CN108434988B - Device and method for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG (boil off gas) and yellow plume - Google Patents

Device and method for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG (boil off gas) and yellow plume Download PDF

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CN108434988B
CN108434988B CN201810298857.4A CN201810298857A CN108434988B CN 108434988 B CN108434988 B CN 108434988B CN 201810298857 A CN201810298857 A CN 201810298857A CN 108434988 B CN108434988 B CN 108434988B
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bog
threshold value
concentration
proportional valve
exhaust gas
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CN108434988A (en
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高健
刘城君
范昊
刘雪雷
王廷勇
王洪仁
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Sunrui Marine Environment Engineering Co ltd
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Sunrui Marine Environment Engineering Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1021—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/209—Other metals
    • B01D2255/2092—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7025—Methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/20—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

A device and a method for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume are provided, wherein the device comprises an exhaust gas collecting pipe, a BOG collecting pipe, a catalytic reactor, a heat exchanger and a controller, an air inlet end of the exhaust gas collecting pipe is connected with a diesel engine, an exhaust end of the BOG collecting pipe is connected into the exhaust gas collecting pipe, the heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust gas collecting pipe and located in front of the exhaust end of the BOG collecting pipe, the heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust gas bypass, a switch valve is arranged in the exhaust gas bypass, the catalytic reactor is arranged in the exhaust gas collecting pipe and located behind the exhaust end of the BOG collecting pipe, and NO in BOG and exhaust2The reaction taking place in a catalytic reactor, the exhaust manifold being provided after the catalytic reactor for detecting NO2The BOG collecting pipe is internally provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the switch valve and each sensor and is used for controlling the switch valve to work according to data measured by each sensor. The invention can simultaneously remove incomplete NO in BOG and waste gas2The treatment is carried out, and the emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume is effectively reduced.

Description

Device and method for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG (boil off gas) and yellow plume
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air pollution prevention and control, in particular to a device and a method for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume.
Background
BOG (Boil-Off Gas) is a low-temperature liquid in which a Gas is liquefied under pressure at a temperature lower than its critical temperature, and is a Gas that evaporates by absorbing external heat because it is difficult to insulate absolutely from the environment. In the field of ships, common BOG is typically LNG (liquefied Natural Gas), whose main component is methane, which has a greenhouse effect 72 times stronger than carbon dioxide. International maritime organization (IMO for short) requires the loading capacity of 125000m3The standard boil-off rate of the LNG carrier of (1) is 0.12% per day, that is, about 150m per day for this class of LNG carrier3Of LNGTo 90000Nm3Natural gas. With the advance of thermal insulation technology, the daily evaporation rate of the LNG transport ship can be reduced to 0.05% at the lowest, and BOG still needs to be treated.
Marine BOG processing methods generally include emptying, reliquefaction, and burning. The emptying means an emergency measure adopted when the LNG evaporation capacity suddenly increases due to some reasons and exceeds the processing capacity of reliquefaction and combustion and the pressure of a cargo hold safety release valve exceeds a set value. The BOG is now released directly into the atmosphere through the air permeable mast. The reliquefaction means that the BOG is led out, pressurized by a compressor, cooled by a condenser and reliquefied. The BOG reliquefaction apparatuses are generally classified into a total reliquefaction apparatus, a self-contained reliquefaction apparatus, and a partial reliquefaction apparatus, but a small amount of BOG leaks in actual operation regardless of the liquefaction mode. The combustion refers to that in the ocean transportation process of the LNG ship, BOG is used as fuel to drive power equipment to drive the LNG ship to sail and provide energy. The related combustion apparatus includes a dual-fuel diesel engine, a gas turbine, and a gas combustion device. The combustion and liquefaction methods are mutually matched, so that the energy consumption can be optimized to the maximum extent. However, due to the nature of the external combustion device, a small amount of BOG is again discharged to the atmosphere. Therefore, how to further reduce the emission of BOG gas becomes a concern.
