CN108433796A - 一种嵌入式骨块固定器 - Google Patents

一种嵌入式骨块固定器 Download PDF

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CN108433796A
CN108433796A CN201810343360.XA CN201810343360A CN108433796A CN 108433796 A CN108433796 A CN 108433796A CN 201810343360 A CN201810343360 A CN 201810343360A CN 108433796 A CN108433796 A CN 108433796A
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bone block
pedestal
hollow
wing
axially extending
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李箭
唐新
陈刚
李棋
付维力
熊燕
李鹏程
刘莉
李宇娟
毛云鹤
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West China Hospital of Sichuan University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/685Elements to be fitted on the end of screws or wires, e.g. protective caps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/686Plugs, i.e. elements forming interface between bone hole and implant or fastener, e.g. screw
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/864Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor hollow, e.g. with socket or cannulated
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8897Guide wires or guide pins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/90Guides therefor

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种嵌入式骨块固定器,属于医疗器械领域,包括基座和中空螺钉,所述基座外壁设有外螺纹与骨块连接,基座上端的外壁还设有翼,基座内设有上下贯穿的轴向通孔,轴向通孔设有内螺纹,所述带皮质骨螺帽螺钉中空,并设有与轴向通孔的基座内螺纹相适配的外螺纹,还包括导引针,全程引导设有上下贯穿的中空通道的中空螺钉,导丝与中空通道间隙配合。本发明设计合理、操作简单方便,同时固定稳固,还具有对患者肌肉、皮肤造成的创面小的作用。

