CN108397347A - A kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing - Google Patents

A kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108397347A
CN108397347A CN201810088030.0A CN201810088030A CN108397347A CN 108397347 A CN108397347 A CN 108397347A CN 201810088030 A CN201810088030 A CN 201810088030A CN 108397347 A CN108397347 A CN 108397347A
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unit
control
speed
wind turbines
rotating speed
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CN108397347B (en
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应有
杨靖
孙勇
许国东
李照霞
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Zhang Beiyun Of Wind Power Co Ltd
Zhejiang Windey Co Ltd
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Zhang Beiyun Of Wind Power Co Ltd
Zhejiang Windey Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/96Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/10Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/101Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/30Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/328Blade pitch angle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/30Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/337Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00Control
    • F05B2270/70Type of control algorithm
    • F05B2270/705Type of control algorithm proportional-integral
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing, includes the following steps:1) wind power unit converter detects mains frequency;2) Wind turbines master control system judges whether Wind turbines enter inertia response control pattern according to mains frequency and inertia response control dead zone;3) if so, the rotation function that Wind turbines are stored by discharging impeller of wind turbine set and generator, simulates inertial response effect;4) judge that mains frequency restores in dead zone range or when Wind turbines judge itself to be in the critical ability of inertia support, Wind turbines start rotating speed recovery, and using permanent rotating speed recovery control method;5) when judging that unit restores to output power to be in 90%~110% range of the theoretical power (horse-power) of speed-changing oar-changing control operation, unit enters acceleration smoothly continuous switching control mode.The present invention solves the problems, such as the fixed caused compressor emergency shutdown of Wind turbines rotary speed unstabilization and generates secondary pulse to power grid.

Description

A kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generating set control method, especially a kind of guarantee large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control Stable method for controlling number of revolution.
Background technology
Wind-powered electricity generation participates in electric system frequency modulation many benefits for power grid:Link power grid frequency modulation pressure improves power grid Frequency stability improves wind-powered electricity generation permeability, increases new energy accounting, reduces spinning reserve capacity, reduces power grid spinning reserve and holds Amount reduces operation of power networks cost.More and more Utilities Electric Co.s require wind-power electricity generation that can provide auxiliary as conventional power plant Some Grid codes of sex service, domestic and international newest publication clearly propose that integrated wind plant needs to provide and conventional power plant one The auxiliary functions such as spinning reserve, inertial response and the primary frequency modulation of sample.It is that power grid is wanted that so wind-powered electricity generation, which participates in electric system frequency modulation, The inexorable trend asked.
Variable speed constant frequency Wind turbines stator based on double fed induction generators is directly accessed power grid, and rotor passes through between frequency converter Access power grid, it is very fast that this distinctive control mode so that its electromagnetic torque is adjusted, mechanical output and system electromagnetic power Decoupling, rotating speed and mains frequency decouple, and can not change to system frequency and make quick response.When system frequency changes, frequency conversion Device control keeps electromagnetic power constant as possible, and since wind speed is constant, wind energy conversion system rotating speed is constant, and output mechanical power is constant, to Electromagnetic power can keep balancing with mechanical output, and generator speed is constant, also can not just discharge kinetic energy.Such case double-fed wind The intrinsic inertia of motor group for whole system inertia almost without contribution, that is to say, that double-fed fan motor unit it is grid-connected so that The rotary inertia of whole system reduces, to also just be unfavorable for the recovery of mains frequency.
Therefore, in not any additional energy-storage system, the kinetic energy stored in Wind turbines itself rotor, control are utilized It contributes with its active power is adjusted, to participate in the frequency-modulating process of system together with the synchronous motor in system, lifting system is whole The fm capacity of body improves system frequency stability.When system frequency changes, frequency converter adjusts unit electromagnetic power, due to Wind speed is held essentially constant, and Wind turbines discharge kinetic energy, and output mechanical power increases, to which electromagnetic power can with mechanical output It cannot keep balancing, generator speed is caused to change.Meanwhile when inertia respond support process after, follow hard on The variation of the process that one Wind turbines rotating speed restores, rotating speed influences power of the assembling unit output, and secondary pulse is generated to mains frequency And influence.