Dual fuel diesel engines and gas turbines produce a yellow plume (yellowpumme) when fuelled with methane. This is due to the fact that both produce more NO during combustion2When NO2When the concentration in the exhaust gas exceeds 15ppm, the color of the exhaust gas becomes yellow, and the color of the exhaust gas causes concern to surrounding people, thereby causing intervention of environmental regulatory authorities. In the land-source gas turbine project, the SCR method is mostly adopted to decolor yellow plume, but on a ship, due to the influence of the volume and efficiency of a catalyst, part of NO is easy to remain2Is discharged to the atmosphere. Therefore, how to further discharge the yellow plume is also very interesting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG and yellow plume and a deviceMethod for simultaneously removing not completely removed NO in BOG and waste gas2The treatment is carried out, and the emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume is effectively reduced.
The invention provides a device for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume, which comprises an exhaust gas collecting pipe, a BOG collecting pipe, a catalytic reactor, a heat exchanger and a controller, wherein the air inlet end of the exhaust gas collecting pipe is connected with a diesel engine, the air outlet end of the BOG collecting pipe is connected into the exhaust gas collecting pipe, the heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust gas collecting pipe and positioned in front of the air outlet end of the BOG collecting pipe, the heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust gas bypass, a switch valve is arranged in the exhaust gas bypass, the catalytic reactor is arranged in the exhaust gas collecting pipe and positioned behind the air outlet end of the BOG collecting pipe, and NO in BOG and exhaust gas2The reaction takes place in the catalytic reactor, the exhaust gas header being provided after the catalytic reactor for detecting NO2The BOG collecting pipe is internally provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the switch valve and the sensors and is used for controlling the switch valve to work according to data measured by the sensors.
Wherein the catalytic reactor uses an aluminum-based platinum catalyst.
Wherein the controller is also used for determining the BOG gas collecting amount according to the BOG flow and the concentration in the BOG collecting pipe and respectively judging NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, and when the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than the second threshold value and NO is less than the first threshold value2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be closed, and NO is performed2When the concentration is not more than the first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be opened, and when NO is not more than the first threshold value2When the concentration and the BOG gas collection amount are both larger than corresponding threshold values, according to the BOG and the NO2Controls the on-off valve to operate.
Wherein the apparatus further comprises a BOG branch pipe and a denitration reactor, the denitration reactor is arranged in the exhaust gas header and is positioned in front of the heat exchanger, the gas inlet end of the BOG branch pipe is communicated with the BOG collecting pipe, the gas outlet end of the BOG branch pipe is connected into the waste gas collecting pipe and is positioned in front of the denitration reactor, the BOG header is provided with a first proportional valve between the exhaust end of the BOG header and the gas inlet end of the BOG branch pipe, a second proportional valve is arranged in the BOG branch pipe, sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration are arranged in the BOG collecting pipe before and after the first proportional valve, the exhaust gas manifold is provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration after the catalytic reactor, the controller is also used for controlling the switch valve, the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve to work according to data measured by the sensors.
The controller is also used for respectively determining BOG gas collection amount, BOG split flow and BOG emission amount according to the BOG flow and concentration measured by the sensors and respectively judging NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, and, when NO is greater than the first threshold value2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed and controlling the switch valve to be closed according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve when the concentration is not greater than the preset value2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO are measured2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve when the concentration is not greater than the preset value2When the concentration is not greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be closed, the opening degree of the first proportional valve is zero, the opening degree of the second proportional valve is 100%, and when NO is detected2The concentration is not greater than a first threshold value, the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the opening of the switch valve is controlled to be opened, the opening of the first proportional valve is zero, and the opening of the second proportional valve is 100%.
The invention also provides a method for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG and yellow plume, which comprises the following steps:
conveying the exhaust gas of the diesel engine to a catalytic reactor by using an exhaust gas header;
before the exhaust gas enters the catalytic reactor, regulating the temperature of the exhaust gas by utilizing a heat exchanger arranged in the exhaust gas header and an exhaust gas bypass of the heat exchanger, wherein an on-off valve is arranged in the exhaust gas bypass;
BOG is delivered to the catalytic reactor using a BOG header to react with NO in the exhaust2Reacting, wherein the exhaust end of the BOG header is connected into the waste gas header and is positioned behind the heat exchanger;
detecting NO with a sensor arranged after the catalytic reactor2Concentration, and detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using a sensor arranged in the BOG header;
and controlling the switch valve to work by using a controller according to the data measured by each sensor.
