CN108444805B - Purifying sheet for quick pesticide residue detection pretreatment - Google Patents
Purifying sheet for quick pesticide residue detection pretreatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a purification sheet for quick detection pretreatment of pesticide residue, which comprises an upper layer of carrier and a lower layer of carrier, wherein an adsorbent is fixed between the carriers, and the purification sheet also contains a plant secondary metabolite inhibitor. The purifying tablet disclosed by the invention can effectively remove pigments in detected vegetable samples and inhibit the influence of secondary metabolites on enzymes, so that the influence of the pigments and the secondary metabolites on the detection of pesticide residues is avoided, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pesticide residue detection, and particularly relates to a device for pretreatment of a pesticide residue quick-detection sample, in particular to a purification sheet for pretreatment of pesticide residue quick-detection.
Background
Pesticide application and pest resistance in the vegetable planting process lead to the fact that the toxicity and the use amount of the pesticide are larger and larger, the pesticide types are more and more, and the pesticide application times are intensive continuously in the vegetable growth process, so that the vegetable pesticide residue phenomenon entering the circulation market is more and more common. In order to ensure the food safety of people, the rapid detection of pesticide residue on vegetables is very necessary.
The pesticides used in the current vegetables are mainly organic phosphorus, carbamates and pyrethrins, and are used as an enzyme inhibition rate French standard GB/T5009.199-2003 of the current vegetable detection standard and a rapid detection method for the residue of trichlorfon, profenofos, methomyl, carbofuran and dichlorvos in the vegetables (KJ201710) issued by the State food sample supervision and management administration, wherein a sample solution to be detected obtained after a vegetable sample is treated by a phosphate buffer solution contains more chlorophyll and lutein, the color generated by the reaction of the lutein and enzyme is close, and the influence on the detection result is particularly great. Especially, the color of the vegetable is darker, and the color of the treatment liquid is darker. Some special vegetables contain secondary metabolites which have an inhibitory effect on cholinesterase, and are easy to cause false positive phenomenon in detection. Unreliable detection results also have adverse effects.
In order to ensure that the vegetable pesticide residue detection result is more reliable, the vegetable sample is correspondingly pretreated, and the influence of pigments, particularly lutein and secondary metabolites on the detection result is reduced, which is very necessary.
At present, a mixed solid phase extraction adsorbent consisting of graphitized carbon black, amino filler and the like is mainly used for pretreatment of a vegetable sample to remove interference substances such as pigments, organic acids, phenols and the like in the sample, the mixed filler is not easy to recover and has high price, and the defects of complex operation, time and labor waste and the like generally exist during use, while CN104062384A utilizes magnetic carbon nanotubes to remove impurities in the sample, but the pure magnetic material has limited impurity removal capability and needs to modify the surface of the sample, but the modification method is complex, the carbon nanotubes have high manufacturing cost and are not beneficial to large-scale use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a purifying sheet for quick pesticide residue detection pretreatment. The purification sheet can effectively remove pigments in detected vegetable samples and inhibit the influence of secondary metabolites on enzymes, thereby improving the detection accuracy of pesticide residues.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a purifying tablet for the pretreatment of quick test of pesticide residue comprises an upper layer carrier and a lower layer carrier, wherein an adsorbent is fixed between the carriers, and the purifying tablet also contains a plant secondary metabolite inhibitor.
As a further improvement of the purification sheet, the mass ratio of the adsorbent to the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is (100-180): (10-20).
As a further improvement of the purification tablet, the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is separately packaged and added before use; or mixed in the adsorbent.
In a further improvement of the above purification sheet, the adsorbent is at least one selected from diatomaceous earth, bentonite, white carbon, activated carbon, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina, and magnesium silicate, preferably at least 2.
As a further improvement of the purification sheet, the adsorbent consists of diatomite, white carbon black and alumina.
As a further improvement of the purifying sheet, the mass mixing ratio of the diatomite, the white carbon black and the alumina is (1-50): (1-40): (10-100).
As a further improvement of the purifying sheet, the mass mixing ratio of the diatomite, the white carbon black and the alumina is (5-50): (5-20): (40-80).
As a further improvement of the above purification tablet, the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is composed of ascorbic acid and potassium ferrocyanide. Preferably, the mixing ratio of the ascorbic acid to the potassium ferrocyanide by mass is (1-10): (1-10).
A method for treating the vegetable sample before quickly detecting the residual agricultural chemical includes eluting the vegetable sample with buffer solution, and adding said detergent.
