CN108418212A - A kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load - Google Patents
A kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling models considering flexible load, and providing spare mode by flexible load responds wind-powered electricity generation uncertainty.Potentiality are lowered to give full play to reconcile on flexible load, proposes that flexible load raises/lower spare capacity concept, raises spare expression reduction demand, spare expression is lowered and increases demand.The model includes day last stage and the real time phase based on scene, wherein last stage day determines Unit Commitment, unit and flexible load spare capacity, wind power output；Real time phase determines that the unit of actual schedule and flexible load are spare according to wind-powered electricity generation scene, interruptible load and abandons air quantity.The present invention plays initiative and the flexibility of load using flexible load as a kind of schedulable resource by " Steam Generator in Load Follow power generation ", can effectively supplement and improve typical power system scheduling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical engineering field, the power train under the more particularly, to extensive grid-connected operating mode of regenerative resource
System scheduling field.
Background technology
Typical power system scheduling is carried out according to the mode of " power generation follow load ", i.e., according to load prediction, takes into account safety
Property, reliability and economy, reasonable arrangement Unit Commitment and output.As the uncertain generation assets such as wind-powered electricity generation access on a large scale
Electric system, the scheduling mode of " power generation follow load " are difficult to meet electric system under the new situation and are wanted to regenerative resource consumption
It asks, while keeping electric system peaking problem outstanding day by day.For reply wind power output intrinsic uncertainty and intermittence, power train
System need it is reserved largely generate electricity it is spare meet workload demand, not only reduce the generating efficiency of conventional power generation usage unit, also can not
Increase electric power system dispatching cost with avoiding.Using load as a kind of schedulable resource, i.e., so-called flexible load, by " negative
Lotus tracking power generation ", plays initiative and the flexibility of load, can effectively supplement and improve typical power system scheduling.
Flexible load can increase system flexibility by following several modes：1) peak load period load growth speed is reduced
Degree；2) peak load period load decrease speed is reduced；3) peak load is reduced；4) increase paddy lotus；5) peak load electricity to the paddy lotus period shift.
Currently, about flexible load scheduling problem have become domestic and foreign scholars care important issue, be related to flexible load response modeling,
Participate in several aspects such as scheduling model, the market behavior.
Invention content
For the problems in above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of electric system two benches considering flexible load
Stochastic optimal scheduling model.Flexible load participates in electric power system dispatching by providing spare mode, and response wind-powered electricity generation is uncertain.
Two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model proposed by the invention includes with lower part：
1, object function
The social welfare maximization of electric power system dispatching is pursued by autonomous system operator, that is, maximizes load effectiveness and minimum
Elelctrochemical power generation cost.The effectiveness of non-flexible load immobilizes, and can be omitted from object function, considers that flexible load provides spare institute
Increased load effectiveness, maximizes load effectiveness and is equivalent to and minimize negative load effectiveness, will it includes into object function.Cause
This, object function includes dispatching cost C a few days agoDAWith the real-time cost C of expectationERT。
Wherein,
In above formula, t indicates that period, i indicate that conventional power unit, q indicate that Wind turbines, d indicate that load, ω indicate wind power plant
Scape, T, I, Q, D, Ω indicate corresponding set respectively.Decision variable setUnder
Text explains in detail each variable symbolical meanings.
Scheduling cost C a few days agoDAIncluding three parts, conventional power unit power generation and spare capacity cost, flexible load spare capacity
Cost, wind-powered electricity generation cost of electricity-generating.Wherein,WithStart and stop costs of the unit i within the t periods is indicated respectively,WithPoint
The marginal cost of unit i, up-regulation stand-by cost and stand-by cost Biao Shi not be lowered, be last stage day unit to autonomous system operation
The power generation and reserves bidding that quotient provides,WithRespectively corresponding output power, up-regulation is spare and lowers spare appearance
Amount.WithUp-regulation stand-by costs and downward stand-by cost of the flexible load d within the t periods are indicated respectively, are last stage day
The reserves bidding that flexible load is provided to autonomous system operator,WithThe spare and spare appearance of downward is raised to be corresponding
Amount.CqIndicate the marginal cost of Wind turbines q, WqtFor output powers of the Wind turbines q within the t periods.