Invention content
In order to overcome the problems, such as that Wind turbines rotary speed unstabilization is fixed in Wind turbines inertia response control, solves Wind turbines rotating speed Compressor emergency shutdown caused by unstable and secondary pulse led to the problem of to power grid, the present invention provides a kind of in inertia response control mistake The control method of generating unit speed can be stablized in journey.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
It is a kind of ensure large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control stablize method for controlling number of revolution, the control method include with Lower step:
1) wind power unit converter detects mains frequency, and frequency signal is uploaded to Wind turbines master control system;
2) Wind turbines master control system is according to mains frequency and inertia response control dead zone, judge Wind turbines whether into Enter inertia response control pattern;
If 3) Wind turbines enter inertia response control pattern, Wind turbines carry out power using the kinetic energy stored in rotor Support improves the active power of unit output, the rotation that large-scale wind electricity unit is stored by discharging impeller of wind turbine set and generator Rotation energy, simulates inertial response effect;Constant in inertia response duration wind speed, the energy of unit capture is kept constant, then leading Wind turbines rotating speed has been caused to decline;
4) judge that mains frequency restores in dead zone range or Wind turbines judge itself to be in the critical of inertia support When ability, large-scale wind electricity unit starts rotating speed recovery, and using permanent rotating speed recovery control method;
5) judge that unit restores to output power 90%~110% model for being in the theoretical power (horse-power) of speed-changing oar-changing control operation When enclosing interior, unit enters acceleration smoothly continuous switching control mode.
Further, in the step 4), Wind turbines monitor mains frequency and generator speed simultaneously, when any one When part trigger threshold, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of permanent rotating speed, enters step 5).
Preferably, setting monitoring electric network frequency trigger threshold is as follows:It is Δ f that unit inertia response frequency, which triggers dead zone, i.e., When mains frequency restores to 50- Δ f Hz in unit inertia response process, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of rotating speed;
It is as follows that generator speed trigger threshold is set:Generating set minimum speed is ωmin, generating unit speed early warning thresholding is Δ ω, when Wind turbines rotating speed is less than ωminWhen+Δ ω, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of rotating speed;
During rotating speed restores, the control model restored using permanent rotating speed, the control algolithm of proportional, integral, which calculates, it is expected to add Speed is:
ai_exp=kp(vref-v)+ki∫(vref-v)dt
Wherein:ai_expIt is responded for inertia and it is expected acceleration, kpFor proportionality coefficient, kiFor integral coefficient, vrefFor unit allocation Rotating speed of target, v are unit operation actual speed.
Further, in the step 5), speed-changing oar-changing control operation, the control algolithm of use calculates desired acceleration For:
av_exp=kp(vref-v)
Wherein:av_expIt is controlled for speed-changing oar-changing and it is expected acceleration, kpFor proportionality coefficient, vrefFor unit allocation rotating speed of target, V is unit operation actual speed;
Continuous processing is carried out to the controlled quentity controlled variable in handoff procedure, in transient process, using Weighted Average Algorithm to control The output quantity of device it is expected acceleration into Line Continuity processing, and formula is as follows:
aexp=k1ai_exp+k2av_exp
Wherein:aexpFor the controlled quentity controlled variable of transitional region internal controller, ai_expIt is responded for inertia and it is expected acceleration, av_expTo become Fast pitch control it is expected acceleration, k1And k2For weight coefficient, k1>=0, k2≤ 1, and k1+k2=1.
Further, in the step 5), k1And k2Selection rule it is as follows:
Unit is presently in state closer to certain control model, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the pattern is bigger, works as machine When group constant speed reforestation practices are with variable speed generation control mode switch, k1And k2Value it is as follows:
k1、k2=0.5 ± Δ vi/(2δv)
Wherein, Δ viFor operating states of the units in transitional region corresponding axis of ordinates value, δvFor transitional region boundary line Offset.
The present invention technical concept be:Pass through rotating speed control of the Wind turbines in inertia response process or in recovery process System so that Wind turbines ensure putting down for output power while set steady, safe operation during the entire process of inertia respond Surely, avoid unit that shutdown or output power shake is caused to lead to the secondary pulse to mains frequency since rotating speed is too low.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in:1, rotating speed control can avoid wind caused by the response of Wind turbines inertia Electric generating unit speed is too low and shuts down, and prevents from reducing unit durability and generates impact to power grid;2, rotating speed control can be realized quickly It is steady to restore to the optimized rotating speed of unit speed-changing oar-changing control operation, ensure the safe and stable operation of unit, prevents from causing unit Vibration;3, rotating speed point judges to fully consider the operation conditions of power grid and unit, to realize that unit supports the effect of power grid optimal, protects Demonstrate,prove the stabilization of unit safety and power grid.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rotating speed control mode judgement figure.
