CN108400439B - W-shaped terminal dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna - Google Patents
W-shaped terminal dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna Download PDFInfo
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- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 16
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/206—Microstrip transmission line antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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Abstract
The invention discloses a W-shaped terminal dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna which consists of a medium substrate, a W-shaped feed source terminal printed on the front surface of the medium substrate, a coplanar waveguide feeder, a rectangular wide slot floor, an upper branch, a left branch, a right branch, a microstrip line, an external coaxial connector (5) and a coaxial connector (6) which are printed on the back surface of the medium substrate. The W-shaped feed source terminal can enable the antenna to generate double-frequency-band characteristics through ingenious L-shaped and V-shaped configurations, the back of the medium substrate can realize the double-frequency-band characteristics through the combination of all branches, the port isolation of the antenna can be improved, and two orthogonal modes can be generated through the combination of two feeding modes of the coplanar waveguide and the microstrip line, so that dual polarization is realized. The antenna is of a planar structure, the size of the antenna is only 30 multiplied by 30mm, the size is small, the section is low, the dual polarization characteristic is realized in two working frequency bands, the isolation degree between two ports is good, the cross polarization is small, and the antenna is suitable for a small dual-band dual-polarization wireless communication system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication antennas, in particular to a W-shaped terminal dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna which is suitable for WiMAX 3.5GHz (3.3-3.7 GHz) and WLAN 5GHz (5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz) frequency band small multi-band dual-polarized wireless communication systems.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, an antenna in a wireless terminal is required to be capable of operating in a plurality of frequency bands at the same time, thereby making a multiband antenna a hot spot of current research. Conventional multiband antennas are aimed at miniaturization of antennas and coverage of more operating frequency bands, and are developed toward multifunction under the driving of new demands. The dual polarized antenna technology is an effective means of improving the channel capacity of a wireless communication system, and therefore, the dual polarized antenna has a wider application range than a linear polarized antenna. The multi-band antenna can cover a plurality of working frequency bands by one antenna, and the functions of the plurality of antennas are realized, thereby achieving the goal of miniaturization and integration. Therefore, achieving multi-band antenna polarization diversity based on conventional linearly polarized multi-band antennas is a very important research direction. The multiband antenna not only can solve the problem of mutual interference of a plurality of antennas, but also can save space and increase the system integration level, the main implementation method of the multiband antenna at present is to add an additional resonance structure, and add a new resonance path of the antenna by introducing branches, so that the multiband antenna can realize the multiband characteristics, such as structures with different shapes, such as I shape, T shape, G shape, L shape and the like, and can realize the multiband function; the improved antenna structure can introduce the higher resonant mode of the antenna and change the fundamental mode of the antenna to generate a new resonant frequency band; the multi-band characteristic can be realized by adopting a multi-layer patch structure, and the multi-band characteristic is generally realized by exciting an active patch and adding additional patch coupling on the lower layer or the upper layer of the active patch. Research shows that the dual polarization function can be realized by a slot antenna, a patch antenna, a dipole antenna, a loop antenna and the like. Non-patent document 1 discloses a slot loading multiband patch antenna, wherein a radiation patch at the upper part of a dielectric substrate is a circular patch with arc-shaped slots, a middle dielectric is foam, the lower surface of the foam is a metal bottom plate structure, a circular capacitor feed patch is arranged between two layers of dielectric, and the antenna works at GPS1.575GHz and WiFi2.45GHz, but has larger design size. Non-patent document 2 discloses a dual-frequency dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which consists of a dielectric substrate and a rectangular dielectric resonator, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with the dielectric resonator at the upper part and a feed network at the lower part, and the antenna realizes dual polarization in two frequency bands of PCS (1.83-1.99 GHz) and WiMAX (2.58-2.63 GHz) through dual-port feed, and the antenna has higher port isolation degree, but the antenna adopts the dielectric resonator to cause larger volume and is unfavorable for the integration of the antenna. Non-patent document 3 discloses a differential-driven dual-broadband electromagnetic dipole antenna with an orthogonal feed structure, which consists of a double-layer U-shaped electric dipole, a short-circuit wall, a double-orthogonal double-layer feed structure and a horn reflector, wherein the low-frequency band of the antenna has an operating bandwidth of 0.78-1.01 GHz, the high-frequency band has an operating bandwidth of 1.69-2.69 GHz, and the port isolation of more than 30dB can be obtained in the whole operating frequency band, but the size of the antenna is 206 multiplied by 166 multiplied by 88mm 3, the volume of the antenna is still larger, the structure is complex, and the antenna cannot be applied to an integrated circuit. Therefore, the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna with compact structure, low section and high port isolation is designed and has good application prospect.