It is expected that real-time cost CERTFor wind-powered electricity generation scene probability πωWith the real-time cost of each sceneProduct.Including four
Part, conventional power unit stand-by cost, flexible load effectiveness (be converted into minimize negative load effectiveness), increase newly wind-powered electricity generation power generation at
This, interruptible load cost and abandons eolian.WithIndicate that unit i up-regulation is spare respectively and lower spare Real-Time Scheduling at
This, can value be unit marginal cost.WithThe up-regulation of unit i Real-Time Schedulings within the t periods is spare under respectively scene ω
It is spare with lowering.WithIndicate that flexible load d is raised spare within the t periods and lowered spare effectiveness respectively, can value be negative
Lotus marginal utility.WithThe up-regulation of flexible load d Real-Time Schedulings within the t periods is spare under respectively scene ω and lowers standby
With.With Value) and Wind turbines q abandon it is eolian
This.WqtωWithOutput powers of the Wind turbines q within the t periods and wind power is abandoned under respectively scene ω,For under scene ω
Interruptible loads of the load d within the t periods.2, schedule constraints a few days ago
1) Unit Commitment cost constraint
Formula (4)-(6) are unit starting cost constraint, whereinFor unit i booting costs, uitFor binary variable, uit
Indicate that unit i is open state, u within the t periods when=1it=0 indicates that unit i is shutdown status within the t periods.Formula (4) indicates
Start-up cost constraints of the unit i within the t=1 periods,For unit original state.Particularly,It is unit i in the t=1 periods
Interior start-up cost.
Similarly, (7)-(9) are compressor emergency shutdown cost constraint, in formulaCost is shut down for unit i, particularly,For machine
Shutdown costs of the group i within the t=1 periods.
2) unit is active and spare capacity constrains
Formula (11) is unit ramping rate constraints, wherein RUiFor rate of swashing, RDiRate is climbed under.Formula (12) and (13)
It is constrained for unit active power,WithThe maximum active outputs of respectively unit i and minimum active output.Formula (14) and (15)
It is constrained for active reserve capacity,WithRespectively maximum up-regulation spare capacity and downward spare capacity.Formula (16) is
Wind power constrains, wherein WqtFor output powers of the last stage day Wind turbines q within the t periods,For the appearance of Wind turbines q
Amount.
3) flexible load spare capacity constrains
Flexible load by provide it is spare in a manner of participate in electric power system dispatching, formula (17) and (18) are respectively on flexible load
It adjusts Reserve Constraint and lowers Reserve Constraint.In formula,WithRespectively the maximum of flexible load schedulable raises spare appearance
Amount and downward spare capacity.
4) trend constraint
Formula (19) is node power flow equation, is characterized using DC power flow equation, wherein PdtFor load d having within the t periods
Work(power, BnmFor node susceptance matrix, δntFor voltage angles of the node n within the t periods.SetWithIt indicates respectively
Conventional power unit, Wind turbines and the load being connected with node n, set m ∈ ψnIndicate the node being connected with node n.
Formula (20) is line transmission power constraint,For line transmission capacity.Formula (21) expression takes first within the t periods
A node is reference mode.
3, the Real-time Balancing constraint based on scene
1) unit is active and back scheduling constrains
Formula (22) and (23) are respectively that unit real time phase raises spare and downward Reserve Constraint.Formula (24) is that unit is on the scene
Output power under scape ω, formula (25) are ramping rate constraints of the unit at scene ω.Formula (26) is Wind turbines in scene
Wind constraint is abandoned under ω.
2) flexible load is active and back scheduling constrains
Formula (27) and (28) are respectively that flexible load real time phase raises spare and downward Reserve Constraint.Formula (29) is load
Active power at scene ω.Analogy unit climbing rate, formula (30) indicate flexible load ramping rate constraints, wherein PUdFor
Flexible load swashes rate, DRdTo climb rate under flexible load.Flexible load needs to meet one day Minimum requirements amountSuch as
Shown in formula (31).In addition, formula (32) indicates that interruptible load is less than the load of real time phase.
