CN108398185A - A kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration method - Google Patents
A kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108398185A CN108398185A CN201810231814.4A CN201810231814A CN108398185A CN 108398185 A CN108398185 A CN 108398185A CN 201810231814 A CN201810231814 A CN 201810231814A CN 108398185 A CN108398185 A CN 108398185A
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- Prior art keywords
- vibrating sensor
- sensor
- coil
- calibration
- alignment coil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration methods.Currently, due to being limited by inconvenience vibrating sensor or cannot dismantle etc., the calibration of vibrating sensor must shut down, have a power failure, it is necessary to disassemble sensor the whole series and be sent to test in laboratory, it is necessary to rely on standard vibration machine；Not only to equipment requirement height, but also person works' amount is big；Power failure must be especially shut down, is away from each other with status monitoring maintenance trend.The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：The vibrating sensor is equipped with signal coil, forms the measuring circuit for measuring vibrating sensor displacement and characterisitic parameter；Increase alignment coil on vibrating sensor, by transmission function analogy equation, determines the relationship between signal coil and alignment coil, pass through electric calibration and realize field calibration or calibrated in situ.The present invention realizes field calibration or calibrated in situ when vibrating sensor works, and realizes that vibration data is calibrated in real time during uninterrupted generation and transmission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Vibrating Sensor Calibration field, specifically a kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration method.
Background technology
Currently, the domestic vibrating sensor largely used, is distributed in the row such as earthquake, railway, bridge, electric power, machinery, petrochemical industry
Industry.In the power system, vibrating sensor is also widely used in the unit monitoring of power generation link, the tower line of transmission of electricity link monitors,
The transformer monitoring etc. of power transformation link.They play the role of the safe and stable operation of electric system vital.
But there is following drawback in these vibrating sensors mostly：
1) operation detection and maintenance must shut down, have a power failure
Vibrating sensor often be mounted on vibration position shell on or enclosure interior, some be directly installed on high pressure shaft tower or
On high-voltage line, it is detected and is safeguarded, can only then sensor disassembled and be sent by compressor emergency shutdown or line outage
Inspection.
2) sensor the whole series must be disassembled and is sent to test in laboratory
Vibrating sensor is much furnished with mating suitable tune instrument, extension cable etc., because of the not substitutability of accessory kit,
Investigate the stability of sensor, it is necessary to which the whole series disassemble inspection.But in practical application, sensor is mounted on monitoring position,
Suitable that instrument is adjusted to be mounted on control computer room, extension cable is then mounted on connection monitoring position to the long range being bent between control computer room
In pipeline, therefore, disassembly and installation is all very troublesome.
3) detection must rely on standard vibration machine
By the method for existing calibration vibrating sensor, it is necessary to provide it with a pattern field signal, then measure output
Value, the two are divided by obtain the signal sensitivity of sensor.This pattern field signal can only be provided by standard vibration machine, and standard
Shake table often only has only a few technical body just to have, such as metering institutes at different levels, each internal system research institute, standard device
Resource is excessively concentrated, and for the sensor of substantial amounts, calibration amount is too big, it is difficult to ensure timeliness.
Above 3 points of requirements are indispensable, and not only to equipment requirement height, but also person works' amount is big, and caused society
It influences and economic loss is huge.Power failure must be especially shut down, just overhauls trend phase with status monitoring currently more and more prevailing
Deviate from.
Status monitoring overhauls, and is mostly based on the collection, transmission and processing links of data, but but to the generation link of data
Pay attention to inadequate.
Vibrating sensor is the key node that equipment operation condition data generate, if it can not achieve continuously uninterruptedly
, effective data generate, the big time is all futile again under follow-up link.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of in vibration biography
The automatic calibrating method that field calibration or calibrated in situ are realized when sense device working, to realize that vibration data is generated and passed uninterrupted
It is calibrated in real time in defeated process.