Fig. 2 is transitional region definition graph.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a kind of method for controlling number of revolution and be ensureing that large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control is stablized System, the control method include the following steps:
1) wind power unit converter is quickly and accurate (high-precision) detects mains frequency, and frequency signal is uploaded to wind-powered electricity generation Unit master control system;
2) Wind turbines master control system is according to mains frequency and inertia response control dead zone, judge Wind turbines whether into Enter inertia response control pattern;
If 3) Wind turbines enter inertia response control pattern, Wind turbines are carried out quick using the kinetic energy stored in rotor Power supports, and improves the active power of unit output, and large-scale wind electricity unit is stored by discharging impeller of wind turbine set and generator Rotation function, simulate inertial response effect.In inertia response duration wind speed, constant (constant at this is substantially constant, is ascended the throne Within the scope of fuctuation within a narrow range), the energy of unit capture keeps constant that (constant at this is substantially constant, that is, is located at small size wave Within the scope of dynamic), then resulting in the decline of Wind turbines rotating speed;
4) judge that mains frequency restores in dead zone range or Wind turbines judge itself to be in the critical of inertia support When ability, large-scale wind electricity unit starts rotating speed recovery, and using permanent rotating speed recovery control method.
Wind turbines monitor mains frequency and generator speed simultaneously, when any one condition trigger threshold, unit into Enter the steady reforestation practices of permanent rotating speed, enters step 5).
It is as follows that monitoring electric network frequency trigger threshold is set:Unit inertia response frequency triggering dead zone is that (default value is Δ f 0.2Hz), i.e., when mains frequency restores to 49.8Hz in unit inertia response process, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of rotating speed.
It is as follows that generator speed trigger threshold is set:Generating set minimum speed is ωmin, generating unit speed early warning thresholding is Δ ω (default value 50rpm), when Wind turbines rotating speed is less than ωminWhen+Δ ω, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of rotating speed.
During rotating speed restores, the control model restored using permanent rotating speed, the control algolithm of proportional, integral, which calculates, it is expected to add Speed is:
ai_exp=kp(vref-v)+ki∫(vref-v)dt
Wherein:ai_expIt is responded for inertia and it is expected acceleration, kpFor proportionality coefficient, kiFor integral coefficient, vrefFor unit allocation Rotating speed of target, v are unit operation actual speed.
5) judge that unit restores to output power 90%~110% model for being in the theoretical power (horse-power) of speed-changing oar-changing control operation When enclosing interior, unit enters acceleration, and smoothly continuous switching control mode, Wind turbines angular acceleration are not mutated, operate steadily, It avoids causing to vibrate.
Speed-changing oar-changing control operation, the control algolithm that uses calculate desired acceleration for:
av_exp=kp(vref-v)
Wherein:av_expIt is controlled for speed-changing oar-changing and it is expected acceleration, kpFor proportionality coefficient, vrefFor unit allocation rotating speed of target, V is unit operation actual speed.
Continuous processing is carried out to the controlled quentity controlled variable in handoff procedure, in transient process, using Weighted Average Algorithm to control The output quantity of device it is expected acceleration into Line Continuity processing, and formula is as follows:
aexp=k1ai_exp+k2av_exp
Wherein:aexpFor the controlled quentity controlled variable of transitional region internal controller, ai_expIt is responded for inertia and it is expected acceleration, av_expTo become Fast pitch control it is expected acceleration, k1And k2For weight coefficient, k1>=0, k2≤ 1, and k1+k2=1.
k1And k2Selection rule it is as follows:
Unit is presently in state closer to certain control model, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the pattern is bigger.Work as machine When group constant speed reforestation practices are with variable speed generation control mode switch, k1And k2Value it is as follows:
k1、k2=0.5 ± Δ vi/(2δv)
Wherein, Δ viFor operating states of the units in Fig. 2 transitional regions corresponding axis of ordinates value, δvFor transitional region side The offset in boundary line.
Choice of dynamical weight coefficient k1And k2, enable to unit allocation it is expected acceleration smooth change in handoff procedure, It avoids causing unit to be buffeted due to caused sudden change of acceleration in pattern switching.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing, which is characterized in that the control Method includes the following steps:
1) wind power unit converter detects mains frequency, and frequency signal is uploaded to Wind turbines master control system;
2) it is used to judge whether Wind turbines enter according to mains frequency and inertia response control dead zone for Wind turbines master control system Measure response control pattern;
If 3) Wind turbines enter inertia response control pattern, Wind turbines carry out power branch using the kinetic energy stored in rotor Support improves the active power of unit output, the rotation that large-scale wind electricity unit is stored by discharging impeller of wind turbine set and generator Kinetic energy simulates inertial response effect;Constant in inertia response duration wind speed, the energy of unit capture is kept constant, then causing Wind turbines rotating speeds declines;
4) judge that mains frequency restores in dead zone range or Wind turbines judge the critical ability for itself being in inertia support When, large-scale wind electricity unit starts rotating speed recovery, and using permanent rotating speed recovery control method;
5) judge that unit restores to output power to be in 90%~110% range of the theoretical power (horse-power) of speed-changing oar-changing control operation When, unit enters acceleration smoothly continuous switching control mode.
