形态。A device for continuously adjusting the expansion of cranial lumen, including an elastic expansion piece 1. The expansion sheet 1 has a first form and a second form under the restriction of external constraints. The first form is a multi-layer tightly curled cylindrical shape, and the second form is a curled cylindrical shape; the third form is a curled cylindrical shape. The number of crimping turns in the second form is smaller than the number of crimping turns in the first form; the expansion piece can be controlled to expand from the first form to the second form.
进一步,所述扩张片1为矩形薄片状弹性结构,厚度为0.1至5毫米。Furthermore, the expansion piece 1 is a rectangular sheet-like elastic structure with a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm.
进一步,所述扩张片1在第一形态时卷曲圈数为2至10圈。Furthermore, the number of curling turns of the expansion sheet 1 in the first form is 2 to 10 turns.
进一步,所述扩张片1为单层的金属、或塑料结构,或者为双层的金属、塑料或金属/塑料复合结构;所述金属为记忆金属或合金。Furthermore, the expansion piece 1 is a single-layer metal or plastic structure, or a double-layer metal, plastic or metal/plastic composite structure; the metal is a memory metal or alloy.
进一步,所述颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置还包括对扩张片1的形态进行约束限制的控制器2,所述控制器2整体呈“L”形,包括互相垂直的固定部20和手柄部21;所述固定部20沿扩张片1的外侧边11设置,包括与扩张片1高度一致的长条形外侧板22和内侧板23;所述外侧板22和内侧板23的上、下两端连接闭合,中间形成窄缝24;所述扩张片1的外侧边与控制器2外侧板22的侧边连接固定,所述扩张片1的外圈(即绕制时由外向内的第一圈)或最外侧的多圈从窄缝24中穿过;所述手柄部21位于固定部上端,沿垂直于固定部的方向远离扩张片1向外设置。Furthermore, the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes a controller 2 that restricts the shape of the expansion piece 1. The controller 2 is in an "L" shape as a whole and includes a fixed portion 20 and a handle that are perpendicular to each other. part 21; the fixing part 20 is provided along the outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1, and includes a long outer plate 22 and an inner plate 23 with the same height as the expansion piece 1; the upper and lower sides of the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 are The lower two ends are connected and closed, and a narrow slit 24 is formed in the middle; the outer edge of the expansion piece 1 is connected and fixed with the side edge of the outer plate 22 of the controller 2, and the outer ring of the expansion piece 1 (that is, from outside to inside when winding The first turn) or the outermost turns pass through the narrow slit 24; the handle part 21 is located at the upper end of the fixed part and is arranged outward away from the expansion piece 1 in a direction perpendicular to the fixed part.
进一步,所述扩张片1沿内侧边12的方向设有长条状的凸起13,所述凸起13的高度大于固定部20窄缝24的宽度。Furthermore, the expansion piece 1 is provided with a long protrusion 13 along the direction of the inner edge 12 , and the height of the protrusion 13 is greater than the width of the slit 24 of the fixing part 20 .
进一步,所述控制器2外侧板22上设有通孔221,通孔221内设有压块28;压块28可在通孔221中移动从而实现压紧或释放固定部20窄缝24中的扩张片1;所述手柄部21上设有操作杆25,所述操作杆25通过转轴26与手柄部21呈“X”形剪刀状结构连接;所述操作杆25的操作端252与手柄部21平行设置,所述操作杆25的动作端251与压块28接触;通过压下或抬起操作杆25的操作端252,可以控制动作端251挤压或释放压块28。Furthermore, the outer panel 22 of the controller 2 is provided with a through hole 221, and a pressing block 28 is provided in the through hole 221; the pressing block 28 can move in the through hole 221 to compress or release the pressure in the narrow slit 24 of the fixing part 20. Expansion piece 1; the handle portion 21 is provided with an operating lever 25, and the operating lever 25 is connected to the handle portion 21 through a rotating shaft 26 in an "X"-shaped scissor-like structure; the operating end 252 of the operating lever 25 is connected to the handle portion 21 are arranged in parallel, and the action end 251 of the operating lever 25 is in contact with the pressing block 28; by pressing down or lifting the operating end 252 of the operating lever 25, the action end 251 can be controlled to squeeze or release the pressing block 28.
