CN108406084A - A kind of stirring-head, friction stir weld device and the method for processing magnalium different alloys - Google Patents
A kind of stirring-head, friction stir weld device and the method for processing magnalium different alloys Download PDFInfo
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- CN108406084A CN108406084A CN201810128749.2A CN201810128749A CN108406084A CN 108406084 A CN108406084 A CN 108406084A CN 201810128749 A CN201810128749 A CN 201810128749A CN 108406084 A CN108406084 A CN 108406084A
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- head
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stirring-head, friction stir weld device and the method for processing magnalium different alloys, including cylindrical retained part, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle, the shaft shoulder is the table top with multiple raised members, and the mixing needle is hexagonal pyramid platform shape.The length of one end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 6~6.2mm of external disc of the mixing needle, the other end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 3.2~3.5mm of external disc of the mixing needle, the mixing needle are 3.5~3.65mm, and the frustum inclination angle of the mixing needle is 44~45 °.Fairshaped raised member is arranged in the sense of rotation of the reference plane upper edge stirring-head in shaft shoulder face on the basis of the cross section of cylindrical retained part, and the raised member is multiple, and adjacent protrusion component interval is arranged.Present invention process is simple, of low cost, and welding efficiency is high, is not likely to produce defect and intermetallic compound harmful phase in welding process, weld seam comprehensive performance significantly improves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agitating friction welding technique field, it is related to a kind of stirring-head, friction stir weld device and processing magnesium
The method of aluminium different alloys.
Background technology
It is higher and higher to structure lightened requirement with the high speed development of industrial technology, although the optimization for passing through structure
Design can realize lightweight to a certain extent, but bring prodigious difficulty to design.Therefore, reasonable selection lightweight material is
A kind of relative efficiency and method easy to implement.As light metal structure material, magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy all low, ratios with density
The advantages that intensity is high, higher than rigidity, is widely used in process industry, is increasingly becoming the light-duty coloured of most application prospect
Metal material.
During practical engineering application, it is not sound feasible to make the over-all properties requirement that certain homogenous material meets needed for engineering
Border.As magnesium, aluminium alloy application range are gradually expanded, the crossing domain of the two is on the increase, magnesium/aluminum dissimilar metal is answered
The excellent performance of two kinds of metals can be given full play to by closing structure, be maximized favourable factors and minimized unfavourable ones, and have important practical value and realistic meaning.So
And due to two kinds of metal heat-conducting rates, the difference of coefficient of thermal expansion and fusing point, using fusing soldering method welding, it is also easy to produce stomata, heat
The defects of crackle, weld properties are remarkably decreased, it is difficult to obtain ideal welding point.
Agitating friction weldering is the novel solid phase joining technique of Britain's institute of welding invention in 1991.Pass through mixing needle and axis
Frictional heat between shoulder and workpiece forms plasticity near mixing needle and softens layer, and softening layer is in the high-speed rotating effect of stirring-head
Under be packed into mixing needle rear and be formed by cavity, to realize reliable connection, it has, and strength of welded joint is high, welding
The generation of the defects of the advantages that workpiece deformation is small, welding same material can effectively avoid stomata, crackle, property of welded joint are notable
It improves.But it is for deficiency existing for the welding of magnesium/aluminum dissimilar metal:Easily there is incomplete fusion in welding point, and weld seam joint is easy
Hard and crisp intermetallic compound phase is generated, Tunnel etc. easily occurs in weld seam bottom, and welding joint mechanical property is remarkably decreased.
Invention content
In order to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of stirrings
Head, the stirring-head are not likely to produce defect and intermetallic compound harmful phase in the welding process, and weld seam comprehensive performance significantly improves.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of friction stir weld device, which is not easy to produce in the welding process
Raw defect and intermetallic compound harmful phase, weld seam comprehensive performance significantly improve.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of processing magnalium different alloys, and this method is simple for process, at
This is cheap, and welding efficiency is high, is not likely to produce defect and intermetallic compound harmful phase in welding process, weld seam comprehensive performance is notable
It improves.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of stirring-head, including cylindrical retained part, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle, the shaft shoulder are with multiple raised structures
The table top of part, the mixing needle are hexagonal pyramid platform shape.
