CN108445628B - Backlight structure and vehicle-mounted display device - Google Patents
Backlight structure and vehicle-mounted display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108445628B CN108445628B CN201810169204.6A CN201810169204A CN108445628B CN 108445628 B CN108445628 B CN 108445628B CN 201810169204 A CN201810169204 A CN 201810169204A CN 108445628 B CN108445628 B CN 108445628B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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Abstract
The invention discloses a backlight structure and a vehicle-mounted display device, wherein the backlight structure comprises: the surface of the substrate comprises a plurality of light sources, the areas where the light sources are located are light emitting areas, and the area in the middle of the light emitting areas is a light collecting area; the rubber frame arranged around the luminous zone and the substrate form a cavity; the light guide cavity comprises a bottom surface and a side wall, wherein the side wall surrounds the bottom surface and extends to the top opening along the bottom surface. Wherein, the extending direction from open-top to the bottom surface is the first direction, and the lateral wall in light guide cavity is provided with high reflectivity structure and low reflectivity structure along the first direction in turn, makes open-top's outgoing light is partial to light and gathers the district, improves display effect, improves on-vehicle HUD display device luminance visual angle specification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a backlight structure and a vehicle-mounted display device comprising the backlight structure.
Background
Head-Up Display (HUD) is gradually applied to a vehicle-mounted Display device, and a principle of a vehicle-mounted HUD Display system in the prior art is to project Display contents on a windshield of an automobile through various devices by using a Display panel, so that an automobile driver can see various information such as instrument parameters without lowering Head during driving.
For the requirement of a visual angle in the vehicle-mounted HUD display standard specification, the brightness of a middle display area needs to be higher than that of an edge display area as much as possible, so that an area display image of a front-view part of a driver on a windshield is clearer. However, as shown in fig. 1, in order to realize local backlight driving (localized dimming), the light emitting area where the backlight light source 3 is located on the substrate 1 is often divided into a plurality of light emitting areas by a plurality of retaining walls 2, but the retaining walls 2 can only serve to divide the backlight light source 3 into areas, and actually, the intensity of the emergent light of each area is substantially the same, which is difficult to meet the requirement of the viewing angle in the vehicle-mounted HUD display standard.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a backlight structure and a vehicle-mounted display device, in which a high-reflectivity structure and a low-reflectivity structure are alternately arranged in a side wall of a light guide cavity for emitting light according to a certain rule by studying inherent properties of a light source in the backlight structure and combining light path changes emitted by the light source, so that emitted light of the backlight structure is deflected to a light converging region of a light emitting region of the backlight structure.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight structure, including:
the light source device comprises a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate comprises a plurality of light sources, the areas where the light sources are located are light emitting areas, and the areas where light in the light emitting areas is relatively concentrated are light collecting areas;
the rubber frame is arranged around the light emitting area and forms a cavity with the substrate above the substrate;
the light guide cavities are arranged in the cavity in an intersecting manner to form a plurality of light guide cavities, the bottom of each light guide cavity is provided with at least one light source, and each light guide cavity is provided with a top opening; the light guide cavity comprises a bottom surface and a side wall which surrounds the bottom surface and extends to the top opening along the bottom surface;
the light collection structure is characterized in that the extending direction from the top opening to the bottom surface is a first direction, and at least part of the side walls are alternately provided with high-reflectivity structures and low-reflectivity structures along the first direction, so that emergent light of the top opening deflects to the light collection area.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle-mounted display device comprising the backlight structure.
Compared with the prior art, the backlight structure and the vehicle-mounted display device provided by the invention at least have the following advantages:
the invention combines the light intensity change rule of each direction of the light source in the backlight structure and the light path change rule of the emergent light in each direction, calculating and simulating the reflection position of the light path on the side wall, wherein the light path converges to the light collecting area of the light emitting area of the backlight structure after being reflected by the side wall of the light guide cavity, meanwhile, the reflecting position of the light path on the side wall of the light emitting area of the backlight structure after being reflected by the side wall of the light guide cavity and then diverging to the outside is calculated and simulated, and the high-reflectivity structure is preferentially arranged at the reflecting position of the side wall through which the light path of the light with stronger light intensity and final convergence passes, meanwhile, a low-reflectivity structure is preferentially arranged at the side wall reflection position where the light path of the light which is strong in light intensity and finally diverges passes through, and a high-reflectivity structure and a low-reflectivity structure are alternately arranged on the side wall of the light guide cavity in the extending direction from the top opening to the bottom surface by combining the conditions.
