CN108413870B - Method for measuring plane size based on substitution method - Google Patents
Method for measuring plane size based on substitution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108413870B CN108413870B CN201810125404.1A CN201810125404A CN108413870B CN 108413870 B CN108413870 B CN 108413870B CN 201810125404 A CN201810125404 A CN 201810125404A CN 108413870 B CN108413870 B CN 108413870B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring plane size based on a substitution method, which is characterized in that a product to be measured is placed in a coordinate system of a measuring system on the basis of a known theoretical design distance X0 between a first measuring point A and a second measuring point B of the product to be measured, the coordinate system is divided into a plurality of continuous unit measuring areas with unit values of D, relative coordinate values from A, B to the boundary of the unit measuring areas are measured, X is the theoretical design distance X0 and X0 +/-D is substituted and calculated according to a formula L = △ X1- △ X2+ X, three measured values are obtained, then the three measured values are compared with the theoretical design distance X0, the measured value closest to the theoretical design distance X0 is calculated as the actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured, a high-precision image grabber can be adopted to grab the measuring points of the product to be measured, the plane size of the product to be measured can be converted and compared by a computer, the high-precision product to be measured can be conveniently and quickly, and the industrial utilization substitution method can be in accordance with.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, in particular to the field of product plane size measurement.
Background
After the product is processed and manufactured, the plane size of relevant characteristics of the product needs to be measured, and the conventional method is measuring by a tool ruler, but the efficiency is low, and the accuracy is not high. Then, a detection instrument such as a CCD (charge coupled device) is produced, and the image of the detected object is grabbed and then transmitted to a computer for analysis, processing and conversion, so that a more accurate detection result is obtained, high-precision and high-efficiency detection is realized, and the production requirements of the modern manufacturing industry are met. However, in the prior art, due to the structural property of the image grabber (CCD), the larger the image plane grabbed by the CCD, the lower the resolution, so that when a large-area product is measured, if the image of the product is grabbed at one time, the accuracy of the measured point location is greatly reduced, and if the image of the product is grabbed in several times, the image grabber is affected by the movement reference error of the image grabber, which also reduces the accuracy of the measured point location.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for measuring the plane dimension based on a substitution method, which is convenient, quick and accurate in detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring plane dimensions based on the substitution method, which is to place the product to be measured in a coordinate system of a measuring system on the basis of the known theoretical design distance X0 between a first measuring point A and a second measuring point B of the product to be measured, the coordinate system is divided into a plurality of continuous unit measuring areas, the unit value of the unit measuring area is D, and
capturing images of a first measuring point A of a product to be measured and a unit measuring area where the first measuring point A is located by using an image grabber, processing and calculating by using a computer to obtain a first measured value △ X1, wherein the first measured value △ X1 is a relative coordinate value from the first measuring point A to the boundary of the unit measuring area where the first measuring point A is located;
capturing a second measurement point B of a product to be measured and a unit measurement area image where the second measurement point B is located by using an image grabber, processing and calculating through a computer to obtain a second measurement value △ X2, wherein the second measurement value △ X2 is a relative coordinate value from the second measurement point B to the boundary of the unit measurement area where the second measurement point B is located;
the measurement directions of the first measurement value △ X1 and the second measurement value △ X2 are consistent, and a connecting line is measured between the first measurement point A and the second measurement point B;
the actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured is as follows:
L=△X1-△X2+X；
and substituting X which is the theoretical design distance X0 and X0 +/-D into the calculation to obtain three measured values, comparing the three measured values with the theoretical design distance X0, and calculating the measured value which is closest to the theoretical design distance X0 as the actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured.
In the above scheme, the unit measuring area is composed of a grid, a dot matrix and a bar code, and a unit value D of the unit measuring area is greater than a dimensional tolerance between the first measuring point a and the second measuring point B.