Optionally, one end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 6~6.2mm of external disc of the mixing needle, the mixing needle it is another
The length of one end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 3.2~3.5mm of external disc, the mixing needle are 3.5~3.65mm, the mixing needle
Frustum inclination angle be 44~45 °.
Optionally, shaft shoulder face on the basis of the cross section of cylindrical retained part is stirred in the reference plane upper edge
Fairshaped raised member is arranged in the sense of rotation of head, and the raised member is multiple, and adjacent protrusion mechanism interval is arranged.
Optionally, the stirring-head is also cold worked using H13 mould steel and is fabricated to stirring-head blank, and cold working makes
Method includes successively turning, milling and grinding, and stirring-head blank is thermally treated again to obtain finished product.
Optionally, the heat treatment process includes：
(1) stirring-head blank is preheated, preheating temperature is 640~670 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2.5~3h, then heats to 800
~820 DEG C, then keep the temperature 2.5~3h；
(2) the stirring-head blank after preheating is subjected to quenching treatment, quenching treatment includes that heating temperature is increased to 1000
~1030 DEG C, 3~3.5h of heat preservation comes out of the stove oil quenching, and head temperature to be mixed is taken out air-cooled from oil when being down to 60~100 DEG C；
(3) the stirring-head blank after quenching treatment is subjected to temper, temper includes being heated to 350~370
DEG C, keep the temperature 1.5h；Be to slowly warm up to 550~570 DEG C again to be tempered, then keep the temperature 1.5h again, then come out of the stove it is air-cooled up at
Product.
A kind of friction stir weld device, including stirring-head, dynamic component and process operation platform, the stirring-head are this hair
The bright stirring-head.
Optionally, the process operation platform includes pedestal, and cooling bath is arranged on pedestal, processing is arranged in cooling bath
Platform places metallic plate to be processed in machine table.
A method of processing magnalium different alloys, including use stirring-head of the present invention or friction stir weld device
Carry out the processing of magnalium different alloys.
Optionally, the rotary speed of the mixing needle be 750~1500r/min, 23.5~47.5mm/min of speed of welding,
0.1~0.15mm of drafts, mixing needle bias 0.2~0.5mm.
Optionally, 4.05~4.08mm of magnesium plate thickness to be processed, 3.95~3.97mm of aluminium plate thickness to be processed, magnesium plate are placed
In advanced side, aluminium sheet, which is placed on, retreats the thickness difference of side, magnesium plate and aluminium sheet with 0.07~0.13mm；Make magnesium plate to be processed and waits for
The temperature for processing aluminium sheet weld is no more than 437 DEG C.
Advantages of the present invention is：
A kind of stirring-head, friction stir weld device and the method for processing magnalium different alloys of the present invention, being applicable in has not
The light metal material of the physical properties differences such as same density, hardness, fusing point, thermal conductivity, linear expansion coefficient and specific heat capacity, realizes
Xenogenesis light metal agitating friction welds, and simple process and low cost is honest and clean, and welding efficiency is high, be not likely to produce in welding process defect and
Intermetallic compound harmful phase, weld seam comprehensive performance significantly improve.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is for providing further understanding of the disclosure, and a part for constitution instruction, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the friction stir weld device structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the upward view of stirring-head in Fig. 1；
Each label is expressed as in figure：
1- stirring-heads, 11- cylinders retained part, the 12- shaft shoulders, 121- raised members, 13- mixing needles, 2- backing fixture,
The first metallic plates of 3-, the second metallic plates of 4-, 5- machine tables, 6- cooling baths, 7- pedestals；
The present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be understood that this place is retouched
The specific implementation mode stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
In the disclosure, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, the noun of locality used such as " upper and lower " is typically referred to corresponding
It is defined on the basis of the drawing of attached drawing, " inside and outside " refers to the inner and outer of corresponding component profile.
