CN1083934A - Color fluorescent liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Color fluorescent liquid crystal display Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1083934A
CN1083934A CN 93107603 CN93107603A CN1083934A CN 1083934 A CN1083934 A CN 1083934A CN 93107603 CN93107603 CN 93107603 CN 93107603 A CN93107603 A CN 93107603A CN 1083934 A CN1083934 A CN 1083934A
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light
electrode
row
pixel
array
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戈世超
梁杰姆
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Panocorp Display Systems
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Panocorp Display Systems
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Priority claimed from US07/943,934 external-priority patent/US5347201A/en
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Abstract

Electronics fluorescent apparatus (EFD) as the back light source of black/white LCD.Wherein EFD provides red, green and blue light, shows polychrome or full-colour image.EFD comprises individual many negative electrodes of being located in the vacuum chamber, the gate electrode of the sequential of near the phosphor strip a anode, anode and generation of control light and forsequential color addressing.The transmissivity of this control LCD of system is proportional with the amplitude of the input signal that constitutes simulation system; EFD then provides the three primary colours light pulse of constant intensity simply.In addition, the LCD pixel of choosing can be by the addressing of digital ground opening or to turn-off, and the intensity of the red, green, blue pulse that is provided by EFD is variable.

Description

Color fluorescent liquid crystal display
The present invention relates generally to can exhibit high brilliance and the effective display device of resolution monochrome, polychrome and full-colour image.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of liquid crystal apparatus (LCD) that does not have color filter, wherein LCD is thrown light on by background light source, and it is an emission monochromatic light or such as red, blue, the green heterogeneous light electronics fluorescence source of three primary colours.
LCD is most widely used a kind of equipment.Yet current most LCD that uses is monochromatic.Although proposed polychrome and panchromatic LCD, some technical barriers have hindered their development.In polychrome and panchromatic LCD that majority proposes, use the back light source.Yet under most of situations, the back light source of use is a white light.Therefore, for producing the composite image of different color, used red, blue, green color filter array.For each pixel, the white light that is directed to a pixel part is filtered so that only allow red light to pass through, and the white light that is directed to pixel another part is filtered, so that only allow blue light to pass through, and the white light that is directed to the pixel remainder filtered so that only allow green glow to pass through.Have only sub-fraction white light energy to see through the LCD transmission like this.If require pure relatively red, indigo plant and green light, then used optical filter must have narrow passband, so that the number percent of the white light energy that is utilized further descends.Yet if require brighter demonstration, perhaps the user has to compromise on colour quality, and utilizes red, the indigo plant and the green color filter of passband broad.
The LCD unit is slow to the voltage responsive that is added on it.Especially, when scanning voltage was added on the LCD unit first, the unit had low transmissivity.In the scan period, transmissivity slowly rises, so that in the scan period, the light transmission of low number percent red, blue and green color filter and process LCD unit transmission.This is the remarkable defective of passive matrix LCD color monitor, and wherein next door, LCD unit does not have driver to drive this unit.
For improving display brightness, the thin film transistor unit is proposed, be each LCD unit or at least three thin film transistor (TFT)s of pixel increase, be conducting and the disconnection of the light time of transmission different color with accelerator module or pixel.Yet, such transistor be lighttight and take in the LCD unit than large tracts of land.In other words, no matter what the designer obtained when increasing transmissivity, and the designer also will lose to the small part interests, and this is because the area of actual transmitted light has reduced in the unit.
Other complicacy of thin film transistor escope are to make.If the thin film transistor (TFT) defectiveness in LCD pixel or unit some like this, then whole display can not use and must scrap.Because the output problem has been used redundant transistor.Yet, increasing the transmittance part that more thin film transistor (TFT)s have further reduced pixel, this is undesirable.For the display with a plurality of pixels, it is considerable reducing area.For example, for the display of one 480 * 240 pixel, even transistor must act on 480 * 240 * 3 transistors when not redundant.If comprise redundant transistor, 2 transistors of every kind of color use such as every pixel then must use 480 * 240 * 3 * 2 transistors.
In view of the foregoing, be difficult to utilize above-mentioned conventional design to realize effective high brightness, high-quality color and high-resolution color LCD display.Especially true for giant display.Therefore the replacement design of color LCD display a kind of cheapness and that can overcome or alleviate above-mentioned difficulties need be provided.
