CN108446220A - A kind of generation method and device of test case - Google Patents
A kind of generation method and device of test case Download PDFInfo
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- CN108446220A CN108446220A CN201810175548.8A CN201810175548A CN108446220A CN 108446220 A CN108446220 A CN 108446220A CN 201810175548 A CN201810175548 A CN 201810175548A CN 108446220 A CN108446220 A CN 108446220A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3668—Software testing
- G06F11/3672—Test management
- G06F11/3684—Test management for test design, e.g. generating new test cases
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of generation method of test case and device, the method includes：Input the state transformational relation of system under test (SUT)；Wherein, the state transformational relation includes the switching motion between the various states and state of the system；According to the state transformational relation of the system, transduction pathway between a plurality of state is found using ergodic algorithm；For transduction pathway between every bar state, determine whether the parameter in the switching motion between the state between the bar state involved by transduction pathway includes preset parameter combination situation；If so, filtering out transduction pathway between the bar state；Transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case.Using present invention can ensure that reduce test case quantity while testing efficiency, reduce the cost that software test executes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to software testing technology fields, particularly relate to a kind of generation method and device of test case.
Background technology
Test case (test case) in soft project be by tester for determine application or software systems whether
The one group of condition or variable correctly to work.Design test case can be very time-consuming work for test author.
Common methods for design test case are hand-codings to be ready for and anticipated output, and are made about test frame
Decision of the function of being provided if appropriate for selected objects.
To improve the working efficiency of tester, there are a kind of model-based testing (MBT) method, the general behaviour of MBT at present
It is establish some form of model on the basis of system requirements or stipulations document first as flow, specification of a model system
All potential behaviors are intended to.Next the selection requirement of definition test case is needed, test case stipulations are formed；Write algorithm
It is applied on model to generate test case.Then in system under test (SUT) (SUT, System Under Test) environment
All test cases are really executed, can be tested come automated execution using test script, finally obtain test result.
Although compared to test case script is write, in this way, test case more can be easily generated；But
The method problem is encountered that, there are excessive redundancy use-case in the use-case of generation, the cost that software test executes is caused to increase.
Invention content
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of generation method and device of test case, ensure test effect
Reduce test case quantity while rate, reduces the cost that software test executes.
A kind of generation method of test case is provided based on the above-mentioned purpose present invention, including：
Input the state transformational relation of system under test (SUT)；Wherein, the state transformational relation includes the various of the system
Switching motion between state and state；
According to the state transformational relation of the system, transduction pathway between a plurality of state is found using ergodic algorithm；
For transduction pathway between every bar state, the conversion between state between determining the bar state involved by transduction pathway is dynamic
When whether the parameter in work includes preset parameter combination situation, transduction pathway between the bar state is filtered out；
Transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case.
Wherein, the state transformational relation of the input system under test (SUT), specifically includes：
The state transformational relation of system under test (SUT) is inputted in a manner of patterned based on the model of conversion：The system it is various
State indicates that the switching motion between state is indicated with the camber line between circular node with circular node.
Wherein, the ergodic algorithm is specially：Breadth first traversal algorithm or depth-first traversal algorithm.
Wherein, the preset parameter combination situation is specially：Preset parameter combinations of pairs situation.
Wherein, the switching motion between the state includes：Logic unit token, or the sequence by multiple logic unit token
Arrange the function of composition；And
It is described that transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case, it specifically includes：
By the side corresponding to token included in the switching motion between the state involved by transduction pathway between the state
Method, sequence turn to extensible markup language document；
Using XML parser by the file generated test case.
The present invention also provides a kind of generating means of test case, including：
State transformational relation input module, the state transformational relation for inputting system under test (SUT)；Wherein, the state conversion
Relationship includes the switching motion between the various states and state of the system；
Traversal path module finds a plurality of state for the state transformational relation according to the system using ergodic algorithm
Between transduction pathway；
Parameter combination screening module is used for for transduction pathway between every bar state, the transduction pathway between determining the bar state
When whether the parameter in switching motion between involved state includes preset parameter combination situation, filter out between the bar state
Transduction pathway；
Test cases technology module, for transduction pathway between the state filtered out to be generated corresponding test case.