In an embodiment of the present invention, stirring-head 1 includes cylindrical retained part 11, the shaft shoulder 12 and mixing needle 13, the shaft shoulder
12 be the table top with multiple raised members 121, and mixing needle 13 is hexagonal pyramid platform shape.Six ribs of mixing needle 13 are equivalent to stirring
The cutting edge of needle 13 becomes sharp when stirring-head 1 being made to rotate, and metal flow is more abundant, and crystal grain is easily broken, it is prone to tie again
It is brilliant.Meanwhile six rib mixing needle have symmetry, stirring-head 1 rotate when weld metal can be made to be evenly distributed, to weld seam appearance forming
It is more advantageous.
Mixing needle 1 can be used especially in the processing for carrying out magnalium different alloys in structure as shown in figs. 1 and 2
One end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 6~6.2mm of external disc, the external disc of other end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 3.2 of mixing needle 1~
The length of 3.5mm, mixing needle 1 are 3.5~3.65mm, and the frustum inclination angle of mixing needle 1 is 44~45 °；Above-mentioned dimensional structure is to aluminium
The raising of magnesium alloy welding performance is more advantageous.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 2, the face on the basis of the cross section of cylindrical retained part 11 of the shaft shoulder 12, in the reference plane
Fairshaped raised member 121 is set along the sense of rotation of stirring-head 1, raised member 121 is multiple, and adjacent protrusion component
121 intervals are arranged.For example, raised member 121 be fan leaf sheet raised member 121, the raised member of fan blade shape with
Reference plane is respectively on two different faces of height, and when the shaft shoulder 12 is with 1 rotation of stirring-head, entire blade outer rim forms weldering
The glide path of plastic metal is stitched, the flowing of metal is conducive to.
Best, stirring-head 1 is also cold worked using H13 mould steel and is fabricated to stirring-head blank, and production method is cold worked
Include successively turning, milling and grinding, stirring-head blank is thermally treated again to obtain finished product.There are two prominent for H13 mould steel tool
Feature：First, good high-temperature behavior and higher thermal fatigue resistance；Second is that containing more Cr and Mo elements in tissue, at heat
Stable Dispersed precipitate phase can be generated when reason, its service life is made to greatly prolong.
Best, heat treatment process includes：
(1) stirring-head blank is preheated, preheating temperature is 640~670 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2.5~3h, then heats to 800
~820 DEG C, then keep the temperature 2.5~3h；
(2) the stirring-head blank after preheating is subjected to quenching treatment, quenching treatment includes that heating temperature is increased to 1000
~1030 DEG C, 3~3.5h of heat preservation comes out of the stove oil quenching, and head temperature to be mixed is taken out air-cooled from oil when being down to 60~100 DEG C；
(3) the stirring-head blank after quenching treatment is subjected to temper, temper includes being heated to 350~370
DEG C, keep the temperature 1.5h；Be to slowly warm up to 550~570 DEG C again to be tempered, then keep the temperature 1.5h again, then come out of the stove it is air-cooled up at
Product.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a kind of friction stir weld device, including stirring-head 1, dynamic component and process operation
Platform, stirring-head 1 are the stirring-head of the present invention.For example, process operation platform includes pedestal 7, cooling bath 6 is set on pedestal 7, it is cooling
Machine table 5 is set in slot 6, metallic plate to be processed is placed in machine table 5.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a method of processing magnalium different alloys, including stirring-head using the present invention
Or friction stir weld device carries out the processing of magnalium different alloys.Optionally, the rotary speed of mixing needle is 750~1500r/
Min, 23.5~47.5mm/min of speed of welding, 0.1~0.15mm of drafts, mixing needle bias 0.2~0.5mm.