Under such structure, although the intensity of the whole emergent light of structure in a poor light weakens to some extent, but the vast majority of the light collection district convergence that sends out the light zone to the structure in a poor light can pass through high reflectivity structure, the loss is less, and the vast majority of the light of dispersing outside the light zone to the back light can pass through low reflectivity structure, the loss is more, the luminance that the emergent light that finally leads to being shaded is in the light collection district that sends out the light zone is higher relatively, the luminance of the border region in the light zone is lower relatively, display device's display definition and factor of safety have been improved, vehicle-mounted HUD display device luminance visual angle specification has been improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a backlight structure in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a backlight structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a backlight structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B1B2 of the backlight structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an optical illumination and a viewing angle of a light source in a backlight structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the light guiding cavity in area M of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an optical path analysis diagram of the light guide cavity of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is another block diagram of the light emitting region of fig. 3;
FIG. 9 is another optical path analysis diagram of the light guiding cavity of FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a modeled analysis diagram of the light-guiding cavity of FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is another modeled analysis of the light guide cavity of FIG. 6;
FIG. 12 is a comparative optical path diagram of the light guide cavity of FIG. 6;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a light guide cavity of another backlight structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a top view of still another backlight structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a side view of a backlight configuration provided by embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an in-vehicle display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight structure, including: the light source device comprises a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate comprises a plurality of light sources, the areas where the light sources are located are light emitting areas, and the areas where light in the light emitting areas is relatively concentrated are light collecting areas; the rubber frame is arranged around the light emitting area and forms a cavity with the substrate above the substrate; the light guide cavities are arranged in the cavity in an intersecting manner to form a plurality of light guide cavities, the bottom of each light guide cavity is provided with at least one light source, and each light guide cavity is provided with a top opening; the light guide cavity comprises a bottom surface and a side wall which surrounds the bottom surface and extends to the top opening along the bottom surface; the extending direction from the top opening to the bottom surface is a first direction, and at least part of the side walls are alternately provided with high-reflectivity structures and low-reflectivity structures along the first direction, so that emergent rays of the top opening are deflected to the ray collection area.
The embodiment is specifically described below with reference to fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, where fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a backlight structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a top view of the backlight structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view B1B2 of the backlight structure in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the backlight structure provided by the present embodiment includes a substrate 101, a plurality of light sources 103 disposed on the substrate 101, it can be understood that because the light source 103 in the backlight structure is connected to a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) or other structures for power supply, therefore, the substrate 101 further includes a printed circuit structure, wherein the area of the substrate 101 where the light source 103 is disposed is a light emitting area 106, the area of the light emitting area 106 where light is relatively concentrated is a light collecting area 107, the shape and size of the light collecting area 107 are determined according to specific design requirements, since the design objective of the backlight structure is to increase the light intensity of the light collecting region 107 relative to the other edge regions of the light emitting region 106, the actual design of the light collection region 107 depends on the particular area where it is desired to increase the relative light intensity, the area is relatively concentrated, and generally, the light collecting region 107 should be located at the central position of the light emitting region 106 (the position of the area where at least one symmetry axis is located); the backlight structure further comprises a rubber frame 102, the rubber frame 102 is arranged above the substrate 101 in a surrounding mode around the light emitting region 106, the shape formed by the rubber frame 102 in a surrounding mode depends on the shape required by the light emitting region 106 and is not limited to the rectangle shown in the figure, the rubber frame 102 and the substrate 101 form a cavity, the top of the cavity is open, the bottom surface of the cavity is the light emitting region 106 on the substrate 101, and the side surface of the cavity is the rubber frame 102; a plurality of intersecting walls 104 are also disposed in the cavity, and these walls 104 divide the cavity into a plurality of light guide cavities 200. The bottom of the light guide cavity 200 is provided with at least one light source 103, which may be one or multiple light sources according to design requirements, and the number of the light sources 103 in each light guide cavity 200 may be the same or different, which is not limited herein; as can be seen from fig. 4, the light guide cavity 200 has a top opening 203, and in addition to the bottom surface formed by the substrate 101, the light guide cavity 200 further includes a sidewall 201 extending around the bottom surface to the top opening 203, wherein the extending direction of the sidewall 201 from the top opening 203 to the bottom surface 302 is a first direction, and the sidewall 201 of the light guide cavity 200 is provided with high-reflectivity structures 105a and low-reflectivity structures 105b alternately in the first direction, the alternating manner includes a regular arrangement of the first direction, such as "low-high-low-high … …" or "high-low … …", which is not limited by the order, and the light source 103 is deflected from the light collecting area 107 corresponding to the top opening 203 by the regular arrangement of the high-reflectivity structures 105a and the low-reflectivity structures 105 b.
Specific principle is described with reference to fig. 5 and fig. 6, fig. 5 is a graph of relationship between optical illuminance and viewing angle of a light source in a backlight structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a light guide cavity in an area M in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 6, for example, if the light collecting region 107 is located at the right side of the light guide cavity, the light source 103 needs to be biased to the right side in the figure from the light exiting from the top opening 203 by arranging the high-reflectivity structure 105a and the low-reflectivity structure 105 b. Some of the outgoing light rays (for example, the outgoing light ray 301c) of the light source 103 are emitted through the top opening 203 without being reflected by the sidewall 201, and the light rays are not processed in the embodiment of the present invention; for the light that needs to be reflected by the sidewall 201 to exit the top opening 203 (e.g., the outgoing light 301a), it can be understood that only the last reflection of the outgoing light 301a before exiting the top opening 203 occurs at the left sidewall 201a (far away from the light collection region 107 relative to the right sidewall 201b) in the figure to deflect the outgoing light 301a toward the light collection region 107.
