CN108448807B - Flywheel energy storage system - Google Patents
Flywheel energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108448807B CN108448807B CN201810236287.6A CN201810236287A CN108448807B CN 108448807 B CN108448807 B CN 108448807B CN 201810236287 A CN201810236287 A CN 201810236287A CN 108448807 B CN108448807 B CN 108448807B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
- H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
Flywheel energy storage system belongs to the motor field, in order to solve current flywheel energy storage device output voltage single and charge and the problem that can not go on simultaneously of discharging. When the permanent magnet synchronous motor is in an electric state, the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor inputs electric energy through the input inverter; in a power generation state, the inertia flywheel provides mechanical energy for the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the inertia flywheel and a rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor rotate synchronously; the stator of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises i input stators and j output stators; the rotor comprises i + j +1 rotor disks or i + j-1 rotor disks; the stator and the rotor disc are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction; the yoke plate is disc-shaped, the permanent magnet is axially magnetized, and the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet are fixed on the yoke plate alternately; the input inverter and the output rectifier are simultaneously connected with the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor. The beneficial effects are that output voltage is unlimited, and charge and discharge can be carried out simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motors.
Background
The flywheel energy storage system stores energy by utilizing a flywheel rotating at a high speed, and realizes the mutual conversion of mechanical energy and electric energy through an electromechanical energy conversion device. Based on the characteristics of high power density, large energy density, high conversion efficiency between electric energy and mechanical energy, high charging speed, maintenance-free realization, good cost performance ratio and the like, the high-speed flywheel has wide application prospect in the fields of electric automobiles, aerospace, power grid peak shaving, uninterrupted power supply of wind power generation systems, military and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional high-speed flywheel energy storage device, which mainly includes a flywheel a6, a vacuum chamber a7, a magnetic bearing a1, a brushless motor stator a4, a brushless motor rotor a5, a housing A3, a connection terminal a2, and the like, wherein the brushless motor stator a4, the brushless motor rotor a5, and the connection terminal a2 form a motor.
The high-speed flywheel energy storage device is provided with a built-in motor which can operate in a motor state and can also operate in a generator state. During charging, it acts as a motor to accelerate flywheel a 6; when discharging, it is used as a generator to supply power to the external equipment, and the rotating speed of the flywheel A6 is continuously reduced; while when flywheel a6 is idle, the entire device operates with minimal losses.
However, the flywheel energy storage device has the following disadvantages: because the charging and the discharging share one set of motor and inverter, the output voltage during the discharging is limited by the input voltage during the charging, the design can not be random, and the application of the energy storage device in the occasions of high power, high voltage and pulse output is limited. In addition, the flywheel energy storage device only has one output voltage grade and cannot be applied to occasions requiring multiple voltage grades. Meanwhile, the flywheel energy storage device cannot be charged and discharged at the same time, so that the further improvement of the power density and the energy density of the flywheel energy storage device is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the output voltage of the existing flywheel energy storage device is single and the charging and discharging can not be carried out simultaneously, and provides four flywheel energy storage systems.
The first flywheel energy storage system comprises an input inverter, an output rectifier, an axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor and an inertia flywheel;
In the electric state, the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor inputs electric energy through an input inverter and converts the electric energy into mechanical energy of an inertia flywheel;
In a power generation state, the inertial flywheel provides mechanical energy for the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor and outputs electric energy through the output rectifier;
The inertial flywheel and a rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor rotate synchronously;
The axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor;
The stators comprise i input stators and j output stators; i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and j is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;
The rotor comprises i + j +1 rotor disks or i + j-1 rotor disks;
The stator and the rotor disc are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction;
Each rotor disk comprises a yoke plate and a plurality of permanent magnets; the yoke plate is disc-shaped, the permanent magnet is axially magnetized, and the N poles and the S poles of the permanent magnet are alternately arranged and fixed on the yoke plate in sequence along the circumferential direction;
The output end of the input inverter is connected with an output wire of an input stator winding of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor: the input end of the output rectifier is connected with an output stator winding outgoing line of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The second flywheel energy storage system comprises an input inverter, an input motor, an output rectifier, an output generator and an inertia flywheel;
The output end of the input inverter is connected with a stator winding outgoing line of the input motor, and the input end of the output rectifier is connected with a stator winding outgoing line of the output generator;
The output generator is provided with j sets of stator windings, wherein j is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1;
The number of phases of the output motor winding is more than or equal to the number of phases of the input motor winding;
The input motor is coaxially connected with the output generator;
The inertia flywheel is sleeved on the outer circumference of the output generator or the inertia flywheel 4 is coaxially connected with the rotor of the output generator.