Wherein the temperature of the waste gas before entering the heat exchanger is 200-500 ℃, and the temperature of the waste gas after entering the heat exchanger is less than 200 ℃.
Wherein, the control according to the data that each sensor surveyed the ooff valve carries out work, include:
determining the BOG gas collection amount according to the BOG flow and the concentration in the BOG collection pipe;
separately determine NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and whether the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value;
when the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed;
when NO is present2When the concentration is not greater than a first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be opened;
when NO is present2When the concentration and the BOG gas collection amount are both larger than corresponding threshold values, according to the BOG and the NO2Controls the on-off valve to operate.
Wherein the method further comprises:
denitrating the exhaust gas by using a denitration reactor arranged in the exhaust gas header before the exhaust gas enters the heat exchanger;
guiding BOG to the gas inlet end of the denitration reactor by using a BOG branch pipe which is communicated with the waste gas collecting pipe and the BOG collecting pipe so as to perform denitration reaction with waste gas;
controlling a split ratio of the BOG using a first proportional valve provided in a pipe of the BOG header between a discharge end of the BOG header and a gas inlet end of the BOG branch pipe, and a second proportional valve provided in the BOG branch pipe;
detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using sensors respectively arranged on the BOG header pipe and positioned before and after the first proportional valve, and detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using a sensor arranged behind the catalytic reactor;
and controlling the switch valve, the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve to work by using a controller according to data measured by each sensor.
Wherein, the said switch valve, the said first proportional valve and the said second proportional valve of data control according to every sensor survey work, include:
determining BOG gas collection amount, BOG flow rate and BOG emission amount according to the BOG flow rate and concentration measured by each sensor;
separately determine NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and whether the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value;
when NO is present2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed and controlling the switch valve to be closed according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve;
when NO is present2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO are measured2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve;
when NO is present2When the concentration is not greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed, the opening of the first proportional valve to be zero and the opening of the second proportional valve to be 100%;
when NO is present2The concentration is not more than a first threshold value, the BOG gas collection amount is more than a second threshold value, the opening and closing valve is controlled to be opened, and the first threshold value is controlledThe proportional valve opening is zero and the second proportional valve opening is 100%.
The device and the method for simultaneously reducing the emission of BOG and yellow plume utilize the heat exchanger and the waste gas bypass to adjust the temperature of the waste gas, so that the BOG entering the catalytic reactor and the NO in the waste gas2Different reactions occur at different temperatures, the BOG removal device can be suitable for removing residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and emptying to generate BOG without additionally configuring chemical substances, the BOG treatment capacity range is large, and residual NO in waste gas can be fully removed2The method realizes the simultaneous realization of decolorization and denitration and effectively reduces the emission of BOG and yellow plume.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume in another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume in one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, "before" and "after" both refer to the flow direction of the gas in the pipeline, where "before" indicates that the position is located at an upstream position in the flow direction of the gas, and "after" indicates that the position is located at a downstream position in the flow direction of the gas.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume in one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for reducing emission of both BOG and yellow plume in this embodiment includes an exhaust manifold 5, a BOG manifold 8, a catalytic reactor 4, a heat exchanger 3, and a controller (not shown).
The inlet end of the exhaust manifold 5 is connected to the diesel engine 1, and the BOG manifold 8The exhaust end is connected into an exhaust gas header 5, the heat exchanger 3 is arranged in the exhaust gas header 5 and is positioned in front of the exhaust end of the BOG header 8, the heat exchanger 3 is provided with an exhaust gas bypass 11, the exhaust gas bypass 11 is provided with a switch valve 12, the catalytic reactor 4 is arranged in the exhaust gas header 5 and is positioned behind the exhaust end of the BOG header 8, and BOG and NO in the exhaust gas2The reaction takes place in a catalytic reactor 4, and an exhaust manifold 5 is provided after the catalytic reactor 4 for detecting NO2And a BOG manifold 8 is provided with a sensor for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration.