Referring to fig. 5 again, it can be understood that the smaller the angle of the viewing angle from the direction perpendicular to the light source is, the larger the angle a between the emergent ray 301a and the bottom surface 302 for the light source 103 is, the greater the light intensity of the corresponding light beam received by the human eye is, i.e. the processing manner of the ray with the larger angle a should be considered preferentially, so in conjunction with fig. 7, fig. 7 is a light path analysis diagram of the light guide cavity of fig. 6. The present embodiment analyzes the variation law of the emergent ray 301a of the light source 103 by the process that the included angle a gradually decreases from 90 °. As angle a decreases from 90 °, a first reflection of outgoing ray 301a occurs at left sidewall 201a near vertex T1 of top opening 203 (e.g., ray 301a (1)), outgoing ray 301a is deflected toward ray collection region 107; then, as the included angle a gradually decreases, the position of the first reflection point of the outgoing light ray 301a on the left sidewall 201a gradually decreases, and the outgoing position gradually approaches the right sidewall 201b (e.g., the light ray 301a (2)), when the outgoing position approaches the vertex T2 of the right sidewall 201b, the outgoing light ray 301a is reflected again and exits the light guide cavity, and at this time, the outgoing light ray 301a deviates from the light collection area 107 (e.g., the light ray 301a (3)); as the included angle a continues to decrease, the outgoing light ray 301a departing from the light collection region 107 gradually approaches the left sidewall 201b (e.g., the light ray 301a (4)), and when the outgoing position approaches the vertex T1 of the left sidewall 201a, the outgoing light ray 301a is reflected again and exits the light guide cavity (e.g., the light ray 301a (5)), and at this time, the outgoing light ray 301a again deviates toward the light collection region 107; it will be appreciated that the optical path characteristics of the outgoing ray 301a thus cycle back and forth as the angle a tapers from 90. The process of gradually decreasing the included angle a of the light ray 301a from 90 ° is the process of gradually moving the first reflection point of the light ray 301a on the left sidewall 201a from the top point T1 to the bottom 302 along the first direction, the analysis shows that the light ray 301a of the K1 segment of the first reflection point on the left sidewall 201a is biased to the light collecting region 107, and therefore the high reflectivity structure 105a needs to be disposed for maintenance, and the analysis shows that the light ray 301a of the K2 segment of the first reflection point on the left sidewall 201a is away from the light collecting region 107, and therefore the low reflectivity structure 105b needs to be disposed for attenuation, and then the process is repeated, so that the disposition mode of alternately disposing the high reflectivity structure 105a and the low reflectivity structure 105b in the first direction on the sidewall of the light guide cavity is formed. The same can be concluded that the right sidewall 201b is also arranged in a regular manner such that the high-reflectivity structures 105a and the low-reflectivity structures 105b are alternately arranged.
In addition, although the high-reflectance structure 105a and the low-reflectance structure 105b in the present embodiment have a reflectance larger than that of the low-reflectance structure 105b, the high-reflectance structure 105a or the low-reflectance structure 105b is not limited to a structure in which dots have equal reflectances as a whole and are formed intermittently in one piece (coloring is only illustrated in the figure); in fact, the reflectivity from each of the high-reflectivity structures 105a and the low-reflectivity structures 105b may be different or continuously variable, and it is only necessary that the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity structure 105a is greater than that of the low-reflectivity structure 105 b.
Adopt the structure in a poor light that above-mentioned embodiment provided, on the one hand through setting up high reflectivity structure furthest has preserved the intensity of the light of finally converging the district convergence to the light in backlight light zone, on the other hand has weakened the intensity of the light of finally converging the district through setting up low reflectivity structure furthest for the light zone of being shaded presents the great light emitting mode of the regional light intensity of the relative marginal zone of light concentration of light collection district, has improved the factor of safety of display accuracy and the on-vehicle HUD display system who uses this structure in a poor light.
Further, with reference to fig. 3 and fig. 6, in the backlight structure provided in the embodiment of the invention, the sidewall 201 of the light guiding cavity 200 is divided into a first partial sidewall 201a and a second partial sidewall 201b according to the position relationship between the sidewall and the light collecting region:
wherein the first portion sidewall 201a and the second portion sidewall 201b can be two opposing faces (and also a portion sidewall that belongs to neither the first portion sidewall 201a nor the second portion sidewall 201b), such as the opposing first portion sidewall 201a and second portion sidewall 201b in fig. 3;
in addition, since the shape of the orthographic projection of the light guide cavity 200 on the substrate 101 is uncertain, the entire sidewall 200 may be composed of the first partial sidewall 201a and the second partial sidewall 201 b. For example, in fig. 8, fig. 8 is another block diagram of the light emitting region of fig. 3, bounded by axis D1, the sidewall being divided into a first portion sidewall 201a and a second portion sidewall 201 b.
Compared with the second partial sidewall 201b, the second partial sidewall 201b is close to the light collecting region 107, and the first partial sidewall 201a is away from the light collecting region 107, which should be determined according to the specific structure of the light collecting region 107 and the structure of the light guiding cavity 200, which are needed in the design and the light convergence.
Referring again to fig. 9, fig. 9 is another optical path analysis diagram of the light guide cavity of fig. 6, it can be seen from the previous analysis that the light ray 301a at the light source 103, which is deflected to the left, is deflected directly to the light collecting region 107 (for example, the light ray 3011a) after being reflected once by a section K1 of the first part sidewall 201a near the top opening 203 when the included angle a is larger, also in connection with figure 5 it can be seen that the outgoing light ray 3011a is of relatively strong intensity due to the large corresponding angle a, it can be understood that the K1 segment of the outgoing light 3011a from the first-time reflection point on the sidewall of the first-part sidewall 201a is the portion of the outgoing light reflected by the light source 103 on the first-part sidewall 201a with relatively high light intensity, so that the high-reflectivity structure 105a needs to be disposed first at the K1 of the first-part sidewall 201a from the top opening 203 toward the next segment along the first direction, and then the low-reflectivity structure 105b and the high-reflectivity structure 105a are disposed alternately as described above; when the included angle b is larger, the light ray 3011b at the light source 103, which is deflected to the right, directly deviates from the light collecting region 107 (for example, the light ray 3011b) after being reflected once by a section K3 of the second partial sidewall 201b close to the top opening 203, and the light intensity of the emergent light ray 3011b is relatively strong due to the larger included angle b, so the low-reflectivity structure 105b should be disposed on the next section K3 of the second partial sidewall 201b from the top opening 203 along the first direction, and then the high-reflectivity structure 105a and the low-reflectivity structure 105b are alternately disposed as described above.