For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration method, the vibration pass
Sensor is equipped with signal coil, forms the measuring circuit for measuring vibrating sensor displacement and characterisitic parameter；
Increase alignment coil on vibrating sensor, by transmission function analogy equation, determines signal coil and lubber-line
Relationship between circle realizes field calibration or calibrated in situ by electric calibration.
As the supplement of above-mentioned technical proposal,
Analogy equation be：G2i2=-ms2Y,
It is solved using the equation：And
The Frequency Response W and sensitivity K of vibrating sensor are sought with thisV。
Wherein, G2For mechanoelectric conversion's coefficient of alignment coil, i2For the output current of alignment coil, m is that vibrating sensor can
The quality of moving winding, y are the absolute displacement of vibrating sensor entirety, and s is that the entire spring-mass damping system movement of sensor is micro-
Divide the constant in non trivial solution x, e1For the output voltage of signal coil, W is vibrating sensor Frequency Response, KVFor vibrating sensing
Device sensitivity.
As the supplement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the above-mentioned Frequency Response W for seeking vibrating sensor and sensitivity KVMethod
Using constant current method, realize that circuit includes the operational amplifier being sequentially connected in series, alignment coil and load resistance R, from lubber-line
The internal resistance R of circleS2The Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance of outflow flows through current value and the school of load resistance R by the circuit to operational amplifier
The output current i of directrix circle2It is identical.
As the supplement of above-mentioned technical proposal, following formula is obtained using constant current method：
In formula, u is the driving voltage of alignment coil.
The device have the advantages that as follows：
1) on-line calibration of vibrating sensor can be carried out
There is no the vibrating sensor of built-in alignment coil, it can only be by adding vibration with conventional method on laboratory vibration platform
Excitation surveys output electric signal to test its sensitivity and frequency response characteristic.The present invention can carry out school in laboratory to sensor
Standard can also at the scene calibrate sensor even in.It is that this largely uses every profession and trade, cannot dismantle or inconvenient
For the sensor of dismounting, the workload of staff is significantly reduced, maintains the continuity of vibration monitoring, is reduced even
Avoid social influence and economic loss caused by being stopped because wanting inspection；Realize side work, the online prison that frontier inspection is surveyed
Survey, the purpose of on-line checking and requirement, make vibration industry status monitoring overhaul to obtain effective execution.
2) calibration method is simple and effective
The vibrating sensor of alignment coil built in the present invention has two-way wiring：Monitoring wiring and calibration wiring, it
Be connected to sensor internal different coil and circuit, it is indispensable, do not substitute mutually；When work, monitoring room connects monitoring and connects
Line end；When calibration, calibrator (-ter) unit connects calibration terminals；And when calibrating, it is only necessary to access standard signal source and standard voltmeter
(ammeter or the instrument for having corresponding function)；Easy-to-connect, required equipment are simple, and operating process is concise, operating personnel
Need not have very high knowledge and skills and detection can be completed；By laboratory investment and field calibration test comparison data come
It sees, calibration method of the invention is reliable, and data are consistent.
3) calibration method is traced to the source reliably
Electricity consumption calibration method calibrates built-in alignment coil vibrating sensor, and required standard device is simple：Standard signal
Source and standard voltmeter (ammeter or the instrument for having corresponding function).Uncertainty source is few, and component is mainly by each instrument
Uncertainty influences.This kind of criterion numeral table, has had very high precision now, so accuracy of measurement is high, measuring apparatus is traced back
Source is convenient, reliable.
