CN108396279B - Ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108396279B CN108396279B CN201810200025.4A CN201810200025A CN108396279B CN 108396279 B CN108396279 B CN 108396279B CN 201810200025 A CN201810200025 A CN 201810200025A CN 108396279 B CN108396279 B CN 108396279B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a powder material for a sealing coating at an ultrahigh temperature of more than 1200 ℃, a coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of thermal spraying. The material consists of three main components of SiC, Si and BN, powder raw materials are prepared into composite powder with different particle structures through various agglomeration processes, a sealing coating is prepared through processes of thermal spraying, pressing sintering, brazing and the like, the maximum using temperature can reach 1350 ℃, the using temperature is improved by more than 150 ℃ compared with that of the existing high-temperature sealing coating, the coating has good matching performance with a ceramic matrix composite material matrix such as CMC and the like, the high-temperature resistant advantage of the ceramic matrix composite material can be fully exerted, and the material has wide application in new-generation aero-engines and gas turbines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal spraying, relates to a sealing coating material and a preparation method thereof, and aims to provide an ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material which has a use temperature of 1350 ℃ and is suitable for a CMC (ceramic matrix composite) and other ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composite matrixes, a coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The CMC ceramic matrix composite has the advantages of light weight, high strength and good high temperature resistance, has wide application prospect in hot end parts of gas turbines, and the service temperature of the CMC ceramic matrix composite can reach 1500 ℃. However, turbine components prepared by adopting CMC are easy to scratch, adhere to materials and the like under high-temperature and high-speed working conditions, and then the performance of the materials is rapidly reduced, and a sealing coating needs to be adopted to protect a CMC matrix. The highest service temperature of the sealing coating with the highest application temperature is only 1200 ℃ at present, the ultrahigh-temperature characteristic of the CMC ceramic matrix composite substrate cannot be fully exerted, and an ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating which has the service temperature of more than 1200 ℃ and has good matching property with the CMC substrate is urgently needed.
At present, the sealing coating material which can be applied to the high-temperature section of the gas turbine mainly comprises two types of MCrAlY (M represents Ni, Co or NiCo) base and zirconia base, wherein the MCrAlY base sealing coating is a metal material, the limit service temperature is only 1100 ℃, and the material is softened and melted when the temperature is higher than the limit service temperature; the maximum service temperature of the zirconia-based coating does not exceed 1200 c, above which the lifetime of the coating is drastically reduced due to phase transformation, sinter hardening, etc. To meet the application requirement of more than 1200 ℃, the coating material has high melting point, excellent thermal stability, high-temperature oxidation resistance and hot corrosion resistance, is matched with the thermal expansion coefficient of the CMC substrate, and has the density as low as possible so as to meet the requirement of reducing the weight of an aeroengine. Therefore, the ultra-high temperature sealing coating is always a difficult point and bottleneck for the design of the sealing coating material. The published report of the high-temperature sealing coating material with the use temperature of 1350 ℃ is not found at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material which has the use temperature of 1350 ℃ and is matched with a CMC substrate, a coating and a preparation method thereof. Simple substance Si is added in the material to ensure that the coating is higher than 1300 DEG COxidation resistance in a warm environment; it is very critical that the simple substance Si is dispersed and distributed in the SiC-based phase framework, and the SiO is generated in the high-temperature environment2The SiC-based phase framework can be prevented from sintering densification caused by long-term high-temperature service, so that the coating always keeps excellent performance and meets the requirement of long service life. The boron nitride is used as a filling component, so that the controllability of the coating structure properties such as the size and the number of holes in the coating, the structure morphology, the coating hardness and the like is improved.
The invention discloses an ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder material which is characterized in that the powder is composite particle powder of silicon carbide, silicon, boron nitride and a binder, and the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: BN: 0.1-60%, Si: 0.1-20%, binder: 0.1-10%, SiC: and (4) the balance.
The invention also discloses a particle structure of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder material, which is characterized in that composite particles forming the powder have any one of the following structures: (1) single-layer coating structure: the coating layer formed by any 2 components of SiC, Si and BN coats the 3 rd component; (2) double-layer cladding structure: any 1 component in SiC, Si and BN is taken as a core, and the other two components are coated with the 3 rd component layer by layer in any sequence; (3) an agglomeration mixed structure: mixing three components of SiC, Si and BN.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, which comprises the following steps:
adding BN powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-10% of the total weight of the raw materials; after the binder and the BN powder are fully wetted, SiC powder and Si powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m are added, then the mixture is uniformly stirred, stopped to discharge and dried.