The third flywheel energy storage system comprises an input inverter, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, 1+ j output rectifiers and an inertia flywheel;
The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with 1+ j sets of alternating current windings with the same phase number, j is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1, the first set of windings are in star connection, the output end of an input inverter is connected with the outgoing line of the first set of windings, the tail ends of the other j sets of windings are connected with the head ends of the corresponding phases of the first set of windings after the other j sets of windings are connected in series in sequence, and 1+ j output rectifiers are respectively connected with the outgoing line of each series connection point and the outgoing line of the head end of the last set of windings;
The inertia flywheel is sleeved on the outer circumference of the permanent magnet synchronous motor or the inertia flywheel is coaxially connected with the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The fourth flywheel energy storage system comprises an input inverter, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, an output rectifier and an inertia flywheel;
The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with a set of input alternating current windings and j sets of output alternating current windings, j is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1, the output end of an input inverter is connected with the outgoing line of the input windings, and an output rectifier is connected with the outgoing line of the j sets of output alternating current windings; the number of phases of the output winding is more than or equal to that of the input winding;
The inertia flywheel is sleeved on the outer circumference of the permanent magnet synchronous motor or the inertia flywheel is coaxially connected with the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The invention has the advantages that when the four flywheel energy storage systems are discharged, the output voltage is not limited by the input voltage during charging, the design can be random, and the flywheel energy storage system is suitable for the application of high-power, high-voltage and pulse output occasions; the four flywheel energy storage systems have multiple output voltage levels and can be suitable for occasions needing multiple voltage levels; the charging and discharging of the four flywheel energy storage systems can be carried out simultaneously, so that the power density, the energy density and the reliability of the flywheel energy storage systems are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional high-speed flywheel energy storage device, in which a6 is a flywheel, a7 is a vacuum chamber, a1 is a magnetic bearing, a4 is a brushless motor stator, a5 is a brushless motor rotor, A3 is a housing, and a2 is a connection terminal;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flywheel energy storage system according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator and a rotor in the first embodiment, in which 2-1 is a two-sided rotor and 2-2 is a middle rotor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a two-sided rotor according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an interrotor according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a stator winding according to one embodiment;
Fig. 7 is an input/output circuit diagram of a flywheel energy storage system according to a first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 7, and the first flywheel energy storage system according to the present embodiment includes an input inverter, an output rectifier, an axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2, and an inertial flywheel 4;
In the electric state, the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 inputs electric energy through an input inverter and converts the electric energy into mechanical energy of an inertia flywheel 4;
In a power generation state, the inertial flywheel 4 provides mechanical energy for the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 and outputs electric energy through the output rectifier;
The inertial flywheel 4 and a rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor rotate synchronously;
The axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 comprises a stator and a rotor;
The stators include i input stators 2-3 and j output stators 2-4; i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and j is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;
The rotor comprises i + j +1 rotor disks or i + j-1 rotor disks;
The stator and the rotor disc are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction;
Each rotor disk comprises a yoke plate 2-1-1 and a plurality of permanent magnets 2-1-2; the yoke plate 2-1-1 is disc-shaped, the permanent magnet 2-1-2 is fan-shaped or trapezoid, the permanent magnet 2-1-2 is axially magnetized, and the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet 2-1-2 are alternately arranged and fixed on the yoke plate 2-1-1 in sequence along the circumferential direction;
The output end of the input inverter is connected with an outgoing line of an input stator winding of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2: the input end of the output rectifier is connected with an output stator winding outgoing line of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2.
The input stator 2-3 is an iron core stator or an iron core-free stator; the output stators 2-4 are iron-cored and slotless stators or iron-cored stators.
The inertia flywheel 4 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 or further comprises a coupler 3; and the inertia flywheel 4 is connected with the rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 through the coupler 3.
Also comprises a machine shell 1; the shell 1 is used for protecting the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2.