For example, magnesium plate thickness to be processed 4.05~4.08mm, 3.95~3.97mm of aluminium plate thickness to be processed, magnesium plate are placed on
Advanced side, aluminium sheet, which is placed on, retreats the thickness difference of side, magnesium plate and aluminium sheet with 0.07~0.13mm.Optional process is such as
Under：
(1) stirring-head 1：Diameter phi (18 ± 0.05) mm of cylindrical retained part 11 facilitates standard cartridge handle of a knife to press from both sides
It holds, 1 clamping precision of stirring-head is high；Long 45~50mm, to ensure that stirring-head 1 is securely clamped in handle of a knife, and makes stirring-head 1 connect rigidity
It is good, antidetonation；12 diameter of the shaft shoulder (14 ± 0.05) mm, 12 diameter of the shaft shoulder and plate thickness ratio to be processed (D/T) produce stirring-head performance
Raw large effect, D/T values can obtain bearing capacity preferably stirring-head when being 3.4~3.6；13 root hexagonal pyramid platform of mixing needle
6~6.2mm of external disc diameter, frustum 3.2~3.5mm of external disc diameter at the top of needle, 13 length 3.5 of mixing needle~
3.65mm, 44~45 ° of frustum inclination angle.
(2) welding preparation：By 3 magnesium plate of the first metallic plate of different-thickness and 4 aluminium sheet of the second metallic plate using mechanical processing
Method is processed into the test piece for welding with certain size requirement, and test plate (panel) is placed on setting according to the position of advanced side and retrogressing side
Have in the machine table 5 of cooling bath 6, test plate (panel) is clamped using backing fixture 2.
Magnesium/aluminium sheet of different-thickness is placed according to advanced side (right side) and the position for retreating side (left side).Magnesium plate thickness
4.05mm~4.08mm, aluminium plate thickness 3.95mm~3.97mm, magnesium plate are placed on advanced side, and aluminium sheet, which is placed on, retreats side.Magnesium plate
There is the thickness difference of 0.07mm~0.13mm with aluminium sheet.
Magnesium/aluminium sheet machining process shears magnesium/aluminium sheet first with plate shearing machine, and dimensions is：150mm × 61mm, then
Magnesium/aluminium sheet width side length direction is processed using the processing method of milling, processing final size is 150mm × 60 ± 0.2mm,
By the magnesium processed/aluminium sheet both sides machined surface docking.
Cooling bath 6 is used to be filled with water and liquid nitrogen, adds enough water before welding in cooling bath 6, is moved after 1 original position rotation of head to be mixed
When, liquid nitrogen is added into cooling bath 6, and keep 6 temperature of cooling bath between 50 DEG C~70 DEG C.Make magnesium plate to be processed and to be processed
The temperature of aluminium sheet weld is no more than near 437 DEG C, as 437~450 DEG C or less, this temperature at 437~450 DEG C is avoided to issue
Raw magnesium/aluminium eutectic reaction generates Al12Mg17And Al3Mg2Compound or scarce less than this silicon carbide generation tunnel etc. between hard brittle metal
It falls into.
Backing fixture 2 has clamping conveniently, the big advantage of clamping force to be purchased clamping test plate (panel) device in the market.
(3) welding condition selects：13 750~1500r/min of rotary speed of mixing needle of use, speed of welding
23.5~47.5mm/min, 0.1~0.15mm of drafts, mixing needle 13 bias 0.2~0.5mm.
1 rotary speed of stirring-head and speed of welding influence welding temperature, and the ratio of the two is generated on unit length weld seam
Heat, 1 rotating speed of stirring-head and weldering speed ratio are 12~25.0.1~0.15mm of drafts, 4 drafts of mixing needle is too small to be caused
Magnesium/aluminium interface friction intensity is weak, it is more difficult to complete good solid phase binding；Drafts is excessive, it may occur that the magnesium alloy of Plastic Flow
It is extruded the shaft shoulder, material circulation mobility is deteriorated, and influences appearance of weld.The biasing of mixing needle 4, due to magnesium alloy strength and hardness
Less than aluminium alloy, mixing needle 13 biases softer magnesium alloy side, and when welding, magnesium alloy flow stream forms more.