进一步,所述颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置还包括设置在圆筒状扩张片1中的管鞘3,所述管鞘3的上部设有漏斗状的注射器接口31,管鞘3的下部与注射器接口31同轴设有与扩张片1高度一致的管鞘本体32;所述管鞘本体32的直径与扩张片1在第一形态时的圆筒内部空间直径一致,所述管鞘本体32内部设有与注射器接口31连通且上下贯通的通孔35;所述管鞘3内部还设有硬芯4。Furthermore, the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes a sheath 3 arranged in the cylindrical expansion piece 1. The upper part of the sheath 3 is provided with a funnel-shaped syringe interface 31, and the lower part of the sheath 3 is provided with a funnel-shaped syringe interface 31. Coaxially with the syringe interface 31, a sheath body 32 with the same height as the expansion piece 1 is provided; the diameter of the sheath body 32 is consistent with the diameter of the cylindrical internal space of the expansion piece 1 in the first form. The inside of 32 is provided with a through hole 35 that communicates with the syringe interface 31 and penetrates up and down; the sheath 3 is also provided with a hard core 4 inside.
进一步,所述设置在扩张片1内侧边12处的凸起13的截面形状为外大内小的倒梯形结构,所述管鞘3的管鞘本体32上设有与凸起13配合使用的卡槽33。Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13 provided at the inner side 12 of the expansion piece 1 is an inverted trapezoid structure with a large outside and a small inside. The sheath body 32 of the sheath 3 is provided with a protrusion 13 for use in conjunction with Card slot 33.
进一步,所述管鞘3的注射器接口31外侧设有竖直向下的定位栓34;所述手柄部21上设有与定位栓34配合使用的定位孔29。Furthermore, a vertically downward positioning plug 34 is provided on the outside of the syringe interface 31 of the sheath 3; the handle portion 21 is provided with a positioning hole 29 used in conjunction with the positioning plug 34.
本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置,通过采用弹性扩张片在内部应力的作用下由紧密卷曲状态逐渐释放并扩大的方式,实现颅脑手术中对脑组织的无级扩张,具有结构简洁、操作简单等特点,实现了颅脑手术通道的调节控制。本发明对脑组织的破坏创伤小,可以保证手术操作通道安全可靠,大大减少了手术过程中的医源性创伤,同时降低了医生的工作量及操作难度,极大地改善病人的预后。The present invention is a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device, which realizes stepless expansion of brain tissue during craniocerebral surgery by using an elastic expansion piece to gradually release and expand from a tightly curled state under the action of internal stress. With the characteristics of simple structure and simple operation, it realizes the adjustment and control of the cranial surgery channel. The invention causes less damage to brain tissue, can ensure the safety and reliability of the surgical operation channel, greatly reduces iatrogenic trauma during the operation, reduces the doctor's workload and operating difficulty, and greatly improves the patient's prognosis.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的整体结构示意图(图中扩张片为第一形态);Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device of the present invention (the expansion piece in the figure is in the first form);
图2是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的底部结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;
图3是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的扩张片在第一形态时的整体结构示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the expansion piece of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device in the first form according to the present invention;
图4是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的控制器的整体结构示意图(图中操作端为压紧状态);Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the controller of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention (the operating end in the figure is in a compressed state);
图5是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的管鞘的整体结构示意图;Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sheath of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;
图6是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的硬芯的整体结构示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hard core of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;
图6是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的硬芯的整体结构示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hard core of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention;
图7是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的整体结构示意图(图中扩张片为第二形态);Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention (the expansion piece in the figure is in the second form);
图8是本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的控制器的局部结构示意图(图中操作端为释放状态)。Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a controller of a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device according to the present invention (the operating end in the figure is in a released state).
