CN108422909A - A kind of pair adjusts driver seat and its backrest profile comfort level emulation mode - Google Patents

A kind of pair adjusts driver seat and its backrest profile comfort level emulation mode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108422909A
CN108422909A CN201810207191.7A CN201810207191A CN108422909A CN 108422909 A CN108422909 A CN 108422909A CN 201810207191 A CN201810207191 A CN 201810207191A CN 108422909 A CN108422909 A CN 108422909A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
backrest
profile
support shaft
comfort level
double
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810207191.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王云琦
赵万忠
朱彦祺
王春燕
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Original Assignee
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics filed Critical Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority to CN201810207191.7A priority Critical patent/CN108422909A/en
Publication of CN108422909A publication Critical patent/CN108422909A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/68Seat frames
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/22Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/64Back-rests or cushions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/64Back-rests or cushions
    • B60N2/66Lumbar supports

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of double adjusting driver seats and its backrest profile comfort level emulation modes, and it includes chair headrest, backrest and Chain cushion that this pair, which adjusts driver seat, and the property of triangle is utilized to reinforce the stability of seat back support;The control rotated using electromagnetism telescoping mechanism and support shaft controls moving up and down and rotate around support shaft for cam respectively, to adjust the flexible arc profile before backrest by face;It is aided with the mode of gear adjusting simultaneously, adjusts backrest inclination angle.Effectively optimization Human Machine Interface, reduces driving fatigue intensity, reduces and drives the pathogenetic probability of disease.The present invention is based on double adjusting driver seats to propose backrest profile comfort level emulation mode, carries out finite element analysis to people's chair coupling model of structure, human body back equivalent stress distribution figure and situation of change under different situations is obtained, to instruct the comfort of seat to design.

Description

A kind of pair adjusts driver seat and its backrest profile comfort level emulation mode
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive seating art fields, and in particular to a kind of pair of adjusting driver seats and its backrest profile are comfortable Spend emulation mode.
Background technology
Automotive seat is the tie for connecting driver and vehicle body, is most typically, contacts most frequent man-machine interface point with people, It must satisfy intention requirement when consumer purchases vehicle.Automotive seat is responsible for support sitting posture, fixed driver, vibration damping in the car Deng it is consumer's individual, seat itself design, three kinds of sitting posture that it is not outer, which to influence the most important factor of its comfort,.Unreasonable Seat system design not only allows driver to feel uncomfortable, but also is easy to generate fatigue, and causes the lesion of body.Study table The pressure distribution of bright man-machine interface is to influence the key factor of comfort.Due to partes corporis humani position to the ability to bear of pressure not Together, hypertonia or too low all occupant can be made to feel uncomfortable.Whether the reasonability of automotive seat design, people is directly affected Whether the optimization of machine interface succeeds.
Though the design of the intrinsic elasticity profile before existing motor vehicle seat back by face has contemplated that human body true form, but still For fixed form, the small of the back true form of different drivers can not be matched, driving fatigue is caused.Many drivers can only use Waist pillow is to lean on face before padded backrest, in the hope of building more comfortable driving environment.
The intrinsic elasticity curved profile in face is leaned on before the backrest of double adjusting driver seats of hommization, it is also desirable to be set Meter.Therefore the means by emulating are needed, is distributed by human body back pressure, seat comfort is instructed to design.
Invention content
Above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art are directed to, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of double adjusting driver seats and its are leaned on Backgear exterior feature comfort level emulation mode can not be matched not in the form of being fixed by face before solution in the prior art motor vehicle seat back With the small of the back true form of driver, the problem of leading to driving fatigue.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
One kind of the present invention is double to adjust driver seat, including chair headrest, backrest and Chain cushion;
The chair headrest is fixed on backrest top by two supporting rods;
The backrest is internally provided with two pairs of braced frames for reinforcing support, the shape of backrest according to ergonomics into Row design, the preceding of backrest lean on face in the flexible arc profile of human body waist convex, the inside of backrest is also set up There is the cam wide with human body back;
The cam is mounted in support shaft, and support shaft is connected with support shaft driving motor, the driving support of support shaft driving motor Axis rotates, and cam rotates with support shaft;There are two electromagnetism telescopic rods for the both ends support of the support shaft;
The bottom end of the electromagnetism telescopic rod is fixed on Chain cushion, and cam moves up and down along electromagnetism telescopic rod;Pass through tune The upper and lower position of whole cam and rotational case, to adjust the curved profile for leaning on face before backrest;
The side-walls of the Chain cushion are provided with multiple control buttons, including:First control button and the second control button, the One control button control connection support shaft driving motor, the second control button control connection electromagnetism telescopic rod.
