CN108417380A - A kind of low cost diffusion source alloy and grain boundary decision magnet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of low cost diffusion source alloy and grain boundary decision magnet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108417380A CN108417380A CN201810488955.4A CN201810488955A CN108417380A CN 108417380 A CN108417380 A CN 108417380A CN 201810488955 A CN201810488955 A CN 201810488955A CN 108417380 A CN108417380 A CN 108417380A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of inexpensive diffusion source alloys for magnet grain boundary decision and a kind of grain boundary decision magnet and preparation method thereof.The chemical composition of diffusion source alloy includes Elements C e, light rare earth elements LRE, heavy rare earth element HRE and metallic element M, and Ce is expressed as by atomic percentagex(LREaHRE1‑a)yM100‑x‑y；Wherein, 0 ＜ x≤20,15≤y≤99.9 and 15 ＜ x+y≤99.9,0≤a≤1.0；LRE is one or more in La, Pr, Nd and Y；HRE is one or more in Tb, Dy and Ho；M is one or more in Al, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ag, Pb, Bi and Sn.The present invention replaces heavy rare earth element using light rare earth elements especially cerium part, reduce the cost of material of diffusion source alloy, have adjusted the fusing point of diffusion source alloy, by improving heavy rare earth element diffuser efficiency, the coercive force temperature coefficient for improving grain boundary decision magnet improves the high-temperature stability of grain boundary decision magnet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of rare-earth permanent magnetic, are related to a kind of inexpensive diffusion source alloy for magnet grain boundary decision
With a kind of grain boundary decision magnet and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material is widely used in electromechanics, information, robot and intelligence due to its excellent comprehensive magnetic energy
The fields such as manufacture.However, the Curie temperature commonly without heavy rare earth Sintered NdFeB magnet is relatively low, and high-temp magnetic poor performance, Bu Nengman
The requirement under the high temperature conditions such as foot (mixing) electric vehicle traction electric machine, wind-driven generator, limits the application of magnet
Range.
Tradition solves the problems, such as that this method is that foundry alloy melting adds heavy rare earth element Dy, Tb or crystal boundary adds heavy rare earth
Fluoride, hydride or the low-melting alloy of element Dy, Tb.The method can effectively improve the high-temperature stability of magnet, but can be big
Amount consumption heavy rare earth resource, increases the cost of raw material.Simultaneously as the magnetic couplings mode of heavy rare earth atom and iron atom is anti-
A large amount of additions of ferromagnetic coupling, heavy rare earth element will make the remanent magnetism of magnet and magnetic energy product decline to a great extent.
In order to economize on resources, cost is reduced, while remanent magnetism and magnetic energy product being avoided to decline to a great extent, grain boundary decision skill may be used
Art.The technical matters is simple, of low cost, heavy rare earth usage amount is few, magnet coercivity is promoted under big amplitude, remanent magnetism and magnetic energy product
Range of decrease degree is small, has cost advantage when manufacturing small size high-coercivity magnet.
Mainly there are heavy rare earth metal, oxide, fluoride, hydride and eutectic in the diffusion source for being presently used for grain boundary decision
Point alloy.In these diffusion sources, the cost advantage of low-melting alloy is larger, and the raising of magnet coercivity is bright after grain boundary decision
It is aobvious, there is higher cost performance.But in current diffusion source alloy, the content of heavy rare earth element is higher, diffusion source alloy
Cost can also further decrease.
In the prior art, Chinese invention patent application number No.201710130288.8 discloses a kind of ' grain boundary decision preparation
The method of high-coercive force neodymium iron boron magnetic body ', using hot dip coating method a thin layer low melting point is coated on the surface of neodymium iron boron magnetic body
Metal or low-melting alloy, wherein low-melting alloy are at being grouped into R-M, in R La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Y
One kind or more, one kind or more in M Cu, Al, Ga, Zn, Sn, Ag.But in this application file, cheap rare earth member
Plain Ce is only the selective element in the low-melting alloy, rather than essential elements.
