CN108412452B - Packer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Packer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108412452B CN108412452B CN201810213880.9A CN201810213880A CN108412452B CN 108412452 B CN108412452 B CN 108412452B CN 201810213880 A CN201810213880 A CN 201810213880A CN 108412452 B CN108412452 B CN 108412452B
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- pipe
- sleeve
- wall
- tube
- locking
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/128—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
- E21B33/1285—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure by fluid pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A packer and method of use thereof, wherein the packer comprises: a sealing part, an unsealing part and a locking part; the sealing part comprises a central tube and a rubber cylinder, the rubber cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube, and a sealing area formed by the inner wall of the rubber cylinder and the outer wall of the central tube is communicated with the inner wall of the central tube, so that the rubber cylinder expands to seal an oil sleeve annulus along the axial direction perpendicular to the central tube in a state that the hydraulic pressure in an oil pipe is greater than a first threshold value; the deblocking part comprises a balancing pipe, and the lower end of the balancing pipe is sleeved on the inner side of the upper end of the central pipe; the locking part comprises a locking sleeve and a locking piece, and the locking sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the central tube; in a state where the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is greater than the second threshold value, the lock sleeve moves downward in the axial direction of the center pipe so that the inner wall of the lock sleeve is disengaged from the outer side of the lock member, the lock member is in a movable state, and the balance pipe has a degree of freedom to move in the axial direction of the center pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of downhole tools of oil and gas fields, in particular to a packer and a use method thereof.
Background
The packer is widely used in the fields of well cementation, underground operation and the like, and separates all the intervals of an oil well so as to construct the intervals.
At present, the types of the expansion type packers mainly used in the construction process are K341 type packers and K344 type packers, a plurality of packers are connected to a pipe column in operation, the oil sleeve annulus is sealed after each packer is set, the stratum is divided into a plurality of sections, and the layers are set to realize layering measures. With the increasing number of single pipe column packers and packing stages, the two expansion packers have the defects that the deblocking force is overlapped layer by layer, the more the stages, the larger the deblocking force, when the deblocking force is overlarge, the pipe column can not be deblocked even, the packer can not meet the requirement of normal construction, so that the application of the packer is limited, and the function of the packer can not be exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, embodiments of the present application disclose a packer, comprising: a sealing part, an unsealing part and a locking part;
the sealing part comprises a central tube and a rubber cylinder, the rubber cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube, and a sealing area formed by the inner wall of the rubber cylinder and the outer wall of the central tube is communicated with the inner wall of the central tube, so that the rubber cylinder expands to seal an oil sleeve annulus along the axial direction perpendicular to the central tube in a state that the hydraulic pressure in an oil pipe in the central tube is greater than a first threshold value;
the deblocking part comprises a balancing pipe, and the lower end of the balancing pipe is sleeved on the inner wall of the upper end of the central pipe;
the locking part comprises a locking sleeve and a locking piece, and the locking sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper end of the central tube;
the locking piece penetrates through the wall of the central tube, the inner side of the locking piece extends into the wall of the balance tube, the outer side of the locking piece is attached to the inner wall of the locking sleeve, so that the locking piece is in a fixed state, and the central tube and the balance tube are relatively fixed;
in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is greater than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe so that the inner wall of the locking sleeve is separated from the outer side of the locking piece, and the locking piece is in a movable state, so that the balance pipe has the freedom degree of moving along the axial direction of the central pipe.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the lower end of the balance pipe is provided with a slit part communicated with the inner cavity of the balance pipe, and the upper end of the central pipe is provided with a pressure transmission hole penetrating through the pipe wall of the central pipe;
and in a state that the central pipe and the balance pipe are relatively fixed, the slit part is communicated with the pressure transmission hole, so that the inner cavity of the balance pipe is communicated with the inner wall of the locking sleeve, and the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe in the balance pipe is transmitted to the inner wall of the locking sleeve.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the locking part further includes: safety pin shearing;
the sleeve wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a safety shear pin hole, and the outer side of the central tube is provided with a safety shear pin groove;
the safety shear pin penetrates through the safety shear pin hole, and one end of the safety shear pin extends into the safety shear pin groove to enable the central tube and the locking sleeve to be relatively fixed;
and in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is larger than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve shears the safety shear pin, and the locking sleeve moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the wall of the central tube is provided with a locking piece through hole, and the outer side of the balance tube is provided with a locking piece annular groove;
the locking piece penetrates through the locking piece through hole, and one end of the locking piece extends into the locking piece annular groove.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the decapsulation unit further includes: the connecting sleeve and the deblocking shear pin;
the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the balance pipe, and the inner side of the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the central pipe through threads;
the sleeve wall of the connecting sleeve is provided with a deblocking shear pin hole, and the outer side of the balance pipe is provided with a deblocking shear pin groove;
the deblocking shear pin penetrates through the deblocking shear pin hole and extends to the deblocking shear pin groove so as to enable the connecting sleeve and the balance pipe to be relatively fixed;
when the external force is larger than a third threshold value, the balance pipe shears the deblocking shear pin, the balance pipe moves upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe, and when the balance pipe moves to the state that the locking piece through hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the central pipe, the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe in the inner cavity of the central pipe is decompressed through the locking piece through hole and the safety shear pin hole, so that the pressure balance of the oil jacket is realized, and the rubber cylinder is contracted and reset along the axial direction perpendicular to the central pipe.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the decapsulation unit further includes: a hanging sleeve and a torque pin;