A kind of double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat of the present invention, including steps are as follows:
Step 1):Human spine form and the small of the back feature are studied, is evaluation with people-chair contact interface pressure distribution characteristic parameter Index chooses 95 percentile driver human parameters and drives posture, swept human body back 3D by reverse Engineering Technology method Retouch imaging;
Step 2):Points cloud processing method is studied, structure meets the human waist and back threedimensional model of FInite Element modeling demand;
Step 3):People-chair coupling model is built, and is simplified;
Step 4):The mechanical parameters for choosing seat and human body back, human body back equivalent stress is obtained by FInite Element Distribution map, identifier-chair coupling model validity and the as an optimization guidance diagram of backrest design parameter, to change pressure distribution Feature instructs the comfort of automotive seat to design.
Preferably, step 1)In people-chair contact interface pressure distribution characteristic parameter include:Back contacts are leaned in backrest displacement Stress, shoulder blade and lumbar vertebra position.
Preferably, step 1)In percentile indicate with a certain human dimension and accounting for objects of statistics less than the people of the size The percentage of total number of persons;Human dimension is distributed in a certain range, and most anthropometric data is expressed by percentile;It will Research object is divided into 100 parts, according to some specified human dimension projects, is ranked sequentially, is segmented from minimum to maximum, Each section of cut off is a percentile.
Preferably, step 1)In reverse Engineering Technology method be it is a kind of can according to existing physical unit by CAD, The method that CAM or CAE software construct 3D dummy models, the process of reverse-engineering are used through the size of measuring actual object simultaneously The method for being made into 3D models, true object pass through CMMS, laser scanner, structure light source conversion device or X-ray Tomography technology carries out dimensional measurement.
Preferably, step 2)In point cloud be the product appearance surface obtained by measuring instrument in reverse-engineering point Data acquisition system carries out editor and the processing of a cloud using reverse software.
Preferably, step 2)In specific further include:Points cloud processing imports some clouds in interface point cloud processing module, and makees Series of preprocessing creates coordinate system, the free sideline of structure;Then described point carries out curved surface side in generative mode configuration design module It is symmetrical to establish initial surface, completion curved surface bridge joint and curved surface in free form surface module for drafting, engagement and the fairing of line;Certainly By Curved surface module and quick curve reestablishing module and carry out environment map analysis and curvature analysis, human body back or so two large divisions Lines is symmetrical, creates model and meets the requirements;Meanwhile the stretching that curved surface is carried out in Element Design module builds entity, and rounding Unnecessary calculation amount when simulation analysis is reduced at angle.
Preferably, step 4)In FInite Element(FEM, Finite Element Method)It is a kind of partially micro- to solve Divide the numerical technique of Equation Boundary Value Problems approximate solution;Entire problem area is decomposed when solution, is all become per sub-regions Simple part, i.e. finite element;Solution domain is regarded as and is made of many small interconnection subdomains for being known as finite elements by FInite Element, One suitable approximate solution is assumed to each unit, what then this domain of Derivation was total meets condition, to obtain problem Approximate solution;Not only computational accuracy is high for FInite Element, and adapts to various complicated shapes, thus becomes effective project analysis Means.
Preferably, step 4)In backrest design parameter be material, symmetry, curved surface features.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. adding two pairs of braced frames in the inside of conventional seat back, reinforce seat back support using the stability of triangle Stability.
2. the upper and lower position by adjusting cam and rotational case, the flexible arc profile that face is leaned on before backrest is adjusted. It is aided with the mode of gear adjusting simultaneously, adjusts backrest inclination angle;Optimize man-machine interface, create comfortable driving environment, improves Working efficiency reduces driving fatigue intensity, reduces and drives the pathogenetic probability of disease.