In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, in the state transformational relation according to the system, looked for using ergodic algorithm
To after transduction pathway between a plurality of state, transduction pathway between the state comprising preset parameter combination situation is therefrom filtered out；In turn,
Transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case again.Compared to the various combination next life by all parameters
At the method for test case, test case quantity is greatly reduced, reduces the cost that software test executes；Simultaneously as software
In mistake it is most of be all caused by single parameter, it is general preferably at most to be triggered by two parametric interactions, therefore,
The test case that transduction pathway is generated between the state that the combination of two parameters just filters out, ensures false discovery rate, i.e., enough
Ensure testing efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of generation method flow chart of test case provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of the state transformational relation of system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of internal structure block diagram of the generating means of test case provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that when we claim element to be " connected " or " coupling
Connect " to another element when, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or there may also be intermediary elements.In addition, this
In " connection " or " coupling " that uses may include being wirelessly connected or wireless coupling.Wording "and/or" used herein includes one
The whole or any cell of a or more associated list items and all combination.
It should be noted that all statements for using " first " and " second " are for differentiation two in the embodiment of the present invention
The non-equal entity of a same names or non-equal parameter, it is seen that " first " " second " only for the convenience of statement, does not answer
It is interpreted as the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention, subsequent embodiment no longer illustrates this one by one.
The present inventor analyzes existing method, finds MBT when generating test case, common ideal feelings
It is that all hardware configurations being likely to occur and parameter value are all tested one time under condition；But thus caused by test case
Exponentially property explosion increases quantity, and the cost that software test executes is caused to increase.However, it was found by the inventors of the present invention that software
In mistake it is most of be all caused by single parameter, it is general preferably at most to be triggered, three by two parametric interactions
Or three or more situations almost without.Therefore, it in technical scheme of the present invention, is used using parameter combination mode to generate test
Example more preferably generates test case, combination or the parameter matched are mutual using combinations of pairs (pair-wise) parameter mode
Effect generates different test cases.In this way, compared to the method for generating test case by the various combinations of all parameters,
Test case quantity is greatly reduced, the cost that software test executes is reduced；Meanwhile also can guarantee false discovery rate, that is, ensure
Testing efficiency.
The technical solution for embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
A kind of generation method of test case provided in an embodiment of the present invention, flow is as shown in Figure 1, include the following steps：
S101：Input the state transformational relation of system under test (SUT).
Model based on conversion is that people are typically the most known types of models, they concentrate on description system in different shapes
Transfer process between state.Occur typically in the form of node and camber line, the state of node on behalf system, camber line represents system
Action or operation.
Finite state machine (FSM, Finite State Machine) is a kind of extremely important model form of expression.Example
Such as, Fig. 2 shows the conversion between a kind of state machine of the state transformational relation of system, including 4 states and 6 states is dynamic
Make.The data model of FSM describes the detailed attributes of each state and switching motion in FSM.Such as Status Name, switching motion
Title etc..
In this step, can the model based on conversion the state transformational relation of system under test (SUT) is inputted in a manner of patterned：
The various states that system under test (SUT) is indicated with circular node indicate the switching motion between state with the camber line between circular node.
Also, the relevant parameter that also can define state, the parameter involved by switching motion between state, the conversion between state
Included logic unit (token) is acted, or the function being made of the sequence of multiple token.Side corresponding to each token
Method (or algorithm) can be encapsulated, is stored in an adapter.
S102：According to the state transformational relation of the system, transduction pathway between a plurality of state is found using ergodic algorithm.
In this step, according to the state transformational relation of the system, road is converted between finding a plurality of state using ergodic algorithm
Diameter；It is, utilizing all executable paths between ergodic algorithm searching state.
Specifically, transduction pathway between breadth first traversal algorithm or depth-first traversal algorithm lookup state can be utilized.
Transduction pathway includes between state：Switching motion between at least two states and state.For example, state machine shown in Fig. 2
In, transduction pathway may include as follows between the state that can be found：
Converted 1 conversion of action of state 1 is converted dynamic to state 3, state 3 to state 2, converted 2 conversion of action of state 2
Make 3 conversions to state 4, converted 4 conversion of action of state 4 is to state 1；
State 1 is converted to act 1 conversion to state 2, converted 6 conversion of action of state 2 to state 1；
Converted 1 conversion of action of state 1 is converted dynamic to state 4, state 4 to state 2, converted 5 conversion of action of state 2
Make 4 conversions to state 1.
S103：Transduction pathway between screening state.
Specifically, for transduction pathway between every bar state, between the state between determining the bar state involved by transduction pathway
Switching motion in parameter whether include preset parameter combination situation when, filter out transduction pathway between the bar state；Otherwise,
Abandon transduction pathway between the bar state.