实施方式Implementation
以下结合附图1至附图8,进一步说明本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的具体实施方式。本发明一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置不限于以下实施例的描述。The specific implementation of the stepless adjustment and expansion device of the cranial lumen of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 8. The stepless adjustment and expansion device of the cranial lumen of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.
如图1和图2所示,一种颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置,包括扩张片1、控制器2、管鞘3和硬芯4。所述扩张片1为矩形薄片状弹性材料卷成的圆筒状结构,管鞘3和硬芯4设置在圆筒状的扩张片1内部,控制器2位于扩张片1外侧,对扩张片1的形态起到约束和限制作用。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device includes an expansion piece 1, a controller 2, a sheath 3 and a hard core 4. The expansion piece 1 is a cylindrical structure rolled from a rectangular thin sheet of elastic material. The sheath 3 and the hard core 4 are arranged inside the cylindrical expansion piece 1. The controller 2 is located outside the expansion piece 1 and controls the expansion piece 1. The shape acts as a constraint and restriction.
如图2和图3所示,是所述颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置的扩张片1的整体结构示意图。所述扩张片1为由矩形薄片状的弹性材料卷制而成,扩张片1卷制成型后,具有向外扩张的内部应力。具体的,所述扩张片1可以是单层的金属、记忆金属、合金或塑料结构,也可以是双层的金属、塑料或金属/塑料复合结构,其厚度为0.1至5毫米。实际应用中,在确保扩张片1具有足够的强度和弹性的前提下,应尽量降低其厚度,从而减小本装置的横截面直径,进而减小建立手术通道时对脑组织造成的创伤。所述扩张片1在控制器2的约束限制下,具有第一形态和第二形态,所述第一形态为多层紧密卷曲的圆筒状结构(如图3所示),所述第二形态为单层卷曲的圆筒状结构(如图7所示)。手术过程中,扩张片1在第一形态下具有较小的横截面直径,便于插入脑组织建立手术通道;插入完成后,所述扩张片1在内部应力的作用下和控制器的控制下,由第一形态逐步受控扩张至第二形态,从而建立并扩大手术通道,供医生在单层卷曲的圆筒状结构中实施手术。作为一种具体的实施方式,所述扩张片1在第一形态时卷曲圈数为2至10圈。扩张片1插入脑组织并完全扩张至第二形态后,可以为单层或多层的圆筒状结构,也可以根据需要仅进行部分扩张,扩张后形成多层的圆筒状结构(此时第二形态的卷曲圈数小于第一形态的卷曲圈数),扩张量可以需要根据手术需要确定并进行无级调节,从而满足多数手术差异化的需求。优选的,所述扩张片1可采用透明塑料结构,从而在手术过程中便于观察扩张片1外部的脑组织状态。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, they are schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the expansion piece 1 of the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device. The expansion piece 1 is rolled from a rectangular sheet-shaped elastic material. After the expansion piece 1 is rolled and formed, it has an internal stress that expands outward. Specifically, the expansion piece 1 may be a single-layer metal, memory metal, alloy or plastic structure, or may be a double-layer metal, plastic or metal/plastic composite structure, with a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm. In practical applications, on the premise of ensuring that the expansion piece 1 has sufficient strength and elasticity, its thickness should be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the cross-sectional diameter of the device and thereby reducing the trauma to the brain tissue when establishing a surgical channel. The expansion sheet 1 has a first form and a second form under the constraints of the controller 2. The first form is a multi-layer tightly curled cylindrical structure (as shown in Figure 3), and the second form is The shape is a single-layer curled cylindrical structure (as shown in Figure 7). During the operation, the expansion piece 1 has a smaller cross-sectional diameter in the first form, which is convenient for inserting into the brain tissue to establish a surgical channel; after the insertion is completed, the expansion piece 1 is under the action of internal stress and the control of the controller. It gradually and controlledly expands from the first form to the second form, thereby establishing and enlarging the surgical channel for the surgeon to perform surgery in the single-layer curled cylindrical structure. As a specific implementation, the number of curling turns of the expansion sheet 1 in the first form is 2 to 10 turns. After the expansion piece 1 is inserted into the brain tissue and fully expanded to the second form, it can be a single-layer or multi-layer cylindrical structure, or it can only be partially expanded as needed to form a multi-layer cylindrical structure after expansion (in this case The number of crimping turns in the second form is smaller than the number of crimping turns in the first form), and the amount of expansion can be determined according to surgical needs and adjusted steplessly to meet the differentiated needs of most surgeries. Preferably, the expansion piece 1 can adopt a transparent plastic structure, so that the state of the brain tissue outside the expansion piece 1 can be easily observed during the operation.