3. by backrest profile comfort level emulation mode, by the distribution of human body back pressure and situation of change, seat is instructed Comfort designs, by the design of the intrinsic elasticity curved profile in face before the double backrests for adjusting driver seats of completion hommization.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is double adjusting driver seat structural front views of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is double adjusting driver seat the structure left view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the backrest profile comfort level emulation mode flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is human body back 3D scanning imagery figures;
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional model diagram of human waist and back;
Fig. 6 is to simplify forefathers-chair coupling model figure;
Fig. 7 is to simplify descendant-chair coupling model figure;
Fig. 8 is human body back equivalent stress distribution figure;
In figure, 1- chair headrests, 2- supporting rods, 3- backrests, 4- braced frames, 5- cams, 6- support shafts, 7- electromagnetism is flexible Bar leans on face, 9- Chain cushions, 10- gear mechanisms, 11- control buttons, 12- support shaft driving motors before 8- backrests.
Specific implementation mode
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is made further with reference to embodiment and attached drawing Bright, the content that embodiment refers to not is limitation of the invention.
Shown in Fig. 2, one kind of the invention is double to adjust driver seat, including chair headrest 1,3 and of backrest Chain cushion 9;
The chair headrest 1 is fixed on 3 top of backrest by two supporting rods 2;
The backrest 3 is internally provided with two pairs of braced frames 4, and using the stability of triangle to reinforce backrest 3 The shape of the stability of support, backrest 3 is designed according to ergonomics, and the preceding of backrest 3 leans on face 8 in human lumbar The flexible arc profile of portion's convex is additionally provided with the cam 5 wide with human body back inside backrest 3;
The cam 5 is mounted in support shaft 6, and support shaft 6 is connected with support shaft driving motor 12, and support shaft driving motor 12 drives Dynamic support shaft 6 rotates, and cam 5 rotates with support shaft 6;There are two electromagnetism telescopic rods for the both ends support of the support shaft 6 7;
The bottom end of the electromagnetism telescopic rod 7 is fixed on Chain cushion 9, and cam 5 moves up and down along electromagnetism telescopic rod 7;It is logical Upper and lower position and the rotational case for crossing adjustment cam 5 make it more be bonded and drive to adjust the curved profile for leaning on face 8 before backrest The small of the back truth for the person of sailing;
The Chain cushion 9 is internally provided with gear mechanism 10, which includes the be fixed in Chain cushion 9 One gear and the second gear for being fixed at 3 lower part of backrest, the two are leaned on by the engaged transmission between gear with adjusting seat The inclination angle of the back of the body 3, the side-walls of Chain cushion 9 are provided with multiple control buttons 11, including:First control button, the second control are pressed Key and third control button, the first control button control connection support shaft driving motor 12, the second control button control connection electricity Magnetic telescopic rod 7, third control button control connection gear mechanism 10;First control button is stretched for controlling cam 5 along electromagnetism Contracting bar 7 moves up and down;Second control button is for controlling cam 5 around 6 rotary motion of support shaft;Third control button is for controlling 10 engaged transmission of gear mechanism.
With reference to shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 8, a kind of double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat of the invention, Including steps are as follows:
Step 1):Human spine form and the small of the back feature are studied, is evaluation with people-chair contact interface pressure distribution characteristic parameter Index chooses 95 percentile driver human parameters and drives posture, swept human body back 3D by reverse Engineering Technology method Retouch imaging;
Step 2):Points cloud processing method is studied, structure meets the human waist and back threedimensional model of FInite Element modeling demand;
Step 3):People-chair coupling model is built, and is simplified;
Step 4):The mechanical parameters that documents and materials choose seat and human body back are searched, human body is obtained by FInite Element Back equivalent stress distribution figure, identifier-chair coupling model validity and the as an optimization guidance diagram of backrest design parameter, to Change Pressure Distribution, the comfort of automotive seat is instructed to design.
Wherein, step 1)In people-chair contact interface pressure distribution characteristic parameter include:Backrest displacement is answered by back contacts Power, shoulder blade and lumbar vertebra position.