By adopting the backlight structure provided by the embodiment, the emergent light rays of which the light path can finally deviate to the light collection area in the emergent light rays with larger angle range of illuminance can be reflected through the high-reflectivity structure, so that the loss of the emergent light rays is smaller, and the emergent light rays of which the light path can finally deviate from the light collection area are reflected through the low-reflectivity structure, so that the loss of the emergent light rays is extremely large, and even the emergent light rays can be completely absorbed. Thus, the characteristic that the whole emergent light converges to the light collecting area is more excellent.
The matching optimization setting mode of the high-reflectivity structure and the low-reflectivity structure on the side wall of the light guide cavity is further analyzed by combining another model of the backlight structure provided by the embodiment of the invention. Fig. 10 is a modeling analysis diagram of the light guide cavity in fig. 6, the specific actual composition structure of the light guide cavity in fig. 10 is the same as that in fig. 6, fig. 10 is a quantitative analysis diagram substantially for the case where the sidewall 201 is perpendicular to the bottom surface 302 in fig. 6, and details of the structure are not repeated for the convenience of quantitative analysis. In conjunction with fig. 6 and 10, the light source 103 may be equivalent to the point light source O located at the geometric center of the bottom surface, and divides the light of the point light source O into a first partial light 401a biased to the left and a second partial light 401b biased to the right about the symmetry axis S1, the two partial lights having equal light intensity when the angles are the same from the symmetry axis S1. Let the length of the bottom surface 302 be L and the height of the light guide cavity 200 be H.
For the first portion of light 401a, the actual size of the included angle a between the light 401a and the bottom surface 302 may be 0 ° ≦ a ≦ 90 °, whereas as described above, for the portion of light 4011a with a greater than, the portion corresponding to the included angle a may exit the light guiding cavity 200 without being reflected by the first portion of sidewall 201a
(the smallest angle a in this range is where the first portion of ray 4012a just first contacts the first portion of sidewall 201 at top opening 203). Therefore, only need to consider
The height of the first reflection point P1 of the first partial light ray 401a on the first partial sidewall 201a is set as h1Then only h is considered to be more than or equal to 01The change of the light path in the change of H is less than or equal to the change of the light path in the change of H.
Referring again to FIG. 10, the height difference between the first reflection point P1 of the first partial ray 401a at the first partial sidewall 201a and the reflection point P2 of the second partial sidewall 201b at the next time is h2From the principle of light reflection, h can be known2＝2*h1While the portion of the first partial light 401a that is finally deflected to the light collecting region 107 by the sidewall reflection must satisfy the condition that the last reflection occurs on the first partial sidewall 201a, it can be known that the height difference between two adjacent reflection points on the first partial sidewall 201a is 2 times h due to the symmetry of the incident light and the reflected light with respect to the normal2Therefore, the height difference S between the first reflection point P1 of the first partial light ray 401a on the first partial sidewall 201a and the top opening needs to satisfy the height difference S divided by h2The integer part of (a) is an even number:
2(h-1)*h2≤S＜(2n-1)h2(i.e., S divided by h2 rounded to an even number);
where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and S-H-H is also known1Push out
H above1The height of the point P1 where the ray 401a is reflected for the first time on the first partial sidewall 201a, and the outgoing ray 401a may be reflected for multiple times on the left sidewall, since the reflected ray is symmetrical to the incident ray about the normal, the height difference between the respective reflected points at the point P1 should be 2 times h2I.e. 4 times h1From this, it can be seen that the height h of the light ray 401a on the first partial sidewall 201a at this time corresponds to all the reflection pointsLeft side ofIs given by h 14 times of h as the first item1Is the value of the tolerance arithmetic progression, but cannot exceed the sidewall height H, so: h isLeft side of＝4(N-1)h1+h1Where N should be a positive integer which gradually increases from 1 to obtain the height of each reflection point of the first partial light ray 401a on the first partial sidewall 201a, i.e. for meeting the condition h1The first portion of the light ray 401a needs to be on the first sidewall 201a at h1、5*h1、9*h1… … up to a position not exceeding H, a high reflectivity structure is provided.
The light rays have corresponding reflection points on the second partial sidewall 201b, and it can be known that the height h of the light ray 401a on the second partial sidewall 201b corresponds to all the reflection pointsRight sideIs 3 x h from P2 point 14 times of h as the first item1Is the value of the tolerance row of equal difference, but cannot exceed the height H of the side wall, so that the height H is HRight side＝(4N-1)h1I.e. for the fulfilment of condition h1The first portion of light 401a, 3 × h on the second sidewall 201b is also needed1、7*h1、11*h1… … up to a position not exceeding H, a high reflectivity structure is also provided.
As shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is another modeled analysis of the light-guiding cavity of FIG. 6, where the portion of the first portion of light 401a that ultimately reflects off the light-collecting region 107 via the sidewall must satisfy the condition that the last reflection occurs at the second portionOn the partial sidewall 201b, the height difference between two adjacent reflection points on the second partial sidewall 201b is known to be h times 2 times as large as h due to the symmetry of the incident light and the reflected light with respect to the normal2So the difference in height from the point P2 to the top opening should be an even multiple of h2And the height difference between the point P2 and the point P1 is h2Therefore, the height difference S between the first reflection point P1 of the first partial light ray 401a at the first partial sidewall 201a and the top opening needs to satisfy even multiple h2Plus 1 h2I.e. S satisfies:
(2n-1)*h2≤S＜2n*h2(i.e., S divided by h2 rounded to an odd number);
where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and S-H-H is also known1Push out
Similarly, it can be known that the height of all the reflective dots on the first partial sidewall 201a is hLeft side of＝4(N-1)h1+h1Where N should be a positive integer which gradually increases from 1 to obtain the height of each reflection point of the first partial light ray 401a on the first partial sidewall 201a, i.e. for meeting the condition h1The first portion of the light ray 401a needs to be on the first sidewall 201a at h1、5*h1、9*h1… … providing low reflectivity structures up to a position not exceeding H; and correspondingly there is a corresponding reflection point on the second partial sidewall 201b, and the height thereof is hRight side＝(4N-1)h1I.e. for meeting the above condition h1The first portion of light 401a, 3 × h on the second sidewall 201b is also needed1、7*h1、11*h1… … up to a position not exceeding H, a low reflectivity structure is also provided.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, it can be known that the first portion of light 401a of the light source 103 satisfies that the higher the height h1 of the first reflection point P1 of the first portion of light 401a at the first portion sidewall 201a (the larger the included angle a is), the higher the light illuminance is, and the higher the priority is for disposing the high-reflectivity structure or the low-reflectivity structureFor example, in fig. 12, fig. 12 is a comparison of optical paths of the light guide cavity of fig. 6, when compared with the light ray 4012a, the light ray 4011a has a height h of a first reflection point P11 of the light ray 4011a on the first part sidewall 201a11The height h of the first reflection point P12 of the ray 4012a on the first partial sidewall 201a is12And h is11>h12(i.e., the included angle a between the light 4011a and the bottom surface is greater than the light 4012a), that is, the illumination of the light 4011a is greater than that of the light 4012a, and they are reflected at the point P11, a high-reflectivity structure should be arranged at the point P11 for the light 4011a which is finally deflected to the light collection area 107, and a low-reflectivity structure should be arranged at the point P11 for the light 4012a which is finally deflected from the light collection area 107, and in case of such a contradiction, the high-reflectivity structure should be arranged according to the requirement of the light 4011a in priority of illumination intensity. From the above characteristics and the formula derived before, table 1 below can be obtained, where table 1 is a table of the structure of the first part of light corresponding to the sidewall (in the table, "(a, B)" indicates a section from the height a to the height B of the bottom surface on the sidewall, "convergent" indicates that the light is deflected to the light collecting region 107, "divergent" indicates that the light is deflected from the light collecting region, "high" indicates that a high-reflectivity structure is provided, and "low" indicates that a low-reflectivity structure is provided):
for the second portion of light 401b, corresponding to the opposite of the conditions to be satisfied of the first portion of sidewalls and the second portion of sidewalls compared to the first portion of light 401a, the following table 2 can be obtained from the above analysis, where table 2 is a table of the structures of the sidewalls corresponding to the second portion of light:
now, with reference to tables 1 and 2, the corresponding h is shown from top to bottom in tables 1 and 21The initial positions of the high-reflectivity structures and the low-reflectivity structures correspondingly are arranged in a height-decreasing arrangement, and the combination of the previous reasoning shows that if a conflict occurs, the corresponding high-reflectivity structures and the corresponding low-reflectivity structures are preferentially arranged according to the requirement of the ordering on the upper part.
For the first portion sidewall 201a, since the value of n may be different, for example
And
when there is overlap, i.e., when there is a conflict between Table 2 and Table 1, at this time
The corresponding n must be less than
… …, and the smaller n is in tables 1 and 2, the higher the priority, so for the first portion sidewall 201a, only the conclusions of table 1 need to be considered, e.g., for table 2, when n is 2,
correspond to
The segments need to be provided with low-reflectivity structures, but
Paragraph and table 1 when n is 1
Corresponding to
The segments have an overlap and
the segments need to be provided with a high reflectivity material due to
The value of n corresponding to the segment is small, and the priority is high, so that the conclusion in the table 1 should be considered preferentially when the conflict occurs; secondly, the same is shown in Table 1, for example
And
when there is an overlap, at this time
The corresponding n must be less than
For n, the smaller n is in the table 1, the higher the number of rows is, the higher the priority is, i.e. when a collision occurs, only the interval structure of the height h1 of the first reflection point needs to be considered, for example, for table 1, when n is 2
Correspond to
The segments need to be provided with low-reflectivity structures, but
Paragraph and table 1 when n is 1
Corresponding to
The segments have an overlap and
the section needs to be provided withA high reflectivity material is arranged, due to
The corresponding n value of the segment is small, the priority is high, therefore, the height h of the first reflection point in the table 1 should be considered preferentially when such conflict occurs1A corresponding conclusion; in summary, it can be obtained that the first partial sidewall 201a should be at the height
To
The position of the segment is provided with a high reflectivity structure and height
To
And arranging a low-reflectivity structure at the position of the segment, wherein H is the height of the side wall, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
Similarly, for the second partial side wall 201b, only the conclusion of table 2, namely the height, needs to be considered
To
The segments are positioned with low reflectivity structures, heights
To
And a high-reflectivity structure is arranged at the position of the segment, wherein H is the height of the side wall, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
The above sidewall structure is concluded based on the fact that the sidewall 201 is perpendicular to the bottom surface 302, and the actual design is that the sidewall is not only at the edge of the light emitting region but also at other portions of the sidewallThe design structure obtained approximately perpendicular to the bottom surface approximately meets the above situation, and the width d of each high-reflectivity structure 105a along the first direction on the first partial sidewall 201a is set as1The width of the low-reflectivity structure 105b along the first direction at the first partial sidewall 201a is d2(ii) a The width of each segment of the low-reflectivity structure 105b along the first direction at the second partial sidewall 201b is d3The high-reflectivity structure 105a has a high-reflectivity structure width d along the first direction at the second portion sidewall 201b4And then:
where n is a positive integer and H is the height of the sidewall, it can be understood from the conclusion of the previous sidewall structure that the increasing process of n from 1, i.e. the high reflectivity structure 105a or the low reflectivity structure 105b, gradually increases along the sidewall 201 from the top opening 203 to the bottom 302, and the larger n, the larger d1、d2、d3、d4The smaller, i.e., the width of the high-reflectivity structures 105a of the first partial sidewall 201a in the first direction is gradually reduced, the width of the low-reflectivity structures 105b of the first partial sidewall 201a in the first direction is gradually reduced; the high-reflectivity structures 105a of the second partial sidewall 201b have a gradually decreasing width in the first direction, and the low-reflectivity structures 105b of the second partial sidewall 201b have a gradually decreasing width in the first direction.