所述控制器2的作用是对扩张片1的多层卷状圆筒结构的直径和扩张量进行控制,可采用多种方式实现该功能,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。如图1、图2和图4所示,给出了一种控制器2的具体实施方式,所述控制器2整体呈“L”形,包括互相垂直的固定部20和手柄部21。The function of the controller 2 is to control the diameter and expansion amount of the multi-layer roll-shaped cylindrical structure of the expansion piece 1. This function can be achieved in a variety of ways, and all should be considered without departing from the concept of the present invention. belong to the protection scope of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, a specific implementation of a controller 2 is provided. The controller 2 is overall "L" shaped and includes a fixed portion 20 and a handle portion 21 that are perpendicular to each other.
所述固定部20沿扩张片1的外侧边11设置,包括与扩张片1高度一致的长条形外侧板22和内侧板23。从水平截面观察,所述外侧板22和内侧板23具有和扩张片1第一形态时外圈相近的弧度,从而使本装置在水平截面上尽量接近圆形。所述外侧板22和内侧板23的上、下两端连接闭合,中间形成窄缝24。所述扩张片1的外侧边11与控制器2外侧板22的侧边连接固定,从而对扩张片1的外侧边11进行固定(也可采用卡装等可拆装固定方式,以便于装置的组合或拆解)。同时,所述扩张片1的外圈(即绕制时由外向内的第一圈)从窄缝24中穿过,其余部分在内部继续卷制形成桶状。作为另一种实施方式,也可以将扩张片1的外2圈或多圈从窄缝24中穿过并绕制成桶状,如此设置可以使第二形态可以有2圈或多圈结构组成,其作用在于,可以提升扩张片1的扩张强度,或在保持扩张强度不变的前提下减少扩张片1的厚度。所述控制器2外侧板22上沿垂直于扩张片1外圈平面的方向设有通孔221,所述通孔221内设有压块28,压块28可在通孔221中内外移动,从而实现压紧或释放固定部20窄缝24中的扩张片1。具体的,当向压块28施加向内的压力时,压块28沿通孔221向内移动,将窄缝24中的扩张片1的第一圈压紧在控制器2的内侧板23上,从而实现了对扩张片1的受控扩张及限位固定。The fixing part 20 is provided along the outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1 and includes a long outer side plate 22 and an inner side plate 23 that are the same height as the expansion piece 1 . Viewed from a horizontal cross-section, the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 have a curvature similar to the outer ring of the expansion piece 1 in the first form, so that the device is as close to a circle as possible in the horizontal cross-section. The upper and lower ends of the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 are connected and closed, and a narrow slit 24 is formed in the middle. The outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1 is connected and fixed with the side edge of the outer plate 22 of the controller 2, thereby fixing the outer edge 11 of the expansion piece 1 (removable fixing methods such as clamping can also be used to facilitate assembly or disassembly of the device). At the same time, the outer ring of the expansion sheet 1 (ie, the first ring from the outside to the inside during winding) passes through the narrow slit 24, and the remaining part is continued to be rolled inside to form a barrel shape. As another embodiment, the outer two or more turns of the expansion sheet 1 can also be passed through the narrow slit 24 and wound into a barrel shape. Such an arrangement can make the second form consist of two or more turns. , its function is to increase the expansion strength of the expansion piece 1 or reduce the thickness of the expansion piece 1 while maintaining the expansion strength. The outer plate 22 of the controller 2 is provided with a through hole 221 in a direction perpendicular to the outer ring plane of the expansion piece 1. A pressure block 28 is provided in the through hole 221, and the pressure block 28 can move inside and outside the through hole 221. Thereby, the expansion piece 1 in the narrow slit 24 of the fixing part 20 is compressed or released. Specifically, when inward pressure is applied to the pressure block 28, the pressure block 28 moves inward along the through hole 221, pressing the first ring of the expansion piece 1 in the narrow slit 24 against the inner plate 23 of the controller 2. , thereby achieving controlled expansion and limiting fixation of the expansion piece 1.