the hanging sleeve is sleeved between the connecting sleeve and the balance pipe, and the outer side of the hanging sleeve is connected with the inner side of the upper end of the connecting sleeve through screw threads;
the sleeve wall of the hanging sleeve is provided with a torque pin hole, and the wall of the balance pipe is provided with a torque pin groove;
the torque pin penetrates through the torque pin hole and extends into the torque pin groove so that the hanging sleeve and the balance pipe are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction;
the torque pin moves relative to the torque pin slot within the range of the torque pin slot in a state in which the balance pipe moves upward in the axial direction of the center pipe.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the outer wall of the balance pipe is formed with a protrusion, the balance pipe moves upwards along the axial direction of the center pipe to the protrusion and the hanging sleeve are clamped, and after the pressure release is completed, the rubber cylinder contracts and resets along the axial direction perpendicular to the center pipe, so that the unsealing is completed, the balance pipe continues to move upwards, and the sealing part is driven to move upwards to enable the packer to be separated from the oil pipe.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the packer further comprises: an upper joint and a lower joint;
the upper joint is connected with the upper end of the balance pipe through screw threads;
the lower joint is connected with the lower end of the central tube through screw threads.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the sealing part further includes: the upper rubber cylinder pressing cap and the lower rubber cylinder pressing cap;
the upper pressure cap of the rubber cylinder is sleeved outside the upper end of the rubber cylinder, and the upper end of the rubber cylinder is fixed between the upper pressure cap of the rubber cylinder and the central tube;
the rubber cylinder pressing cap is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the rubber cylinder, and the lower end of the rubber cylinder is fixed between the rubber cylinder pressing cap and the central tube.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the wall of the central tube is provided with a penetration portion, and the packing element is in communication with the inner cavity of the central tube through the penetration portion.
The embodiment of the application also provides a using method of the packer, which is used for the packer and comprises the following steps:
injecting oil into the central tube, and expanding the rubber cylinder to seal an oil sleeve annulus along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the central tube in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube is greater than a first threshold value;
and continuously injecting oil into the central tube, wherein the locking sleeve moves downwards along the axial direction of the central tube in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube is greater than a second threshold value, the outer side of the locking piece is separated from the inner wall of the locking sleeve, the locking piece is in a movable state, and the balance tube has the freedom degree of moving along the axial direction of the central tube.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the sleeve wall of the locking sleeve is provided with a safety shear pin hole, and the outer side of the central tube is provided with a safety shear pin groove;
the safety shear pin penetrates through the safety shear pin hole, and one end of the safety shear pin extends into the safety shear pin groove to enable the central tube and the locking sleeve to be relatively fixed;
and in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is greater than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe, and specifically comprises the following steps:
in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is larger than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve shears the safety shear pin so that the locking sleeve moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the wall of the central tube is provided with a locking piece through hole, and the locking piece penetrates through the locking piece through hole and extends to the wall of the balance tube;
the method further comprises the steps of:
when the external force is larger than a third threshold value, the balance pipe moves upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe, and when the balance pipe moves to the state that the locking piece through hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the central pipe, oil in the inner cavity of the central pipe is decompressed through the locking piece through hole and the safety shear pin hole, so that the rubber cylinder contracts along the axial direction perpendicular to the central pipe;
after the pressure relief is finished, the balance pipe continues to move upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe, and drives the sealing part to move upwards so as to separate the packer from the oil pipe.
The application provides a packer and a using method thereof, install the locking piece between the balance pipe with the center tube, work as when the locking piece is in fixed state, the balance pipe with relatively fixed between the center tube, when hydraulic pressure is greater than the second threshold in the oil pipe, the locking piece is followed the axial displacement of center tube makes the balance pipe has the edge the degree of freedom of axial displacement of center tube, only need lift the balance pipe after the construction finishes, can cut when external force is greater than the third threshold, can cut off the deblocking shear pin, the packer is released, and the deblocking can be accomplished to the continuous lift balance pipe after the pressure release finishes, has overcome the packer among the prior art and has been used the too big technical defect that leads to unable deblocking of deblocking force.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a packer provided in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a packing element of a packer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a balance tube of a packer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a center tube of a packer provided in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a locking sleeve of a packer provided in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a connection sleeve of a packer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a hanging sleeve of a packer provided in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method of using a packer provided in an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of a packer provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram of a packer provided in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 9c is a schematic diagram of a packer provided in an embodiment of the application.
Reference numerals
1-upper joint, 2-balance pipe;
3, hanging sleeve and 4, torque pin;
5-connecting sleeve, 6-deblocking shear pin;
7, a safety shear pin and 8, a locking piece;
9-a sealing ring and 10-a locking sleeve;
11-a rubber cylinder upper pressing cap and 12-a rubber cylinder;
13-a central tube and 14-a rubber cylinder pressing cap;
15-lower joint, 121-metal tube head;
122-skeleton layer, 123-glue layer;
21-slot part, 22-torque pin slot;
23-a locking piece ring groove, 24-a deblocking shear pin groove;
31-torque pin holes, 51-deblocking shear pin holes;
131-pressure transmission holes, 132-locking piece through holes;
133-safety shear pin slot, 134-penetration;
101-safety shear pin holes.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings.