In the present embodiment, the rotors are classified into two types of two-sided rotors 2-1 and a middle rotor 2-2, the permanent magnets 2-1-2 of the two-sided rotors 2-1 are located on one side of the yoke plate 2-1-1, and the permanent magnets 2-1-2 of the middle rotor 2-2 are located on both sides of the yoke plate 2-1-1;
In the embodiment, the stator is composed of 1 input stator 2-3 and 1 output stator 2-4, and the outgoing line of the winding of the 1 output stator 2-4 is connected with the output rectifier; the rotor is composed of 3 rotor disks, the phase number of the input stator winding of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 is three phases, and the phase number of the output stator winding is six phases. The output rectifier is an uncontrollable rectifier or a controllable rectifier.
In the present embodiment, the input/output circuit diagram of the flywheel energy storage system is shown in fig. 7, and fig. 7 includes an a-phase input stator winding W aB-phase input stator winding W bC-phase input stator winding W cCapacitor C1, capacitor C2 and first-phase output stator winding W 1To sixth phase output stator winding W 6Diodes D1 through D18 and igbts V1 through V6;
The A-phase input stator winding W aOne end of the stator winding W is simultaneously input with the phase B bAnd a C-phase input stator winding W cIs connected to one end of the A-phase input stator winding W aThe other end of the diode D is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D17, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V1, the cathode of the diode D18 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V4; b-phase input stator winding W bThe other end of the diode D is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D15, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V3, the cathode of the diode D16 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V6; c-phase input stator winding W cThe other end of the diode D is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D13, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V5, the cathode of the diode D14 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V2;
One end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the cathode of the diode D17, the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V1, the cathode of the diode D15, the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V3, the cathode of the diode D13 and the collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V5 at the same time, and the common end of the capacitor C1 is an input end of the flywheel energy storage system; the other end of the capacitor C1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode D18, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V4, the anode of the diode D16, the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V6, the anode of the diode D14 and the emitter of the insulated gate bipolar transistor V2, and the common end of the capacitor C1 is the other input end of the flywheel energy storage system;
First phase output stator winding W 1Is simultaneously output with the second phase stator winding W 2To the sixth phase output stator winding W 6Is connected to the first phase output stator winding W 1And the other end of the second phase output stator winding W is connected to both the anode of the diode D7 and the cathode of the diode D1 2Is connected to both the anode of diode D8 and the cathode of diode D2, and outputs a third phase stator winding W 3And the other end thereof is connected to both the anode of the diode D9 and the cathode of the diode D3, and the fourth-phase output stator winding W 4And the other end thereof is connected to both the anode of the diode D10 and the cathode of the diode D4, and the fifth-phase output stator winding W 5And the other end thereof is connected to both the anode of the diode D11 and the cathode of the diode D5, and the sixth-phase output stator winding W 6The other end of the diode is connected with the anode of the diode D12 and the cathode of the diode D6;
One end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7, the cathode of the diode D8, the cathode of the diode D9, the cathode of the diode D10, the cathode of the diode D11 and the cathode of the diode D12 at the same time, and the common end of the capacitor C2 is an output end of the flywheel energy storage system; the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2, the anode of the diode D3, the anode of the diode D4, the anode of the diode D5, and the anode of the diode D6, and the common end of the capacitor C2 is the other output end of the flywheel energy storage system.
The permanent magnets 2-1-2 in the rotor rotate between the three-phase input winding and the six-phase output winding, so that the problems that the output voltage of the conventional flywheel energy storage device is single and the charging and discharging cannot be carried out simultaneously are solved.
The second embodiment is as follows: the second flywheel energy storage system of the present embodiment includes an input inverter, an input motor, an output rectifier, an output generator, and an inertia flywheel 4;
The output end of the input inverter is connected with a stator winding outgoing line of the input motor, and the input end of the output rectifier is connected with a stator winding outgoing line of the output generator;
The output generator is provided with j sets of stator windings, wherein j is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1;
The number of phases of the output motor winding is more than or equal to the number of phases of the input motor winding;
The input motor is coaxially connected with the output generator;
The inertia flywheel 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the output generator or the inertia flywheel 4 is coaxially connected with the rotor of the output generator.
In this embodiment, the output rectifier is an uncontrollable rectifier or a controllable rectifier.