List of citations
Non-patent document 1: chen Jianling, multiband multipole microstrip patch antenna research, doctor's article, beijing university of transportation, 2016:39-46.
Non-patent document 2: shuai Xiang, design and study of a multi-polarized antenna, doctor's university of electronics, 2017:81-84.
Non-patent document 3: ma Botao, multi-frequency broadband antenna research in wireless communication systems, doctor's academic paper, beijing university of post, 2015:81-97.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna of a W-shaped terminal, which has the characteristics of dual polarization in two working frequency bands, small size, low section, compact structure and high port isolation, is convenient to integrate in a radio frequency circuit, and meets the requirements of the working frequency bands of 3.5GHzWiMAX and 5 GHzWLAN.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a W shape terminal dual band dual polarization planar slot antenna, by dielectric substrate (1), print W shape feed terminal (2) on dielectric substrate (1) openly, coplanar waveguide feeder (3), rectangle wide gap floor (4), print on upper branch (8) of dielectric substrate (1) back, left branch (9), right branch (10), microstrip line (11) and external coaxial joint (5), coaxial joint (6) constitute, its characterized in that:
a. The W-shaped feed source terminal (2) is a W-shaped metal patch, the W-shaped metal patch is formed by combining two L-shaped branches symmetrically intersecting with the central axis of the antenna, the W-shaped metal patch is connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder (3) through a V-shaped branch, the vertex of the V-shaped branch is positioned on the central axis of the antenna and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central axis of the antenna and is intersected with the two L-shaped branches, the turning angles of the V-shaped branch and the L-shaped branch are 90 degrees, and the W-shaped feed source terminal (2) can enable the antenna to generate double-frequency band characteristics through the ingenious L-shaped and V-shaped configurations;
b. The coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is a rectangular conduction band with characteristic impedance of 50 omega, the upper end of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is connected with the vertex of the V-shaped branch in the W-shaped feed source terminal (2), and the lower end of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is externally connected with the coaxial connector (5);
c. The rectangular wide gap floor (4) consists of a rectangular floor and connecting conduction bands, the rectangular floor is positioned at the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1) and symmetrical to two sides of the coplanar waveguide feeder (4), and the rectangular floor is connected with the connecting conduction bands at the two sides and the top end of the dielectric substrate (1) to form a closed rectangular wide gap (7), so that the antenna structure is more compact, the design size of the antenna is reduced, an N-shaped groove is formed at the lower edge of the connecting conduction band at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor (4), and the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna in a low frequency band is improved through the N-shaped groove;
d. The coaxial connector (6) is positioned on the central shaft at the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1), and the coaxial connector (6) is respectively connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder (4) and the two lower edges of the L-shaped floor (5);
e. The back of the medium substrate (1) is printed with an upper branch (8), a left branch (9), a right branch (10) and a microstrip line (11), the upper branch (8) is positioned at the top end of the microstrip line (11), the direction of the upper branch is towards the right side, the left branch (9) is positioned at the left side of the microstrip line (11), the right branch (10) is positioned at the right side of the microstrip line (11), the upper branch (8), the left branch (9) and the right branch (10) are fed through the microstrip line (11), the microstrip line (11) is positioned at the left side of the medium substrate (1), the lower end of the microstrip line (11) is connected with the coaxial connector (6), and the combination of the branches realizes the dual-band characteristic, so that the port isolation of the antenna can be improved;
f. The front antenna of the dielectric substrate is fed by a coplanar waveguide, the back antenna is fed by a microstrip line, and the two feeding modes can be combined to generate two orthogonal modes, so that dual polarization is realized.