2. a kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing as described in claim 1, It is characterized in that:In the step 4), Wind turbines monitor mains frequency and generator speed simultaneously, when any one condition triggers When thresholding, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of permanent rotating speed, enters step 5).
3. a kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that:It is as follows that monitoring electric network frequency trigger threshold is set:It is Δ f that unit inertia response frequency, which triggers dead zone, that is, works as unit When mains frequency is restored to 50- Δ f Hz in inertia response process, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of rotating speed;
It is as follows that generator speed trigger threshold is set:Generating set minimum speed is ωmin, generating unit speed early warning thresholding is Δ ω, When Wind turbines rotating speed is less than ωminWhen+Δ ω, unit enters the steady reforestation practices of rotating speed;
During rotating speed restores, the control model restored using permanent rotating speed, the control algolithm of proportional, integral, which calculates, it is expected acceleration For:
ai_exp=kp(vref-v)+ki∫(vref-v)dt
Wherein:ai_expIt is responded for inertia and it is expected acceleration, kpFor proportionality coefficient, kiFor integral coefficient, vrefFor unit allocation target Rotating speed, v are unit operation actual speed.
4. the rotating speed control that a kind of guarantee large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control as described in one of claims 1 to 3 is stablized Method, it is characterised in that:In the step 5),
Speed-changing oar-changing control operation, the control algolithm that uses calculate desired acceleration for:
av_exp=kp(vref-v)
Wherein:av_expIt is controlled for speed-changing oar-changing and it is expected acceleration, kpFor proportionality coefficient, vrefFor unit allocation rotating speed of target, v is Unit operation actual speed;
Continuous processing is carried out to the controlled quentity controlled variable in handoff procedure, in transient process, using Weighted Average Algorithm to controller Output quantity it is expected acceleration into Line Continuity processing, and formula is as follows:
aexp=k1ai_exp+k2av_exp
Wherein:aexpFor the controlled quentity controlled variable of transitional region internal controller, ai_expIt is responded for inertia and it is expected acceleration, av_expBecome for speed change Acceleration, k it is expected in paddle control1And k2For weight coefficient, k1>=0, k2≤ 1, and k1+k2=1.
5. a kind of method for controlling number of revolution for ensureing large-scale wind electricity unit inertia response control and stablizing as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that:In the step 5), k1And k2Selection rule it is as follows:
Unit is presently in state closer to certain control model, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the pattern is bigger, when unit perseverance When quick-recovery pattern is with variable speed generation control mode switch, k1And k2Value it is as follows:
k1、k2=0.5 ± Δ vi/(2δv)
Wherein, Δ viFor operating states of the units in transitional region corresponding axis of ordinates value, δvFor the inclined of transitional region boundary line Shifting amount.
CN201810088030.0A 2018-01-30 2018-01-30 Rotating speed control method for ensuring stable inertia response control of large wind turbine generator Active CN108397347B (en)

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CN111852760A (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-30 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 Wind generating set operation control method and device and storage medium
CN113765124A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-07 上海交通大学 Selective response control system and method for full wind speed range voltage source type wind turbine generator
CN114301088A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-04-08 三一重能股份有限公司 Inertia control method, device, equipment and medium of wind turbine generator and wind turbine generator
CN115208067A (en) * 2022-09-15 2022-10-18 西安德纳检验检测有限公司 New energy station inertia response detection method, device and system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111852760A (en) * 2019-04-24 2020-10-30 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 Wind generating set operation control method and device and storage medium
CN111852760B (en) * 2019-04-24 2022-07-05 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 Wind generating set operation control method and device and storage medium
CN113765124A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-07 上海交通大学 Selective response control system and method for full wind speed range voltage source type wind turbine generator
CN113765124B (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-04-07 上海交通大学 Selective response control system and method for full wind speed range voltage source type wind turbine generator
CN114301088A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-04-08 三一重能股份有限公司 Inertia control method, device, equipment and medium of wind turbine generator and wind turbine generator
CN115208067A (en) * 2022-09-15 2022-10-18 西安德纳检验检测有限公司 New energy station inertia response detection method, device and system
CN115208067B (en) * 2022-09-15 2022-11-22 西安德纳检验检测有限公司 New energy station inertia response detection method, device and system

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