In this document, "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate positional relationships between opposing portions, and do not limit the absolute positions of the relevant portions.
To solve the above problem, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a packer, including: a sealing part, an unsealing part and a locking part;
the sealing part comprises a central tube 13 and a rubber tube 12, the rubber tube 12 is sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube 13, and a sealing area formed by the inner wall of the rubber tube 12 and the outer wall of the central tube 13 is communicated with the inner wall of the central tube 13, so that the rubber tube 12 expands to seal an oil jacket annulus along the axial direction perpendicular to the central tube 13 under the state that the hydraulic pressure in an oil tube is greater than a first threshold value;
the unsealing part comprises a balance pipe 2, and the lower end of the balance pipe 2 is sleeved on the inner wall of the upper end of the central pipe 13;
the locking part comprises a locking sleeve 10 and a locking piece 8, and the locking sleeve 10 is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper end of the central tube 13;
the locking piece 8 penetrates through the wall of the central tube 13, the inner side of the locking piece 8 extends into the wall of the balance tube 2, the outer side of the locking piece 8 is attached to the inner wall of the locking sleeve 10, so that the locking piece 8 is in a fixed state, and the central tube 13 and the balance tube 2 are relatively fixed;
in a state where the oil pressure in the oil pipe is greater than the second threshold value, the lock sleeve 10 is moved downward in the axial direction of the center pipe 13 so that the inner wall of the lock sleeve 10 is disengaged from the outside of the lock 8, and the lock 8 is in a movable state so that the balance pipe 2 has a degree of freedom to move in the axial direction of the center pipe 13.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rubber cylinder 12 of a packer according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the drawings, the rubber cylinder 12 includes: a metal tube head 121, a framework layer 122 and an adhesive layer 123;
the framework layer 122 is disposed in the adhesive layer 123, and two ends of the adhesive layer 123 are respectively connected with the metal tube head 121 through threads.
The material of the glue layer 123 may be a stretchable material such as rubber, the material of the skeleton layer 122 may be a material such as steel filaments or nylon cord, and the material of the metal tube head 121 may be 35CrMo.
The rubber cylinder 12 is hollow and tubular, and the inner diameter of the rubber cylinder 12 is matched with the outer diameter of the central tube 13.
The outer diameter of the lower end of the balance pipe 2 is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the center pipe 13.
The inner diameter of the locking sleeve 10 is adapted to the outer diameter of the balancing pipe 2.
In the present embodiment, the locking member 8 may be a ball-shaped locking member. When the locking piece 8 is in a fixed state, the outer side of the locking piece 8 is attached to the inner diameter of the locking sleeve 10, so that the locking piece 8 cannot move in the locking piece through hole 132.
The range of the first threshold may be 2MPa to 3MPa, and the second threshold may be about 30 MPa.
Optionally, the wall of the central tube 13 is provided with a penetration portion 134, and the rubber cylinder 12 is communicated with the inner cavity of the central tube 13 through the penetration portion 134. The penetrating portion 134 may be a cutting seam on the wall of the central tube 13, and a process hole may be disposed on the wall of the central tube 13, and the cutting seam is processed on the central tube 13 through the process hole, and the process hole is sealed after processing.
The packer that this application embodiment provided uses locking sleeve 10 will locking piece 8 be fixed in between center tube 13 with balance tube 2 is in order to make center tube 13 with balance tube 2 is fixed relatively, when the intraductal hydraulic pressure of packer inner chamber is greater than the second threshold value, locking piece 8 is in movable state, through lifting balance tube 2, accomplishes the pressure release, easy operation can realize safe deblocking, has overcome the packer among the prior art and has had the too big technical defect that leads to unable deblocking of deblocking when using.
Fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5 are schematic structural views of a balance pipe 2, a center pipe 13 and a locking sleeve 10 of a packer provided in an embodiment of the present application, according to fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present application, a slit portion 21 communicating with an inner cavity of the balance pipe 2 is provided at a lower end of the balance pipe 2, and a pressure transmitting hole 131 penetrating a pipe wall of the center pipe 13 is provided at an upper end of the center pipe 13;
in a state where the center pipe 13 and the balance pipe 2 are relatively fixed, the slit portion 21 communicates with the pressure transmitting hole 131, so that the inner cavity of the balance pipe 2 communicates with the inner wall of the lock sleeve 10, and the oil pipe hydraulic pressure in the balance pipe 2 is transmitted to the inner wall of the lock sleeve 10.
The outer diameter of the lower end of the balance pipe 2 is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the center pipe 13.
The length of the slit portion 21 may be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.
The central tube 13 is of a hollow tubular structure, the inner diameter of the upper end of the central tube 13 is relatively large and is provided with a sealing surface, the outer diameter of the central tube is provided with two stepped seals, the tube wall of the upper end of the central tube 13 is provided with a pressure transmission hole 131, the size of the pressure transmission hole 131 is processed according to actual needs, when the hydraulic pressure in an oil tube is ensured to be greater than a second threshold value, the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube is transmitted to the inner wall of the locking sleeve 10 through the pressure transmission hole 131, and the locking sleeve 10 moves downwards along the axial direction of the central tube 13 under the action of the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube, so that the locking piece 8 is in a movable state. The upper and lower ends of the center tube 13 may be connected by screw threads.