The W-shaped feed source terminal (2) is a W-shaped metal patch, the short side length L 7 of the L-shaped branch is 5.1 mm-5.8 mm, the long side length L 9 is 8 mm-12 mm, the width W 4 is 1 mm-1.6 mm, the distance L 2 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate (1) is 6 mm-8 mm, the distance W 3 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the central axis of the antenna is 4 mm-6 mm, the length L 8 of the V-shaped branch is 5.5 mm-7.5 mm, the width is consistent with that of the L-shaped branch, the turning point of the V-shaped branch is positioned on the central axis of the antenna, and the distance L 1 between the turning point of the V-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate (1) is 9 mm-10.5 mm.
The length L 3 of the rectangular conduction band with characteristic impedance of 50 omega in the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is 9-11 mm, and the width W 2 is 2.6-3.2 mm.
The rectangular wide gap floor (4) consists of a rectangular floor and connecting guide belts, wherein the width W 1 of the rectangular floor is 12-14 mm, the length L 4 is 6.1-6.7 mm, the width W 5 of the connecting guide belts at two sides of the rectangular wide gap floor (4) is 2.8-3.2 mm, the length L 6 is 15.3-16.2 mm, the width W 7 of the N-shaped groove of the connecting guide belt at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor (4) is 25-27 mm, and the length L 10 of two ends of the N-shaped groove is 3.5-3.9 mm.
The back of the medium substrate (1) is printed with an upper branch (8), a left branch (9), a right branch (10) and a microstrip line (11), the width W 10 of each branch and the microstrip line (11) is 1.2-1.6 mm, the distance W 8 of the microstrip line (11) from the right side of the medium substrate (1) is 23-25 mm, the length W 12 of the upper branch (8) is 7-9 mm, the distance L 14+L15+W10 of the upper branch (8) from the lower end of the medium substrate (1) is 11-14 mm, the length W 11 of the left branch (9) is 4-5 mm, the distance L 14 of the left branch (9) from the lower end of the medium substrate (1) is 6-9 mm, the length W 9 of the right branch (10) is 14-16 mm, and the distance L 13 of the right branch (10) from the lower end of the medium substrate (1) is 2.5-4.5 mm.
The invention has the following effects: the invention designs a W-shaped terminal dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna with novel structure, the W-shaped feed source terminal can enable the antenna to generate dual-band characteristics through ingenious L-shaped and V-shaped configurations, the back of a dielectric substrate can realize the dual-band characteristics through the combination of branches, the port isolation of the antenna can be improved, the front antenna of the dielectric substrate is fed through a coplanar waveguide, the back antenna is fed through a microstrip line, two orthogonal modes can be generated through the combination of the two feeding modes, dual polarization is realized, and an N-shaped groove is formed at the lower edge of a connection conduction band at the upper end of a rectangular wide slot floor to improve the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna in a low frequency band. The rectangular wide gap floor is connected through the connecting conduction band at the top end of the medium substrate to form a closed rectangular wide gap, so that the antenna structure is more compact, and the design size of the antenna is reduced. The antenna is of a planar structure, the size of the antenna is only 30 multiplied by 30mm, the size is small, the section is low, the dual polarization characteristic is realized in two working frequency bands, the isolation between the two ports is good, the common working frequency band of the two ports of the antenna is 3.15 GHz-3.78 GHz at low frequency, the isolation between the ports of the low frequency band is greater than 25dB, the frequency band of 3.5GHzWiMAX is covered, the isolation between the ports of the high frequency band is 5.12 GHz-5.94 GHz, the isolation between the ports of the high frequency band is greater than 23dB, the frequency band of 5GHzWLAN is covered, the radiation characteristic and the gain characteristic of the antenna at each frequency band are good, and the cross polarization is small, so that the antenna is suitable for a small dual-band dual-polarization wireless communication system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the back structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the surface current distribution of an embodiment of the invention when fed through a coaxial connector (5) at low frequencies of 3.5 GHz.
Fig. 4 shows the surface current distribution of an embodiment of the invention when fed through a coaxial connector (6) at low frequencies of 3.5 GHz.
Fig. 5 shows the surface current distribution of an embodiment of the invention when fed through a coaxial connector (5) at a low frequency of 5.5 GHz.