3) Real-time Balancing constrains
Formula (33) is real time phase trend Constraints of Equilibrium, wherein δntωFor voltage amplitudes of the scene ω lower nodes n within the t periods
Angle.Formula (34) is that circuit transmission capacity constrains under scene ω.Formula (35) indicates that it is reference node that first node is also taken under scene ω
Point.
Formula (1)-(35) constitute the electric system stochastic optimal scheduling model for considering flexible load, which is MIXED INTEGER
Linear programming model (Mixed Integer Linear Programming, MILP) can be based on GAMS platforms and utilize Cplex
Solve the model.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that two benches random optimization dispatches schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is six node power system schematics；
Fig. 3 is 24 hours load charts of the system；
Fig. 4 is wind-powered electricity generation schematic diagram of a scenario；
Fig. 5 for no flexible load when unit output result；
Unit output result when Fig. 6 is 20% flexible load；
Unit output result when Fig. 7 is 100% flexible load；
Fig. 8 is last stage day wind-powered electricity generation scheduling result；
Fig. 9 raises/lowers spare result when being 20% flexible load；
Figure 10 raises/lowers spare result when being 40% flexible load；
Figure 11 raises/lowers spare result when being 100% flexible load；
Figure 12 is that different proportion flexible load participates in scheduling system loading curve.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of considering that the two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model of flexible load includes last stage day and is based on
The real time phase of scene.Wherein, last stage day determines Unit Commitment, unit and flexible load spare capacity, wind power output；In real time
Stage determines that the unit of actual schedule and flexible load are spare according to wind-powered electricity generation scene, interruptible load and abandons air quantity.
By taking six node systems as an example, 1 day is for 24 hours the research period, verifies the correctness and validity of model above, system connects
Line chart is as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, conventional power unit is located at 1,2 and 6 nodes, and Wind turbines are located at 5 nodes, and load is located at 3,4 and
5 nodes share 7 transmission lines.Table 1 lists each unit and economic parameters, and the up-regulation of last stage day is spare and lowers spare
Cost take 1.1 times and 0.9 times of unit marginal cost respectively.Table 2 lists the marginal utility of load different periods, last stage day
Flexible load raises 1.1 times and 0.9 times that cost spare and that downward is spare also takes load marginal utility respectively.Table 3 is listed respectively
Line reactance perunit value and transmission capacity.
1 each unit of table and economic parameters
2 load marginal utility of table
3 line parameter circuit value of table
In addition, Wind turbines capacity is 100MW, wind-powered electricity generation marginal cost is 0, and it is 100 $/MWh to abandon eolian；It studies Japanese
System peak load be 300MW, it is respectively 20%, 40% and 40% that load L1, L2 and L3, which account for system loading ratio, load rejection at
This is 200 $/MWh.The flexible load creep speed of node 3,4 and 5 is respectively 25,15 and 20MW/h, studies daily load L1, L2
It is respectively 800,1500 and 2000MWh with the minimum power consumption of L3.
Fig. 3 is the system typical day load curve, as dispatching input quantity a few days ago.According to 2 different periods of table limit
23-8h is regarded as the paddy lotus stage by utilization variance, and 9-16h is regarded as the waist lotus stage, and 17-22h is regarded as the peak load stage.
Consider model complexity and solve the time, according to wind power output historical data, using 20 equiprobability wind-powered electricity generations
Output scene description studies the uncertainty of day wind power output, as shown in Figure 4.As seen from the figure, the paddy lotus stage is presented in wind-powered electricity generation scene
Wind power output is higher, the peak load stage lower characteristic of wind power output, i.e., so-called wind-powered electricity generation demodulates peak character.
Fig. 5-Fig. 7 illustrates no flexible load, 20% flexible load and 100% flexible load and participates in scheduling to machine respectively
The influence of group scheduling.Unit G1 carries most of workload demand since marginal cost is minimum.And with flexible load ratio
Increase, unit G1, which contributes, gradually to be increased, and the highest unit G2 outputs of marginal cost are progressively smaller until zero output.Thus may be used
See, the participation of flexible load can effectively adjust Unit Combination so that the low unit of cost of electricity-generating more competes
Property.