The present invention is based on a kind of like this consideration, promptly utilize electronics fluorescence equipment (EFD) as the white light source of backlight, to alleviate or to avoid the above-mentioned difficult point of conventional color LCD with replacement band color filter.Plate color display device of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal material layer, is used for the position on the described layer of addressing so that described layer changes the device of going up the light intensity of selected position transmission through this layer, and the back light source that is used for providing to liquid crystal layer light.This back light source comprises a shell, has determined the vacuum chamber in it, is installed in this indoor a plurality of negative electrodes, is used to make the device of emission of cathode electronics, and an indoor anode.This light source comprises that also indoor control device is used to make the anode of the electronics directive select location of emission of cathode, and be arranged on chamber inner anode place or near it, the described electronics of response and produce light and it is directed to the device of liquid crystal material layer.
The present invention is directed to a kind of image display unit that is used for displayed image when watching on view direction on the other hand.This image display unit comprises a flat basically front end unit, it has continued independent controlled optical gate array, each optical gate has surface, front portion and a control device, control device is used for addressing and controls optical gate with the passing through of the light of the part on each the optical gate surface of control by front end unit, and described part has been determined the optical gate face.This equipment also has a flat basically backend unit that contains a plurality of subdivisions, and each subdivision is used for the optical gate that image shows corresponding to one group.This equipment comprises the rear end control device in addition, be used for (being independent of other subdivision ground) and control each subdivision so that each subdivision produces one or more colored light pulses from its regional at least a portion, described part has been determined a light emitting surface, and these light are directed to corresponding optical gate group in the front end unit.Forward and backward control device makes from the light pulse of at least one subdivision synchronised of passing through with light by corresponding optical gate group in the front end unit.
Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a kind of method that is used for the addressing image display unit, and equipment wherein comprises a flat basically front end unit, contains the independence optical gate controlled and that form a two-dimensional array of row and column in the unit.Optical gate changes transmissison characteristic to respond a signal.Optical gate needs a predetermined response to time cycle after it being applied a signal and before the light by its transmission reaches predetermined value.This equipment also has a flat basically backend unit, is used to produce one or more colored light pulses when being directed to front end unit with displayed image from front end unit light pulse when view direction is watched.Front end unit comprises a plurality of subdivisions, so that is directed to the optical gate of predetermined row train value to be used for the image demonstration from the light of each subdivision.The optical gate at predetermined row train value place has defined the corresponding optical gate of subdivision.The method of this aspect of the present invention comprises that the row and column that sweep signal is applied to optical gate in the array is to change the optical transmission rate by the optical gate in these ranks.Scan period is defined as the once used time span of optical gate that sweep signal is added to all row and columns.This method also comprises this step, the subdivision emission that promptly causes backend unit be directed to periodically in the light of corresponding optical gate so that the one section delay time after sweep signal is applied to described corresponding optical gate light from each subdivision guide row to corresponding optical gate, described time-delay is equal to or greater than the response time period of optical gate substantially.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a part of the passive matrix electronics fluorescence LCD of the explanation embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram that applies the electronic control system of various voltages and signal for explanation the present invention to the equipment of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the part of the conventional LCD device of active matrix.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of a part of the active matrix electronics fluorescence LCD device of the explanation embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that further specifies the electronics fluorescence LCD device of characteristic of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a synoptic diagram, has shown to be used for the electrical connection of addressing corresponding to the different phosphor strips of M cell array between the gate electrode of EFD, so that principle of the present invention to be described.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of a part of electronics fluorescence LCD device of the application tapered field electron emitting cathode structure of explanation another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the upper surface of cathode follower coincidence circuit of electroluminescence LCD device of Fig. 7 and the skeleton view of negative electrode tip.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of a part of the electronics fluorescence LCD device of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.
Figure 10 illustrates by the addressing that applies to analog gray scale electroluminescence LCD device such as the addressing of Fig. 2 and control system and the sequential chart of control signal for explanation the present invention.
Figure 11 is the explanation block diagram that is used for the control system of operation simulation gray level electronics fluorescence LCD of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the control signal of explanation digital grayscale electronics fluorescence LCD of the present invention and the sequential chart of LCD transmissivity.
Figure 13 is the sequential chart that is used for the control signal of electronics fluorescence LCD device, in order to illustrate in greater detail the scheme that produces the digital gray scale value among Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a sequential chart of realizing the control signal of numeral another program in Figure 12 and 13 of gray-scale value.
Figure 15 is the basic circuit diagram of the control circuit of the explanation control signal that is used to produce Figure 12 and 13.
Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram of an electronics fluorescence LCD device part that is used to reduce the phase mutual interference of explanation one aspect of the invention.
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that the effect of the data pulse that is closed to the electronics fluorescent device in reducing the phase mutual interference in advance is described.
Figure 18 is the sectional view of the electronics fluorescence LCD of explanation mosaic display.
