CN108404881A - A kind of starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of a variety of distribution of charges in surface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of a variety of distribution of charges in surface and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108404881A CN108404881A CN201810534699.8A CN201810534699A CN108404881A CN 108404881 A CN108404881 A CN 108404881A CN 201810534699 A CN201810534699 A CN 201810534699A CN 108404881 A CN108404881 A CN 108404881A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing materials of a variety of distribution of charges in a kind of surface and preparation method thereof, belong to the preparing technical field of adsorbent.This approach includes the following steps：（1）Configure starch milk solution；（2）The cationization of starch molecule；（3）Configure anion, non-ionic solution；（4）The anionic of starch molecule introduces non-ionic group；（5）The preparation of starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material.Native starch is modified by amination, Phosphation, cross-linked network equimolecular, introduces cation, anion, non-ionic group, surface is distributed a variety of charges, has special molecular structure three-dimensional effect.And conventional adsorbent montmorillonite is introduced, increase specific surface area, increases adsorption capacity.Dual characterization of adsorption with zwitterion starch and montmorillonite, and composite adsorbing material adsorbed after it is more easily separated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparing technical fields of natural high molecular composite material, and in particular to a kind of a variety of charges in surface point
Starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of cloth and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Starch has cheap and easy to get, degradability and can be easier to as the recyclability resource for being only second to cellulose
The features such as ground is transformed into useful derivative using biochemical method.Opening for starch resource is all attached great importance in countries in the world for a long time
Research on utilization is sent out, is always grinding for scientific worker especially by new natural macromolecule adsorbent is prepared to starch conversion
Study carefully hot spot.It is current domestic more to cation, the research of amphoteric ion starch, and to combining cation, anion and nonionic
Poly modified starch the rare report of research.And that there is also dosages is big for poly modified starch adsorption material, sinking speed is slow, storage
The shortcomings of too long active group is easy to run off is deposited, these disadvantages are overcome, and makes it while there is absorption heavy metal, settling suspension
Grain, decoloration also need to be combined starch adsorbing material with conventional adsorbent except multiple functions such as algaes, and the two is made to have complementary advantages, hair
Respective advantage is waved, to reach better application effect.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of starch base of a variety of distribution of charges in the surface with specific molecular structure illiteracies
De- soil composite adsorbing material and preparation method thereof.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of preparation method of the starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of a variety of distribution of charges in surface, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
（1）Configure starch milk solution：Starch is added to the water, is stirred evenly, starch milk solution is obtained；
（2）The cationization of starch molecule：To step（1）Sodium hydroxide and the chloro- 2- hydroxypropyls of 3- are added in gained starch milk solution
Base trimethyl ammonia chloride ammonium salt solution is stirred to react, then is centrifuged, is filtered, washed, is dried, and cationic starch is obtained；
（3）Configure anion non-ionic solution：By sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10·H2) and urea (CO (NH O2)2) it is dissolved in water
In, obtain anion non-ionic solution；
（4）The preparation of zwitterion Modified Starch：By step（2）Cationic starch be added step（3）Anion it is non-from
In sub- solution, reaction is dried after stirring evenly, obtains zwitterion Modified Starch；
（5）The preparation of starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material：By step（4）Zwitterion Modified Starch it is soluble in water, then
Montmorillonite and epoxychloropropane is added, water-bath obtains starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material until stirring difficulty.
Preferably, step（1）The mass concentration of the starch milk solution is 20%-30%.
Preferably, step（2）The dosage of the NaOH is the 2% of starch quality.
Preferably, step（2）The dosage relation of middle 3- chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chlorides and starch be 0.1~
0.6mL/g。
Preferably, step（2）In on starch introduce cationic processes be under 120-150V electric field actions to be added hydrogen
The 3- chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride solution of mass concentration 69% is added in the starch milk solution of sodium oxide molybdena.It is described
It is that starch solution is placed in JY-SPFT types that 3- chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride solution is added under 120V-150v electric field actions
In Horizontal electrophoresis tank, adjusting voltage be 120v, be slowly added into 3- chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride solution, make cation with
Starch molecule comes into full contact with.