Invention content
In view of the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of inexpensive diffusion sources for magnet grain boundary decision
Alloy, the grain boundary decision magnet and their preparation method for adhering to the low cost diffusion source alloy.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides following technical solutions：
A kind of low cost diffusion source alloy, the chemical composition of the diffusion source alloy include Elements C e, light rare earth elements LRE,
Heavy rare earth element HRE and metallic element M, Ce is expressed as by atomic percentagex(LREaHRE1-a)yM100-x-y；Wherein, 0 ＜ x≤
20,15≤y≤99.9 and 15 ＜ x+y≤99.9,0≤a≤1.0；
LRE is one or more in La, Pr, Nd and Y；HRE is one or more in Tb, Dy and Ho；M be Al, Cu, Zn,
It is one or more in Ga, Ag, Pb, Bi and Sn.
Preferably, 0.1≤x≤20,15≤y≤94.9 and 17≤x+y≤95,0≤a≤0.97.
The state of diffusion source alloy when in use is：The molten alloy liquid of diffusion source alloy spreads source alloy
Fast quenching thin strap spreads the rapid-hardening flake of source alloy or spreads the thin slice of source alloy or spread powder or the diffusion source of source alloy
The diffusion source alloy slurry that the alloy powder of alloy is mixed to get with solvent.
Diffusion source alloy is by including but not limited to that following methods are prepared：
(1) it is that molten alloy liquid is used for grain boundary decision by alloying element melting；
(2) after alloying element melting is molten alloy liquid, strip is prepared as grain boundary decision by quick-quenching method；
(3) after alloying element melting is molten alloy liquid, rapid-hardening flake is prepared by strip casting, then hydrogen it is broken and/
Or Mechanical Crushing is that alloyed powder is used for grain boundary decision, or rapid-hardening flake is directly used for grain boundary decision；
(4) alloying element is heated to molten condition, is cast into ingot casting, is then prepared by one of following manner：
1. ingot casting is crushed by hydrogen and/or diffusion source alloy powder is made in Mechanical Crushing；
2. by ingot casting induction melting, strip is prepared into for grain boundary decision by rapid quenching technique；
3. thinly slicing ingot casting for grain boundary decision；
4. ingot casting is heated to be molten condition for grain boundary decision.
A kind of grain boundary decision magnet of surface attachment inexpensive diffusion source alloy, which is in original magnet
After diffusion source alloy is adhered on surface, prepared through DIFFUSION TREATMENT and temper, or only prepared by DIFFUSION TREATMENT, it is described
Original magnet is sintered state or the neodymium iron boron magnetic body or cerium magnet for being tempered state.
A kind of preparation method of grain boundary decision magnet, this method comprises the following steps：
(1) original magnet is processed into required size；
(2) greasy dirt of original magnet surface is washed, and polishes off original magnet surface oxides；
(3) in original magnet surface attachment diffusion source alloy；
(4) crystal boundary expansion is prepared in 750 DEG C~1000 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENT 0.5-24h in the magnet of attachment diffusion source alloy
Magnet is dissipated, or after 750 DEG C~1000 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENTs 0.5~for 24 hours, then in 400 DEG C~700 DEG C 0.5~8h of temper,
Grain boundary decision magnet is prepared.
In step (4), the magnet of attachment diffusion source alloy after 850 DEG C~980 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENT 4h~for 24 hours, then
430 DEG C~640 DEG C temper 2h~6h, are prepared grain boundary decision magnet.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) in conventional diffusion source, hydride, fluoride, oxide, rare earth metal or low melting point are either used
Alloy makees diffusion source, and heavy rare earth content is high in diffusion source, causes a large amount of wastes of rare earth element.The present invention is to diffusion source alloy
Ingredient carries out alloying component optimization, and using light rare earth elements, especially cheap rare-earth element cerium is neccessary composition, and part replaces
Heavy rare earth element reduces the content of heavy rare earth element in diffusion source, the cost of material of diffusion source alloy is made to reduce, and improves crystal boundary and expands
Dissipate the cost performance of magnet.
(2) by using light rare earth elements especially Ce part substitution heavy rare earth elements, the fusing point of diffusion source alloy is adjusted,
By improving heavy rare earth element diffuser efficiency, so that the coercive force temperature coefficient of grain boundary decision magnet is improved, improve crystal boundary
Spread the high-temperature stability of magnet.