Similarly, in the high-reflectance structure 105a and the low-reflectance structure 105b in the present embodiment, the reflectance of the high-reflectance structure 105a is greater than that of the low-reflectance structure 105b, but the high-reflectance structure 105a or the low-reflectance structure 105b is not limited to a structure in which the reflectance of each dot is equal to each other on the whole to form discontinuous blocks (coloring is only illustrated in the figure); in fact, the reflectivity from each of the high-reflectivity structures 105a and the low-reflectivity structures 105b may be different or continuously variable, and it is only necessary that the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity structure 105a is greater than that of the low-reflectivity structure 105 b.
When the high-reflectivity structure and the low-reflectivity structure are arranged, because the light paths of different emergent rays are inevitably overlapped at the side wall, the light rays which pass through the same point on the side wall and are deviated to the light ray collection area and the light rays which depart from the light ray collection area can exist. The backlight structure provided by the mode is combined with the characteristics of light of the light source through similar modeling analysis, and when the conflicts occur, the priorities are distinguished according to the light intensity, so that the conflicts are solved, and the effect of improving the light intensity of the light collection area relative to the light intensity of the edge area is better.
Still further, referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a light guide cavity of another backlight structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the height of the sidewall 201 is still H, and for the first portion of the sidewall 201a, the height is at H
To the H section, a high reflectivity structure 1051a is provided at a height
To
The segments are positioned with low reflectivity structures 1052b, the first portion sidewall height
To
The high-reflectivity structures 1053a are arranged at the positions of the segments; for the second partSide wall 201b at height
To the H section, a low reflectivity structure 1054b is provided at the height
To
The segments are positioned with high reflectivity structures 1055a, the first portion sidewall height
To
The segments are positioned with high reflectivity structures 1056 b.
The basis of the above structure design is the previously deduced conclusion of the sidewall structure, that is, the high- reflectivity structures 1051a and 1053a corresponding to the first sidewall 201a with the values of n being 1 and 2 are provided, and the low-reflectivity structure 1052b corresponding to the first sidewall 201a with the value of n being 1 is provided; the second sidewall 201b is provided with low- reflectivity structures 1054b and 1056b corresponding to values of n as 1 and 2, and a high-reflectivity structure corresponding to a value of n as 1. Taking the backlight structure of an on-vehicle HUD display system as an example, the ratio of the height H of the side wall to the length L of the bottom surface 302 is generally about 3, i.e. H equals 3L, then the first reflection from the equivalent point light source 103 of the bottom surface 302 in fig. 9 occurs at the height of the side wall 200
The angle between the light ray of the point and the ground
The light emitted from the light source 103 is gradually decreased as the included angle a becomes smaller, and it can be known from fig. 5 that even if the light with the included angle a adjusted between 40 ° and 90 ° is still approximately 70% of the total illumination of the light source 103, on the other hand, the light with the smaller included angle a must pass through the light source with the smaller included angle a in the multiple reflections on the sidewallThe high priority has already set the section of the low-reflectance structure 1054b, so there is little effect even if the low-reflectance structure or the high-reflectance structure is further set.
Therefore, by adopting the backlight structure provided by the embodiment, most of the light emitted by the light source is adjusted by using fewer high-reflectivity structures and low-reflectivity structures, so that the light intensity of the light collection area of the light emitting area of the backlight structure relative to the edge area is increased, the process is simplified, and the cost is saved.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a backlight structure, and referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a top view of the backlight structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The retaining walls 104 are divided into a first retaining wall 104a and a second retaining wall 104b, wherein the first retaining wall 104a extends along the second direction and is repeatedly arranged in the third direction, and the second retaining wall 104b extends along the third direction and is repeatedly arranged in the second direction. The light collecting region 107 is an axis 107 extending along the second direction through the geometric center a of the light emitting region 106, the first sidewall 201a of the light guiding cavity 200 is a sidewall adjacent to the light guiding cavity 200 on the first wall 104a and away from the axis 107, and the second sidewall 201b is a sidewall adjacent to the light guiding cavity 200 on the first wall 104a and close to the axis 107. The second direction intersects with the third direction.