The balance pipe 2 is of a hollow tubular structure, the size of the slit part 21 is matched with the pressure transmission hole 131, so that the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe can pass through the slit part 21 and the pressure transmission hole 131, and the inner cavity of the balance pipe 2 is communicated with the locking sleeve 10. The outer diameter of the lower end of the balance pipe 2 is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the center pipe 13, and the lower end of the balance pipe 2 is clamped with the upper end of the center pipe 13.
The locking sleeve 10 may be provided with two-stage stepped sealing surfaces, the upper end of the locking sleeve 10 is a large-diameter section, the lower end of the locking sleeve 10 is a small-diameter section, when the locking piece 8 is in a fixed state, the locking piece through hole 132 is aligned with the small-diameter section of the locking sleeve 10, the outer side of the locking piece 8 is attached to the inner side of the small-diameter section, and when the locking piece 8 is in a movable state, the locking piece through hole 132 is aligned with the large-diameter section. The two-stage stepped sealing surface of the locking sleeve 10 is matched with the stepped two sealing surfaces of the central tube 13, a group of sealing grooves are formed in the sealing surface at the lower end of the locking sleeve, and the sealing rings 9 are arranged in the sealing grooves to ensure that the sealing state is kept between the lower end of the locking sleeve and the central tube 13. When the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is greater than the second threshold value, the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is transmitted to the inner wall of the locking sleeve 10 through the pressure transmission hole 131, the locking sleeve 10 moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13 under the action of the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe, one side of the locking piece 8 is separated from the small-diameter section of the locking sleeve 10, and a movable space is formed between the locking piece 8 and the large-diameter section of the central pipe 13, so that the locking piece 8 is in a movable state.
According to the packer provided by the embodiment of the application, the locking sleeve 10 is communicated with the inner cavity of the central pipe 13 through the pressure transmission hole 131, the stepped sealing surface of the locking sleeve 10 is combined with the sealing ring 9 to form a hydraulic piston, and the locking sleeve 10 obtains longitudinal freedom degree by utilizing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the piston, so that the locking piece 8 is converted from a fixed state to a movable state.
According to fig. 1, 4 and 5, in an embodiment of the present application, the locking part further includes: a safety shear pin 7;
the sleeve wall of the locking sleeve 10 is provided with a safety shear pin hole 101, and the outer side of the central tube 13 is provided with a safety shear pin groove 133;
the safety shear pin 7 penetrates through the safety shear pin hole 101, and one end of the safety shear pin 7 extends into the safety shear pin groove 133, so that the central tube 13 and the locking sleeve 10 are relatively fixed;
in a state where the oil pipe internal hydraulic pressure is greater than the second threshold value, the lock sleeve 10 shears the shear pin 7, and the lock sleeve 10 moves downward in the axial direction of the center pipe 13.
The dimensions of the safety shear pin slot 133, the safety shear pin hole 101 and the safety shear pin 7 are adapted. A plurality of safety shear pin holes 101 may be provided in the wall of the lock sleeve 10, and the safety shear pins 7 may be installed in the safety shear pin holes 101 in their entirety or only in part, so as to manually control the shear force.
The upper end of the central tube 13 forms an annular bulge, a safety shear pin groove 133 is formed on the bulge, a safety shear pin hole 101 is formed on the sleeve wall of the locking sleeve 10, and the inner side of the locking sleeve 10 is attached to the outer side of the upper end of the central tube 13, so that the safety shear pin 7 penetrates through the safety shear pin hole 101 and extends into the safety shear pin groove 133.
After the packer is pressurized, the pressure in the inner cavity of the locking sleeve 10 is higher than the pressure outside the locking sleeve 10 through the balance pipe 2, the internal and external pressure difference enables the locking sleeve 10 to move downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13, the central pipe 13 is fixed, the locking sleeve 10 drives the safety shear pin 7 to move downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13, the safety shear pin 7 is subjected to shearing force, the larger the pressure difference is, the larger the shearing force is, and when the pressure in the oil pipe is larger than a second threshold value, the safety shear pin 7 is sheared due to the shearing force.
According to the packer provided by the embodiment of the application, the locking sleeve 10 moves along the axial direction of the central tube 13 by utilizing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the packer cavity, so that the movable state of the locking piece 8 is controlled, the operation is simple, and the flexibility of the packer structure is improved.
According to fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the wall of the central tube 13 is provided with a locking piece through hole 132, and the outer side of the balance tube 2 is provided with a locking piece ring groove 23;
the locking piece 8 penetrates the locking piece through hole 132, and one end of the locking piece 8 extends into the locking piece annular groove 23.