In one embodiment, the catalytic reactor 4 uses an aluminum-based platinum catalyst, under the action of which only NO will be present if the temperature is below 200 ℃2Reaction for converting NO, with a conversion rate of 96% at most, and NO if the temperature is more than 200 deg.CXConversion to N2And CH4Oxidation to CO2And water.
Specifically, the temperature of the exhaust gas before entering the heat exchanger 3 is 200-500 ℃, the temperature of the exhaust gas after entering the heat exchanger 3 is less than 200 ℃, when the on-off valve 12 in the exhaust gas bypass 11 is opened, the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the catalytic reactor 4 is higher, the treatment amount of the BOG is larger, but the treatment amount of the yellow smoke plume is relatively reduced, on the contrary, when the on-off valve 12 in the exhaust gas bypass 11 is closed, the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the catalytic reactor 4 is lower, the treatment requirement on the yellow smoke plume is met, but the treatment amount of the BOG is smaller. Thus, when the BOG source entering the BOG header 8 is reliquefied or combusted BOG or vented BOG, the temperature of the exhaust gas can be adjusted according to the BOG gas collection amount so as to utilize BOG as a reducing agent to react with NO in the exhaust gas under the action of a catalyst2The reaction can reduce the generation of yellow smoke plume on one hand, and can further reduce the emission of BOG on the other hand, and the reaction is suitable for LNG transport ships or ships with dual-fuel diesel engines and gas internal combustion engines.
In one embodiment, the controller is configured to determine the BOG purge amount according to the BOG flow and the concentration in the BOG header 8, and to determine NO separately2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, and when the BOG gas collection amount is not largeAt a second threshold and NO2When the concentration is greater than the first threshold value, the on-off valve 12 is controlled to be closed, and when NO is detected2When the concentration is not more than the first threshold value, the on-off valve 12 is controlled to be opened, and when NO is in the range2When the concentration and the BOG gas collection amount are both larger than corresponding threshold values, according to the BOG and the NO2Controls the on-off valve 12 to operate.
Specifically, the above control process of the controller may include the following four parts:
(1) the BOG collecting pipe 8 collects the residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and discharges yellow smoke plume, and the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO is generated2When the concentration is greater than the first threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be closed so as to ensure that no yellow plume is generated;
(2) the BOG collecting pipe 8 collects the residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and NO yellow smoke plume is discharged, and the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value, the on-off valve 12 is controlled to be opened so as to ensure the maximum BOG treatment capacity;
(3) the BOG header 8 collects the vented BOG and NO yellow plume is discharged, when the BOG gas collection amount is larger than a second threshold value and NO is discharged2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value, the on-off valve 12 is controlled to be opened so as to ensure the maximum BOG treatment capacity;
(4) the BOG collecting pipe 8 collects the emptied BOG and has yellow smoke plume to be discharged, and at the moment, the BOG gas collection amount is larger than a second threshold value and NO is emitted2The concentration is greater than a first threshold value according to BOG and NO2Controls the on-off valve 12 to operate when the processing priority of the BOG is higher than that of the NO2When the valve 12 is controlled to be opened to ensure the maximum BOG processing amount, otherwise, the valve 12 is controlled to be closed to ensure that no yellow plume is generated.
The device for reducing the emission of BOG and yellow plume at the same time utilizes the heat exchanger and the waste gas bypass to adjust the temperature of the waste gas, so that the BOG entering the catalytic reactor and the NO in the waste gas2Different reactions occur at different temperatures, so that the BOG removal device is suitable for removing residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and generating BOG by emptying, the BOG treatment capacity range is large, and residual NO in waste gas can be fully removed2Increase BThe design margin of OG reliquefaction and combustion also provides a solution for the uncontrolled emission of BOG caused by emptying, so that the decolorization and denitration are realized simultaneously, and the emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume is effectively reduced. Furthermore, the use of self-generated NO during the operation of the vesselXAnd BOG gas is used as an oxidant and a reducing agent, two pollution sources can be eliminated simultaneously under the action of a catalyst, and additional chemical substances are not required to be configured.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume in another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus for reducing emission of both BOG and yellow plume in this embodiment is mainly different from the above embodiment in that a BOG branch pipe 81 and a denitration reactor 2 are further included.