(4) it welds：By welding parameter is set described in step (3), start welding machine, by 1 end mixing needle of stirring-head
13 quickly penetrate magnesium/aluminium sheet, and drafts is adjusted while penetrating magnesium/aluminium sheet, after drafts is adjusted, keep the shaft shoulder 12 is in situ to stop
3~5s of rotation is stayed, 1 moving handle of stirring-head is then pulled, so that stirring-head 1 is advanced with the speed of welding of setting and welds, it is to be welded
At the end of, extract mixing needle 13.
Mixing needle 13 quickly penetrates magnesium/aluminium sheet, and it is 1mm/s to penetrate speed, since heated magnesium alloy is relatively glutinous, mixing needle
13 when penetrating slower, and magnesium alloy temperature can be made quickly to increase, cause to overheat, magnesium alloy is caused to stick in mixing needle 13 and the shaft shoulder 12
On, and moved together with mixing needle 13 so that weld metal is largely consumed, to make 13 stirring action power of mixing needle substantially under
Drop, causes the magnesium alloy of bulk to pull up, and welding is forced to stop.
The shaft shoulder 12 is in situ to stop 3~5s of rotation, to ensure that the frictional heat of the stirring shaft shoulder 12 and aluminium sheet is enough to keep plate positive
Reach mecystasis with reverse side, it is therefore an objective to：Plastic deformation smoothness around stirring-head 1, temperature field reach a stable journey
Degree makes the soldering in situ before stirring-head 1 is walked of magnesium/aluminium.
After welding, backing fixture 2 is unclamped immediately, so that welding plate is cooled down in a free state, to prevent postwelding weld metal zone
Larger tensile stress generates, and welding performance is caused to decline.
The present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment one:
Applicable 6061 aluminium alloy of light metal of the present embodiment and the welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy dissimilar metal agitating frictions.
The AZ31 magnesium alloy plates of thickness 4.08mm are placed on workbench advanced side (right side) by the method according to the invention,
6061 aluminium alloy plates of 3.95mm, which are placed on, retreats side (left side), and gapless group is to rear, using backing clamp.Welding procedure
Parameter：Rotary speed 900r/min, speed of welding 47.5mm/min, shaft shoulder diameter 14mm, drafts 0.1mm, mixing needle biasing
Magnesium side 0.2mm, before welding bosh temperature be room temperature, mixing needle penetrates after welding plate stop 5s in situ after welded, sink
Temperature is maintained at 70 DEG C.
Postwelding is examined：Face of weld, internal equal zero defect；X-ray diffraction analysis result：Have no that intermetallic compound is given birth to
At；Tensile Test Results：Tensile strength reaches the 79.1% of 6061 aluminium alloys, elongation percentage 4.8%, and fracture position is located at nugget
Area magnesium alloy side.
Comparative example one：
The AZ31 magnesium alloy plates of thickness 4.08mm are placed on workbench advanced side (right side), 6061 aluminium alloys of 3.95mm
Plate, which is placed on, retreats side (left side), and gapless group is to rear, using backing clamp.Welding condition：Rotary speed 900r/
Min, speed of welding 47.5mm/min, shaft shoulder diameter 14mm, drafts 0.1mm, mixing needle penetrates after welding plate stop 5s in situ after
It is welded, unlike embodiment one：Stirring-head welds at room temperature without biasing, no pressure cooling, stirring-head when welding
Adhesion is serious, and formability is poor, X-ray diffraction analysis result：There are a large amount of intermetallic compounds to generate, tensile strength reaches 6061 aluminium
The 49.3% of alloy, elongation percentage 1.6%, welding performance declines to a great extent, and fracture position is located at nugget area magnesium alloy side.