Preferably, step（2）The temperature being stirred to react is 40-60 DEG C, time 4-7h.
Preferably, step（2）The washing is to replace washing precipitate three times with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water.
Preferably, step（3）In, sodium tripolyphosphate is first added into water, fully adds urea after dissolving；The trimerization
The quality of sodium phosphate is the 3%~10% of starch quality；The quality of the urea is the 2%~6% of starch quality.
Preferably, step（3）In, adjust anion non-ionic solution PH to 6~7.
Preferably, step（4）In, the mass concentration of adjusting starch after anion non-ionic solution is added in cationic starch
For 25%-35%.The mass concentration concrete operations for adjusting starch are according to step（2）So-called powder quality, addition go from
Sub- water makes a concentration of 25%-35% of starch quality.
Preferably, step（4）The temperature of the drying is 60 DEG C.
Preferably, step（4）The temperature of the reaction is 100 DEG C -140 DEG C, and the time is 1~4h.
Preferably, step（5）In, the montmorillonite of starch quality 20%-30% is added, and the ring of starch quality 1%-2% is added
Oxygen chloropropane, further preferred montmorillonite quality are the 20%-30% of starch quality
Preferably, step（5）The PH of reaction solution is first adjusted to 10 before the water-bath.
Preferably, step（5）The temperature of the water-bath is 60 DEG C -80 DEG C.
The substance that the above adjusts PH is 0.1mol/L NaOH solutions.
The above centrifugation is using L-550 desk centrifuges, and centrifugal condition is that 5000r/min centrifuges 5min;
Drying described above is using 101-1 constant temperature ovens, and 60 DEG C to be dried to moisture evaporation complete；
The above grinding is to be crushed to 100-150 sieves using QSB-100 multifunctional crushers.
A kind of starch base montmorillonite Composite absorption of a variety of distribution of charges in surface made from above-described preparation method
Material.
The principle of the present invention is as follows：
Native starch molecular modification principle：Cation group in poly modified starch contributes in removing system that starch is hindered to inhale
Attached cationic substance, and the miscellaneous cation of high activity present in electric exclusion those systems, to make anion base in starch
Group will not be neutralised too early；The anionic group contained can be with the absorption mutual adsorption precipitation of object ion；Non-ionic group
Play the role of synergy.The common coordinative role of reactive group on this modified starch makes its adsorption capacity have more obvious
Effect.
Cationization：Cationic starch is 3- chloro- 2- hydroxypropyls-trimethyl seasons made from the reaction of kation alkyl ether
After ammonium salt handles starch, the nitrogen content of the product obtained is high, and degree of substitution is higher, and flocculability is good.So the present invention uses 3-
Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride prepares the higher cationic etherification starch of degree of substitution as etherifying agent.
Anionic：Starch phosphate is that the hydroxyl of starch molecule and phosphate play product obtained by esterification, is cloudy
Ion modification starch.Phosphoric acid is ternary acid, can be with C in starch molecule glucose unit2、C3、C6On hydroxyl occur esterification
Generate starch phosphate one, two and three esters.
It is non-ionic：Urea is added during reaction as catalyst, improves reaction efficiency.Urea can also be with starch
Starch carbamate is generated, generates crosslinked action, hence it is evident that improve the viscosity of gelatinized corn starch.