The sizes of the locking piece 8, the locking piece through hole 132 and the locking piece annular groove 23 are matched, when the locking piece 8 is in a fixed state, one end of the locking piece 8 extends into the locking piece annular groove 23, the other end of the locking piece 8 is attached to the inner sleeve wall of the locking sleeve 10, when the locking sleeve 10 is pushed by hydraulic pressure in an oil pipe to move downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13, the large-diameter section of the locking sleeve 10 is aligned with the locking piece 8, at the moment, the locking piece 8 is separated from the inner sleeve wall of the locking sleeve 10, the locking piece 8 can move outwards along the locking piece through hole 132 and separate from the locking piece annular groove 23 of the wall of the balance pipe 2, and the locking piece 8 loses the locking effect, so that the balance pipe 2 is separated from the central pipe 13.
The packer that this embodiment provided the pipe wall of the center tube 13 of packer is provided with locking piece through-hole 132, the pipe wall of center tube 13 is provided with locking piece annular 23, through locking piece 8 will center tube 13 with balance tube 2 is fixed locking sleeve 10 follows the axial of center tube 13 moves down to locking sleeve 10's major diameter section removes to locking piece 8 place location makes locking piece 8 can remove in locking piece through-hole 132, only need lift up center tube 13 can realize the deblocking after the construction is finished, convenient operation can the size of manual control deblocking power, realizes the step-by-step deblocking of packer.
According to fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, in this embodiment, the decapsulation unit further includes: the connecting sleeve 5 and the deblocking shear pin 6;
the connecting sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the balance pipe 2, and the inner side of the lower end of the connecting sleeve 5 is connected with the central pipe 13 through screw threads;
the sleeve wall of the connecting sleeve 5 is provided with a deblocking shear pin hole 51, and the outer side of the balance pipe 2 is provided with a deblocking shear pin groove 24;
the deblocking shear pin 6 penetrates through the deblocking shear pin hole 51 and extends into the deblocking shear pin groove 24 so as to fix the connecting sleeve 5 and the balance pipe 2 relatively;
when the external force is greater than the third threshold, the balance pipe 2 shears the deblocking shear pin 6, the balance pipe 2 moves upwards along the axial direction of the center pipe 13, and when the balance pipe 2 moves to the state that the locking piece through hole 132 is communicated with the inner cavity of the center pipe 13, the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe in the inner cavity of the center pipe 13 is relieved through the locking piece through hole 132 and the safety shear pin hole 101, so that the rubber cylinder 12 contracts along the axial direction perpendicular to the center pipe 13.
The connecting sleeve 5 is hollow and tubular, and the connecting sleeve 5 is connected with the central tube 13 through threads, so that the connecting sleeve 5 cannot move longitudinally when the balance tube 2 is lifted. The middle part radial evenly distributed of adapter sleeve 5 has deblocking shear pin hole 51, deblocking shear pin 6, deblocking shear pin hole 51 and deblocking shear pin groove 24 looks adaptation, the external diameter of adapter sleeve 5 with the internal diameter looks adaptation of balance pipe 2.
The upper end of the balance pipe 2 forms an annular bulge, and the upper end of the annular bulge is clamped with the lower end of the connecting sleeve 5, so that the connecting sleeve 5 is kept fixed in the longitudinal direction.
The number of the deblocking shear pins 6 may be identical to the number of the deblocking shear pin holes 51, or may be smaller than the number of the deblocking shear pin holes 51, and the size of the required external force is related to the material and the number of the deblocking shear pins 6, and may be selected according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the decapsulation unit further includes: a hanging sleeve 3 and a torque pin 4;
the hanging sleeve 3 is sleeved between the connecting sleeve 5 and the balance pipe 2, and the outer side of the hanging sleeve 3 is connected with the inner side of the upper end of the connecting sleeve 5 through threads;
the sleeve wall of the hanging sleeve 3 is provided with a torque pin hole 31, and the wall of the balance pipe 2 is provided with a torque pin groove 22;
the torque pin 4 penetrates through the torque pin hole 31 and extends into the torque pin groove 22 so as to fix the hanging sleeve 3 and the balance pipe 2 relatively in the circumferential direction;
in a state where the balance pipe 2 moves upward in the axial direction of the center pipe 13, the torque pin 4 moves relative to the torque pin groove 22 within the range of the torque pin groove 22.
The inner diameter of the hanging sleeve 3 is matched with the outer diameter of the central tube 13, a bulge is arranged at the upper end of the hanging sleeve 3 and is clamped with the upper end of the connecting sleeve 5, the hanging sleeve 3 and the connecting sleeve 5 can be connected through threads, and the sizes of the torque pin 4, the torque pin 4 through hole and the torque pin groove 22 are matched.
The inner diameter of the lower end of the connecting sleeve 5 is matched with the outer diameter of the upper end of the central tube 13, and the connecting sleeve 5 and the central tube 13 can be connected through threads.
When the balance pipe 2 is lifted up to move the balance pipe 2 upward along the axial direction of the center pipe 13, the position of the torque pin 4 is unchanged, the torque pin groove 22 moves upward along the axial direction of the balance pipe 2 relative to the torque pin 4, and the balance pipe 2 is separated from the center pipe 13.
The torque pin 4 enables the balance pipe 2 and the hanging sleeve 3 not to generate relative motion in the circumferential direction, and controls the integral structure of the packer to be relatively fixed in the circumferential direction. When the packer is likely to be blocked in the use process, the packer can be blocked in a lifting and descending mode, and can be blocked in a rotating mode, and at the moment, under the action of the torque pin 4, the packer cannot rotate relatively, so that the stability of the structure is maintained.