The invention also discloses another preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, which comprises the following steps:
adding BN powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials; after the binder and the BN powder are fully wetted, adding SiC powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m, and uniformly stirring; stirring to form particles, adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials, uniformly stirring, fully wetting the binder and the materials, adding Si powder with the particle size of less than 50 mu m, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, discharging, and drying.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the third ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a Si-coated SiC intermediate material, adding SiC powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials; after fully wetting the binder and the SiC powder, adding Si powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m, uniformly stirring, stopping discharging, and drying;
(2) adding BN powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials; after fully wetting the binder and BN powder, adding the Si-coated SiC intermediate material prepared in the step (1), and then uniformly stirring; finally, stopping the machine to discharge and drying.
In some embodiments, the binder is formulated from a gum and a solvent; the glue is as follows: one or more of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, alkyd varnish, polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the solvent is as follows: acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, xylene or water.
The invention also discloses an ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating which is characterized in that the coating is prepared by taking the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder material provided by the invention as a raw material and adopting methods of thermal spraying, pressing sintering-brazing and the like; or the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder material provided by the invention is used as a raw material, and comprises a surface layer prepared by methods of thermal spraying, pressing sintering-brazing and the like and a bottom layer with any heat-resistant temperature of more than 1200 ℃.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) drying the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material;
(2) carrying out pretreatment such as grinding, coarsening, cleaning and the like on the substrate workpiece;
(3) preparing a bottom layer on the pretreated substrate;
(4) and spraying the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate or the substrate with the bottom layer by adopting thermal spraying methods such as low-pressure plasma spraying, atmosphere protection plasma spraying, atmospheric plasma spraying, supersonic flame spraying, conventional flame spraying and the like to prepare the coating.
The invention discloses another preparation method of an ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material and a binder according to a certain proportion;
(2) performing compression molding and sintering on the product obtained in the step (1) according to the shape of the workpiece to obtain a coating prefabricated body;
(3) carrying out pretreatment such as grinding, coarsening, cleaning and the like on the substrate workpiece;
(4) and connecting the coating prefabricated body with the pretreated substrate by one or more of brazing, diffusion welding, hot pressing and other material connecting processes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sealing coating prepared by the sealing material has the use temperature of 1350 ℃, has good matching property with the CMC substrate, is improved by more than 150 ℃ compared with the use temperature of the existing high-temperature sealing coating, can fully exert the excellent characteristics of the CMC substrate material in a high-temperature environment, and obviously improve the efficiency and service performance of an aeroengine and a gas turbine.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Adding 2kg of BN powder with the granularity into stirring equipment, stirring at the speed of 15r/min for 10-15 min, and simultaneously adding 60-100 g of a binder. The adhesive is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and water, and the mixing ratio is 1: 5; after the binder and the BN powder are fully wetted, firstly adding 5kg of SiC powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m, and uniformly stirring for 20-30 min at the speed of 8-15 r/min; stirring to form particles, adding 60-100 g of a binder, uniformly stirring at the speed of 8-15 r/min for 10-20 min to fully wet the binder and the materials, adding 500g of Si powder with the particle size of less than 50 mu m, uniformly stirring at the speed of 8-15 r/min for 20-30 min, stopping discharging, and drying at room temperature for 12-24 h.
Example 2
5kg of SiC powder with the granularity of 25-48 mu m is added into stirring equipment, the mixture is stirred for 20-30 min at the speed of 12r/min, and 30-60 g of binder is added at the same time. The adhesive is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and water, and the mixing ratio is 1: 5; after the binder and the BN powder are fully wetted, 500g of Si powder with the granularity less than 10 mu m is added, and the mixture is uniformly stirred for 20-30 min at the speed of 8-15 r/min; stirring to form particles, adding 60-100 g of binder, uniformly stirring at the speed of 8-15 r/min for 10-20 min to fully wet the binder and the materials, adding 2kg of BN powder, uniformly stirring at the speed of 8-15 r/min for 20-30 min, stopping discharging, and drying at room temperature for 12-24 h.
Example 3
The final powder material prepared in example one was dried at 80 ℃ for 1 h. And grinding and coarsening the CMC substrate by using 165-mesh diamond sand paper, cleaning and drying the CMC substrate by using a solvent, mounting the CMC substrate on a spraying tool, and placing the CMC substrate in a low-pressure plasma spraying cabin. The chamber was evacuated to 30mbar and backfilled with argon to 50mbar to achieve the spray condition. Spraying is carried out according to the following parameters: the coating has the advantages of 130kw of power, 800A of current, 100lpm of argon gas flow, 30lpm of hydrogen gas flow, 20lpm of helium gas flow, 450mm of spraying distance, 30g/min of powder feeding speed and 1.5-2.0 mm of coating thickness. And after the temperature of the matrix is reduced to below 300 ℃, backfilling argon, cooling to below 100 ℃, and taking out the workpiece coated with the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating.
Example 4
The final powder prepared in example one was mixed with 10% strength polyvinyl alcohol binder according to a 20: 1 proportion in a stirrer for 10min until the materials are uniform. Uniformly coating the mixture to fill a die cavity with the size of 40mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 3mm, placing the die cavity in a flexible sheath, and pressing and forming the die cavity on an isostatic press under the pressure of 10-20 MPa. And (3) sintering the formed blank at 1600-1800 ℃ for 1-4 h in vacuum to obtain a coating preform.