如图4、图7和图8所示,所述手柄部21位于固定部上端,沿垂直于固定部的方向远离扩张片1向外设置,主要作用是便于本装置的手持、定位及操作使用,同时配合压块28实现对扩张片1的限位功能。所述手柄部21上设有操作杆25,所述操作杆25可绕转轴26转动,与手柄部21共同构成“X”形剪刀状运动结构。所述操作杆25的操作端252与手柄部21平行设置,具有挤压和释放两种位置。当操作杆25处于挤压位置时,操作端252与手柄部21对齐并锁定,供操作者手持或固定,此时操作杆25的动作端251与压块28接触并产生足够的压力,实现压块28对扩张片1的固定;当操作杆25处于释放位置时,操作端252向上抬起,操作杆25的动作端251与压块28分离,进而压块28释放扩张片1。如图8所示,作为一种具体的实施方式,操作杆25的端部设有凸起253,手柄部21的端部相应位置设有与凸起253匹配的两个或多个凹槽211,通过凸起253与不同的凹槽211之间的配合,可以起到对操作端252与手柄部21处于不同位置的定位作用。As shown in Figures 4, 7 and 8, the handle part 21 is located at the upper end of the fixed part and is arranged outward away from the expansion piece 1 in a direction perpendicular to the fixed part. Its main function is to facilitate the holding, positioning and operation of the device. , and at the same time cooperate with the pressing block 28 to realize the limiting function of the expansion piece 1. The handle portion 21 is provided with an operating lever 25. The operating lever 25 can rotate around the rotating shaft 26, and together with the handle portion 21, form an "X"-shaped scissor-like motion structure. The operating end 252 of the operating lever 25 is arranged parallel to the handle portion 21 and has two positions: squeeze and release. When the operating rod 25 is in the squeeze position, the operating end 252 is aligned and locked with the handle portion 21 for the operator to hold or fix. At this time, the action end 251 of the operating rod 25 contacts the pressing block 28 and generates sufficient pressure to achieve pressing. Block 28 fixes the expansion piece 1; when the operating lever 25 is in the release position, the operating end 252 lifts upward, the action end 251 of the operating lever 25 separates from the pressing block 28, and the pressing block 28 releases the expanding piece 1. As shown in Figure 8, as a specific implementation, the end of the operating lever 25 is provided with a protrusion 253, and the end of the handle portion 21 is provided with two or more grooves 211 matching the protrusion 253 at corresponding positions. , through the cooperation between the protrusion 253 and different grooves 211, the operating end 252 and the handle portion 21 can be positioned at different positions.
如图2、图5和图6所示,所述颅脑管腔无级调节扩张装置还包括设置在圆筒状扩张片1中的管鞘3,所述管鞘3的上部设有漏斗状的注射器接口31,管鞘3的下部与注射器接口31同轴设有与扩张片1高度一致的管鞘本体32。所述管鞘本体32的直径与扩张片1在第一形态时的圆筒内部空间直径一致,所述管鞘本体32内部设有与注射器接口31连通且上下贯通的通孔35。所述管鞘3内部还设有硬芯4,硬芯4的上部呈锥状结构,与注射器接口31的内部空间结构一致;下部为圆柱形实芯,直径与管鞘3通孔35的直径一致。As shown in Figures 2, 5 and 6, the cranial lumen stepless adjustment expansion device also includes a sheath 3 arranged in the cylindrical expansion piece 1. The upper part of the sheath 3 is provided with a funnel-shaped There is a syringe interface 31, and a sheath body 32 with the same height as the expansion piece 1 is disposed coaxially with the lower part of the sheath 3 and the syringe interface 31. The diameter of the sheath body 32 is consistent with the diameter of the cylindrical internal space of the expansion piece 1 in the first form. The sheath body 32 is provided with a through hole 35 that communicates with the syringe interface 31 and penetrates up and down. There is also a hard core 4 inside the sheath 3. The upper part of the hard core 4 has a cone-shaped structure, which is consistent with the internal spatial structure of the syringe interface 31; the lower part is a cylindrical solid core, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the through hole 35 of the sheath 3. consistent.