Embodiment two:
Applicable strong 7056 aluminium alloy of superelevation of the present embodiment and the welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy dissimilar metal agitating frictions.
The AZ31 magnesium alloy plates of thickness 4.05mm are placed on workbench advanced side (right side) by the method according to the invention,
7056 aluminium alloy plates of 3.97mm, which are placed on, retreats side (left side), and gapless group is to rear, using backing clamp.Welding procedure
Parameter：Rotary speed 800r/min, speed of welding 37.5mm/min, shaft shoulder diameter 14mm, drafts 0.15mm, mixing needle biasing
Magnesium side 0.4mm, before welding bosh temperature be room temperature, mixing needle penetrates after welding plate stop 4s in situ after welded, sink
Temperature is maintained at 60 DEG C.
Postwelding is examined：Face of weld, internal equal zero defect；X-ray diffraction analysis result：Have no that intermetallic compound is given birth to
At；Tensile Test Results：Tensile strength reaches the 81.2% of 7056 aluminium alloys, elongation percentage 4.9%, and fracture position is located at nugget
Area magnesium alloy side.
Comparative example two：
The AZ31 magnesium alloy plates of thickness 4mm are placed on workbench advanced side (right side), 7056 aluminium alloy plates of 4mm are placed
Side (left side) is being retreated, gapless group is to rear, using backing clamp.Welding condition：Rotary speed 800r/min, weldering
Connect speed 37.5mm/min, the shaft shoulder diameter 14mm, drafts 0.15mm, mixing needle biasing magnesium side 0.4mm, bosh before welding
Temperature is room temperature, mixing needle penetrates after welding plate stop 4s in situ after welded, sink temperature is maintained at 60 DEG C, with embodiment two
Unlike：Two block welding test plate (panel) consistency of thickness.
Postwelding is examined：Appearance of weld is poor, and aluminum alloy side overlap is serious, hole defect occurs inside weld seam；X-ray
Diffraction analysis results：Have no that intermetallic compound generates；Tensile Test Results：Tensile strength reaches 7056 aluminium alloys
65.4%, elongation percentage 2.8%, welding performance declines obviously, and fracture position is located at nugget area magnesium alloy side.
Embodiment three:
Applicable 5052 aluminium alloy of light metal of the present embodiment and the welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy dissimilar metal agitating frictions.
The AZ31 magnesium alloy plates of thickness 4.08mm are placed on workbench advanced side (right side) by the method according to the invention,
5052 aluminium alloy plates of 3.97mm, which are placed on, retreats side (left side), and gapless group is to rear, using backing clamp.Welding procedure
Parameter：Rotary speed 1180r/min, speed of welding 47.5mm/min, shaft shoulder diameter 14mm, drafts 0.15mm, mixing needle are inclined
Set magnesium side 0.5mm, before welding bosh temperature be room temperature, mixing needle penetrates after welding plate stop 3s in situ after welded, water
Bath temperature degree is maintained at 50 DEG C.
Postwelding is examined：Face of weld, internal equal zero defect；X-ray diffraction analysis result：Have no that intermetallic compound is given birth to
At；Tensile Test Results：Tensile strength reaches the 78.5% of 5052 aluminium alloys, elongation percentage 5.1%, and fracture position is located at nugget
Area magnesium alloy side.
Comparative example three：
The AZ31 magnesium alloy plates of thickness 4.08mm are placed on workbench advanced side (right side), 5052 aluminium alloys of 3.97mm
Plate, which is placed on, retreats side (left side), and gapless group is to rear, using backing clamp.Welding condition：Rotary speed
1180r/min, speed of welding 47.5mm/min, the shaft shoulder diameter 14mm, drafts 0.15mm, bosh temperature is room before welding
Temperature, mixing needle penetrates after welding plate stop 3s in situ after welded, sink temperature is maintained at 50 DEG C, different from embodiment three
It is：Mixing needle is without biasing, and face of weld ditch dug with a plow occurs, can not form effective connection when welding, and mixing needle adhesion is serious.