Fig. 6 shows the surface current distribution of an embodiment of the invention when fed through a coaxial connector (6) at a low frequency of 5.5 GHz.
FIG. 7 is a simulated reflectance S-curve for an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the measured reflectance S-curve according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 9 is an E-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 3.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (5) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an H-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 3.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (5) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is an E-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 5.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (5) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an H-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 5.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (5) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is an E-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 3.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (6) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is an H-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 3.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (6) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is an E-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 5.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (6) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is an H-plane radiation pattern at a frequency of 5.5GHz when fed through a coaxial connector (6) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a graph of peak gain at different frequency points in two operating frequency bands for an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiments of the invention are: as shown in fig. 1, a dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna with a W-shaped terminal is composed of a dielectric substrate (1), a W-shaped feed source terminal (2) printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate (1), a coplanar waveguide feeder (3), a rectangular wide slot floor (4), an upper branch (8) printed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate (1), a left branch (9), a right branch (10), a microstrip line (11), an external coaxial connector (5) and a coaxial connector (6), and is characterized in that: the W-shaped feed source terminal (2) is a W-shaped metal patch, the W-shaped metal patch is formed by combining two L-shaped branches symmetrically intersecting with the central axis of the antenna, the W-shaped metal patch is connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder (3) through a V-shaped branch, the vertex of the V-shaped branch is positioned on the central axis of the antenna and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central axis of the antenna and is intersected with the two L-shaped branches, the turning angles of the V-shaped branch and the L-shaped branch are 90 degrees, and the W-shaped feed source terminal (2) can enable the antenna to generate double-frequency band characteristics through the ingenious L-shaped and V-shaped configurations; the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is a rectangular conduction band with characteristic impedance of 50 omega, the upper end of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is connected with the vertex of the V-shaped branch in the W-shaped feed source terminal (2), and the lower end of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is externally connected with the coaxial connector (5); the rectangular wide gap floor (4) consists of a rectangular floor and connecting conduction bands, the rectangular floor is positioned at the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1) and symmetrical to two sides of the coplanar waveguide feeder (4), and the rectangular floor is connected with the connecting conduction bands at the two sides and the top end of the dielectric substrate (1) to form a closed rectangular wide gap (7), so that the antenna structure is more compact, the design size of the antenna is reduced, an N-shaped groove is formed at the lower edge of the connecting conduction band at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor (4), and the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna in a low frequency band is improved through the N-shaped groove; the coaxial connector (6) is positioned on the central shaft at the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1), and the coaxial connector (6) is respectively connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder (4) and the two lower edges of the L-shaped floor (5); the back of the medium substrate (1) is printed with an upper branch (8), a left branch (9), a right branch (10) and a microstrip line (11), the upper branch (8) is positioned at the top end of the microstrip line (11), the direction of the upper branch is towards the right side, the left branch (9) is positioned at the left side of the microstrip line (11), the right branch (10) is positioned at the right side of the microstrip line (11), the upper branch (8), the left branch (9) and the right branch (10) are fed through the microstrip line (11), the microstrip line (11) is positioned at the left side of the medium substrate (1), the lower end of the microstrip line (11) is connected with the coaxial connector (6), and the combination of the branches realizes the dual-band characteristic, so that the port isolation of the antenna can be improved; the front antenna of the dielectric substrate is fed through the coplanar waveguide, the back antenna is fed through the microstrip line, and the combination of the two feeding modes can generate two orthogonal modes, so that dual polarization is realized.
The W-shaped feed source terminal (2) is a W-shaped metal patch, the short side length L 7 of the L-shaped branch is 5.1 mm-5.8 mm, the long side length L 9 is 8 mm-12 mm, the width W 4 is 1 mm-1.6 mm, the distance L 2 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate (1) is 6 mm-8 mm, the distance W 3 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the central axis of the antenna is 4 mm-6 mm, the length L 8 of the V-shaped branch is 5.5 mm-7.5 mm, the width is consistent with that of the L-shaped branch, the turning point of the V-shaped branch is positioned on the central axis of the antenna, and the distance L 1 between the turning point of the V-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate (1) is 9 mm-10.5 mm.
The length L 3 of the rectangular conduction band with characteristic impedance of 50 omega in the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is 9-11 mm, and the width W 2 is 2.6-3.2 mm.