如图2所示,所述管鞘3的底部结构为圆弧形或锥台形,所述硬芯4的底部结构为圆弧形或半圆球形,其作用在于,当扩张片1为第一形态时,所述多层卷制形成的扩张片1的底部、管鞘3的底部和硬芯4的底部之间通过配合,共同形成钝圆形的底部结构,从而减小本装置在进行插入操作时对脑组织造成的损伤。(在说明书附图中,为清楚展示扩张片1的卷状结构,扩张片1的厚度和多层结构之间的间距较大。在实际应用中,扩张片1厚度将会很薄,而且卷制成型后各层之间紧密贴合,几乎不存在间距,因此扩张片1在第一形态时可以与管鞘3和硬芯4的底部共同形成钝圆形结构。)As shown in Figure 2, the bottom structure of the sheath 3 is arc-shaped or frustum-shaped, and the bottom structure of the hard core 4 is arc-shaped or hemispherical. Its function is that when the expansion piece 1 is in the first form When the multi-layer rolled expansion piece 1 is formed, the bottom of the sheath 3 and the bottom of the hard core 4 cooperate to form an obtuse bottom structure, thereby reducing the difficulty of the device during the insertion operation. damage to brain tissue. (In the drawings of the description, in order to clearly show the rolled structure of the expansion sheet 1, the thickness of the expansion sheet 1 and the spacing between the multi-layer structure are larger. In actual applications, the thickness of the expansion sheet 1 will be very thin, and the thickness of the expansion sheet 1 will be very thin. After molding, the layers are closely adhered to each other, and there is almost no gap. Therefore, in the first form, the expansion piece 1 can form an obtuse circular structure together with the bottom of the sheath 3 and the hard core 4.)
如图2、图3所示,所述所述扩张片1沿内侧边12的方向设有长条状的凸起13,所述凸起13的高度大于固定部20窄缝24的宽度,以避免扩张片1的内侧边12从固定部20的窄缝24中脱离,对患者造成意外伤害。作为一种优选的实施方式,所述设置在扩张片1内侧边12处的凸起13的截面形状为外大内小的倒梯形结构,所述管鞘3的管鞘本体32上设有与凸起13配合使用的卡槽33。在扩张片1的第一形态下,所述管鞘3的卡槽33可以自上而下插入凸起13,从而使管鞘3与扩张片1的内侧边12结合为一体。该结构的作用在于,当扩张片1由第一形态扩张为第二状态时,由于管鞘3与扩张片1已经结合,可通过手动旋转管鞘3实现扩张片1的可控扩张,从而使扩张片1的扩张操作变得更加简单和安全。同时,所述管鞘3的注射器接口31外侧设有竖直向下的定位栓34;所述手柄部21上设有与定位栓34配合使用的定位孔29,在扩张片1的扩张过程中,操作者随时可以将定位栓34插入定位孔29,从而中止扩张片1的扩张过程,使本装置的使用更加灵活方便。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the expansion piece 1 is provided with a long protrusion 13 along the direction of the inner edge 12. The height of the protrusion 13 is greater than the width of the narrow slit 24 of the fixing portion 20. This is to prevent the inner edge 12 of the expansion piece 1 from detaching from the narrow slit 24 of the fixing part 20 and causing accidental injury to the patient. As a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 13 provided at the inner edge 12 of the expansion piece 1 is an inverted trapezoidal structure with a large outside and a small inside. The sheath body 32 of the sheath 3 is provided with The card slot 33 is used in conjunction with the protrusion 13 . In the first form of the expansion piece 1 , the protrusion 13 can be inserted into the slot 33 of the sheath 3 from top to bottom, so that the sheath 3 and the inner side 12 of the expansion piece 1 are integrated into one body. The function of this structure is that when the expansion piece 1 expands from the first state to the second state, since the sheath 3 and the expansion piece 1 have been combined, the expansion piece 1 can be controlled to expand by manually rotating the sheath 3, so that the expansion piece 1 can be expanded in a controlled manner. The expansion operation of expansion piece 1 becomes simpler and safer. At the same time, the outside of the syringe interface 31 of the sheath 3 is provided with a vertically downward positioning plug 34; the handle portion 21 is provided with a positioning hole 29 used in conjunction with the positioning plug 34. During the expansion process of the expansion piece 1 , the operator can insert the positioning bolt 34 into the positioning hole 29 at any time, thereby stopping the expansion process of the expansion piece 1, making the use of the device more flexible and convenient.