Because under general conditions, the formation of image of on-vehicle HUD display system on the windshield is the projection that the display module group formed images, and generally require to converge in the centre as far as possible in the upper and lower direction at driver's visual angle to the image on the windshield, and can not do too much requirement on the left and right sides direction at the visual angle, just so can realize the clear demonstration of head-up. The requirement for the backlight structure also only requires convergence to the center in one direction, and therefore, for the above embodiment, it is only necessary to provide the high-reflectance structure and the low-reflectance structure on the two opposite sidewalls in the third direction in which light convergence is required. This is also an optimized backlight structure for one of the generally common in-vehicle products.
In addition, as the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity structure 105a in the backlight structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is higher, as described above, the loss of the light beam deflected to the light collecting region 107 from the light beam exiting from the top opening 203 of the backlight structure is smaller, the intensity of the light beam deflected to the light collecting region 107 is larger (although smaller than the light intensity when the above structure is not provided), and the intensity of the light exiting from the top opening 200 is larger. Therefore, the reflectivity of the adopted material of the adopted high-reflectivity structure can be adjusted according to the actual product requirement so as to control the emergent light intensity of the top opening, and a mode for controlling the emergent light intensity of the backlight is also provided. Moreover, with the increase of the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity structure 105a, the intensity of the light ray deviated to the light ray collection area 107 is higher than that of the light ray deviated from the light ray collection area, so that the display effect can be further improved, and the brightness and visual angle specification of the vehicle-mounted HUD display device can be improved.
Further, the embodiment of the invention provides a backlight structure in which the light source 103 is made of a Light Emitting Diode (LED). The LED light source has low working voltage (only about 1V in some cases) and small working current (10 in some cases)-1mA magnitude order can give out light), the shock resistance and the shock resistance are good, the reliability is high, the service life is long, and the intensity of the light can be conveniently modulated by modulating the intensity of the current passing through. Using LEDs as light sources 103 may improve the stability and reliability of the backlight structure.
In the backlight structure provided in the above embodiment, the high-reflectivity structure 105a may be made of a silver reflective material, and the metal silver has a relatively large extinction coefficient, so that when a light beam is incident on the metal surface from air, the amplitude of the light entering the metal is rapidly attenuated, so that the light energy entering the metal is correspondingly reduced, and the reflected light energy is increased; therefore, the larger the extinction coefficient, the more rapidly the light amplitude decays, the less the light energy entering the metal, and the higher the reflectivity. In addition, for the visible light region, the preferred metal material is metal silver or aluminum. The low-reflectivity structure preferably completely absorbs light passing through the low-reflectivity structure, and thus is preferably made of a black material that can absorb light of various wavelengths.
Still further, the brightness of the light sources 103 in the light guide cavity 200 of the backlight structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be controlled individually, for example, in fig. 3, the light guide cavity 200 divides all the light sources 103 into a plurality of partitions, and the brightness of the light sources 103 in each partition may be controlled by the circuit structure on the substrate 101 and the control of the driving chip in the display module, so that on one hand, Local backlight driving (Local Dimming) may be implemented, the display effect is better, and the applicable scenarios and occasions are richer.
The common forming process of the high-reflectivity structure and the low-reflectivity structure in the backlight structure provided by the embodiment of the invention can be a high-reflectivity film structure and a low-reflectivity film structure formed on the side wall 201 by adopting a spraying process, so that the structure is not easy to fall off, the stability is good, and the process is relatively simple; in addition, corresponding parameters can be simulated in advance according to a model, a high-precision smooth patch can be manufactured, and then the high-precision patch is attached to the side wall 201, so that the precision of the high-reflectivity structure and the low-reflectivity structure under the structure is controlled to be higher, and the specific details of the high-reflectivity structure and the low-reflectivity structure are controlled to be more easily designed.
In addition, referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a side view of the backlight structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the backlight structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a heat dissipation layer 501 and a backlight base 502, wherein the heat dissipation layer 501 may be a heat dissipation aluminum member below the substrate 101, and the heat dissipation aluminum member may also be in a grid shape as shown in the figure to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency; the backlight base 502 is located below the heat dissipation layer 501 for supporting the backlight structure, wherein a fan 503 is further disposed below the base, and a heat dissipation air outlet is further disposed below the fan 503.
Because the car often is under sunshine shines among the environment of traveling for on-vehicle HUD display system needs higher backlight luminance, therefore can produce very big heat, adopts the structure that above-mentioned heat dissipation layer and fan combine to greatly promote heat-sinking capability, improves the stability of backlight structure.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an on-vehicle display device including the above-mentioned backlight structure, the on-vehicle display device may be used in an on-vehicle HUD display system, referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an on-vehicle display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the on-vehicle display device 600 includes the backlight structure 601 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and in addition, may further include a liquid crystal display panel 602, a reflective projection device 603 and a windshield 604, wherein the reflective projection device 603 may include a flat mirror 603a and a concave mirror 603 b. The backlight structure 601 emits light, which is imaged by the display panel 602 and then reflected by the reflective projection device 603 to transfer the image of the display panel 602 to the windshield 604, wherein the light may be reflected twice by the two-sided mirror of the reflective projection device 603 as shown in the figure, so that the condition that the mirror image of the odd-numbered reflection is reversed is avoided, and further, the light rays which are reflected for the last time and can be reflected by the concave mirror 603b can be more converged to improve the relative brightness of the display light ray convergence area.