The third concrete implementation mode: the third flywheel energy storage system in the embodiment includes an input inverter, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, 1+ j output rectifiers, and an inertial flywheel 4;
The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with 1+ j sets of alternating current windings with the same phase number, j is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1, the first set of windings are in star connection, the output end of an input inverter is connected with the outgoing line of the first set of windings, the tail ends of the other j sets of windings are connected with the head ends of the corresponding phases of the first set of windings after the other j sets of windings are connected in series in sequence, and 1+ j output rectifiers are respectively connected with the outgoing line of each series connection point and the outgoing line of the head end of the last set of windings;
The inertia flywheel 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the permanent magnet synchronous motor or the inertia flywheel 4 is coaxially connected with a rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In this embodiment, the output rectifier is an uncontrollable rectifier or a controllable rectifier.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the fourth flywheel energy storage system described in the present embodiment includes an input inverter, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, an output rectifier, and an inertial flywheel 4;
The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with a set of input alternating current windings and j sets of output alternating current windings, j is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1, the output end of an input inverter is connected with the outgoing line of the input windings, and an output rectifier is connected with the outgoing line of the j sets of output alternating current windings; the number of phases of the output winding is more than or equal to that of the input winding;
The inertia flywheel 4 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the permanent magnet synchronous motor or the inertia flywheel 4 is coaxially connected with a rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In this embodiment, the output rectifier is an uncontrollable rectifier or a controllable rectifier.
Claims (7)
1. A flywheel energy storage system is characterized by comprising an input inverter, an output rectifier, an axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) and an inertia flywheel (4);
In the electric state, the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) inputs electric energy through an input inverter and converts the electric energy into mechanical energy of an inertia flywheel (4);
In a power generation state, the inertial flywheel (4) provides mechanical energy for the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) and outputs electric energy through the output rectifier;
The inertia flywheel (4) and a rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor rotate synchronously;
The axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) comprises a stator and a rotor;
The stators comprise i input stators (2-3) and j output stators (2-4); i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and j is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; the number of phases of the winding of the output stator (2-4) is more than or equal to that of the winding of the input stator (2-3);
The rotor comprises i + j +1 rotor disks or i + j-1 rotor disks;
The stator and the rotor disc are sequentially arranged at intervals along the axial direction;
Each rotor disk comprises a yoke plate (2-1-1) and a plurality of permanent magnets (2-1-2); the yoke plate (2-1-1) is disc-shaped, the permanent magnet (2-1-2) is axially magnetized, and the N poles and the S poles of the permanent magnet (2-1-2) are alternately arranged and fixed on the yoke plate (2-1-1) in sequence along the circumferential direction;
The output end of the input inverter is connected with an outgoing line of an input stator winding of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2): the input end of the output rectifier is connected with an output stator winding outgoing line of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2).
2. The flywheel energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of input stator winding phases of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) is greater than or equal to 3; the number of output stator winding phases of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) is more than or equal to 3.
3. A flywheel energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the input stator (2-3) is a cored stator or a coreless stator; the output stators (2-4) are iron-cored and slotless stators or iron-cored and slotless stators.
4. The flywheel energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertia flywheel (4) is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2).
5. A flywheel energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling (3);
The inertia flywheel (4) is connected with the rotor of the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2) through the coupler (3).
6. A flywheel energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a housing (1);
The shell (1) is used for protecting the axial magnetic field multiple stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (2).
7. The flywheel energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the output rectifier is an uncontrollable rectifier or a controllable rectifier.
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| CN201810236287.6A CN108448807B (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2018-03-21 | Flywheel energy storage system |
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| CN201810236287.6A CN108448807B (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2018-03-21 | Flywheel energy storage system |
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| CN108448807B true CN108448807B (en) | 2020-07-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110212664A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-09-06 | 曾庆维 | Adjustable economical inertia kinetic energy output system and its control method |
| CN110601482B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2022-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Axial magnetic field flywheel pulse synchronous generator system |
| CN110635595B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-05-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Outer rotor flywheel pulse synchronous generator system |
| CN110635614B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-07-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Series voltage compensation type flywheel pulse generator system |
| CN110545026A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | stator excitation flywheel pulse induction generator system |
| CN110504789B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modular flywheel pulse generator system |
| CN110492665B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-02-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flywheel pulse synchronous generator system with embedded permanent magnet rotor |
| CN116545165B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-03 | 华驰动能(北京)科技有限公司 | Energy storage flywheel and energy storage device |
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| US6897587B1 (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2005-05-24 | Calnetix | Energy storage flywheel with minimum power magnetic bearings and motor/generator |
| CN101383548B (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-04-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi lateral compensation type high power density electromechanical energy convertor |
| CN106411077B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-02-26 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of disc type dual-redundancy structure permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control method |
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