4) it is also suitable after being restructured to existing sensor
The present invention not only can effectively instruct research and development, the production mode reform of vibrating sensor, its calibration method of specification that can also fit
For existing vibrating sensor.It is, in principle, that only an alignment coil need to be increased in existing sensor internal.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the illustraton of model of vibrating sensor of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the measuring circuit figure of signal coil of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the calibration circuit diagram of alignment coil of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the realization circuit diagram of constant current method of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with specific implementation mode with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
The present embodiment provides a kind of contactless vibrating sensor automatic calibrating methods, as shown in Figure 1, the vibration passes
Sensor is equipped with signal coil, forms the measuring circuit for measuring vibrating sensor displacement and characterisitic parameter；
Increase alignment coil on vibrating sensor, by transmission function analogy equation, determines signal coil and lubber-line
Relationship between circle realizes field calibration or calibrated in situ by electric calibration.
Analogy equation be：G2i2=-ms2Y, (1)
I.e.：
(ms2+bs+k)x+G1i1=G2i2
It takesIt takes
Then
It solves：
Cause
Known m and G2, find out the Frequency Response W and sensitivity K of vibrating sensorV；
In the above formulas, G2For mechanoelectric conversion's coefficient of alignment coil, i2For the output current of alignment coil, m is that vibration passes
The quality of sensor moving coil, y are the absolute displacement of vibrating sensor entirety, and s is the entire spring-mass damping system of sensor
Constant in the solution x of differential equation of motion；
K is vibrating sensor stiffness coefficient, and b is vibrating sensor damped coefficient, and x is the position of vibrating sensor moving coil
It moves, G1For mechanoelectric conversion's coefficient of signal coil, i1For the output current of signal coil, RS1For the internal resistance of signal coil, R1It is negative
Charged resistance, e1For the output voltage of signal coil, W is vibrating sensor Frequency Response, KVFor vibrating sensor sensitivity.
It is above-mentioned to seek Frequency Response W and sensitivity KVMethod use constant current method, realize circuit include be sequentially connected in series
Operational amplifier, alignment coil and load resistance R, from the internal resistance R of alignment coilS2The Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance of outflow is to operation amplifier
Device flows through the output current i of the current value and alignment coil of load resistance R by the circuit2It is identical；
Measure e2=Ri2, according to e2, R, acquire i2, while measuring e1, substitute into formula (5).
Such as useWhen amplification factor K is very big, the open-loop gain of operational amplifier is usually more than thousands of, formula (6)
It sets up.
In formula, L is the inductance of alignment coil, e2For the output voltage of alignment coil, e is the input voltage of alignment coil.
Calibration method：
The calibration of built-in alignment coil vibrating sensor is divided into two parts of laboratory investment and on-line calibration.Sensor is real
Before the use of border (such as before being arranged in measure field), first in calibration laboratory, using absolute method vibration standard device or compare
Method vibration standard device calibrates its sensitivity S v；(can be that there is letter using signal generator and voltage-measuring equipment
Number occur and voltage measurement function signal gathering analysis meter, can also be the mating collector of sensor with the same function)
Its relative sensitivity S is calibrated；The sensitivity S e of alignment coil is calculated based on formula (10), and evaluates it and measures not
Degree of certainty.
After sensor actual use (on-line calibration or field calibration), original position is installed in sensor, utilizes signal generator
Its relative sensitivity S is calibrated with voltage-measuring equipment；Utilize the sensitivity for the alignment coil being calculated in laboratory
Se can be calculated the sensitivity S v of sensor based on formula (10), and evaluate its uncertainty of measurement, this kind of to realize
The on-line calibration of sensor.
Calibration is calibrated or removed for the first time to laboratory investment ()
The first step：The calibration of transducer sensitivity Sv
Sensor is mounted on absolute method low-frequency vibration standard set-up according to the requirement of ISO16063-11 or ISO1606-21
Or on comparison method low-frequency vibration standard set-up, first in reference frequency point (fref) determine the sensitivity of sensor.Reference amplitude is
Xref, the magnitude of sensor output electrical signals is Eref, obtain sensor is in the sensitivity of reference point：
Then, then determine other calibration frequency points and the sensor under amplitude sensitivity.