The denitration reactor 2 is arranged in the waste gas header 5 and is positioned in front of the heat exchanger 3, the air inlet end of the BOG branch pipe 81 is communicated with the BOG branch pipe 8, the air outlet end of the BOG branch pipe 81 is connected into the waste gas header 5 and is positioned in front of the denitration reactor 2, the BOG header 8 is provided with a first proportional valve 6 between the air outlet end of the BOG branch pipe 8 and the air inlet end of the BOG branch pipe 81, the BOG branch pipe 81 is provided with a second proportional valve 7, the BOG header 8 is provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration before and after the first proportional valve 6, the waste gas header 5 is provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration after the catalytic reactor 4, and the controller is also used for controlling the on-off valve 12, the first proportional valve 6 and the second proportional valve 7 to work according to data detected by the sensors.
Specifically, in the denitration reactor 2, the catalyst used is a vanadium-based catalyst, and the selection range of the reducing agent can be expanded from ammonia gas to a variety of simple organic substances including methane, so that BOG is introduced into the denitration reactor 2 and NO in the exhaust gasXCarrying out catalytic reaction, namely, utilizing the self-source generated NO in the running process of the shipXAnd BOG gas is used as an oxidant and a reducing agent, two pollution sources are eliminated simultaneously, chemical substances such as ammonia water or urea are not required to be additionally configured, ship load is reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for ships needing to use the denitration reactor 2.
In one embodiment, the controller is configured to determine the BOG set according to the BOG flow and the BOG concentration measured by each sensor respectivelyGas flow, BOG split flow and BOG emission, and respectively judging NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, and, when NO is greater than the first threshold value2When the concentration is greater than the first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than the second threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be closed, and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow amount, the BOG discharge amount and NO are measured2The opening degrees of the first proportional valve 6 and the second proportional valve 7 corresponding to the opening degrees are controlled according to the concentration when NO is generated2When the concentration is greater than the first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than the second threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow amount, the BOG discharge amount and the NO are measured2The opening degrees of the first proportional valve 6 and the second proportional valve 7 corresponding to the opening degrees are controlled according to the concentration when NO is generated2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than the second threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be closed, the opening degree of the first proportional valve 6 is zero, the opening degree of the second proportional valve 7 is controlled to be 100%, and when NO is detected2The concentration is not more than the first threshold value, the BOG gas collection amount is more than the second threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be opened, the opening degree of the first proportional valve 6 is zero, and the opening degree of the second proportional valve 7 is 100%.
Specifically, the BOG catchment amount is the BOG amount in the BOG header 8, the BOG split amount is the BOG amount in the BOG branch pipe 81, and the BOG discharge amount is the BOG amount discharged from the catalytic reactor 4, and the above-described control process of the controller may include the following four parts:
(1) the BOG collecting pipe 8 collects the residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and discharges yellow smoke plume, and the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO is generated2When the concentration is greater than the first threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be closed and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG flow rate, the BOG discharge amount and the NO are determined according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG flow rate, the BOG discharge amount2The opening degree of the first proportional valve 6 and the opening degree of the second proportional valve 7 are controlled to be corresponding, so that yellow smoke plume disappears and the BOG emission value is reduced;
(2) the BOG collecting pipe 8 collects the residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and NO yellow smoke plume is discharged, and the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value, the on-off valve 12 is controlled to be closed, the opening degree of the first proportional valve 6 is zero, the opening degree of the second proportional valve 7 is 100%, and the BOG emission value is reduced;
(3) BOG header 8 collects the vented BOG and no yellowDischarging the color plume, wherein the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value and NO is generated2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value, the on-off valve 12 is controlled to be opened, the opening degree of the first proportional valve 6 is zero, the opening degree of the second proportional valve 7 is 100%, and the BOG emission value is reduced;
(4) the BOG collecting pipe 8 collects the emptied BOG and has yellow smoke plume to be discharged, and at the moment, the BOG gas collection amount is larger than a second threshold value and NO is emitted2The concentration is greater than the first threshold value, the switch valve 12 is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG flow rate, the BOG discharge amount and the NO are controlled according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG flow rate, the BOG discharge amount2The opening degree of the first proportional valve 6 and the opening degree of the second proportional valve 7 are controlled by concentration, yellow smoke plume disappears, and the BOG emission value is reduced.