Further, the present invention and prior art Chinese invention patent application number No.201710130288.8 difference lies in,
The prior art and undeclared effects of the Ce played in grain boundary decision process do not specify diffusion yet and spread source alloy containing Ce
Afterwards, other advantageous effects in addition to magnet coercivity increase are brought.
But it is neccessary composition that the present invention, which uses light rare earth elements, especially cheap rare earth element ce, part replaces weight
Rare earth element reduces the content of heavy rare earth element in diffusion source, the cost of material of diffusion source alloy is made to reduce, and improves crystal boundary expansion
Dissipate the cost performance of magnet.Wherein, Ce act as reduce and adjust alloy melting point, increase grain boundary decision magnet Grain-Boundary Phase thickness
And continuity, weaken intercrystalline exchange-coupling interaction.Most of all, it can be by improving heavy rare earth element diffusion effect
Rate improves the coercive force temperature coefficient of grain boundary decision magnet, improves the high-temperature stability of grain boundary decision magnet.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, invention is further explained.
The chemical composition of a kind of inexpensive diffusion source alloy for magnet grain boundary decision, diffusion source alloy includes element
Ce, light rare earth elements LRE, heavy rare earth element HRE and metallic element M, Ce is expressed as by atomic percentagex(LREaHRE1-a)yM100-x-y, wherein 0 ＜ x≤20,15≤y≤99.9 and 15 ＜ x+y≤99.9,0≤a≤1.0；The LRE be La, Pr, Nd and
It is one or more in Y；HRE is one or more in Tb, Dy and Ho；M is in Al, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ag, Pb, Bi and Sn
It is one or more.
In the diffusion source alloy, the anisotropy field for acting as improving magnet crystal grain of HRE, the effect of Ce, LRE and M
For the fusing point of adjustment diffusion source alloy, in addition, Ce, LRE and HRE can also increase the thickness of grain boundary decision magnet Grain-Boundary Phase and continuous
Property, weaken intercrystalline exchange-coupling interaction；It is to contain in the diffusion source alloy in place of the characteristic of this diffusion source alloy
Ce, main function are to reduce and adjust alloy melting point, can be needed to obtain best alloy melting point and expansion according to diffusion technique
Temperature is dissipated, heavy rare earth element diffuser efficiency is significantly improved, improves the coercive force temperature coefficient of grain boundary decision magnet, crystal boundary is improved and expands
Dissipate the high-temperature stability of magnet；Grain boundary decision magnet is the neodymium iron boron magnetic body or cerium magnet for being attached to diffusion source alloy, through diffusion
Processing and temper are prepared.
Diffusion source alloy is by including but not limited to prepared by following methods：
(1) it is that molten alloy liquid is used for grain boundary decision by alloying element melting；
(2) after alloying element melting is molten alloy liquid, strip is prepared into for grain boundary decision by rapid quenching technique；
(3) after alloying element melting is molten alloy liquid, rapid-hardening flake is prepared by strip casting, then hydrogen it is broken and/
Or Mechanical Crushing is that alloyed powder is used for grain boundary decision, or rapid-hardening flake is directly used for grain boundary decision；
(4) molten condition is heated to by alloying element, is cast into ingot casting, then prepared by one of following manner；
1. ingot casting is crushed by hydrogen and/or diffusion source alloy powder is made in Mechanical Crushing；
2. by ingot casting induction melting, rapid tempering belt is prepared into for grain boundary decision by rapid quenching technique；
3. thinly slicing ingot casting for grain boundary decision；
4. ingot casting is heated to be molten condition for grain boundary decision.
A kind of grain boundary decision magnet, the magnet be after original magnet surface adheres to diffusion source alloy, through DIFFUSION TREATMENT and
Temper prepares, or is prepared merely through DIFFUSION TREATMENT, and the original magnet is sintered state or the neodymium iron for being tempered state
Boron magnet or cerium magnet.
The diffusion source alloying component can be according to the content and original magnetic of Ce in original magnet and heavy rare earth Dy, Tb
The performance of body is selected.