Wherein, step 1)In percentile indicate with a certain human dimension and to account for objects of statistics less than the people of the size total The percentage of number;Human dimension is distributed in a certain range, and most anthropometric data is expressed by percentile;It will grind Study carefully object and be divided into 100 parts, according to some specified human dimension projects(Such as height), it is ranked sequentially, carries out from minimum to maximum Segmentation, each section of cut off is a percentile.
Wherein, step 1)In reverse Engineering Technology method be it is a kind of can according to existing physical unit by CAD, CAM, The process of the method that CAE or other software construct 3D dummy models, reverse-engineering uses the size by measuring actual object And the method for being made into 3D models, true object are penetrated by CMMS, laser scanner, structure light source conversion device or X Line tomography technology carries out dimensional measurement.The true vehicle driving posture of scanned simulating automobile, test operation person hold Artec LTM 3D type scanners keep certain radius to rotate a circle centered on scanned object;Utilize the visual field of finding a view of scanner And scene depth, the shape of research object is digitized, and the manikin scanned through is imported into the included model treatment of instrument Software Artec Scanner obtain human body back 3D imagings.
Wherein, step 2)In point cloud be the product appearance surface obtained by measuring instrument in reverse-engineering points According to set, editor and the processing of a cloud are carried out using special reverse software;Such as CATIA, in interface points cloud processing(DSE)Module Middle importing point cloud, and make series of preprocessing, create coordinate system, the free sideline of structure;Then in generative mode configuration design(GSD) Described point carries out drafting, engagement and the fairing in curved surface sideline in module, in free form surface module(FS)In establish initial surface, complete Curved surface bridges and curved surface is symmetrical;In free form surface module(FS)And quick curve reestablishing(QSR)Module and progress environment mapping point Analysis(Zebra-stripe inspection)And curvature analysis, human body back or so two large divisions's lines almost symmetry, it creates model and meets the requirements;Together When, in Element Design(PDG)In module carry out curved surface stretching build entity, and suitably fall Rouno Cormer Pregrinding Wheel, reduce simulation analysis when Unnecessary calculation amount.Points cloud processing process need to be in conjunction with actual human body point cloud chart, reasonable consideration ideal human body back mould shapes, It is that big principle is rationally corrected with " not influencing simulation analysis data result authenticity ".The contact of guarantor-chair coupling model Face and realistic model have higher similarity, and other do not influence the part of pressure distribution situation(Such as both arms, shirtfront)Then It can carry out simplifying processing.
Wherein, step 4)In FInite Element(FEM, Finite Element Method)It is a kind of to solve partial differential The numerical technique of Equation Boundary Value Problems approximate solution;Entire problem area is decomposed when solution, all becomes letter per sub-regions Single part, i.e. finite element;Solution domain is regarded as and is made of many small interconnection subdomains for being known as finite elements by FInite Element, right Each unit assumes a suitable approximate solution, and what then this domain of Derivation was total meets condition, to obtain the close of problem Like solution;Not only computational accuracy is high for FInite Element, and adapts to various complicated shapes, thus becomes effective project analysis hand Section.
Wherein, step 4)In FInite Element specific steps include:First by people-chair coupling model in geometrical model (Geometry)ANSYS is imported in module, and clicks generate(It generates);Then in engineering parameter(Engineering Data)In module, parameter setting is carried out, and enter model(Model)Module, it is to manually set material to change seat and human material Expect and defines the way of contact;Again by changing Relevance parameter values size and type, mesh generation is carried out;Finally use The dead load of force forms to simulation model with certain orientation applied force, while adding equivalent stress, equivalent strain analysis chart, Obtain final result.
Wherein, step 4)In backrest design parameter be material, symmetry, curved surface features etc..