Description

一种嵌入式骨块固定器
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种嵌入式骨块固定器。
背景技术
后交叉韧带损伤后,人膝关节会丧失相应的关节后向稳定性,导致功能缺陷,这时需要进行后交叉韧带重建,现有韧带骨块嵌入(inlay)重建技术是将韧带-骨块相连的骨头在胫骨上开设一个与需要固定的骨块相适配的凹槽,骨块为方形与凹槽相匹配以防止骨块旋转,最后将骨块压紧固定,该骨块被称为嵌入式骨块。而现有的嵌入式骨块的压紧固定方式是通过螺钉在骨块上直接拧入固定或带线拖出栓桩固定,但是这些固定方式存在操作繁琐、必须顺行拧入螺钉、固定不稳固、骨块易损坏以及对患者造成的创伤大的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种嵌入式骨块固定器,由两部分重要组件构成,可先制备带肌腱骨块时,预制备好骨块方扁,术中可组合。通过在骨上开设骨隧道,用基座和螺杆将骨块的固定操作位置从骨的另一侧逆行拧入,达到逆行固定,用于解决现有技术存在的操作繁琐必须顺行拧入螺钉及对患者创伤影响大的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:一种嵌入式骨块固定器,包括基座和中空螺钉,所述基座外壁设有外螺纹与骨块连接,基座上端的外壁还设有翼,基座内设有上下贯穿的轴向通孔,轴向通孔设有内螺纹,所述中空螺钉设有与轴向通孔的内螺纹相适配的外螺纹。
优选的,所述翼为非圆形。
进一步的,所述翼为正方形或者六方形。
另一种优选的,所述翼为圆形,翼的侧壁设有均匀分布的轴向凹槽或者凸楞。
优选的,所述中空螺钉上的外螺纹直径为3.5mm。
优选的,所述中空螺钉(2)有若干种,长度包括从10mm~90mm的多种规格,规格齐全,以便术中应用。
优选的,所述翼直径8mm~9.5mm。
进一步的,还包括导引针,所述中空螺钉内设有上下贯穿的中空通道,导丝与中空通道间隙配合。
优选的,所述导丝直径为2mm。
本发明使用过程为:首先,在用于安装嵌入骨块的骨上设置骨隧道;其次在嵌入式骨块上设置通孔,在通孔上设置内螺纹,再将基座通过其上的外螺纹连接到嵌入式骨块上,使基座上的轴向通孔与骨隧道连通;然后将中空螺钉的头端穿过骨隧道后连接到基座的轴向通孔的内螺纹上;拧紧并拉紧中空螺钉即完成嵌入式骨块的压紧固定。
本发明设计合理、操作简单方便,同时固定稳固,还具有对患者肌肉、皮肤造成的创面小的作用,尤其是在嵌入式后交叉韧带重建时避免了后方切口。
附图说明
图1为本发明使用示意图;
图2为本发明结构示意图;
图3为基座结构示意图;
图4为螺钉结构示意图。
图中:1-基座、2-中空螺钉、3-导引针、11-翼、12-轴向通孔、21-中空通道、4-骨块、5-韧带、6-骨、7-骨隧道、8-肌腱组织。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
如图1-4所示,一种嵌入式骨块固定器,包括基座1和中空螺钉2,所述基座1外壁设有外螺纹与骨块4连接,基座1上端的外壁还设有翼11,基座1内设有上下贯穿的轴向通孔12,轴向通孔12设有内螺纹,所述螺钉2设有与轴向通孔12的内螺纹相适配的外螺纹,中空螺钉2上的外螺纹直径为3.5mm,螺钉2有多种,包括长度为10mm~90mm之间的多种规格。
在一个实施例中,所述翼11为非圆形,优选翼11为正方形或者六方形。
在另一个实施例中,所述翼11为圆形,翼11的侧壁设有均匀分布的轴向凹槽或者凸楞,翼1直径9.5mm。
在一个实施例中,嵌入式骨块固定器还包括导引针3,中空螺钉2内设有上下贯穿的中空通道21,导引针3与中空通道21间隙配合,所述导引针直径为2mm的圆柱体。
使用时,如图1所示,需要重建的韧带5连接在骨块4上,所示骨块4即为嵌入式骨块,骨块4嵌装在骨6表面。首先,在用于安装嵌入骨块4的骨6上设置骨隧道7,骨隧道7穿过肌腱组织8,骨隧道7的径向尺寸应当小于中空螺钉2的最大直径;其次在嵌入式骨块4上设置通孔,在通孔上设置内螺纹,再将基座1通过其上的外螺纹连接到嵌入式骨块4上,使基座1上的轴向通孔12与骨隧道7连通;最后将中空螺钉2的头端通过骨隧道7与基座1上的内螺纹连接,拧紧中空螺钉2并拉紧即完成嵌入式骨块4的压紧固定。
当然,本发明还可有其它多种实施例,在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形,但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:包括基座(1)和中空螺钉(2),所述基座(1)外壁设有外螺纹与骨块连接,基座(1)上端的外壁还设有翼(11),基座(1)内设有上下贯穿的轴向通孔(12),轴向通孔(12)设有内螺纹,所述中空螺钉(2)设有与轴向通孔(12)的内螺纹相适配的外螺纹。
2.根据权利要求1所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:所述翼(11)为非圆形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:所述翼(11)为圆形,翼(11)的侧壁设有均匀分布的轴向凹槽或者凸楞。
4.根据权利要求1所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:所述中空螺钉(2)上的外螺纹直径为3.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:所述中空螺钉(2)有若干种,长度包括从10mm~90mm的多种规格。
6.根据权利要求3所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:所述翼(11)直径9.5mm。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:还包括导丝(3),所述中空螺钉(2)内设有上下贯穿的中空通道(21),导引针(3)与中空通道(21)间隙配合。
8.根据权利要求7所述的嵌入式骨块固定器,其特征在于:所述导引针(3)直径可为2mm。
CN201810343360.XA 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 一种嵌入式骨块固定器 Pending CN108433796A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110259803A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-09-20 郭卫康 一种弹性空心螺母螺栓组合及其锁紧方法
CN111374748A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2020-07-07 北京大学第三医院 骨块固定螺钉

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US5989025A (en) * 1996-05-22 1999-11-23 Conley; Roy Drill guide
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US20160135861A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2016-05-19 Charles E. Kollmer Bone compression system and associated methods
CN105708570A (zh) * 2016-03-28 2016-06-29 林炳泉 一种应用于种植牙的骨内牵引扩张成骨装置及其方法
CN207152642U (zh) * 2017-01-04 2018-03-30 南通市通州区人民医院 一种组合式松质骨双头螺纹加压螺钉

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US5961521A (en) * 1993-06-04 1999-10-05 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Surgical screw and washer
US5989025A (en) * 1996-05-22 1999-11-23 Conley; Roy Drill guide
CN1303251A (zh) * 1998-06-04 2001-07-11 库尔斯恩蒂斯股份公司 带锁紧元件的外科空心铆钉
US20020028423A1 (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-03-07 Ricardo Levisman Bone implant with intermediate member and expanding assembly
US20160135861A1 (en) * 2008-08-12 2016-05-19 Charles E. Kollmer Bone compression system and associated methods
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111374748A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2020-07-07 北京大学第三医院 骨块固定螺钉
CN110259803A (zh) * 2019-06-08 2019-09-20 郭卫康 一种弹性空心螺母螺栓组合及其锁紧方法

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