When Ce comparision contents are more such as in original magnet, Dy and Tb comparision contents are few, coercivity is relatively low, source alloy is spread
Middle Ce, LRE and M content can suitably increase, RHE contents can be reduced suitably；Ce comparision contents are few in original magnet, Dy and
When Tb comparision contents are more, coercivity is relatively high, spread Ce, LRE and M content in the alloy of source can suitably reduce, RHE contents can be with
Suitably increase.
The grain boundary decision magnet preparation process is as follows：
(1) neodymium iron boron magnetic body or cerium magnet (original magnet) of sintered state or tempering state are processed into required size；
(2) greasy dirt of original magnet surface is washed, and polishes off original magnet surface oxides；
(3) in the original magnet surface attachment diffusion source alloy for polishing off surface oxides；
(4) crystal boundary expansion is prepared in 750 DEG C~1000 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENTs 0.5~for 24 hours in the magnet of attachment diffusion source alloy
Magnet is dissipated, or after 750 DEG C~1000 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENTs 0.5~for 24 hours, then in 400 DEG C~700 DEG C 0.5~8h of temper,
Grain boundary decision magnet is prepared.
It is characteristic of the invention that light rare earth elements is added in the alloy of diffusion source, the cost of raw material is on the one hand reduced,
On the other hand so that the fusing point of diffusion source alloy is reduced, be conducive to the diffusion of heavy rare earth element, so as to improve grain boundary decision magnet
Coercive force temperature coefficient, improve grain boundary decision magnet high-temperature stability.
Embodiment 1
Prepare diffusion source alloy：
Source alloy Ce is spread using arc melting5Pr7Nd28Tb30Cu20Al10(atomic percentage), is prepared alloy
Alloy cast ingot is carried out coarse crushing by ingot casting, is then depressed progress hydrogen in the hydrogen of 0.4MPa and is broken, finally the ball milling under the protection of ethyl alcohol
For 24 hours, diffusion source alloy slurry is obtained.
Wherein, the mass ratio of ethyl alcohol and alloy is 1:1.
Prepare grain boundary decision magnet：
(1) neodymium iron boron magnetic body (original magnet) is cut into the cylinder of Φ 10mm*5mm.
(2) greasy dirt for washing neodymium iron boron magnetic body surface is used in combination sand paper to polish off the oxide layer on neodymium iron boron magnetic body surface.
(3) cylindrical magnet is immersed in the alloy slurry of diffusion source, pulls out and is dried up in glove box, obtain attachment diffusion
Source alloy powder magnet.
(4) attachment diffusion source alloy powder magnet 850 DEG C of DIFFUSION TREATMENTs for 24 hours；Then it in 500 DEG C of temper 2h, obtains
To grain boundary decision magnet.
Prepare 1 magnet of comparative example：
1 magnet of comparative example is Pr except diffusion source alloying component7Nd28Tb35Cu20Al10(atomic percentage) outside, other are prepared
Step is identical as the preparation process of 1 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment.
1 original magnet of embodiment, 1 magnet of comparative example and 1 grain boundary decision magnet agnetic property at room temperature m of embodiment and coercivity temperature
It is as shown in table 1 to spend coefficient (23~140 DEG C).
Table 1
| Br(kGs) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hcj(kOe) | β (%/DEG C) | |
| 1 original magnet of embodiment | 14.20 | 49.98 | 12.15 | -0.588 |
| 1 magnet of comparative example | 13.84 | 47.34 | 20.32 | -0.547 |
| 1 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment | 13.95 | 48.23 | 21.27 | -0.544 |
Embodiment 2
Prepare diffusion source alloy：
Source alloy Ce is spread using arc melting0.1Pr80Tb10Dy4.9Cu2.5Al2.5(atomic percentage), is prepared
Alloy cast ingot is carried out coarse crushing by alloy cast ingot, is then depressed progress hydrogen in the hydrogen of 0.4MPa and is broken, finally under the protection of ethyl alcohol
Ball milling for 24 hours, obtains diffusion source alloy slurry.
Wherein, the mass ratio of ethyl alcohol and alloy is 1:1.