Based on real-time wind-powered electricity generation scene, the scheduling result of last stage day wind power output can be obtained according to model.Fig. 8 is not year-on-year
Example wind power output of the flexible load based on scene scheduling result a few days ago.4 real-time wind-powered electricity generation scene of comparison diagram, it can be seen that wind-powered electricity generation is a few days ago
Dispatch curve is roughly the same with wind-powered electricity generation scene.With the increase of flexible load ratio, paddy lotus stage wind power output continuously decreases, peak
Lotus stage wind power output gradually increases.Thus illustrate, flexible load participates in system call can alleviate wind-powered electricity generation to a certain extent
Demodulate peak character.It is also possible to see, when flexible load ratio increases to 60%, influence of the flexible load to wind power output
Tend to be saturated, paddy lotus stage wind power output no longer reduces, and peak load stage wind power output no longer increases.
Fig. 9-Figure 11 is respectively compared 20% flexible load, 40% flexible load and 100% flexible load and participates in system call
Different load raise/lower spare condition.As seen from the figure, flexible load up-regulation is spare is happened at 11-23h, and flexible load subtracts
Few demand；Lower it is spare be happened at 24-10h, flexible load is increased demand.Load L3 due to higher in 24-10h marginal utility,
Flexible load more participates in lowering spare；Due to relatively low in 11-23h marginal utility, flexible load more participates in load L1
It raises spare.
Influence of the different proportion flexible load to system loading curve under the more a certain wind-powered electricity generation scenes of Figure 12.It can be seen that
By increasing the paddy lotus stage higher flexible load of marginal utility, the peak load stage lower flexible load of marginal utility, energy are reduced
Enough effectively achieve the effect of peak load shifting.Meanwhile with the increase of flexible load ratio, system loading curve gradually tends to be flat
It is slow.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load, it is characterised in that：Flexible load is logical
It crosses and put forward the spare mode of up-regulation/downward and participate in electric power system dispatching, response wind-powered electricity generation is uncertain.
2. a kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Flexible load participates in electric power system dispatching, last stage day power generation side jointly by bidding fashion and power generation side's resource
Quotation is provided to autonomous system operator respectively with flexible load, power generation side provides electricity and reserves bidding, and load side provides standby
With quotation；Day last stage determines unit and flexible load spare capacity, real time phase according to wind-powered electricity generation Scene realization determine unit and
Flexible load actual schedule is spare.
3. a kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：Model consider wind power integration electric system, using a series of scenario simulation wind-powered electricity generations uncertainty, each scene probability it
Be 1；Thus electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model is built, last stage day is happened at before wind-powered electricity generation Scene realization,
Unrelated with wind-powered electricity generation scene, real time phase is based on wind-powered electricity generation Scene realization.
4. a kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that：The social welfare maximization of electric power system dispatching is pursued by autonomous system operator, that is, maximizes load effectiveness and most
Small elelctrochemical power generation cost；The effectiveness of non-flexible load immobilizes, and can be omitted from object function, and it is spare to consider that flexible load provides
The increased load effectiveness of institute, maximizes load effectiveness and is equivalent to and minimize negative load effectiveness, will it includes into object function.
5. a kind of electric system two benches stochastic optimal scheduling model considering flexible load according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that：Schedule constraints include that active Unit Commitment cost constraint, unit and spare capacity constraint, flexible load are spare a few days ago
Capacity-constrained and trend constraint；Real-time Balancing constraint based on scene includes that unit is active and back scheduling constraint, flexible load
Active and back scheduling constraint and Real-time Balancing constraint.
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| CN109325621A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-02-12 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of garden energy internet two stages optimal dispatch control method |
| CN112398121A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-23 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Power grid structure optimization method and system suitable for large-scale new energy grid connection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109149631A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-04 | 上海电力学院 | It is a kind of to consider that wind-light storage provides the two stages economic load dispatching method of flexible climbing capacity |
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| CN112398121A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-23 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Power grid structure optimization method and system suitable for large-scale new energy grid connection |
| CN116526468A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-08-01 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | High-proportion renewable energy power system optimal scheduling method considering multi-type standby auxiliary service |
| CN116526468B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2024-04-26 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | High-proportion renewable energy power system optimal scheduling method considering multi-type standby auxiliary service |
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Application publication date: 20180817 |