The rectangular wide gap floor (4) consists of a rectangular floor and connecting guide belts, wherein the width W 1 of the rectangular floor is 12-14 mm, the length L 4 is 6.1-6.7 mm, the width W 5 of the connecting guide belts at two sides of the rectangular wide gap floor (4) is 2.8-3.2 mm, the length L 6 is 15.3-16.2 mm, the width W 7 of the N-shaped groove of the connecting guide belt at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor (4) is 25-27 mm, and the length L 10 of two ends of the N-shaped groove is 3.5-3.9 mm.
The back of the medium substrate (1) is printed with an upper branch (8), a left branch (9), a right branch (10) and a microstrip line (11), the width W 10 of each branch and the microstrip line (11) is 1.2-1.6 mm, the distance W 8 of the microstrip line (11) from the right side of the medium substrate (1) is 23-25 mm, the length W 12 of the upper branch (8) is 7-9 mm, the distance L 14+L15+W10 of the upper branch (8) from the lower end of the medium substrate (1) is 11-14 mm, the length W 11 of the left branch (9) is 4-5 mm, the distance L 14 of the left branch (9) from the lower end of the medium substrate (1) is 6-9 mm, the length W 9 of the right branch (10) is 14-16 mm, and the distance L 13 of the right branch (10) from the lower end of the medium substrate (1) is 2.5-4.5 mm.
Examples: the specific manufacturing process is as described in the embodiment mode. An FR4 epoxy resin dielectric substrate is selected, the dielectric constant epsilon r =4.6, the loss tangent is 0.02, the thickness h=1.6 mm, the thickness of a metal layer is 0.04mm, and a standard SMA connector is adopted for the coaxial connector. The length l=30 mm and the width w=30 mm of the dielectric substrate. The method comprises the steps of printing a W-shaped feed source terminal, a coplanar waveguide feeder line and a rectangular wide gap floor on the front surface of a medium substrate, wherein the W-shaped feed source terminal is a W-shaped metal patch, the W-shaped metal patch is formed by combining two L-shaped branches symmetrically with the central axis of the antenna in a crossing manner, the W-shaped metal patch is connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder line through a V-shaped branch, the antenna can generate double-frequency band characteristics through an ingenious L-shaped and V-shaped configuration, the length L 7 of the short side of the L-shaped branch is 5.4mm, the length L 9 of the long side is 10mm, the width W 4 is 1.2mm, the distance L 2 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate is 7mm, the distance W 3 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the central axis of the antenna is 5mm, the length L 8 of the V-shaped branch is 6.5mm, the width of the turning point of the V-shaped branch is consistent with the L-shaped branch, and the turning point of the V-shaped branch is located on the central axis of the antenna, and the distance L 1 is 9.8mm from the lower edge of the medium substrate. The rectangular conduction band length L 3 with characteristic impedance of 50Ω in the coplanar waveguide feeder is 10mm, and the width W 2 is 2.8mm. The rectangular wide gap floor consists of a rectangular floor and connecting guide belts, wherein the width W 1 of the rectangular floor is 13mm, the length L 4 of the rectangular floor is 6.5mm, the width W 5 of the connecting guide belts on two sides of the rectangular wide gap floor is 3mm, the length L 6 of the rectangular wide gap floor is 15.7mm, the width W 7 of the N-shaped groove of the connecting guide belt at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor is 26mm, and the lengths L 10 of two ends of the N-shaped groove are 3.7mm. An N-shaped groove is formed on the lower edge of a connecting conduction band at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor, so that the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna in a low frequency band is improved. The method is characterized in that branches, left branches, right branches and microstrip lines are printed on the back of a medium substrate, double-frequency band characteristics are achieved through combination of the branches, the width W 10 of each branch and the microstrip line is 1.4mm, the distance W 8 between the microstrip line and the right side of the medium substrate is 23.6mm, the length W 12 of the upper branch is 8mm, the distance L 14+L15+W10 between the upper branch and the lower end of the medium substrate is 13mm, the length W 11 of the left branch is 4.5mm, the distance L 14 between the left branch and the lower end of the medium substrate is 7mm, the length W 9 of the right branch is 15mm, and the distance L 13 between the right branch and the lower end of the medium substrate is 3.5mm. The front antenna of the dielectric substrate is fed by a coplanar waveguide, and the back antenna is fed by a microstrip line, and the two feeding modes can generate two orthogonal modes so as to realize dual polarization. The rectangular wide slot floor is coplanar with the coplanar waveguide, and when fed through the coaxial connector (5), the vertical polarization mode of the antenna can be excited inside the coplanar waveguide, and when fed through the coaxial connector (6), the horizontal polarization mode of the antenna can be excited inside the coplanar waveguide.