The packer that this application embodiment provided, balanced pipe 2, string cover 3, adapter sleeve 5 and center tube 13 pass through corresponding threaded connection, can guarantee the center tube 13 with unblock between the balanced pipe 2 is not given up, guarantees when lifting balanced pipe 2 and carrying out deblocking that the oil jacket pressure is balanced, and the instrument is not given up and is made the packer with oil pipe breaks away from.
Optionally, a protrusion is formed on the outer wall of the balance pipe 2, the balance pipe 2 moves upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13 until the protrusion is engaged with the hanging sleeve 3, and after the pressure relief is completed, the balance pipe 2 continues to move upwards and drives the sealing part to move upwards.
When the packer is lifted up, the bulge on the outer wall of the balance pipe 2 is clamped with the hanging sleeve 3, so that the packer is driven to integrally move upwards until the packer is moved out of an oil well, and deblocking is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a packer further comprising: an upper joint 1 and a lower joint 15;
the upper joint 1 is connected with the upper end of the balance pipe 2 through screw threads;
the lower joint 15 is connected with the lower end of the central tube 13 through screw threads.
The balance pipe 2 and the upper joint 1 may be selectively screwed, and the center pipe 13 and the lower joint 15 may be selectively screwed.
In this embodiment, the sealing part further includes: a rubber upper pressing cap 11 and a rubber lower pressing cap 14;
the upper rubber cylinder pressing cap 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the rubber cylinder 12, and the upper end of the rubber cylinder 12 is fixed between the upper rubber cylinder pressing cap 11 and the central tube 13;
the rubber cylinder pressing cap 14 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the rubber cylinder 12, and the lower end of the rubber cylinder 12 is fixed between the rubber cylinder pressing cap 14 and the central tube 13.
The inner diameter of the lower end of the upper pressing cap 11 of the rubber cylinder is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber cylinder 12, the inner diameter of the upper end of the rubber cylinder 12 is matched with the outer diameter of the central tube 13, and the upper pressing cap 11 of the rubber cylinder and the central tube 13 are sealed through a sealing ring 9.
The inner diameter of the upper end of the rubber cylinder pressing cap 14 is matched with the outer diameter of the rubber cylinder 12, the inner diameter of the rubber cylinder pressing cap 14 is matched with the outer diameter of the lower joint 15, and sealing is achieved between the rubber cylinder pressing cap 14 and the lower joint 15 through a sealing ring 9.
According to the packer provided by the embodiment of the application, the locking piece 8 is arranged between the balance pipe 2 and the central pipe 13, when the locking piece 8 is in a fixed state, the balance pipe 2 and the central pipe 13 are relatively fixed, when the hydraulic pressure in an oil pipe is greater than a second threshold value, the locking piece 8 moves along the axial direction of the central pipe 13, so that the balance pipe 2 has the freedom degree along the axial direction of the central pipe 13, after construction is finished, the balance pipe 2 only needs to be lifted up, when the external force is greater than a third threshold value, the unsealing shear pin 6 can be sheared, the packer is subjected to pressure relief, and after the pressure relief is finished, the unsealing can be completed by continuously lifting up the balance pipe 2, so that the technical defect that the unsealing force is too large to cause unsealing in the use of the packer in the prior art is overcome.
Referring to fig. 8, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for using the packer, which is used for the packer and includes: steps 801 to 804.
Step 801: oil is injected into the center tube 13, and the packing element 12 expands in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the center tube 13 in a state where the hydraulic pressure is greater than a first threshold value.
Step 802: the oil is continuously injected into the central tube 13, the locking sleeve 10 moves downwards along the axial direction of the central tube 13 under the condition that the hydraulic pressure is larger than a second threshold value, the other end of the locking piece 8 is separated from the inner wall of the locking sleeve 10, the locking piece 8 is in a movable state, and the balance tube 2 has the freedom of moving along the axial direction of the central tube 13.
Step 803: when the external force is greater than the third threshold, the balance pipe 2 moves upward along the axial direction of the center pipe 13, and when the balance pipe 2 moves to the state that the locking piece through hole 132 is communicated with the inner cavity of the center pipe 13, the oil in the inner cavity of the center pipe 13 is decompressed through the locking piece through hole 132 and the safety shearing pin hole 101, so that the rubber cylinder 12 contracts along the axial direction perpendicular to the center pipe 13.
Step 804: after the decompression is completed, the balance pipe 2 continues to move upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13 and drives the sealing part to move upwards.
Specifically, in step 803, the wall of the center tube 13 is provided with a locking piece through hole 132, and the locking piece 8 penetrates the locking piece through hole 132 and extends to the wall of the balance tube 2.
Fig. 9a to 9c are schematic diagrams of a packer according to an embodiment of the present application, and with reference to fig. 1 to 8, a method for using the packer according to the embodiment of the present application will be described.
As shown in fig. 9a, the packer is in an assembled state, the locking element 8 is in a fixed state, and the center tube 13 and the balance tube 2 are relatively fixed.