And grinding and roughening the CMC substrate by using 165-mesh diamond sand paper, and cleaning and drying by using a solvent. Uniformly coating Nicoblaze pigment 520 liquid solder on the surface of the pretreated substrate and the surface of the prefabricated body of the coating to be connected, uniformly dispersing pure Si particles on the solder before drying, then pre-connecting the coating and the substrate, and applying small pressure on a common press to fully contact the two parts. And (3) placing the pre-connected coating and the substrate in a vacuum furnace, preserving heat for 5min at 1480 ℃, cooling to 500 ℃ along with the furnace to forcibly cool to room temperature, and taking out the workpiece coated with the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating.
Claims (9)
1. The ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material is composite particle powder consisting of silicon carbide, silicon, boron nitride and a binder, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: BN: 0.1-60%, Si: 0.1-20%, binder: 0.1-10%, SiC: and (4) the balance.
2. The ultra-high temperature seal coating material according to claim 1, wherein the composite particles constituting the powder have any one of the following structures: (1) single-layer coating structure: the coating layer formed by any 2 components of SiC, Si and BN coats the 3 rd component; (2) double-layer cladding structure: any 1 component in SiC, Si and BN is taken as a core, and the other two components are coated with the 3 rd component layer by layer in any sequence; (3) an agglomeration mixed structure: mixing three components of SiC, Si and BN.
3. The preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adding BN powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-10% of the total weight of the raw materials; after the binder and the BN powder are fully wetted, SiC powder and Si powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m are added simultaneously, then the mixture is uniformly stirred, stopped to discharge and dried.
4. The preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adding BN powder with the particle size of 50-250 mu m into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials; after the binder and the BN powder are fully wetted, adding SiC powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m, and uniformly stirring; stirring to form particles, adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials, uniformly stirring, fully wetting the binder and the materials, adding Si powder with the particle size of less than 50 mu m, uniformly stirring, stopping the machine, discharging, and drying.
5. The preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing a Si-coated SiC intermediate material, adding SiC powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials; after fully wetting the binder and the SiC powder, adding Si powder with the granularity of less than 50 mu m, uniformly stirring, stopping discharging, and drying;
(2) adding BN powder into stirring equipment for stirring, and simultaneously adding a binder accounting for 1-5% of the total weight of the raw materials; after fully wetting the binder and BN powder, adding the Si-coated SiC intermediate material prepared in the step (1), and then uniformly stirring; finally, stopping the machine to discharge and drying.
6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the binder is formulated from a glue and a solvent; the glue is as follows: one or more of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, alkyd varnish, polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the solvent is as follows: acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, xylene or water.
7. An ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating, which is characterized in that the coating is prepared by adopting the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder material of claim 1 as a raw material through a thermal spraying or pressing sintering-brazing method;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the coating is composed of a surface layer prepared by adopting the ultra-high temperature sealing coating powder material of claim 1 as a raw material through a thermal spraying or pressing sintering-brazing method and a bottom layer with any heat-resistant temperature of more than 1200 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) drying the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating powder material;
(2) carrying out polishing, roughening and cleaning pretreatment on the substrate workpiece;
(3) preparing a bottom layer on the pretreated substrate;
(4) spraying the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material of claim 1 on the surface of a pretreated substrate or a substrate with a bottom layer by adopting any one of thermal spraying methods of low-pressure plasma spraying, atmosphere protection plasma spraying, atmospheric plasma spraying, supersonic flame spraying and conventional flame spraying to prepare a coating.
9. The preparation method of the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing the ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material of claim 1 with a binder according to a certain proportion;
(2) performing compression molding and sintering on the product obtained in the step (1) according to the shape of the workpiece to obtain a coating prefabricated body;
(3) carrying out polishing, roughening and cleaning pretreatment on the substrate workpiece;
(4) and connecting the coating prefabricated body with the pretreated substrate by one or more of brazing, diffusion welding and hot-pressing material connecting processes.
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| CN201810200025.4A CN108396279B (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | Ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201810200025.4A CN108396279B (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | Ultrahigh-temperature sealing coating material, coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108396279B true CN108396279B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101863683A (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Anti-oxidation coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN102168239A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-08-31 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Composite powder for abradable seal, coating and preparation method |
| CN104788130A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | C/(SiC/BN)n compound interface phase coating, coating fiber and preparation method of coating fiber |
-
2018
- 2018-03-12 CN CN201810200025.4A patent/CN108396279B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101863683A (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Anti-oxidation coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN102168239A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-08-31 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Composite powder for abradable seal, coating and preparation method |
| CN104788130A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | C/(SiC/BN)n compound interface phase coating, coating fiber and preparation method of coating fiber |
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