Above-described embodiment can be seen that carries out light metal material agitating friction welding using the method for the present invention, can effectively drop
Low weld defect eliminates the generation of intermetallic compound in seam organization, and welding comprehensive performance significantly improves, meanwhile, between metal
The elimination of compound is conducive to reduce the abrasion of stirring-head, substantially prolongs its service life.
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail above in association with attached drawing, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure
Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection domain of the disclosure.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, arbitrary combination can also be carried out between a variety of different embodiments of the disclosure, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
Disclosed thought equally should be considered as disclosure disclosure of that.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stirring-head, including cylindrical retained part (11), the shaft shoulder (12) and mixing needle (13), which is characterized in that described
The shaft shoulder (12) be the table top with multiple raised members, the mixing needle (13) be hexagonal pyramid platform shape.
2. stirring-head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that one end hexagonal pyramid platform circumscribed circle of the mixing needle (13)
A diameter of 6~the 6.2mm in face, the external disc of other end hexagonal pyramid platform a diameter of 3.2~3.5mm of the mixing needle (13), it is described
The length of mixing needle (13) is 3.5~3.65mm, and the frustum inclination angle of the mixing needle (13) is 44~45 °.
3. stirring-head according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shaft shoulder (12) is with the cross of cylindrical retained part
Fairshaped raised member (121) is arranged in the sense of rotation of the reference plane upper edge stirring-head in face on the basis of section, and described is convex
It is multiple to play component (121), and adjacent protrusion component (121) interval is arranged.
4. stirring-head according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that the stirring-head (1) uses H13 mould steel
It is also cold worked and is fabricated to stirring-head blank, cold working production method includes turning, milling and grinding, stirring-head blank successively
It is thermally treated again to obtain finished product.
5. stirring-head according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the heat treatment process includes：
(1) stirring-head blank is preheated, preheating temperature is 640~670 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2.5~3h, then heats to 800~820
DEG C, then keep the temperature 2.5~3h；
(2) the stirring-head blank after preheating is subjected to quenching treatment, quenching treatment include heating temperature be increased to 1000~
1030 DEG C, 3~3.5h of heat preservation comes out of the stove oil quenching, and head temperature to be mixed is taken out air-cooled from oil when being down to 60~100 DEG C；
(3) the stirring-head blank after quenching treatment is subjected to temper, temper includes being heated to 350~370 DEG C, is protected
Warm 1.5h；It is to slowly warm up to 550~570 DEG C again to be tempered, then keeps the temperature 1.5h again, air-cooled get product of then coming out of the stove.
6. a kind of friction stir weld device, including stirring-head (1), dynamic component and process operation platform, which is characterized in that described
Stirring-head (1) is the stirring-head (1) described in claim 1-5 any claims.
7. friction stir weld device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the process operation platform includes pedestal
(7), cooling bath (6) is set on pedestal (7), machine table (5) is set in cooling bath (6), machine table places gold to be processed on (5)
Belong to plate.
8. a kind of method of processing magnalium different alloys, which is characterized in that including using claim 1-5 any claims institute
Friction stir weld device described in the stirring-head or claim 6-7 any claims stated carries out adding for magnalium different alloys
Work.
9. the method for processing magnalium different alloys according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the rotation speed of the mixing needle
Degree be 750~1500r/min, 23.5~47.5mm/min of speed of welding, 0.1~0.15mm of drafts, mixing needle biasing 0.2~
0.5mm。
10. the method for processing magnalium different alloys according to claim 8, which is characterized in that magnesium plate thickness to be processed
4.05~4.08mm, 3.95~3.97mm of aluminium plate thickness to be processed, magnesium plate are placed on advanced side, and aluminium sheet, which is placed on, retreats side, magnesium
Plate and aluminium sheet have the thickness difference of 0.07~0.13mm；Magnesium plate to be processed and the temperature of aluminium sheet weld to be processed is set to be no more than
437℃。
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