The device for reducing the emission of BOG and yellow plume at the same time utilizes the heat exchanger and the waste gas bypass to adjust the temperature of the waste gas, so that the BOG entering the catalytic reactor and the NO in the waste gas2Different reactions occur at different temperatures, so that the BOG removal device is suitable for removing residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and generating BOG by emptying, the BOG treatment capacity range is large, and residual NO in waste gas can be fully removed2The design margin of BOG reliquefaction and combustion is increased, a solution is provided for the uncontrolled emission of BOG caused by emptying, the decolorization and denitration are realized at the same time, and the emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume is effectively reduced. Self-generating NO during marine operationsXAnd BOG gas is used as an oxidant and a reducing agent, and under the action of a catalyst, two pollution sources are eliminated simultaneously, and no additional chemical substance is required to be configured.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume in one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the method for reducing emission of BOG and yellow plume at the same time of the present embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
step 310, conveying the exhaust gas of the diesel engine to a catalytic reactor by using an exhaust gas header;
step 320, before the waste gas enters the catalytic reactor, adjusting the temperature of the waste gas by utilizing a heat exchanger arranged in a waste gas collecting pipe and a waste gas bypass of the heat exchanger, wherein a switch valve is arranged in the waste gas bypass;
step 330, using the BOG header to deliver BOG to the catalytic reactorWith NO in the exhaust gases2Reacting, wherein the exhaust end of the BOG header is connected into the waste gas header and is positioned behind the heat exchanger;
step 340, detecting NO with a sensor arranged after the catalytic reactor2The BOG flow and the BOG concentration are detected by a sensor arranged in a BOG collecting pipe;
and 350, controlling the switch valve to work by using the controller according to the data measured by each sensor.
It should be understood that the execution sequence of the above steps is not limited to the above description sequence, and some steps may be performed simultaneously.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the exhaust gas before entering the heat exchanger is 200-.
In one embodiment, the controlling the on-off valve to operate according to the data measured by each sensor includes:
determining the BOG gas collection amount according to the BOG flow and the concentration in the BOG collection pipe;
separately determine NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and whether the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value;
when the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed;
when NO is present2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be opened;
when NO is present2When the concentration and the BOG gas collection amount are both larger than corresponding threshold values, according to the BOG and the NO2The switching valve is controlled to operate by the processing priority of (1).
In another embodiment, the method of the present invention further comprises:
before the waste gas enters the heat exchanger, denitration is carried out by utilizing a denitration reactor arranged in a waste gas collecting pipe;
guiding BOG to the gas inlet end of the denitration reactor by using a BOG branch pipe which is communicated with the waste gas collecting pipe and the BOG collecting pipe so as to perform denitration reaction with the waste gas;
controlling the split ratio of the BOG by using a first proportional valve arranged in a pipeline of the BOG header between the exhaust end of the BOG header and the gas inlet end of the BOG branch pipe and a second proportional valve arranged in the BOG branch pipe;
detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using sensors respectively arranged on the BOG header pipe and positioned in front of and behind the first proportional valve, and detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using a sensor arranged behind the catalytic reactor;
and controlling the switch valve, the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve to work by using the controller according to the data measured by each sensor.
It should be understood that the execution sequence of the above steps is not limited to the above description sequence, and some steps may be performed simultaneously.
In one embodiment, the controlling the operation of the on-off valve, the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve according to the data measured by each sensor includes:
determining BOG gas collection amount, BOG flow rate and BOG emission amount according to the BOG flow rate and concentration measured by each sensor;
separately determine NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and whether the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value;
when NO is present2When the concentration is greater than the first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than the second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be closed, and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO are determined according to the BOG gas collection amount2Opening degrees corresponding to the opening of the concentration control first proportional valve and the second proportional valve;
when NO is present2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO are measured2Opening degrees corresponding to the opening of the concentration control first proportional valve and the second proportional valve;
when NO is present2When the concentration is not greater than the first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than the second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be closed, the opening degree of the first proportional valve is zero, and the opening degree of the second proportional valve is 100%;
when NO is present2The concentration is not greater than the first threshold value, the BOG gas collection amount is greater than the second threshold value, the opening of the switch valve is controlled to be zero, and the opening of the second proportional valve is controlled to be 100%.