The method for measuring the plane size based on the substitution method can adopt the high-precision image grabber to grab the measuring point of the product to be measured, improves the accuracy of the measured point position, is not influenced by the movement reference error of the image grabber by utilizing substitution conversion comparison, obtains the plane size of the product to be measured with higher precision after conversion processing by a computer, is convenient and quick to measure, and accords with industrial utilization.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the conception and the specific structure of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a method for measuring plane dimensions based on the substitution method, wherein the method comprises the steps of placing a product to be measured in a coordinate system of a measurement system on the basis of a known theoretical design distance X0 between a first measurement point a and a second measurement point B of the product to be measured, the coordinate system is divided into a plurality of continuous unit measurement areas, the unit measurement area has a unit value D, the unit measurement areas are formed by grids, dot matrices and bar codes, the unit value D of the unit measurement area is greater than a dimensional tolerance between the first measurement point a and the second measurement point B, grabbing images of the unit measurement area where the first measurement point a and the first measurement point a of the product to be measured are located by an image grabber, processing and calculating a first measurement value △ X1 by a computer, the first measurement value △ X1 is a relative coordinate value from the first measurement point a to a boundary of the unit measurement area where the first measurement point a is located, processing and calculating a unit measurement point X coordinates value 635 from the second measurement point B to the left of the product to be measured by the image grabber, and calculating a unit measurement point B, the unit measurement point B and calculating a unit measurement area where the second measurement point B is located by a coordinate value △ and the unit measurement point B, and calculating a measurement point B, wherein the unit measurement point B is equal to the unit measurement point B, and the unit measurement point B, and the unit measurement point B are measured by the unit measurement point B, and the unit measurement area located when the unit measurement point B, the unit measurement.
The actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured is as follows:
L=△X1-△X2+X；
and substituting X which is the theoretical design distance X0 and X0 +/-D into the calculation to obtain three measured values, comparing the three measured values with the theoretical design distance X0, and calculating the measured value which is closest to the theoretical design distance X0 as the actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured.
Example (b):
assuming that the theoretical design distance X0 is 300mm, the unit value D of the unit measurement area is 5mm, the image grabber is a CCD, the grabbing surface of the image grabber is larger than the unit measurement area, the image grabber respectively grabs a first measurement point A and a second measurement point B of the product to be measured and the image of the corresponding unit measurement area, the images are transmitted to a computer, the images are processed by the computer and calculated to obtain measurement values △ X1 and △ X2, then the three measurement values L1, L2 and L3 are obtained by substituting and converting the L = △ X1- △ X2+ X, wherein X is respectively 300mm, 295mm and 305mm, and then the measurement value closest to the theoretical design distance X0 is the actual distance between the first measurement point A and the second measurement point B of the product to be measured by comparing the three measurement values with the theoretical design distance X0.
The invention can adopt the high-precision image grabber to grab the measuring point of the product to be measured, improves the point location accuracy of measurement, is not influenced by the movement reference error of the image grabber by utilizing substitution conversion comparison, obtains the plane size of the product to be measured with higher precision after conversion processing by a computer, is convenient and quick to measure and accords with industrial utilization.
It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the technical spirit and scope of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.
Claims (1)
1. The method for measuring the plane size based on the substitution method is characterized in that: the method includes the steps that on the basis that the theoretical design distance X0 between a first measuring point A and a second measuring point B of a product to be measured is known, the product to be measured is placed in a coordinate system of a measuring system, the coordinate system is divided into a plurality of continuous unit measuring areas, the unit value of each unit measuring area is D, each unit measuring area is formed by a grid, a point matrix or a bar code, and the unit value D of each unit measuring area is larger than the size tolerance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B; and
capturing images of a first measuring point A of a product to be measured and a unit measuring area where the first measuring point A is located by using an image grabber, processing and calculating by using a computer to obtain a first measured value △ X1, wherein the first measured value △ X1 is a relative coordinate value from the first measuring point A to the boundary of the unit measuring area where the first measuring point A is located;
capturing a second measurement point B of a product to be measured and a unit measurement area image where the second measurement point B is located by using an image grabber, processing and calculating through a computer to obtain a second measurement value △ X2, wherein the second measurement value △ X2 is a relative coordinate value from the second measurement point B to the boundary of the unit measurement area where the second measurement point B is located;
the measurement directions of the first measurement value △ X1 and the second measurement value △ X2 are consistent, and a connecting line is measured between the first measurement point A and the second measurement point B;
the actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured is as follows:
L=△X1-△X2+X；
and substituting X which is the theoretical design distance X0 and X0 +/-D into the calculation to obtain three measured values, comparing the three measured values with the theoretical design distance X0, and calculating the measured value which is closest to the theoretical design distance X0 as the actual distance between the first measuring point A and the second measuring point B of the product to be measured.
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| CN112254655A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-22 | 北京平恒智能科技有限公司 | Super large-size high accuracy two-dimensional plane measuring equipment |
| CN115143883B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | 北京市测绘设计研究院 | Measurement method and measurement system |
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| CN102607446A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-25 | 中建工业设备安装有限公司 | Method for measuring steel structure welding deformation based on gridding |
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