CN108413442B - Variable flow cyclone - Google Patents
Variable flow cyclone Download PDFInfo
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- CN108413442B CN108413442B CN201810324240.5A CN201810324240A CN108413442B CN 108413442 B CN108413442 B CN 108413442B CN 201810324240 A CN201810324240 A CN 201810324240A CN 108413442 B CN108413442 B CN 108413442B
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- Prior art keywords
- blade
- rotatable
- cyclone
- hub
- inner hub
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
- F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
- F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat energy and power equipment, and particularly relates to a variable flow cyclone which comprises a rotatable inner hub, a fixed outer hub and rotatable blades; one side of the rotatable blade is arranged on the fixed outer hub, and the other side of the rotatable blade is arranged on the rotatable inner hub; the rotatable inner hub includes an inner hub floor and an inner hub outlet ring; the fixed outer hub comprises an outer hub bottom plate and an outer hub outlet ring; the rotatable blade comprises a rotatable blade body, a first blade sliding shaft, a first blade rotating shaft, a second blade sliding shaft and a second blade rotating shaft; the cyclone can change the blade installation angle and the cyclone flow area, thereby changing the air flow and the swirl number entering the cyclone, overcoming the defect that the blade angle and the air flow of the traditional fixed type cyclone are not adjustable, and realizing the non-detachable online adjustment of the cyclone; the time of stopping, replacing and testing and debugging is saved, and the utilization rate of the cyclone is improved.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of heat energy and power equipment, and particularly relates to a variable flow cyclone.
The background technology is as follows:
with the increasing strictness of marine, harbor and atmospheric environmental protection, countries around the world have set increasingly strict limits on the emission of pollutants from the combustion chamber of gas turbines. In the compact space of high heat load of the combustion chamber of the ship and the industrial gas turbine, the low-emission combustion technology is needed to be adopted to control the emission of NOx and CO simultaneously, so that the high combustion efficiency and flame stability are maintained and the required pollutant emission index is realized. However, in conventional combustors, both are contradictory. How to reduce the emission of NOx and ensure the emission of CO to meet the standard in a wide working condition range is a main technical problem to be solved by the invention.
In order to reduce pollutant discharge in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, a lean premixed combustion technology is generally adopted, so that more air enters from the head of the flame tube, namely the cyclone, so that fuel and air are fully mixed, the flame temperature of a main combustion zone is reduced, and the NOx discharge is reduced. The air quantity entering from the cyclone must reach a large enough proportion, at this time, although the NOx and CO emission of the combustion chamber can be ensured to meet the design requirement under the high working condition or the design working condition, when the working condition of the gas turbine is reduced, the NOx emission can meet the index requirement, but the CO emission exceeds the design index, at this time, the air input of the head part of the combustion chamber must be adjusted to raise the temperature of the combustion zone, so that the CO can be fully combusted, thereby meeting the design requirement.
Therefore, special technical measures must be taken to ensure stable flame combustion, and the air quantity entering from the cyclone at the head of the flame tube can be adjusted according to the requirements of the operation working condition of the gas turbine.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a variable flow cyclone. The cyclone can adjust the size of the hub of the cyclone according to the size and the structural characteristics of the flame tube, and is installed in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine after being assembled with the flame tube, and the installation angle of the cyclone blade can be changed by changing the relative angle of the inner hub and the outer hub of the cyclone, so that the air flow entering the cyclone and the swirl number of air flowing out can be adjusted. The low-emission working condition range of the gas turbine is widened, the defect that the blade angle and the air flow of the traditional fixed type cyclone are not adjustable is overcome, and the non-detachable online adjustment of the cyclone is realized; the time of stopping, replacing and testing and debugging is saved, and the utilization rate of the cyclone is improved.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: a variable flow swirler comprises a rotatable inner hub, a fixed outer hub and rotatable blades; one side of the rotatable blade is arranged on the fixed outer hub, and the other side of the rotatable blade is arranged on the rotatable inner hub.
Further, the rotatable inner hub includes an inner hub floor and an inner hub outlet ring, a plurality of inner hub radial runners and inner hub circumferential runners arranged in a circumferential array on the inner hub floor.
Further, the fixed outer hub comprises an outer hub bottom plate and an outer hub outlet ring, and a plurality of outer hub rotating slide ways and outer hub rotating bearings are arranged on the outer hub bottom plate along a circumferential array.