For the specific steps and processes of the method for reducing emission of BOG and yellow plume in this embodiment, please refer to the specific description of the corresponding embodiment in fig. 1 to fig. 2, which is not repeated herein.
The method for reducing the emission of BOG and yellow plume at the same time utilizes the heat exchanger and the waste gas bypass to adjust the temperature of the waste gas, so that the BOG entering the catalytic reactor and the NO in the waste gas2Different reactions occur at different temperatures, so that the BOG removal device is suitable for removing residual BOG after reliquefaction and combustion gas supply and generating BOG by emptying, the BOG treatment capacity range is large, and residual NO in waste gas can be fully removed2The design margin of BOG reliquefaction and combustion is increased, a solution is provided for the uncontrolled emission of BOG caused by emptying, the decolorization and denitration are realized at the same time, and the emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume is effectively reduced.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The device for simultaneously reducing emission of BOG and yellow smoke plume is characterized by comprising an exhaust gas collecting pipe, a BOG collecting pipe, a catalytic reactor, a heat exchanger and a controller, wherein the air inlet end of the exhaust gas collecting pipe is connected with a diesel engine, the air outlet end of the BOG collecting pipe is connected into the exhaust gas collecting pipe, the heat exchanger is arranged in the exhaust gas collecting pipe and is positioned in front of the air outlet end of the BOG collecting pipe, the heat exchanger is used for cooling exhaust gas, an exhaust gas bypass is arranged in the heat exchanger, a switch valve is arranged in the exhaust gas bypass, the catalytic reactor is arranged in the exhaust gas collecting pipe and is positioned behind the air outlet end of the BOG collecting pipe,the catalytic reactor adopts aluminum-based platinum catalyst, BOG and NO in waste gas2The reaction takes place in the catalytic reactor, the exhaust gas header being provided after the catalytic reactor for detecting NO2The BOG collecting pipe is internally provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow and BOG concentration, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the switch valve and the sensors and is used for controlling the switch valve to work according to data measured by the sensors.
2. The apparatus for reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to determine a BOG mass flow based on the BOG flow and concentration in the BOG manifold, and determine NO separately2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, and when the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than the second threshold value and NO is less than the first threshold value2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be closed, and NO is performed2When the concentration is not more than the first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be opened, and when NO is not more than the first threshold value2When the concentration and the BOG gas collection amount are both larger than corresponding threshold values, according to the BOG and the NO2Controls the on-off valve to operate.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a BOG branch pipe and a denitration reactor, wherein the denitration reactor is disposed in the offgas header before the heat exchanger, an inlet end of the BOG branch pipe is communicated with the BOG header, an outlet end of the BOG branch pipe is connected to the offgas header before the denitration reactor, the BOG header is provided with a first proportional valve between the outlet end of the BOG header and the inlet end of the BOG branch pipe, the BOG branch pipe is provided with a second proportional valve, the BOG header is provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow rate and BOG concentration before and after the first proportional valve, the offgas header is provided with sensors for detecting BOG flow rate and BOG concentration after the catalytic reactor, and the controller is further configured to control the on-off valve, and the controller according to data detected by the sensors, The first proportional valve and the second proportional valve operate.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG gas split amount, and the BOG emission amount according to the BOG flow and the BOG concentration measured by the sensors, and determine the NO according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split amount, and the BOG emission amount2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, and, when NO is greater than the first threshold value2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed and controlling the switch valve to be closed according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve when the concentration is not greater than the preset value2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO are measured2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve when the concentration is not greater than the preset value2When the concentration is not greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be closed, the opening degree of the first proportional valve is zero, the opening degree of the second proportional valve is 100%, and when NO is detected2The concentration is not greater than a first threshold value, the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the opening of the switch valve is controlled to be opened, the opening of the first proportional valve is zero, and the opening of the second proportional valve is 100%.