There are many concrete application approach of the present invention, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it can also make several improvements, this A little improve also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of double adjusting driver seats, which is characterized in that including chair headrest(1), backrest(3)And Chain cushion(9);
The chair headrest(1)Pass through two supporting rods(2)It is fixed on backrest(3)Top;
The backrest(3)It is internally provided with two pairs of braced frames for reinforcing support(4), backrest(3)Shape according to people Body engineering science is designed, backrest(3)It is preceding lean on face(8)For in the flexible arc profile of human body waist convex, seat Backrest(3)Inside be additionally provided with the cam wide with human body back(5);
The cam(5)Mounted on support shaft(6)On, support shaft(6)With support shaft driving motor(12)It is connected, support shaft driving Motor(12)Drive support shaft(6)Rotation, cam(5)With support shaft(6)It rotates;The support shaft(6)Both ends branch There are two electromagnetism telescopic rods for support(7);
The electromagnetism telescopic rod(7)Bottom end be fixed on Chain cushion(9)On, cam(5)Along electromagnetism telescopic rod(7)It does up and down Movement;By adjusting cam(5)Upper and lower position and rotational case, face is leaned on before backrest to adjust(8)Curved profile;
The Chain cushion(9)Side-walls be provided with multiple control buttons(11), including:First control button and the second control Button, the first control button control connection support shaft driving motor(12), the second control button control connection electromagnetism telescopic rod (7).
2. a kind of double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet Include that steps are as follows:
Step 1):Human spine form and the small of the back feature are studied, is evaluation with people-chair contact interface pressure distribution characteristic parameter Index chooses 95 percentile driver human parameters and drives posture, swept human body back 3D by reverse Engineering Technology method Retouch imaging;
Step 2):Points cloud processing method is studied, structure meets the human waist and back threedimensional model of FInite Element modeling demand;
Step 3):People-chair coupling model is built, and is simplified;
Step 4):The mechanical parameters for choosing seat and human body back, human body back equivalent stress is obtained by FInite Element Distribution map, identifier-chair coupling model validity and the as an optimization guidance diagram of backrest design parameter, to change pressure distribution Feature instructs the comfort of automotive seat to design.
3. double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step Rapid 1)In people-chair contact interface pressure distribution characteristic parameter include:Backrest displacement, backrest contact stress, shoulder blade and lumbar vertebrae The position of bone is set.
4. double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step Rapid 1)In percentile indicate with a certain human dimension and account for the percentage of objects of statistics total number of persons less than the people of the size;People For body Size Distribution in a certain range, most anthropometric data is expressed by percentile;Research object is divided into 100 Part, it according to some specified human dimension projects, is ranked sequentially, is segmented from minimum to maximum, each section of cut off is For a percentile.
5. double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step Rapid 1)In reverse Engineering Technology method be that a kind of 3D can be constructed by CAD, CAM or CAE software according to existing physical unit The process of the method for dummy model, reverse-engineering uses the size by measuring actual object and is made into 3D models Method, true object carry out ruler by CMMS, laser scanner, structure light source conversion device or x-ray tomography imaging technique Very little measurement.
6. the backrest profile comfort level emulation mode of double adjusting driver seats according to claim 2 or 5, feature exist In step 2)In point cloud be the product appearance surface obtained by measuring instrument in reverse-engineering point data set, make Editor and the processing of a cloud are carried out with reverse software.
7. double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step Rapid 2)In points cloud processing be that a point cloud is imported in interface point cloud processing module, and make series of preprocessing, create coordinate system, structure Build free sideline;Then described point carries out drafting, engagement and the fairing in curved surface sideline in generative mode configuration design module, in freedom It is symmetrical that initial surface, completion curved surface bridge joint and curved surface are established in Curved surface module;In free form surface module and quick curve reestablishing mould Block and progress environment map analysis and curvature analysis, human body back or so two large divisions's lines is symmetrical, creates model and meets the requirements; Meanwhile the stretching that curved surface is carried out in Element Design module builds entity, and rounded corner, reduces unnecessary meter when simulation analysis Calculation amount.
8. double backrest profile comfort level emulation modes for adjusting driver seat according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step Rapid 4)In backrest design parameter be material, symmetry, curved surface features.
CN201810207191.7A 2018-03-14 2018-03-14 A kind of pair adjusts driver seat and its backrest profile comfort level emulation mode Pending CN108422909A (en)

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CN113642411A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-11-12 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 Method and system for adaptively identifying human body contour information of driver

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Application publication date: 20180821