At low frequency 3.5GHz, the current distribution on the surface of the antenna when fed through the coaxial connector (5) is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from the figure that current flows from the coplanar waveguide to the periphery of the rectangular wide gap floor, the current directions on the extension conduction bands at the two sides of the rectangular wide gap floor are the same, and the current directions on the extension conduction bands at the rectangular floor and the upper end are opposite, so that the vertical polarization mode of the antenna can be excited inside the coplanar waveguide. When the coaxial connector (6) is used for feeding, the current distribution on the surface of the antenna is shown in fig. 4, and as can be seen from the figure, the current is transmitted from the microstrip line to the coplanar waveguide and then from the coplanar waveguide to the periphery of the rectangular wide gap floor, the directions of the currents on the extending guide strips on the two sides of the rectangular wide gap floor are opposite, and the directions of the currents on the rectangular floor and the upper extending guide strip are basically the same, so that the horizontal polarization mode of the antenna can be excited inside the coplanar waveguide. At low frequencies, surface currents are collected near the N-shaped slot connecting the lower edge of the conduction band at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor, indicating that the N-shaped slot contributes to improving the low frequency impedance matching characteristics.
At high frequency 5.5GHz, the current distribution on the surface of the antenna when fed through the coaxial connector (5) is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen from the figure that the current flows from the coplanar waveguide to the periphery of the rectangular wide gap floor and then flows from the periphery of the rectangular wide gap floor into the rectangular wide gap, and the direction of the electric field in the rectangular wide gap is basically vertical, so that the vertical polarization mode of the antenna can be excited inside the coplanar waveguide. The current distribution on the surface of the antenna when fed through the coaxial connector (6) is shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen from the figure that the current is transmitted from the microstrip line to the coplanar waveguide, from the coplanar waveguide to the periphery of the rectangular wide slot floor, and from the periphery of the rectangular wide slot floor to the inside of the rectangular wide slot, the direction of the electric field in the rectangular wide slot is basically horizontal, so that the horizontal polarization mode of the antenna can be excited inside the coplanar waveguide.
The reflection coefficient of the antenna is tested by using a vector network analyzer, the simulation result of the change of the reflection coefficient S 11 along with the frequency is shown in fig. 7, the test result is shown in fig. 8, when the simulated antenna is fed through the coaxial connector (5), the impedance bandwidth of the reflection coefficient S 11 smaller than-10 dB is 2.98 GHz-4.52 GHz in the low frequency band, 5.11 GHz-6.02 GHz in the high frequency band, and when the antenna is fed through the coaxial connector (6), the impedance bandwidth of the reflection coefficient S 22 smaller than-10 dB is 3.18 GHz-3.72 GHz in the low frequency band and 4.92 GHz-5.89 GHz in the high frequency band. When the tested antenna is fed through the coaxial connector (5), the impedance bandwidth with the reflection coefficient S 11 smaller than-10 dB is 2.92 GHz-4.58 GHz in the low frequency band, 5.12 GHz-6.15 GHz in the high frequency band, and when the antenna is fed through the coaxial connector (6), the impedance bandwidth with the reflection coefficient S 22 smaller than-10 dB is 3.15 GHz-3.78 GHz in the low frequency band, and 4.98 GHz-5.94 GHz in the high frequency band. The actual measurement result and the simulation result basically keep consistent, and the reason for the small error between the actual measurement result and the simulation result is that a certain loss is introduced in the manual welding feeding part, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric plate has an error, and the test environment has a certain influence on the measurement result. The common working frequency band of the two ports of the tested antenna is 3.15 GHz-3.78 GHz at low frequency, the isolation of the ports of the low frequency band is greater than 25dB, the frequency band of 3.5GHzWiMAX (3.3 GHz-3.7 GHz) is covered, the isolation of the ports of the high frequency band is greater than 23dB at high frequency of 5.12 GHz-5.94 GHz, and the frequency band of 5GHzWLAN (5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz) is covered.