本装置的使用步骤如下:第一步,按照图1的结构组装本装置,此时扩张片1为第一形态;第二步,将本装置插入脑组织,插入过程中可拔出硬芯4并插入注射器针头,进行吸取深层积液等操作;第三步,向上抬起操作杆25的操作端252,使操作杆25的动作端251与压块28分离,进而释放扩张片1;第四步,首先向上稍微提起管鞘3,使管鞘3的定位栓34与手柄部21的定位孔29分离,然后手工旋转管鞘3,带动扩张片1逐步扩张;第五步,待扩张片1扩张至合适大小时,压下操作杆25,锁定扩张片1,并完全拔出管鞘3,此时扩张片1所围合形成的圆筒状空间,即为建立的手术通道空间;第六步,手术结束后,插回管鞘3,释放操作杆25的动作端251,手工反方向旋转管鞘3,使扩张片1逐渐卷曲,待收拢至合适位置或第一形态后,即可拔出本装置;通过采用先卷曲收拢再拔出的方式,可以进一步减小对脑组织造成的损伤。待手术结束后,可以对本装置进行分解和消毒,供下次重复使用。The steps to use this device are as follows: first, assemble the device according to the structure of Figure 1, with the expansion piece 1 in the first form; second, insert the device into the brain tissue, and the hard core 4 can be pulled out during the insertion process And insert the syringe needle to suck deep fluid accumulation and other operations; the third step, lift the operating end 252 of the operating rod 25 upward to separate the operating end 251 of the operating rod 25 from the pressing block 28, and then release the expansion piece 1; fourth Step 1: First, lift up the sheath 3 slightly to separate the positioning plug 34 of the sheath 3 from the positioning hole 29 of the handle 21, and then manually rotate the sheath 3 to drive the expansion piece 1 to gradually expand; the fifth step is to wait for the expansion piece 1 When the expansion reaches the appropriate size, press the operating lever 25, lock the expansion piece 1, and completely pull out the sheath 3. At this time, the cylindrical space formed by the expansion piece 1 is the established surgical channel space; sixth Step, after the operation is completed, reinsert the sheath 3, release the action end 251 of the operating lever 25, manually rotate the sheath 3 in the opposite direction, so that the expansion piece 1 is gradually curled, and can be pulled out after it is gathered to a suitable position or first shape. Remove the device; by first curling it up and then pulling it out, the damage to the brain tissue can be further reduced. After the operation is completed, the device can be disassembled and sterilized for reuse next time.
本实施例中所述的“卷曲圈数”,并未限定必须是整数。例如,卷曲圈数可以为2.5圈,即表示卷曲圈数为两圈半。The "number of curling turns" described in this embodiment is not limited to an integer. For example, the number of crimp turns can be 2.5 turns, which means the number of crimp turns is two and a half turns.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be concluded that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of them should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
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CN114521928A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-24 | 上海市第六人民医院 | Diameter-variable neuroendoscopy operation working channel |
CN115068022B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-05-07 | 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心 | Brain tissue expansion kit for craniocerebral operation |
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