Modified starch is compound with montmorillonite intercalation：Montmorillonite basic structural unit is to be clipped in two panels by a piece of alumina octahedral
By sharing oxygen atom and the layer structure that is formed between oxygen-octahedron, piece interlayer shows weak electrical, carries zwitterion
Starch can be inserted into lamella between.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and advantageous effect：
（1）The cationic starch of the present invention can be generated by the way that esterification occurs with phosphoric acid salt with yin, yang group
Amphoteric starch, compared with ative starch, it has higher clarity and paste viscosity, stronger gumminess, stability and flocculability.It is cloudy
The combination of ion and cationic starch can greatly improve the flocculating property of ative starch.In addition, non-ionic group urea can be with
Starch generates starch carbamate, while greatly promoting the synthesis of starch phosphate, improves degree of substitution.In addition, poly modified
Starch can also make processing waste water system charge in a basic balance, ensure that the absorption of object ion, do not influence in solution
Zeta potential, application conditions relax.
（2）The zwitterion Modified Starch and montmorillonite intercalation of the present invention is compound, in conjunction with conventional adsorbent and modified starch
The advantages of two-fold advantage of adsorbent has complementary advantages, and has particle big, and sedimentation is fast, quickening flocculation rate, while there is decoloration,
Adsorb heavy metal, the multi-functionals such as settling suspension particle.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of ative starch.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the cationic starch of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the molecular modification starch of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the adsorption effect figure of the starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the adsorption effect figure of the starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the adsorption effect figure of the starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of embodiment 3.
Specific implementation mode
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the present invention claims
The range of protection is not limited to the range of embodiment expression.
Embodiment 1：
The first step weighs 200g corn dried starch in reactor, and 800g deionized waters are added, stirs evenly, is configured to quality hundred
It is 20% starch milk solution to divide specific concentration.
In the present embodiment ative starch amplify 2000 times scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph as shown in Figure 1, unmodified ative starch surface compared with
To be smooth, more disperse between particle.
4gNaOH solids are added into starch milk solution for second step, and magnetic agitation is uniformly mixed, is placed in electrophoresis tank, adjusts
Section voltage is 120v, and the chloro- 2- Hydroxyproyl Trimethyls chlorinations of 3- that 20ml mass concentrations are 69% are slowly added under electric field action
Ammonium salt solution is placed in 50 DEG C of water-baths and reacts 4 hours, and the solution after reaction is centrifuged, supernatant is filtered to remove, uses absolute ethyl alcohol
Three times with deionized water alternating washing precipitate, then by drying precipitate, it is ground to powder, weighs and records powder quality.
Gained cationic starch amplifies 1000 times of scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph as shown in Fig. 2, visible part forms sediment in the present embodiment
Occur groove on powder particles, increases the specific surface area of particle.
Third step weighs 20g sodium tripolyphosphates (Na5P3O10·H2O it) is dissolved in 50ml deionized waters, fully to it after dissolving
Middle addition 8g urea (CO (NH2)2), it is uniformly mixed, PH to 6-7 is adjusted with 0.1mol/LNaOH solution.
Third step gained midbody solution is added to dried starch obtained by second step in 4th step, and 400ml is added in magnetic agitation
It is 30% that deionized water, which adjusts starch milk concentration of polymer solution, and dry cake is placed at 140 DEG C after 60 DEG C of drying and reacts 2.5h.It spends
Alternately washing is three times, dry for ionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, pulverizes to get molecular modification starch.
Gained molecular modification starch amplifies 500 times of scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph as shown in figure 3, by polynary modification in the present embodiment
Afterwards, due to non-ionic crosslinked action so that closely connected between particle and particle, form the polymerization of a molecular weight bigger
Object, and the groove showed increased of particle surface.By the change of particle shape, the success of three kinds of ionic groups of side light is drawn
Enter, in addition, due to the micropore showed increased between particle surface, particle and particle, is more advantageous in heavy metal ion and starch
Portion's group combines, and forms polymer precipitation.
Zwitterion Modified Starch obtained by 4th step is dissolved in 500ml deionized waters by the 5th step, and it is de- that 60g illiteracies are added
Soil, 2ml epoxychloropropane adjust PH to 10,70 DEG C of water-bath 1h with 0.1mol/LNaOH solution, dry to get starch base
Montmorillonite Composite sorbing material.