As shown in fig. 9b, the packer is in a construction state, the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 15 of the packer are respectively connected with an oil pipe, the pressure in the packer is pressurized through the oil pipe of the upper joint 1, when the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe in the pipe is greater than a first threshold value, the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe enters the rubber cylinder 12 through the penetration part 134, so that the rubber cylinder 12 is inflated, and the packer is set. And when the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is larger than a second threshold value, the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe passes through the slotting part 21 and the pressure transmission hole 131, so that the locking sleeve 10 shears the safety shear pin 7, after the safety shear pin 7 shears off, the locking sleeve 10 moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe 13 under the action of the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe, the locking piece through hole 132 is aligned with the large-diameter section of the locking sleeve 10, a movable space is formed, and the locking piece 8 is in a movable state.
As shown in fig. 9c, the packer is in a pressure release state, by lifting the balance pipe 2, the locking piece ring groove 23 of the balance pipe 2 pushes the locking piece 8 to move towards the gap between the locking piece through hole 132 and the large diameter section of the locking sleeve 10, when the external force is greater than a third threshold value, the deblocking shear pin 6 shears off, so that the balance pipe 2 is separated from the center pipe 13, the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe flows out through the locking piece through hole 132 and the safety shear pin hole 101, the pressure in the inner cavity of the packer is balanced with the external pressure, and the rubber cylinder 12 contracts, thereby realizing deblocking of the packer.
According to the application method of the packer, the deblocking force can be manually controlled through the locking piece 8, the deblocking shear pin 6 and the safety shear pin 7, the situation that normal deblocking cannot be performed due to overlarge pressure in a pipe is avoided, the use safety and effectiveness of the packer are improved, and the problem that deblocking force is gradually increased in the deblocking process of the deblocking device in the prior art so that deblocking cannot be performed is solved.
The preferred embodiments and examples of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the embodiments and examples described above, and various changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A packer, comprising: a sealing part, an unsealing part and a locking part;
the sealing part comprises a central tube (13) and a rubber tube (12), the rubber tube (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube (13), and a sealing area formed by the inner wall of the rubber tube (12) and the outer wall of the central tube (13) is communicated with the inner wall of the central tube (13), so that the rubber tube (12) expands to seal an oil sleeve annulus along the axial direction perpendicular to the central tube (13) in a state that the hydraulic pressure in an oil tube is greater than a first threshold value;
the unsealing part comprises a balance pipe (2), and the lower end of the balance pipe (2) is sleeved on the inner wall of the upper end of the central pipe (13); the lower end of the balance pipe (2) is provided with a slit part (21) communicated with the inner cavity of the balance pipe, and the upper end of the central pipe (13) is provided with a pressure transmission hole (131) penetrating through the pipe wall of the central pipe;
the locking part comprises a locking sleeve (10) and a locking piece (8), and the locking sleeve (10) is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper end of the central tube (13); the slit part (21) is communicated with the pressure transmission hole (131) in a state that the central tube (13) and the balance tube (2) are relatively fixed, so that the inner cavity of the balance tube (2) is communicated with the inner wall of the locking sleeve (10), and the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube in the balance tube (2) is transmitted to the inner wall of the locking sleeve (10);
the locking piece (8) penetrates through the pipe wall of the central pipe (13), the inner side of the locking piece (8) extends into the pipe wall of the balance pipe (2), the outer side of the locking piece (8) is attached to the inner wall of the locking sleeve (10), so that the locking piece (8) is in a fixed state, and the central pipe (13) and the balance pipe (2) are relatively fixed;
in a state in which the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is greater than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve (10) moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe (13) so that the inner wall of the locking sleeve (10) is separated from the outer side of the locking piece (8), and the locking piece (8) is in a movable state, so that the balance pipe (2) has the freedom of moving along the axial direction of the central pipe (13);
the locking part also comprises a safety shear pin (7); the wall of the locking sleeve (10) is provided with a safety shear pin hole (101), and the outer side of the central tube (13) is provided with a safety shear pin groove (133); the safety shear pin (7) penetrates through the safety shear pin hole (101), and one end of the safety shear pin (7) extends into the safety shear pin groove (133) to enable the central tube (13) and the locking sleeve (10) to be relatively fixed; in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is larger than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve (10) shears the safety shear pin (7), and the locking sleeve (10) moves downwards along the axial direction of the central pipe (13);
the pipe wall of the central pipe (13) is provided with a locking piece through hole (132), and the outer side of the balance pipe (2) is provided with a locking piece annular groove (23); the locking piece (8) penetrates through the locking piece through hole (132), and one end of the locking piece (8) extends into the locking piece annular groove (23);
the deblocking part also comprises a connecting sleeve (5) and a deblocking shear pin (6); the connecting sleeve (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the balance pipe (2), and the inner side of the lower end of the connecting sleeve (5) is connected with the central pipe (13) through screw threads; the wall of the connecting sleeve (5) is provided with a deblocking shear pin hole (51), and the outer side of the balance pipe (2) is provided with a deblocking shear pin groove (24); the deblocking shear pin (6) penetrates through the deblocking shear pin hole (51) and extends to the deblocking shear pin groove (24) so as to enable the connecting sleeve (5) and the balance pipe (2) to be relatively fixed;
under the state that external force is greater than a third threshold value, the balance pipe (2) shears the deblocking shear pin (6), the balance pipe (2) moves upwards along the axial direction of the center pipe (13), and when the balance pipe (2) moves to the position that the locking piece through hole (132) is communicated with the inner cavity of the center pipe (13), oil pipe internal hydraulic pressure in the inner cavity of the center pipe (13) is decompressed through the locking piece through hole (132) and the safety shear pin hole (101), so that oil jacket pressure balance is realized, and the rubber cylinder (12) contracts and resets along the axial direction perpendicular to the center pipe (13).