A method for quickly measuring the residual agricultural chemical in vegetables includes such steps as pretreating the vegetable sample, and taking the treated liquid to determine the residual agricultural chemical.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the purifying tablet disclosed by the invention can effectively remove pigments in detected vegetable samples and inhibit the influence of secondary metabolites on enzymes, so that the influence of the pigments and the secondary metabolites on the detection of pesticide residues is avoided, and the detection accuracy is improved.
The purification sheet disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, convenient to use and carry, and especially suitable for treating samples to be detected on site and in large batches.
The purifying sheet of the invention can be selectively added with different amounts according to the condition of the treatment fluid so as to achieve a satisfactory detection result.
Detailed Description
A purifying tablet for the pretreatment of quick test of pesticide residue comprises an upper layer carrier and a lower layer carrier, wherein an adsorbent is fixed between the carriers, and the purifying tablet also contains a plant secondary metabolite inhibitor.
The material of the carrier has no special requirements, so long as the sample liquid can be permeated. The adsorbent may be immobilized between the carriers using any known means of physical adhesion, enclosure, or the like. Has no influence on the using effect.
When the purifying sheet is used, different numbers of the purifying sheets can be added according to different color shades and different amounts of sample liquid so as to achieve satisfactory treatment effect.
As a further improvement of the purification sheet, the mass ratio of the adsorbent to the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is (100-180): (10-20).
As the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor can be dispersed into a sample, for the convenience of use or storage, the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is separately packaged and added before use as a further improvement of the purification sheet; or mixed in the adsorbent.
In a further improvement of the above purification sheet, the adsorbent is at least one selected from diatomaceous earth, bentonite, white carbon, activated carbon, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina, and magnesium silicate, preferably at least 2.
As a further improvement of the purification sheet, the adsorbent consists of diatomite, white carbon black and alumina.
As a further improvement of the purifying sheet, the mass mixing ratio of the diatomite, the white carbon black and the alumina is (1-50): (1-40): (10-100).
As a further improvement of the purifying sheet, the mass mixing ratio of the diatomite, the white carbon black and the alumina is (5-50): (5-40): (30-80), further (10-30): (15-40): (40-60).
As a further improvement of the above purification tablet, the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is composed of ascorbic acid and potassium ferrocyanide. Preferably, the mixing ratio of the ascorbic acid to the potassium ferrocyanide by mass is (1-10): (1-10).
A method for treating the vegetable sample before quickly detecting the residual agricultural chemical includes eluting the vegetable sample with buffer solution, and adding said detergent.
A method for quickly measuring the residual agricultural chemical in vegetables includes such steps as pretreating the vegetable sample, and taking the treated liquid to determine the residual agricultural chemical.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It will also be understood that the following examples are included merely for purposes of further illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as the invention extends to insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention following in the light of the principles set forth herein. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, and the skilled person can make a selection within the suitable ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific data of the following examples.
Example 1
A purifying sheet for use in the pretreatment of pesticide residue before rapid test is prepared by fixing 50mg of diatomaceous earth, 40mg of white carbon black, 10mg of alumina adsorbent, 8mg of ascorbic acid and 5mg of potassium ferrocyanide between upper and lower layers of water-absorbing filter paper.
Example 2
A purification sheet for use in the pretreatment of rapid test of pesticide residue comprises upper and lower layers of absorbent filter paper, and fixed therein 10mg of diatomaceous earth, 25mg of white carbon black, 65mg of alumina adsorbent, 7mg of ascorbic acid and 4mg of potassium ferrocyanide.
Example 3
A purification sheet for use in the pretreatment of rapid test of pesticide residue comprises upper and lower layers of absorbent filter paper, and fixed therein 30mg of diatomaceous earth, 35mg of white carbon black, 35mg of alumina adsorbent, 4mg of ascorbic acid and 7mg of potassium ferrocyanide.
Example 4
A purification sheet for use in the pretreatment of rapid test of pesticide residue comprises upper and lower layers of absorbent filter paper, and fixed therein 5mg of diatomaceous earth, 40mg of white carbon black, 55mg of alumina adsorbent, 1mg of ascorbic acid and 8mg of potassium ferrocyanide.
Example 5
A purification sheet for use in the pretreatment of rapid test of pesticide residue comprises upper and lower layers of absorbent filter paper, and fixed therein 30mg of diatomaceous earth, 10mg of white carbon black, 60mg of alumina adsorbent, 5mg of ascorbic acid and 5mg of potassium ferrocyanide.
Comparative example 1
A purifying sheet for use in the pretreatment of rapid detection of pesticide residue comprises upper and lower layers of water-absorbing filter paper, and 50mg of diatomaceous earth, 20mg of white carbon black, and 70mg of alumina adsorbent fixed between the upper and lower layers of water-absorbing filter paper.