All it is caused by single parameter since the mistake in software is most of, general is preferably at most by two parameter phase interactions
With and trigger, it is thus preferable to, in order to greatly reduce the quantity of transduction pathway between the state filtered out, preset parameter group
It is only parameter combinations of pairs situation to close situation.That is, the case where being matched by the parameter that two parameters form.For multiple ginsengs
Several combined situations are not included in screening conditions then.
More preferably, after application parameter combined situation is as screening conditions, other screening conditions are may also be combined with, further
Transduction pathway between reduction state.For example, constrained Path length, or limitation initial state.
That is, the quantity for further filtering out involved state is less than transduction pathway between the state of setting value；
Alternatively, further filtering out transduction pathway between the state of starting and the identical state of preset state.
S104：Transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case.
It specifically, can will be included in the switching motion between the state involved by transduction pathway between the state filtered out
Method (or algorithm) corresponding to token, sequence turn to extensible markup language (XML, Extensible Markup
Language) file；Recycle XML parser by the file generated test case.
Embodiment 2
Based on same inventive concept, a kind of generating means of test case provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3,
Including：State transformational relation input module 301, traversal path module 302, parameter combination screening module 303, Test cases technology
Module 304.
Wherein, state transformational relation input module 301 is used to input the state transformational relation of system under test (SUT)；Wherein, described
State transformational relation includes the switching motion between the various states and state of the system；
Specifically, state transformational relation input module 301 inputs tested system based on the model of conversion in a manner of patterned
The state transformational relation of system：The various states of the system indicate that the switching motion between state is with circular node with circular node
Between camber line indicate.
Traversal path module 302 is used for the state transformational relation according to the system, and a plurality of shape is found using ergodic algorithm
Transduction pathway between state.
Specifically, traversal path module 302 utilizes breadth first traversal algorithm according to the state transformational relation of the system
Or depth-first traversal algorithm finds transduction pathway between a plurality of state.
Transduction pathway between every bar state that parameter combination screening module 303 is used to find traversal path module 302,
Determine that the parameter in the switching motion between the state between the bar state involved by transduction pathway includes preset parameter combination situation
When, filter out transduction pathway between the bar state.
Specifically, parameter combination screening module 303 converts transduction pathway between every bar state between determining the bar state
When whether the parameter in the switching motion between state involved by path includes preset parameter combinations of pairs situation, this is filtered out
Transduction pathway between bar state.
Further, parameter combination screening module 303 can also be used to further sieve from transduction pathway between the state filtered out
The quantity of the involved state of choosing is less than transduction pathway between the state of setting value；Alternatively, further the state of screening starting with it is pre-
If transduction pathway between the identical state of state.
Transduction pathway is given birth between the state that Test cases technology module 304 is used to filter out parameter combination screening module 303
At corresponding test case.
Wherein, Test cases technology module 304 can specifically include such as lower unit：
Serialization unit, included by will be in the switching motion between the state involved by transduction pathway between the bar state
Token corresponding to method, sequence turns to extensible markup language document；
Resolution unit, for utilizing XML parser by the file generated test case.
In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, in the state transformational relation according to the system, looked for using ergodic algorithm
To after transduction pathway between a plurality of state, transduction pathway between the state comprising preset parameter combination situation is therefrom filtered out；In turn,
Transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case again.Compared to the various combination next life by all parameters
At the method for test case, test case quantity is greatly reduced, reduces the cost that software test executes；Simultaneously as software
In mistake it is most of be all caused by single parameter, it is general preferably at most to be triggered by two parametric interactions, therefore,
The test case that transduction pathway is generated between the state that the combination of two parameters just filters out, ensures false discovery rate, i.e., enough
Ensure testing efficiency.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that the present invention includes being related to for executing in operation described herein
One or more equipment.These equipment can specially be designed and be manufactured for required purpose, or can also include general
Known device in computer.These equipment have the computer program being stored in it, these computer programs are selectively
Activation or reconstruct.Such computer program can be stored in equipment (for example, computer) readable medium or be stored in
It e-command and is coupled to respectively in any kind of medium of bus suitable for storage, the computer-readable medium includes but not
Be limited to any kind of disk (including floppy disk, hard disk, CD, CD-ROM and magneto-optic disk), ROM (Read-Only Memory, only
Read memory), RAM (Random Access Memory, immediately memory), EPROM (ErasableProgrammable
Read-Only Memory, Erarable Programmable Read only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable
Programmable Read-Only Memory, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash memory, magnetic card or light card
Piece.It is, readable medium includes by any Jie of equipment (for example, computer) storage or transmission information in the form of it can read
Matter.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique be appreciated that can with computer program instructions come realize these structure charts and/or
The combination of each frame and these structure charts and/or the frame in block diagram and/or flow graph in block diagram and/or flow graph.This technology is led
Field technique personnel be appreciated that these computer program instructions can be supplied to all-purpose computer, special purpose computer or other
The processor of programmable data processing method is realized, to pass through the processing of computer or other programmable data processing methods
Device come execute structure chart and/or block diagram and/or flow graph disclosed by the invention frame or multiple frames in specify scheme.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that in the various operations crossed by discussion in the present invention, method, flow
Steps, measures, and schemes can be replaced, changed, combined or be deleted.Further, each with having been crossed by discussion in the present invention
Other steps, measures, and schemes in kind operation, method, flow may also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined or deleted.