2. The packer of claim 1, wherein the unset portion further comprises: a hanging sleeve (3) and a torque pin (4);
the hanging sleeve (3) is sleeved between the connecting sleeve (5) and the balance pipe (2), and the outer side of the hanging sleeve (3) is connected with the inner side of the upper end of the connecting sleeve (5) through threads;
the wall of the hanging sleeve (3) is provided with a torque pin hole (31), and the wall of the balance pipe (2) is provided with a torque pin groove (22);
the torque pin (4) penetrates through the torque pin hole (31) and extends into the torque pin groove (22) so as to enable the hanging sleeve (3) and the balance tube (2) to be relatively fixed in the circumferential direction;
in a state in which the balance pipe (2) is moved upward in the axial direction of the center pipe (13), the torque pin (4) is moved relative to the torque pin groove (22) within the range of the torque pin groove (22).
3. The packer of claim 2,
the outer wall of the balance pipe (2) is provided with a bulge, the balance pipe (2) moves upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe (13) until the bulge is clamped with the hanging sleeve (3), and after pressure relief is finished, the rubber cylinder (12) contracts and resets along the axial direction perpendicular to the central pipe, deblocking is completed, the balance pipe (2) continues to move upwards, and the sealing part is driven to move upwards so that the packer is separated from the oil pipe.
4. The packer of claim 1, further comprising: an upper joint (1) and a lower joint (15);
the upper joint (1) is connected with the upper end of the balance pipe (2) through screw threads;
the lower joint (15) is connected with the lower end of the central tube (13) through screw threads.
5. The packer of claim 4, wherein the seal further comprises: a rubber cylinder upper pressing cap (11) and a rubber cylinder lower pressing cap (14);
the upper rubber cylinder pressing cap (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the rubber cylinder (12), and the upper end of the rubber cylinder (12) is fixed between the upper rubber cylinder pressing cap (11) and the central tube (13);
the rubber cylinder pressing cap (14) is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the rubber cylinder (12), and the lower end of the rubber cylinder (12) is fixed between the rubber cylinder pressing cap (14) and the central tube (13).
6. The packer according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall of the central tube (13) is provided with a penetration portion (134), and the packing element (12) is in communication with the inner cavity of the central tube (13) via the penetration portion (134).
7. A method of using a packer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
injecting oil into the central tube (13), and expanding and sealing an oil sleeve annulus by the rubber sleeve (12) along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the central tube (13) in a state that the hydraulic pressure in an oil tube is greater than a first threshold value;
and continuously injecting oil into the central tube (13), wherein the locking sleeve (10) moves downwards along the axial direction of the central tube (13) in a state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube is greater than a second threshold value, the outer side of the locking piece (8) is separated from the inner wall of the locking sleeve (10), the locking piece (8) is in a movable state, and the balance tube (2) has the freedom degree of moving along the axial direction of the central tube (13).
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the sleeve wall of the locking sleeve (10) is provided with a safety shear pin hole (101), the outside of the central tube (13) being provided with a safety shear pin slot (133);
the safety shear pin (7) penetrates through the safety shear pin hole (101), and one end of the safety shear pin (7) extends into the safety shear pin groove (133) to enable the central tube (13) and the locking sleeve (10) to be relatively fixed;
the locking sleeve (10) moves downwards along the axial direction of the central tube (13) in the state that the hydraulic pressure in the oil tube is larger than a second threshold value, and specifically comprises:
in a state where the hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe is greater than a second threshold value, the locking sleeve (10) shears the safety shear pin (7) so that the locking sleeve (10) moves downward along the axial direction of the center pipe (13).
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the wall of the central tube (13) is provided with a locking piece through hole (132), the locking piece (8) extending through the locking piece through hole (132) and to the wall of the balancing tube (2);
the method further comprises the steps of:
when the balance pipe (2) moves to the locking piece through hole (132) to be communicated with the inner cavity of the center pipe (13) in the axial direction of the center pipe (13) under the condition that the external force is larger than a third threshold value, oil in the inner cavity of the center pipe (13) is decompressed through the locking piece through hole (132) and the safety shearing pin hole (101) so that the rubber cylinder (12) is contracted along the axial direction perpendicular to the center pipe (13);
after the pressure relief is finished, the balance pipe (2) continues to move upwards along the axial direction of the central pipe (13) and drives the sealing part to move upwards so as to separate the packer from the oil pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810213880.9A CN108412452B (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2018-03-15 | Packer and application method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810213880.9A CN108412452B (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2018-03-15 | Packer and application method thereof |
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| CN108412452A CN108412452A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108412452B true CN108412452B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112983340B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-09-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Packer for ultra-deep well |
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