Prepare grain boundary decision magnet：
(1) cerium magnet (original magnet) is cut into the cylinder of Φ 10mm*5mm.
(2) greasy dirt for washing surface is used in combination sand paper to polish off the oxide layer on surface.
(3) cylindrical magnet is immersed in alloy slurry, pulls out and is dried up in glove box, obtain attachment alloy powder magnetic
Body.
(4) attachment alloy powder magnet, then in 500 DEG C of temper 2h, obtains crystal boundary in 980 DEG C of DIFFUSION TREATMENT 10h
Spread magnet.
Prepare 2 magnet of comparative example：
2 magnet of comparative example is Pr except diffusion source alloying component80Tb10Dy5Cu2.5Al2.5(atomic percentage) outside, other are tested
Step is identical as the preparation process of 2 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment.
2 original magnet of embodiment, 2 magnet of comparative example and 2 grain boundary decision magnet agnetic property at room temperature m performance of embodiment and coercive
Power temperature coefficient (23~120 DEG C) is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Br(kGs) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hcj(kOe) | (%/DEG C) | |
| 2 original magnet of embodiment | 12.57 | 37.84 | 14.37 | -0.633 |
| 2 magnet of comparative example | 12.39 | 36.57 | 18.41 | -0.591 |
| 2 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment | 12.44 | 37.02 | 19.26 | -0.588 |
Embodiment 3
Prepare diffusion source alloy：
Source alloy Ce is spread using arc melting20Dy56Cu12Al12Alloy cast ingot is prepared in (atomic percentage), will
Alloy cast ingot carries out coarse crushing, then depresses progress hydrogen in the hydrogen of 0.4MPa and breaks, finally ball milling for 24 hours, obtains under the protection of ethyl alcohol
Obtain diffusion source alloy slurry.
Wherein, the mass ratio of ethyl alcohol and alloy is 1:1.
Prepare grain boundary decision magnet：
(1) cerium magnet (original magnet) is cut into the cylinder of Φ 10mm*5mm.
(2) greasy dirt for washing surface is used in combination sand paper to polish off the oxide layer on surface.
(3) cylindrical magnet is immersed in alloy slurry, pulls out and is dried up in glove box, obtain attachment alloy powder magnetic
Body.
(4) attachment alloy powder magnet is in 940 DEG C of DIFFUSION TREATMENT 4h.
(5) DIFFUSION TREATMENT magnet obtains grain boundary decision magnet in 640 DEG C of temper 2h.
Prepare 3 magnet of comparative example：
3 magnet of comparative example is Dy except diffusion source alloying component76Cu12Al12(atomic percentage) outside, other experimental procedures with
The preparation process of 3 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment is identical.
3 original magnet of embodiment, 3 magnet of comparative example and 3 grain boundary decision magnet agnetic property at room temperature m performance of embodiment such as 3 institute of table
Show.
Table 3
| Br(kGs) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hcj(kOe) | |
| 3 original magnet of embodiment | 12.01 | 34.43 | 12.23 |
| 3 magnet of comparative example | 11.89 | 33.97 | 15.07 |
| 3 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment | 11.80 | 33.56 | 15.65 |
Embodiment 4
Prepare diffusion source alloy：
Source alloy Ce is spread using arc melting10Pr14Nd56Dy2Al18Alloy casting is prepared in (atomic percentage)
Alloy cast ingot is carried out coarse crushing by ingot, is then depressed progress hydrogen in the hydrogen of 0.4MPa and is broken, finally the ball milling under the protection of ethyl alcohol
For 24 hours, diffusion source alloy slurry is obtained.
Wherein, the mass ratio of ethyl alcohol and alloy is 1:1.
Prepare grain boundary decision magnet：
(1) cerium magnet (original magnet) is cut into the cylinder of Φ 10mm*5mm.
(2) greasy dirt for washing surface is used in combination sand paper to polish off the oxide layer on surface.
(3) cylindrical magnet is immersed in alloy slurry, pulls out and is dried up in glove box, obtain attachment alloy powder magnetic
Body.
(4) attachment alloy powder magnet, then in 430 DEG C of temper 6h, obtains crystal boundary in 940 DEG C of DIFFUSION TREATMENT 10h
Spread magnet.