Second step：The determination of the calibration and alignment coil sensitivity S e of sensor relative sensitivity S
First, in reference frequency point (fref), the amplitude of adjustment alignment coil excitation electric signal Ue makes the output of sensor
The magnitude of electric signal is Eref, and the amplitude for measuring alignment coil excitation point signal simultaneously is Ueref, to obtain the phase of sensor
It is to sensitivity：
The magnitude of the output electric signal of sensor is ErefWhen, equivalent Oscillation Amplitude is：
While the sensitivity that can obtain alignment coil is：
Then determine again other calibration frequency points and amplitude lower sensor electric signal sensitivity and alignment coil it is sensitive
Degree.
On-line calibration (field calibration or calibrated in situ)
The first step：The on-line calibration of sensor relative sensitivity S.
First in reference frequency point (fref), apply excitation electric signal Ue on alignment coilref, measure and obtain sensor
The magnitude for exporting electric signal is Eref, the relative sensitivity to obtain sensor is：
Then, then determine other calibration frequency points and the sensor under amplitude relative sensitivity.
Second step：The online determination of transducer sensitivity Sv
First, in reference frequency point (fref), utilize the sensitivity S e (f of known alignment coilref), according to formula
(10), you can calculate the sensitivity of sensor：
Then, then determine other calibration frequency points and the sensor under amplitude sensitivity.
Embodiments of the present invention above described embodiment only expresses, can not be therefore understands that for patent of invention range
Limitation, also not to the present invention structure make any form of restriction.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made, these belong to this hair
Bright protection domain.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration method, the vibrating sensor is equipped with signal coil, is formed for measuring
The measuring circuit of vibrating sensor displacement and characterisitic parameter；It is characterized in that,
Increase alignment coil on vibrating sensor, compared equation by transmission function, determine signal coil and alignment coil it
Between relationship, pass through electric calibration and realize field calibration or calibrated in situ.
2. vibrating sensor on-line calibration method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Analogy equation be：G2i2=-ms2Y,
It is solved using the equation：And
The Frequency Response W and sensitivity K of vibrating sensor are sought with thisV。
Wherein, G2For mechanoelectric conversion's coefficient of alignment coil, i2For the output current of alignment coil, m is that vibrating sensor can moving-wire
The quality of circle, y are the absolute displacement of vibrating sensor entirety, and s is sensor entire spring-mass damping system motion side
Constant in the solution x of journey, e1For the output voltage of signal coil, W is vibrating sensor Frequency Response, KVFor vibrating sensor spirit
Sensitivity.
3. vibrating sensor on-line calibration method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that above-mentioned to seek vibrating sensor
Frequency Response W and sensitivity KVMethod use constant current method, realize circuit include the operational amplifier being sequentially connected in series, school
Directrix circle and load resistance R, from the internal resistance R of alignment coilS2The Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance of outflow is made to operational amplifier by the circuit
Flow through the current value of load resistance R and the output current i of alignment coil2It is identical.
4. vibrating sensor on-line calibration method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that using constant current method obtain as
Lower formula：
In formula, u is the driving voltage of alignment coil.
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| CN201810231814.4A CN108398185A (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2018-03-20 | A kind of vibrating sensor on-line calibration method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111856617A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-10-30 | 吉林大学 | Self-calibration method, device, medium and electronic equipment of geophone |
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| US5146776A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-09-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method for continuously calibrating an optical vibration sensor |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5146776A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-09-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method for continuously calibrating an optical vibration sensor |
| CN102252746A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-23 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Big-damping-ratio-based double parameter speed and acceleration output vibration pickup |
| CN102519512A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 福建省计量科学研究院 | System and method for detecting magnetic sensitivity of vibration and shock sensor |
| CN103090901A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-08 | 苏州东菱振动试验仪器有限公司 | On-line calibration method for sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111856617A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-10-30 | 吉林大学 | Self-calibration method, device, medium and electronic equipment of geophone |
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Application publication date: 20180814 |