5. A method for simultaneously reducing BOG and yellow plume emissions, comprising:
conveying the exhaust gas of the diesel engine to a catalytic reactor by using an exhaust gas header, wherein the catalytic reactor adopts an aluminum-based platinum catalyst;
before the exhaust gas enters the catalytic reactor, adjusting the temperature of the exhaust gas by utilizing a heat exchanger arranged in the exhaust gas header and an exhaust gas bypass of the heat exchanger, wherein a switch valve is arranged in the exhaust gas bypass, and the heat exchanger is used for cooling the exhaust gas;
BOG delivery to the catalytic reaction using BOG headersIn the device to react with NO in the exhaust gas2Reacting, wherein the exhaust end of the BOG header is connected into the waste gas header and is positioned behind the heat exchanger;
detecting NO with a sensor arranged after the catalytic reactor2Concentration, and detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using a sensor arranged in the BOG header;
and controlling the switch valve to work by using a controller according to the data measured by each sensor.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the temperature of the waste gas before entering the heat exchanger is 200-500 ℃, and the temperature of the waste gas after entering the heat exchanger is less than 200 ℃.
7. The method for reducing emissions of BOG and yellow plume as set forth in claim 5 or 6, wherein the controlling the on-off valve to operate based on the data measured by the sensors comprises:
determining the BOG gas collection amount according to the BOG flow and the concentration in the BOG collection pipe;
separately determine NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and whether the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value;
when the BOG gas collection amount is not more than a second threshold value and NO2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed;
when NO is present2When the concentration is not greater than a first threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be opened;
when NO is present2When the concentration and the BOG gas collection amount are both larger than corresponding threshold values, according to the BOG and the NO2Controls the on-off valve to operate.
8. The method of reducing emissions of both BOG and yellow plume as claimed in claim 5 or 6, further comprising:
denitrating the exhaust gas by using a denitration reactor arranged in the exhaust gas header before the exhaust gas enters the heat exchanger;
guiding BOG to the gas inlet end of the denitration reactor by using a BOG branch pipe which is communicated with the waste gas collecting pipe and the BOG collecting pipe so as to perform denitration reaction with waste gas;
controlling a split ratio of the BOG using a first proportional valve provided in a pipe of the BOG header between a discharge end of the BOG header and a gas inlet end of the BOG branch pipe, and a second proportional valve provided in the BOG branch pipe;
detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using sensors respectively arranged on the BOG header pipe and positioned before and after the first proportional valve, and detecting the BOG flow and the BOG concentration by using a sensor arranged behind the catalytic reactor;
and controlling the switch valve, the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve to work by using a controller according to data measured by each sensor.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the controlling the on-off valve, the first proportional valve, and the second proportional valve to operate according to the data measured by the sensors comprises:
determining BOG gas collection amount, BOG flow rate and BOG emission amount according to the BOG flow rate and concentration measured by each sensor;
separately determine NO2Whether the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and whether the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value;
when NO is present2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed and controlling the switch valve to be closed according to the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve;
when NO is present2When the concentration is greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the switch valve is controlled to be opened and the BOG gas collection amount, the BOG split flow, the BOG discharge amount and NO are measured2Controlling the opening degree of the first proportional valve corresponding to the opening degree of the second proportional valve;
when NO is present2When the concentration is not greater than a first threshold value and the BOG gas collection amount is not greater than a second threshold value, controlling the switch valve to be closed, the opening of the first proportional valve to be zero and the opening of the second proportional valve to be 100%;
when NO is present2The concentration is not greater than a first threshold value, the BOG gas collection amount is greater than a second threshold value, the opening of the switch valve is controlled to be opened, the opening of the first proportional valve is zero, and the opening of the second proportional valve is 100%.
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CN105003326A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-10-28 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Marine exhaust denitration system
CN106362590A (en) * 2016-11-03 2017-02-01 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Flue gas system and method for raising fume temperature of inlet of SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105003326A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-10-28 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Marine exhaust denitration system
CN106362590A (en) * 2016-11-03 2017-02-01 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Flue gas system and method for raising fume temperature of inlet of SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitration device

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