Prepare 4 magnet of comparative example：
4 magnet of comparative example is Pr except diffusion source alloying component14Nd56Dy12Al18(atomic percentage) outside, other experimental procedures
It is identical as the preparation process of 4 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment.
4 original magnet of embodiment, 4 magnet of comparative example and 4 grain boundary decision magnet agnetic property at room temperature m performance of embodiment such as 4 institute of table
Show.
Table 4
| Br(kGs) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hcj(kOe) | |
| 4 original magnet of embodiment | 10.24 | 25.13 | 9.030 |
| 4 magnet of comparative example | 10.05 | 24.17 | 10.47 |
| 4 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment | 10.12 | 24.51 | 10.84 |
Embodiment 5
Prepare diffusion source alloy：
Source alloy Ce is spread using arc melting2Nd14Dy1Cu83Alloy cast ingot is prepared in (atomic percentage), will
Alloy cast ingot carries out coarse crushing, then depresses progress hydrogen in the hydrogen of 0.4MPa and breaks, finally ball milling for 24 hours, obtains under the protection of ethyl alcohol
Obtain diffusion source alloy slurry.
Wherein, the mass ratio of ethyl alcohol and alloy is 1:1.
Prepare grain boundary decision magnet：
(1) cerium magnet (original magnet) is cut into the cylinder of Φ 10mm*5mm.
(2) greasy dirt for washing surface is used in combination sand paper to polish off the oxide layer on surface.
(3) cylindrical magnet is immersed in alloy slurry, pulls out and is dried up in glove box, obtain attachment alloy powder magnetic
Body.
(4) attachment alloy powder magnet obtains grain boundary decision magnet in 940 DEG C of DIFFUSION TREATMENT 10h.
Prepare 5 magnet of comparative example：
5 magnet of comparative example is Nd except diffusion source alloying component14Dy3Cu83(atomic percentage) outside, other experimental procedures and reality
The preparation process for applying 5 grain boundary decision magnet of example is identical.
5 original magnet of embodiment, 5 magnet of comparative example and 5 grain boundary decision magnet agnetic property at room temperature m performance of embodiment such as 5 institute of table
Show.
Table 5
| Br(kGs) | (BH)max(MGOe) | Hcj(kOe) | |
| 5 original magnet of embodiment | 9.180 | 12.6 | 2.376 |
| 5 magnet of comparative example | 9.106 | 18.88 | 3.509 |
| 5 grain boundary decision magnet of embodiment | 9.134 | 19.39 | 3.875 |
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention.
Those skilled in the art obviously can easily to these embodiments, various modification can be adapted, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiment, without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.This
Technical field personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of low cost diffusion source alloy, it is characterised in that：
The chemical composition of the diffusion source alloy includes Elements C e, light rare earth elements LRE, heavy rare earth element HRE and metallic element M,
It is expressed as Ce by atomic percentagex(LREaHRE1-a) yM100-x-y；Wherein, 0 ＜ x≤20,15≤y≤99.9 and 15 ＜ x+y≤
99.9,0≤a≤1.0；
LRE is one or more in La, Pr, Nd and Y；HRE is one or more in Tb, Dy and Ho；M be Al, Cu, Zn, Ga,
It is one or more in Ag, Pb, Bi and Sn.
2. low cost diffusion source according to claim 1 alloy, it is characterised in that：0.1≤x≤20,15≤y≤94.9 and
17≤x+y≤95,0≤a≤0.97.
3. low cost diffusion source according to claim 1 alloy, it is characterised in that：Diffusion source alloy is when in use
State is：The molten alloy liquid of diffusion source alloy or spread the fast quenching thin strap of source alloy or spread source alloy rapid-hardening flake or
The expansion that the alloy powder of the thin slice of diffusion source alloy or the powder or diffusion source alloy that spread source alloy is mixed to get with solvent
Dissipate source alloy slurry.