Comparative example 2
A purifying sheet for use in the pretreatment of pesticide residue rapid test comprises upper and lower layers of water-absorbing filter paper, and fixed therein 50mg of diatomaceous earth, 20mg of white carbon black, 70mg of alumina adsorbent, and 10mg of potassium ferrocyanide.
Comparative example 3
A purifying tablet for the pre-treatment of pesticide residue is prepared by fixing 50mg of diatomaceous earth, 20mg of white carbon black, 70mg of alumina adsorbent, and 20mg of ascorbic acid between upper and lower layers of water-absorbing filter paper.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to experiments.
The following pesticide residue detection method was carried out according to the standard KJ 201710.
Weighing 3g of vegetables, cutting into pieces with the length of 1cm, adding 10mL of phosphate buffer solution, sufficiently oscillating and extracting, then transferring the eluent by a liquid transfer device to obtain about 8mL of the eluent, adding a purifying sheet (10mm multiplied by 100mm), oscillating, standing for 10min or centrifuging for 10min to obtain the sample treatment solution for removing the pigment and inhibiting the plant secondary metabolites.
Weighing 3g of Chinese chives without pesticide residues, shearing the Chinese chives into 1cm in length, adding 10mL of phosphate buffer solution, sufficiently oscillating for extraction, and then using a pipettor to remove eluent, wherein the volume of the eluent is about 8 mL:
1) adding a piece of the purification sheet (10 mm. times.100 mm) of example 1, shaking and centrifuging for 10min to obtain a sample treatment solution I;
2) adding a purifying sheet (10mm multiplied by 100mm) in comparative example 1, and centrifuging for 10min after oscillation to obtain a sample treatment liquid II;
3) adding a purification piece (10mm multiplied by 100mm) in comparative example 2, and centrifuging for 10min after oscillation to obtain a sample treatment liquid III;
4) adding a purification piece (10mm multiplied by 100mm) in the comparative example 3, and centrifuging for 10min after oscillation to obtain a sample treatment solution IV;
5) and (3) treating 3g of Chinese chives without pesticide residues according to a sample treatment method described in the standard KJ201710 to obtain a sample pretreatment liquid V.
The existing commercial enzyme kit and pesticide residue rapid detector are used for detection at 412nm (each group is used for 3 parallel tests), the absorbance is recorded, and the inhibition rate is calculated, wherein the data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1:
the color of the treatment liquid I and the color of the treatment liquid V treated according to the standard KJ201710 are respectively transparent, colorless and turbid green, which indicates that the pigment of the treatment liquid can be effectively removed through the treatment of a purification sheet, the inhibition rate of the treatment liquid V can not be detected, and similar detection conditions are reflected in the tests of other dark-colored vegetables, which indicates that the liquid without the treatment of the pigment can cover the color of an enzymatic reaction product and is difficult to be used for pesticide residue detection;
when only one plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is added (namely, the treatment liquid III and the treatment liquid IV), the inhibitor has a certain effect when the amount of the inhibitor is larger, and the effect is more obvious by using ascorbic acid, while the effect of potassium ferrocyanide is not obvious because the activity of the AchE enzyme used in a reaction system is reduced to a certain extent when the amount of the inhibitor is too large, and the similar rule is shown in other vegetable tests; when the ascorbic acid and the potassium ferrocyanide are used in combination, a better inhibition rate can be achieved under the condition of low use amount (such as the result of the treatment fluid I), which shows that the two substances have special effects respectively, so that the two substances have better effect when used in combination;
as can be seen from the treatment solutions II, III and IV, when no plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is added, plant secondary metabolites interfering enzyme reaction still exist in the vegetable treatment solution, so that the inhibition rate of the vegetable treatment solution on the AchE is high (the qualification judgment line: the inhibition rate is less than 50%), and the result is false positive;
according to the method, the addition of the plant secondary metabolite inhibitors ascorbic acid and potassium ferrocyanide enables part of unadsorbed secondary metabolites in the filtered liquid to be detected to be inhibited without generating negative influence on enzyme reaction, and the accuracy of the detection result is effectively improved.
Carbofuran test results of different pre-treatments
1) Treating 3g of celery without pesticide residues according to the standard KJ201710, adding 10mL of phosphate buffer solution and 0.02ppm of carbofuran with the detection limit level, sufficiently oscillating and extracting, then using a pipette to remove eluent with the volume of about 8mL, adding a purifying sheet (10mm multiplied by 100mm) in the example 2, oscillating and centrifuging for 10min to obtain a treatment solution a;
2) treating according to a sample treatment method described in standard KJ201710 to obtain a sample treatment liquid b;
3) a treatment solution c was prepared by adding carbofuran (0.02 ppm) to 10mL of the buffer solution at a detection limit level.