Due to the adoption of the backlight structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, the brightness of the area projected on the windshield and relative to the surrounding area is improved, so that the relative brightness of the area (light collection area) where the eyes of a driver are in sight is higher, the display content is easier to see, and the brightness view angle specification of the vehicle-mounted HUD display device is also improved.
The backlight structure and the vehicle-mounted display device provided by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail, and the principle and the embodiment of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A backlight structure, comprising:
the light source device comprises a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate comprises a plurality of light sources, the areas where the light sources are located are light emitting areas, and the areas where light in the light emitting areas is relatively concentrated are light collecting areas;
the rubber frame is arranged around the light emitting area and forms a cavity with the substrate above the substrate;
the light guide cavities are arranged in the cavity in an intersecting manner to form a plurality of light guide cavities, the bottom of each light guide cavity is provided with at least one light source, and each light guide cavity is provided with a top opening; the light guide cavity comprises a bottom surface and a side wall which surrounds the bottom surface and extends to the top opening along the bottom surface;
the light collection structure is characterized in that the extending direction from the top opening to the bottom surface is a first direction, and at least part of the side walls are alternately provided with high-reflectivity structures and low-reflectivity structures along the first direction, so that emergent light of the top opening deflects to the light collection area.
2. The backlight structure of claim 1, wherein the sidewalls are divided into a first portion of sidewalls and a second portion of sidewalls, the second portion of sidewalls is adjacent to the light collection region, the first portion of sidewalls faces away from the light collection region, the first portion of sidewalls includes a section of the high-reflectivity structure from the top opening, and then the low-reflectivity structures and the high-reflectivity structures are alternately arranged in the first direction; the second side wall comprises a section of the low-reflectivity structure from the top opening, and then the high-reflectivity structure and the low-reflectivity structure are alternately arranged in sequence in the first direction; the high-reflectivity structure has a higher reflectivity than the low-reflectivity structure.
3. The backlight structures defined in claim 2 wherein
The high-reflectivity structures of the first partial side wall gradually decrease in width in the first direction, and the low-reflectivity structures of the first partial side wall gradually decrease in width in the first direction;
the high-reflectivity structures of the second partial side walls have a gradually decreasing width in the first direction, and the low-reflectivity structures of the second partial side walls have a gradually decreasing width in the first direction.
4. The backlight structure of claim 2, wherein the sidewalls are disposed perpendicular to the substrate,
the first portion sidewall height
To
The position of the segment is provided with a high-reflectivity structure, and the height of the side wall of the first part
To
The position of the segment is provided with a low-reflectivity structure;
the second portion sidewall height
To
The segments are positioned with low reflectivity structures, the first portion sidewall height
To
The position of the segment is provided with a low-high-refractive-index structure;
wherein H is the height of the side wall, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
5. The backlight structures defined in claim 4 wherein,
the first portion sidewall height
The high-reflectivity structure is arranged at the position of H section, and the first part sideHeight of wall
To
The position of the segment is set with the low reflectivity structure, and the height of the first part side wall
To
The high-reflectivity structure is arranged at the position of the segment;
the second portion sidewall height
The low-reflectivity structure is arranged at the position of the H section, and the height of the side wall of the second part
To
The position of the segment is provided with the high-reflectivity structure, and the height of the side wall of the second part
To
The position of the segments sets the low reflectivity structure.
6. The backlight structure of claim 2, wherein the dam walls include a first dam wall extending in the second direction and repeatedly arranged in the third direction and a second dam wall extending in the third direction and repeatedly arranged in the second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersecting; the light collecting area is an axis which passes through the geometric center of the light emitting area and extends along the second direction on the light emitting area, and the first part side wall and the second part side wall are positioned on a first baffle wall adjacent to the light guide cavity.
7. The backlight structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity structure is positively correlated with the intensity of the emergent light from the light collecting region, and the intensity of the emergent light from the light collecting region can be controlled by adjusting the reflectivity of the high-reflectivity structure.
8. The backlight structures defined in claim 1 wherein the brightness of the light sources in each of the light guide cavities is individually controllable.
9. The backlight structures defined in claim 1 wherein the light sources are made of light emitting diodes.
10. The backlight structure of claim 1, wherein the high reflection structure and the low reflection structure are film layer structures disposed on the sidewalls using a spray coating process.
11. The backlight structures defined in claim 1 wherein the high-reflectivity structures and the low-reflectivity structures are high-precision, flat patches attached to the sidewalls.
12. The backlight structure of claim 1, wherein the high reflectance structures are made of a silver reflective material and the low reflectance structures are made of a black material.
13. The backlight structure of claim 1, wherein the backlight structure further comprises:
a heat dissipation layer located below the substrate;
the backlight base is positioned below the heat dissipation layer, and a fan and a heat dissipation air outlet are also arranged below the backlight base.
14. A vehicle-mounted display device characterized by comprising the backlight structure of any one of claims 1 to 12.
15. The in-vehicle display device according to claim 14, wherein the in-vehicle display device further comprises a liquid crystal display panel, a reflective projection device, and a windshield.
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| CN201810169204.6A CN108445628B (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2018-02-28 | Backlight structure and vehicle-mounted display device |
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| CN114527600B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-05-02 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Backlight module and display panel with same |
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