Compound adsorbent adsorption effect is as shown in Figure 4 obtained by the present embodiment.
Embodiment 2
The first step weighs 200g corn dried starch in reactor, and 470g deionized waters are added, stirs evenly, is configured to quality hundred
It is 30% starch milk solution to divide specific concentration.
4gNaOH solids are added into starch milk solution for second step, and magnetic agitation is uniformly mixed, is placed in electrophoresis tank, adjusts
Section voltage is 135v, and the chloro- 2- Hydroxyproyl Trimethyls chlorinations of 3- that 120ml mass concentrations are 69% are slowly added under electric field action
Ammonium salt solution reacts 7 hours in 40 DEG C of water-baths, and the solution after reaction is centrifuged, supernatant is filtered to remove, with absolute ethyl alcohol and
Deionized water replaces washing precipitate three times, then by drying precipitate, is ground to powder, weighs and record powder quality.
Third step weighs 6g sodium tripolyphosphates (Na5P3O10·H2O it) is dissolved in 50ml deionized waters, fully dissolving is backward
12g urea (CO (NH are wherein added2)2), it is uniformly mixed, PH to 6-7 is adjusted with 0.1mol/LNaOH solution.
Third step gained midbody solution is added to dried starch obtained by second step in 4th step, and 400ml is added in magnetic agitation
It is 35% that deionized water, which adjusts starch milk concentration of polymer solution, and dry cake is placed at 120 DEG C after 60 DEG C of drying and reacts 1h.Spend from
Alternately washing is three times, dry for sub- water and absolute ethyl alcohol, pulverizes to get molecular modification starch.
Zwitterion Modified Starch obtained by 4th step is dissolved in 500ml deionized waters by the 5th step, and it is de- that 40g illiteracies are added
Soil, 3ml epoxychloropropane adjust PH to 10,80 DEG C of water-bath 0.5h with 0.1mol/LNaOH solution, dry to get starch
Base montmorillonite composite adsorbing material.
Adsorbent adsorption effect is as shown in Figure 5 obtained by the present embodiment.
Embodiment 3
The first step weighs 200g corn dried starch in reactor, and 600g deionized waters are added, stirs evenly, is configured to quality hundred
It is 25% starch milk solution to divide specific concentration.
4gNaOH solids are added into starch milk solution for second step, and magnetic agitation is uniformly mixed, is placed in electrophoresis tank, adjusts
Section voltage is 150v, and it is that 69%3- chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chlorides are molten that 70ml mass concentrations are slowly added under electric field action
Liquid reacts 5.5 hours in 60 DEG C of water-baths, and the solution after reaction is centrifuged, supernatant is filtered to remove, and with absolute ethyl alcohol and goes
Ionized water replaces washing precipitate three times, then by drying precipitate, is ground to powder, weighs and record powder quality.
Third step weighs 13g sodium tripolyphosphates (Na5P3O10·H2O it) is dissolved in 50ml deionized waters, fully dissolves
4g urea (CO (NH are added thereto afterwards2)2), it is uniformly mixed, PH to 6-7 is adjusted with 0.1mol/LNaOH solution.
Third step gained midbody solution is added to dried starch obtained by second step in 4th step, and 400ml is added in magnetic agitation
It is 25% that deionized water, which adjusts starch milk concentration of polymer solution, sets dry cake after 60 DEG C of drying and reacts 4h at 100 DEG C.Use deionization
Alternately washing is three times, dry for water and absolute ethyl alcohol, pulverizes to get molecular modification starch.
Zwitterion Modified Starch obtained by 4th step is dissolved in 500ml deionized waters by the 5th step, and it is de- that 50g illiteracies are added
Soil, 4ml epoxychloropropane adjust PH to 10,70 DEG C of water-bath 1.5h with 0.1mol/LNaOH solution, dry to get starch
Base montmorillonite composite adsorbing material.