The antenna is tested by feeding E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns at two frequency points of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz through a coaxial connector (5) and a coaxial connector (6), and the radiation characteristics of the antenna are tested, and the actually measured radiation patterns are shown in figures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16. As can be seen from the figure, when fed through the coaxial connector (5), the vertical polarization is the main polarization, the horizontal polarization is the cross polarization, when fed through the coaxial connector (6), the vertical polarization is the cross polarization, the horizontal polarization is the main polarization, the antenna radiation pattern is approximately "8" shaped in the E-plane, and the antenna radiation pattern is approximately omnidirectional in the H-plane. Therefore, the antenna is omnidirectional in two frequency bands, has stable radiation characteristics, wide antenna lobe and small cross polarization, shows dual-band dual-polarization characteristics, has better omnidirectionality, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of WiMAX and WLAN frequency band small dual-band wireless communication systems.
The test antenna has peak gain curves at different frequency points in two working frequency bands, as shown in fig. 17, several sampling points are selected in the frequency band range, and the test result shows that when the feed ports are different, the surface current densities of the antenna are also different, so that the peak gain variation ranges of the antennas in each frequency band are also different. When the coaxial connector (5) is used for feeding, the variation range of the peak gain of the antenna is 3.16 dBi-4.22 dBi in the frequency band range of 2.92 GHz-4.58 GHz, the variation range of the peak gain of the antenna is 4.78 dBi-5.42 dBi in the frequency band range of 5.12 GHz-6.15 GHz, the variation range of the peak gain of the antenna is 2.93 dBi-3.50 dBi in the frequency band range of 3.15 GHz-3.78 GHz when the coaxial connector (6) is used for feeding, the variation range of the peak gain of the antenna is 4.55 dBi-5.12 dBi in the frequency band range of 4.98 GHz-5.94 GHz, the variation range of the peak gain of the antenna is relatively stable, and the antenna has good electric performance and good gain performance in the working frequency band.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a W shape terminal dual band dual polarization planar slot antenna, by dielectric substrate (1), print W shape feed terminal (2) on dielectric substrate (1) openly, coplanar waveguide feeder (3), rectangle wide gap floor (4), print on upper branch (8) of dielectric substrate (1) back, left branch (9), right branch (10), microstrip line (11) and external first coaxial joint (5), second coaxial joint (6) constitute its characterized in that:
a. The W-shaped feed source terminal (2) is a W-shaped metal patch, the W-shaped metal patch is formed by combining two L-shaped branches symmetrically intersecting with the central axis of the antenna, the W-shaped metal patch is connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder (3) through a V-shaped branch, the vertex of the V-shaped branch is positioned on the central axis of the antenna and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central axis of the antenna and is intersected with the two L-shaped branches, the turning angles of the V-shaped branch and the L-shaped branch are 90 degrees, and the W-shaped feed source terminal (2) can enable the antenna to generate double-frequency band characteristics through the ingenious L-shaped and V-shaped configurations;
b. The coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is a rectangular conduction band with characteristic impedance of 50Ω, the upper end of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is connected with the vertex of the V-shaped branch in the W-shaped feed source terminal (2), and the lower end of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3) is externally connected with the first coaxial connector (5);
c. The rectangular wide gap floor (4) consists of a rectangular floor and connecting conduction bands, the rectangular floor is positioned at the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1) and symmetrical to two sides of the coplanar waveguide feeder line (3), and the rectangular floor is connected with the connecting conduction bands at the two sides and the top end of the dielectric substrate (1) to form a closed rectangular wide gap (7), so that the antenna structure is more compact, the design size of the antenna is reduced, an N-shaped groove is formed at the lower edge of the connecting conduction band at the upper end of the rectangular wide gap floor (4), and the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna in a low frequency band is improved through the N-shaped groove;