Further, the rotatable blade comprises a rotatable blade body, a first blade sliding shaft, a first blade rotating shaft, a second blade sliding shaft and a second blade rotating shaft, wherein the first blade sliding shaft, the first blade rotating shaft, the second blade sliding shaft and the second blade rotating shaft are respectively positioned at two sides of the rotatable blade body; the first blade sliding shaft is arranged in the radial slideway of the inner hub and can slide along the radial direction; the first blade rotating shaft is arranged in the inner hub circumferential slideway and can rotate along the circumferential slideway; the second blade sliding shaft is arranged in the outer hub rotating slideway and can rotate along the rotating slideway; the second blade rotating shaft is arranged in the outer hub rotating bearing and can rotate around the outer hub rotating bearing; the outer hub rotating slideway takes an outer hub rotating bearing as a circle center, takes the distance from a first blade sliding shaft to a first blade rotating shaft as a radius, and takes an arc rotating at a certain angle as an arc slideway with a molded line design; through the rotation of rotatable interior wheel hub, can drive rotatable blade and slide and rotate along interior wheel hub radial slide, interior wheel hub circumference slide, outer wheel hub rotary slide and outer wheel hub swivel bearing, change the flow area of blade installation angle and swirler to change air flow and the whirl number that flows through the swirler, with the change of adaptation gas turbine operating mode, adjust combustion zone temperature, reduce the pollutant emission of combustion chamber, thereby widen the low emission operating mode scope of gas turbine, realize the non-dismantlement formula on-line adjustment of swirler.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a variable geometry cyclone is provided that can vary the cyclone vane mounting angle and the cyclone flow area, thereby varying the air flow rate and the number of cyclones entering the cyclone. The variable geometry cyclone has important application value in the field of ships and industrial gas turbines. The cyclone is developed for widening the low-emission working range of the gas turbine, solving the problem of mutual restriction of NOx emission and CO emission of a combustion chamber and combining the working characteristics of the gas turbine and the low-emission combustion technology. The cyclone can adjust the size of the hub of the cyclone according to the size and the structural characteristics of the flame tube, and is installed in a combustion chamber of a gas turbine after being assembled with the flame tube, and the installation angle of the cyclone blade can be changed by changing the relative angle of the inner hub and the outer hub of the cyclone, so that the air flow entering the cyclone and the swirl number of air flowing out can be adjusted. The low-emission working condition range of the gas turbine is widened; the defect that the blade angle and the air flow of the traditional fixed type cyclone are not adjustable is overcome, and the non-detachable online adjustment of the cyclone is realized; the time of stopping, replacing and testing and debugging is saved, the utilization rate of the cyclone is improved, and the cyclone has good application prospect.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 2 in the B direction;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rotatable inner hub of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the N-directional structure of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the M-direction structure of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the stationary outer hub of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the E-direction structure of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the F-direction structure of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a rotatable blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a left side view of FIG. 11;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the adjustment principle of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
referring to the figures, the variable flow swirler comprises a rotatable inner hub 1, a stationary outer hub 2 and rotatable vanes 3; the rotatable inner hub 1 comprises an inner hub bottom plate 7 and an inner hub outlet ring 6, wherein a plurality of inner hub radial slide ways 4 are arranged on the inner hub bottom plate 7 along a circumferential array, and a plurality of inner hub circumferential slide ways 5 are arranged along the circumferential array; the fixed outer hub 2 comprises an outer hub bottom plate 11 and an outer hub outlet ring 10, wherein a plurality of outer hub rotary slide ways 8 are arranged on the outer hub bottom plate 11 along a circumferential array, and a plurality of outer hub rotary bearings 9 are arranged along the circumferential array; the rotatable blade 2 includes a rotatable blade body 12, a first blade sliding shaft 13, a first blade rotating shaft 14, a second blade sliding shaft 15, a second blade rotating shaft 16; the first blade sliding shaft 13 is arranged in the inner hub radial slideway 4 and can slide along the radial direction; the first blade rotating shaft 14 is arranged in the inner hub circumferential slideway 5 and can rotate along the circumferential slideway; the second vane sliding shaft 15 is arranged in the outer hub rotary slide way 8 and can rotate along the rotary slide way, and the second vane rotary shaft 16 is arranged in the outer hub rotary bearing 9 so that the vanes can rotate around the second vane rotary shaft; the outer hub rotary slideway 8 takes an outer hub rotary bearing 9 as a circle center, takes the distance from a first blade sliding shaft 13 to a first blade rotary shaft 14 as a radius, and takes an arc rotating at a certain angle as an arc slideway with a molded line design.
In the initial state, the rotatable blades are positioned at the broken line GH position in FIG. 13, the blade mounting angle is a, and the first blade sliding shaft is positioned at the I position of the radial slideway of the hub of the inner wheel; the first blade rotating shaft is positioned at the O position of the circumferential slideway of the inner hub; the second blade sliding shaft is positioned at the H position of the outer hub rotary slideway; the second blade rotating shaft is positioned at the G position of the outer hub rotating bearing, and the flow area between the adjacent blades is S 1 The air flow through the cyclone was m1.