Adsorbent adsorption effect is as shown in Figure 6 obtained by the present embodiment.
Performance test：
Composite adsorbing material prepared by embodiment 1-3 is tested for the property, composite adsorbing material is applied to industrial wastewater
In, the front and back heavy metal ions in wastewater removal rate of test absorption, test result such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Fig. 6.Fig. 4 is embodiment 1
The adsorption effect figure of gained composite adsorbing material, Fig. 5 are the adsorption effect figure of 2 gained composite adsorbing material of embodiment, and Fig. 6 is real
Apply the adsorption effect figure of 3 gained composite adsorbing material of example.It is seen that three kinds of embodiments are equal to the removal rate of heavy metal
Reach 96% or more.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention made by changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material of a variety of distribution of charges in surface, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
（1）Configure starch milk solution：Starch is added to the water, is stirred evenly, starch milk solution is obtained；
（2）The cationization of starch molecule：To step（1）Sodium hydroxide and the chloro- 2- hydroxypropyls of 3- are added in gained starch milk solution
Base trimethyl ammonia chloride ammonium salt solution is stirred to react, then is centrifuged, is filtered, washed, is dried, and cationic starch is obtained；
（3）Configure anion non-ionic solution：Sodium tripolyphosphate and urea is soluble in water, obtain anion non-ionic solution；
（4）The preparation of zwitterion Modified Starch：By step（2）Cationic starch be added step（3）Anion it is non-from
In sub- solution, reaction is dried after stirring evenly, obtains zwitterion Modified Starch；
（5）The preparation of starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material：By step（4）Zwitterion Modified Starch it is soluble in water, then
Montmorillonite and epoxychloropropane is added, water-bath obtains starch base montmorillonite Composite sorbing material until stirring difficulty.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The middle chloro- 2- Hydroxyproyl Trimethyls chlorinations of 3-
The dosage relation of ammonium salt solution and starch is 0.1~0.6mL/g.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）In cationic processes are introduced on starch
For the chloro- 2- Hydroxyproyl Trimethyls chlorinations of 3- are added into the starch milk solution of addition sodium hydroxide under 120-150V electric field actions
Ammonium salt solution.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The temperature being stirred to react is 40-60
DEG C, time 4-7h.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（3）In, tripolyphosphate is first added into water
Sodium fully adds urea after dissolving；The quality of the sodium tripolyphosphate is the 3%~10% of starch quality；The matter of the urea
Amount is the 2%~6% of starch quality.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, anion is added in cationic starch
The mass concentration that cationic starch is adjusted after non-ionic solution is 25%-35%.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）The temperature of the reaction is 100 DEG C -140
DEG C, the time is 1~4h.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, it is added starch quality 20%-30%'s
Montmorillonite, and the epoxychloropropane of starch quality 1%-2% is added.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（5）The temperature of the water-bath be 60 DEG C-
80℃。
10. a kind of starch base illiteracy of a variety of distribution of charges in surface made from claim 1-9 any one of them preparation methods
De- soil composite adsorbing material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111057159A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-collapse modified starch for drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN111592069A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 广西夏阳环保科技有限公司 | Modified diatomite-nano calcium hydroxide composite sewage treatment agent |
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| WO2006079221A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-03 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Polysaccharide-inorganic composite particles as performance additives for superabsorbent polymers |
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| WO2006079221A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-03 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Polysaccharide-inorganic composite particles as performance additives for superabsorbent polymers |
| CN105175591A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-23 | 武汉工程大学 | Preparation method of organic montmorillonite-modified polyvinyl formal sponge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111057159A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-collapse modified starch for drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN111057159B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2022-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-collapse modified starch for drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN111592069A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 广西夏阳环保科技有限公司 | Modified diatomite-nano calcium hydroxide composite sewage treatment agent |
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Application publication date: 20180817 |