The detection was carried out at 412nm using a commercial enzyme kit and a rapid pesticide residue detector (2 parallel tests per group), and the data are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2:
the detection results of the treatment liquid a and the treatment liquid c are close to each other and accord with the actual pesticide residue, which shows that the detection liquid obtained by the purification sheet of the invention can effectively remove various pigments and various plant secondary metabolites inhibiting the interfering enzyme reaction, thereby greatly solving the false positive phenomenon and also showing that the content of the original pesticide residue cannot be influenced after the purification sheet is used for treatment;
from the comparison of the treatment liquid b and the treatment liquid c, it can be known that the treatment according to the standard KJ201710 can not inhibit plant secondary metabolites, and finally the enzyme inhibition rate is obviously high, so that in practical application, vegetables without pesticide residues or with residues meeting the national standard limit can also be detected as positive, namely, false positive detection results are generated.
Detection result of common vegetable sample
Respectively taking 3g of Chinese chives, celery, spinach, pakchoi and amaranth without pesticide residues, adding 10mL of phosphate buffer solution and 0.02ppm of carbofuran with detection limit level according to the standard KJ201710, and fully vibrating to obtain eluent;
1. using a filter column filled with 300mg of diatomite to obtain a treatment solution 1;
2. a filter column filled with 300mg of alumina is used for obtaining a treatment solution 2;
3. a filter column filled with 300mg of magnesium silicate is used for obtaining a treatment solution 3;
4. commercial SPE filter column to obtain treatment 4;
5. a common 0.22 mu m filter membrane filter is adopted to obtain a treatment solution 5;
6. the purification sheet of example 2 was added to obtain a treated liquid 6
Pesticide residue detection was performed at 412nm using a commercial enzyme kit and a pesticide residue rapid detector (2 parallel tests were performed per group), and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the common adsorbents diatomite, magnesium silicate, alumina, commercial SPE columns and 0.22-micron filter heads cannot adsorb or inhibit vegetables containing plant secondary metabolites such as Chinese chives, celery and amaranth when the vegetables are treated, and the combination of two or more of the common adsorbents cannot achieve the adsorption or inhibition effect, so that the characteristic vegetable sample has false positive in pesticide residue detection; different adsorbents are different in performance when spinach is treated, and only a needle type filter membrane filter with the diameter of 0.22 mu m has a certain effect; from the color of the treated treatment liquid, the treatment liquid filtered by the diatomite, the magnesium silicate, the alumina and the SPE column is nearly transparent and colorless, and the treatment liquid treated by the needle type filter is light yellow to yellow; the treatment liquid treated by the purification sheet in the embodiment 2 is nearly transparent and colorless, has good adsorption or inhibition effect on special vegetable samples containing secondary metabolites or other vegetable samples, ensures the detection accuracy and well solves the problem of false positive in pesticide residue detection.
Claims (8)
1. A purification sheet for quick detection pretreatment of pesticide residues comprises an upper layer of carrier and a lower layer of carrier, wherein an adsorbent is fixed between the carriers, the purification sheet also contains ascorbic acid and potassium ferrocyanide, and the mass ratio of the adsorbent to the sum of the mass of the ascorbic acid and the mass of the potassium ferrocyanide is (100-180): (10-20); the mass mixing ratio of the ascorbic acid to the potassium ferrocyanide is (1-10): (1-10).
2. The purification sheet of claim 1, wherein: the plant secondary metabolite inhibitor is separately packaged and added before use; or mixed in the adsorbent.
3. The purification sheet of claim 1, wherein: the adsorbent is at least one selected from diatomite, bentonite, white carbon black, active carbon, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina and magnesium silicate.
4. The purification sheet of claim 3, wherein: the adsorbent is at least 2 selected from diatomite, bentonite, white carbon black, active carbon, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina and magnesium silicate.
5. The purification sheet of claim 4, wherein: the adsorbent consists of diatomite, white carbon black and alumina.
6. The purification sheet of claim 5, wherein: the mass mixing ratio of the diatomite, the white carbon black and the alumina is (1-50): (1-40): (10-100).
7. A method for treating a vegetable sample before rapid detection of pesticide residues comprises eluting the vegetable sample with a buffer solution, and adding a purification sheet for treatment, wherein the purification sheet is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the vegetable is selected from leek, celery, spinach, pakchoi or bitter maiden.
8. A method for quickly detecting the residual agricultural chemical in vegetables includes such steps as pretreating the vegetable specimen, choosing the vegetable from Chinese chives, celery, spinach, pakchoi and bitter wheat, and collecting the liquid specimen.
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