When the working condition of the gas turbine descends, the air flow passing through the cyclone needs to be reduced, at the moment, the rotatable inner hub is rotated anticlockwise to enable the rotating angle c, then the P point of the circumferential slideway of the inner hub is rotated to the O point, the fixed outer hub is not moved, the second blade rotating shaft rotates in the outer hub rotating bearing by taking the G point as the circle center, then the first blade rotating shaft rotates to the P position of the circumferential slideway of the inner hub, the first blade sliding shaft slides to the J position of the circumferential slideway of the inner hub, the second blade sliding shaft slides to the K position of the rotational slideway of the outer hub, the blades reach the position shown by solid lines PK in the figure, and the point on the rotatable inner hub is formed by the originalPosition I of (2) 1 、J 1 、O 1 、P 1 Respectively reaching the final I, J, O, P position, wherein the blade mounting angle is b, and the flow area between adjacent blades is S 2 The air flow through the cyclone was m 2 。
Due to S 2 ＜S 1 M is then 2 ＜m 1 Thereby completing the adjustment of the air flow rate.
If the working condition of the gas turbine is lowered and the air inflow of the cyclone is required to be reduced, the rotatable inner hub is rotated anticlockwise, and the temperature of a combustion area is increased to reduce CO emission when lower NOx emission is ensured;
if the working condition of the gas turbine rises and the air inflow of the cyclone is required to be increased, the rotatable inner hub is rotated clockwise, and the temperature of a combustion area is reduced when lower CO emission is ensured so as to reduce NOx emission;
the inner hub can be rotated clockwise or anticlockwise by a certain angle according to the working condition change of the gas turbine, so that the installation angle of the blades is changed, the air flow flowing through the cyclone is adjusted, the temperature of a combustion area is further adjusted, and the aim of reducing CO and NOx emission of the combustion chamber is achieved. Through this variable flow swirler, need not carry out equipment change, just can realize the regulation of air flow.
The cyclone is a variable flow cyclone capable of changing the installation angle of the cyclone blade and the air flow, and can be used for a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber. The inner hub is provided with a plurality of radial slide ways and circumferential slide ways, the outer hub is provided with a plurality of rotary slide ways and rotary bearings, the blades are driven to rotate along the radial slide ways, the circumferential slide ways, the rotary slide ways and the rotary bearings through the rotation of the inner hub, and the installation angles of the blades and the flow area of the cyclone are changed, so that the air flow flowing through the cyclone is changed, the temperature of a combustion area is regulated, and the pollutant emission of the combustion chamber is reduced. The problem of the narrow working range of low emission of gas turbine has been overcome to traditional fixed swirler blade angle and air flow unadjustable shortcoming, has realized the non-dismantlement formula on-line adjustment of swirler, has good application prospect.
Claims (1)
1. A variable flow swirler, characterized in that: comprises a rotatable inner hub (1), a fixed outer hub (2) and rotatable blades (3); one side of the rotatable blade (3) is arranged on the fixed outer hub (2), and the other side of the rotatable blade is arranged on the rotatable inner hub (1);
the rotatable inner hub (1) comprises an inner hub bottom plate (7) and an inner hub outlet ring (6), wherein a plurality of inner hub radial slide ways (4) and inner hub circumferential slide ways (5) are arranged on the inner hub bottom plate (7) along a circumferential array;
the fixed outer hub (2) comprises an outer hub bottom plate (11) and an outer hub outlet ring (10), and a plurality of outer hub rotary slide ways (8) and outer hub rotary bearings (9) are arranged on the outer hub bottom plate (11) along a circumferential array;
the rotatable blade (2) comprises a rotatable blade body (12), a first blade sliding shaft (13), a first blade rotating shaft (14), a second blade sliding shaft (15) and a second blade rotating shaft (16), wherein the first blade sliding shaft (13), the first blade rotating shaft (14), the second blade sliding shaft (15) and the second blade rotating shaft (16) are respectively positioned at two sides of the rotatable blade body (12); the first blade sliding shaft (13) is installed in the inner hub radial slide way (4), the first blade rotating shaft (14) is installed in the inner hub circumferential slide way (5), the second blade sliding shaft (15) is installed in the outer hub rotating slide way (8), and the second blade rotating shaft (16) is installed in the outer hub rotating bearing (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810324240.5A CN108413442B (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Variable flow cyclone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810324240.5A CN108413442B (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Variable flow cyclone |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108413442A CN108413442A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108413442B true CN108413442B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810324240.5A Active CN108413442B (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Variable flow cyclone |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109539310B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-12-08 | 西北工业大学 | Integrated afterburner adopting adjustable preheating rectifying support plate |
| CN110715321A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-21 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Swirler with adjustable throat area |
| CN111594872B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-04-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Deformable swirler air flow distribution intelligent adjusting system and method |
| CN114659137B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-05-23 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | Cyclone and power device |
| CN115949970B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-08-22 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | Cyclone blade and cyclone |
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