d. the first coaxial connector (5) is positioned on the central shaft at the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1), and the first coaxial connector (5) is respectively connected with the coplanar waveguide feeder (3) and two lower edges of the rectangular wide gap floor (4);
e. The back of the medium substrate (1) is printed with an upper branch (8), a left branch (9), a right branch (10) and a microstrip line (11), the upper branch (8) is positioned at the top end of the microstrip line (11), the direction of the upper branch is towards the right side, the left branch (9) is positioned at the left side of the microstrip line (11), the right branch (10) is positioned at the right side of the microstrip line (11), the upper branch (8), the left branch (9) and the right branch (10) are fed through the microstrip line (11), the microstrip line (11) is positioned at the left side of the medium substrate (1), the lower end of the microstrip line (11) is connected with the second coaxial connector (6), and the combination of the branches realizes double-frequency band characteristics, so that the port isolation of the antenna can be improved;
f. the front antenna of the dielectric substrate is fed through the coplanar waveguide, the back antenna of the dielectric substrate is fed through the microstrip line, and the two feeding modes are combined to generate two orthogonal modes, so that dual polarization is realized;
The W-shaped feed source terminal (2) is a W-shaped metal patch, the short side length L 7 of the L-shaped branch is 5.1 mm-5.8 mm, the long side length L 9 is 8 mm-12 mm, the width W 4 is 1 mm-1.6 mm, the distance L 2 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate (1) is 6 mm-8 mm, the distance W 3 between the turning point of the L-shaped branch and the central axis of the antenna is 4 mm-6 mm, the length L 8 of the V-shaped branch is 5.5 mm-7.5 mm, the width is consistent with that of the L-shaped branch, the turning point of the V-shaped branch is positioned on the central axis of the antenna, and the distance L 1 between the turning point of the V-shaped branch and the lower edge of the medium substrate (1) is 9 mm-10.5 mm.
2. The planar dual-band dual-polarized slot antenna for a W-shaped terminal according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular conduction band with characteristic impedance of 50Ω in the coplanar waveguide feeder (3) has a length L 3 of 9 mm-11 mm and a width W 2 of 2.6 mm-3.2 mm.
3. The dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna for the W-shaped terminal of claim 1, wherein the rectangular wide slot floor (4) consists of a rectangular floor and connecting conduction bands, the width W 1 of the rectangular floor is 12 mm-14 mm, the length L 4 is 6.1 mm-6.7 mm, the width W 5 of the connecting conduction bands at two sides of the rectangular wide slot floor (4) is 2.8 mm-3.2 mm, the length L 6 is 15.3 mm-16.2 mm, the width W 7 of the N-shaped groove of the connecting conduction band at the upper end of the rectangular wide slot floor (4) is 25 mm-27 mm, and the lengths L 10 at two ends of the N-shaped groove are 3.5 mm-3.9 mm.
4. The dual-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna of the W-shaped terminal according to claim 1, wherein the back of the dielectric substrate (1) is printed with an upper branch (8), a left branch (9), a right branch (10) and a microstrip line (11), the width W 10 of each branch and the microstrip line (11) is 1.2 mm-1.6 mm, the distance W 8 of the microstrip line (11) from the right side of the dielectric substrate (1) is 23 mm-25 mm, the length W 12 of the upper branch (8) is 7 mm-9 mm, the distance L 14+L15+W10 of the upper branch (8) from the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1) is 11 mm-14 mm, L 15 represents the distance of the upper branch (8) from the left branch (9), the length W 11 of the left branch (9) is 4 mm-5 mm, the distance L 14 of the left branch (9) from the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1) is 6 mm-9 mm, the length W 9 of the right branch (10) is 14 mm-16 mm, and the distance L62.4 mm from the lower end of the dielectric substrate (1) is 2.62 mm.
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| WO2020217971A1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Antenna module, and communication device equipped with same |
| CN110311217B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-03-22 | 华东师范大学 | High-gain slot shaped log periodic array antenna fed by coplanar waveguide |
| CN110581356A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-17 | 天津大学 | Novel coplanar waveguide dual-frequency antenna |
| CN110943290B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Underground communication coplanar waveguide feed broadband microstrip antenna |
| CN115064868B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-04-16 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Dual-polarized cross dipole transparent antenna |
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