Further, in the prior art to have and step, measure, the scheme in various operations, method, flow disclosed in the present invention
It may also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined or deleted.
Those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：The discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under the thinking of the present invention, above example
Or can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, step can be realized with random order, and be existed such as
Many other variations of the different aspect of the upper present invention, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.Therefore, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement for being made etc. should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of generation method of test case, which is characterized in that including：
Input the state transformational relation of system under test (SUT)；Wherein, the state transformational relation includes the various states of the system,
And the switching motion between state；
According to the state transformational relation of the system, transduction pathway between a plurality of state is found using ergodic algorithm；
For transduction pathway between every bar state, in the switching motion between state between determining the bar state involved by transduction pathway
Parameter include preset parameter combination situation when, filter out transduction pathway between the bar state；
Transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described input system under test (SUT) state transformational relation, specifically
Including：
The state transformational relation of system under test (SUT) is inputted in a manner of patterned based on the model of conversion：The various states of the system
It is indicated with circular node, the switching motion between state is indicated with the camber line between circular node.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the ergodic algorithm is specially：Breadth first traversal algorithm
Or depth-first traversal algorithm.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preset parameter combination situation is specially：It is preset
Parameter combinations of pairs situation.
5. according to any methods of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the switching motion between the state includes：Logic
Unit token, or the function that is made of the sequence of multiple logic unit token；And
It is described that transduction pathway between the state filtered out is generated into corresponding test case, it specifically includes：
By the method corresponding to token included in the switching motion between the state involved by transduction pathway between the state,
Sequence turns to extensible markup language document；
Using XML parser by the file generated test case.
6. a kind of generating means of test case, which is characterized in that including：
State transformational relation input module, the state transformational relation for inputting system under test (SUT)；Wherein, the state transformational relation
Include the system various states and state between switching motion；
Traversal path module turns for the state transformational relation according to the system between finding a plurality of state using ergodic algorithm
Change path；
Parameter combination screening module is used for for transduction pathway between every bar state, between determining the bar state involved by transduction pathway
And state between switching motion in parameter when whether including preset parameter combination situation, filter out and convert between the bar state
Path；
Test cases technology module, for transduction pathway between the state filtered out to be generated corresponding test case.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The state transformational relation input module inputs system under test (SUT) specifically for the model based on conversion in a manner of patterned
State transformational relation：The various states of the system indicate that the switching motion between state is between circular node with circular node
Camber line indicate.
8. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The parameter combination screening module is specifically used for, for transduction pathway between every bar state, converting between determining the bar state
When whether the parameter in the switching motion between state involved by path includes preset parameter combinations of pairs situation, this is filtered out
Transduction pathway between bar state.
9. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The traversal path module, for according to the state transformational relation of the system, using breadth first traversal algorithm or
Depth-first traversal algorithm finds transduction pathway between a plurality of state.
10. according to any devices of claim 6-9, which is characterized in that the switching motion packet between the state of the description
It includes：Logic unit token, or the function that is made of the sequence of multiple logic unit token；The Test cases technology module tool
Body includes：
Serialization unit, for will be included in the switching motion between the state involved by transduction pathway between the bar state
Method corresponding to token, sequence turn to extensible markup language document；
Resolution unit, for utilizing XML parser by the file generated test case.
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| CN108446220B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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