4. low cost diffusion source according to claim 1 alloy, it is characterised in that：Diffusion source alloy is by including but not
It is limited to following methods to be prepared：
(1) it is that molten alloy liquid is used for grain boundary decision by alloying element melting；
(2) after alloying element melting is molten alloy liquid, strip is prepared as grain boundary decision by quick-quenching method；
(3) after alloying element melting is molten alloy liquid, rapid-hardening flake is prepared by strip casting, then hydrogen is broken and/or machine
Tool is broken for alloyed powder and rapid-hardening flake is used for grain boundary decision for grain boundary decision, or directly；
(4) alloying element is heated to molten condition, is cast into ingot casting, is then prepared by one of following manner：
1. ingot casting is crushed by hydrogen and/or diffusion source alloy powder is made in Mechanical Crushing；
2. by ingot casting induction melting, strip is prepared into for grain boundary decision by rapid quenching technique；
3. thinly slicing ingot casting for grain boundary decision；
4. ingot casting is heated to be molten condition for grain boundary decision.
5. the grain boundary decision magnet of inexpensive diffusion source described in claim 1 alloy is adhered on a kind of surface, it is characterised in that：
The grain boundary decision magnet is to be obtained through DIFFUSION TREATMENT and temper preparation after original magnet surface adheres to diffusion source alloy
, or only prepared by DIFFUSION TREATMENT, the original magnet is sintered state or the neodymium iron boron magnetic body or cerium magnet for being tempered state.
6. a kind of preparation method of the grain boundary decision magnet described in claim 5, it is characterised in that：This method includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) original magnet is processed into required size；
(2) greasy dirt of original magnet surface is washed, and polishes off original magnet surface oxides；
(3) in original magnet surface attachment diffusion source alloy；
(4) grain boundary decision magnetic is prepared in 750 DEG C~1000 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENT 0.5-24h in the magnet of attachment diffusion source alloy
Body, or after 750 DEG C~1000 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENTs 0.5~for 24 hours, then in 400 DEG C~700 DEG C 0.5~8h of temper, prepare
Obtain grain boundary decision magnet.
7. the preparation method of grain boundary decision magnet according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step (4), attachment is expanded
The magnet of source alloy is dissipated after 850 DEG C~980 DEG C DIFFUSION TREATMENT 4h~for 24 hours, then in 430 DEG C~640 DEG C temper 2h~6h,
Grain boundary decision magnet is prepared.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN109360703A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of hot pressing low temperature diffusion thermal deformation nanocrystalline magnet and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019223431A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | Low-cost diffusion source alloy, and grain boundary diffusion magnet and preparation method therefor |
| CN112530689A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-19 | 中钢天源股份有限公司 | Method for improving grain boundary diffusion effect of high-abundance cerium magnet |
| CN112941457A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Alloy composite grain boundary diffusant for neodymium iron boron magnet and preparation method and application thereof |
| JP2022516380A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2022-02-25 | 天津三環楽喜新材料有限公司 | Rare earth diffusing magnet manufacturing method and rare earth diffusing magnet |
| CN114203380A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-18 | 沈阳中北通磁科技股份有限公司 | High-performance rare earth permanent magnet |
| EP4156210A1 (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-29 | Yantai Dongxing Magnetic Materials Inc. | A low-cost rare earth magnet and corresponding manufacturing method thereof |
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| WO2019223431A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | Low-cost diffusion source alloy, and grain boundary diffusion magnet and preparation method therefor |
| CN109360703A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of hot pressing low temperature diffusion thermal deformation nanocrystalline magnet and preparation method thereof |
| JP2022516380A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2022-02-25 | 天津三環楽喜新材料有限公司 | Rare earth diffusing magnet manufacturing method and rare earth diffusing magnet |
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| CN112941457A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | Alloy composite grain boundary diffusant for neodymium iron boron magnet and preparation method and application thereof |
| EP4156210A1 (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-29 | Yantai Dongxing Magnetic Materials Inc. | A low-cost rare earth magnet and corresponding manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114203380A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-18 | 沈阳中北通磁科技股份有限公司 | High-performance rare earth permanent magnet |
| WO2023124527A1 (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-07-06 | 福建省长汀金龙稀土有限公司 | Grain boundary diffusion material, r-t-b magnet, and preparation method therefor |
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| WO2019223431A1 (en) | 2019-11-28 |
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