Figure 19 is the skeleton view of explanation EFLCD equipment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the sequential chart of the operation of equipment among explanation Figure 19.
Fig. 1 is the electronics fluorescence LCD(EFLCD of the explanation embodiment of the invention) the sectional view of a part, LCD device wherein is a passive, the device that is not adjacent to LCD pixel or unit comes driver element.As shown in Figure 1, EFLCD30 comprises a Twisted Nematic 32 and an electronics fluorescent device (EFD) 34.LCD32 is a black/white LCD who does not have colored filter, and EFD34 is monochromatic basically or different colored light as the back light emitted.Be used for the addressing of addressing and control LCD32 and EFD34 and control system by synchronously, so that when the not homochromy light time of EFD emission, equipment 32 and 34 combination change original black/white LCD32 into high brightness, high efficiency polychrome or panchromatic high-quality color display.In most preferred embodiment, EFD34 emission is such as red, blue and green polychromatic light, and it is monochromatic to should be understood that EFD34 also can be.
Among Fig. 1, LCD32 can be black and white numeral LCD, or single array or many arrays Passive LC D, or the active array LCD of band thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT), yet also can be that digital modulation becomes or analog-modulated LCD.When with after electronics fluorescence back light source 34 combines, can realize multiple different Presentation Function.
LCD32 comprises polarizer 42 and 44, panel 46 and backboard 48, and two groups of preferably respectively perpendicular x, y electrodes, 56 layers of liquid crystal materials, and limit sealed wall 58.As in conventional LCD, row or x electrode are elongated and form a basic coplane array, and wherein electrode preferably is parallel to each other basically.Y or row electrode 52 are elongated and form a preferably basic coplane array of substantially parallel electrode equally.Like this, every row electrode and every column electrode are overlapping, wherein the pixel of overlapping square of column electrode and row electrode or the rectangular surfaces LCD32 that determined EFLCD30.Like this, the pixel of EFLCD has formed that an arrangement with column electrode 54 parallels and to the array of straight pixel linear rows.In the above-mentioned explanation with reference to Fig. 1, column electrode 54 is scan electrodes, is to be understood that, row electrode 52 also can be used for scanning, and under this situation, the array of corresponding pixel is by column scan.All such distortion are all within the scope of the invention.The following detailed description in detail, sweep signal are applied to column electrode 54, and data-signal is applied to row electrode 52, and sweep signal and data-signal are controlled the transmissivity that light passes through each pixel in it jointly.The said structure of LCD32 and operation are to belong to passive, the conventional LCD of simpler array type.
In the embodiment in figure 1, EFD34 is a panchromatic electronics fluorescence back light source (EFBL), and it provides the red, green and blue look luminous.EFD34 comprises a backboard 72 and panel 74, is positioned at the anode 76 on backboard 72 inside surfaces, and the red, green and blue primary colours phosphor strip 78 that extends on anode.Backboard 72, panel 74 and side plate 82 form a shell, form the vacuum chamber 84 of a sealing in it.First group of gate electrode 86, second group of gate electrode 88 and negative electrode 90 are arranged in the chamber 84.
The filament of negative electrode 90 can be have directly-heated or oxide coating the sort of.In Fig. 1 embodiment, when filament 90 utilizes specified heating voltage to heat, the filament emitting electrons.Apply potential difference (PD) between negative electrode 90 and the anode 76, make the electronics anode of emission of cathode move.When these electron collision phosphor strips 78, red by producing, the green or blue light of phosphor strip responds.Anode over against the surface of LCD32 be high light reflectivity to improve device efficiency.
Utilized three types phosphor strip: first type produces ruddiness, second type of generation green glow, and the third type produces blue light with the response electronics.The light that phosphor strip 78 produces passes chamber 84 and transfers to LCD32 by panel 74.When the pixel of selected LCD32 becomes when light transmissive, the light of phosphor strip 78 emissions will be through these pixels by the image of transmission with the demonstration color that requires.For reaching uniform background light intensity, preferably use the array of the narrow phosphor strip 78 of comparatively dense, wherein the width of each bar is littler than the width of the electrode 52 of LCD or 54.Outside surface and/or inside surface (that is, from vacuum chamber 84 nearer and in abutting connection with the surface of vacuum chamber 84) be that diffusing surface is to increase the homogeneity of back light intensity.
For providing support to panel 74 and backboard 72, even utilize liner 92 to provide enough physical strength so that they also can do quite thinly when panel and backboard have big surface area to the shell of EFD34 with the opposing atmospheric pressure.Utilize this mode, a kind of plate color electronics fluorescence LCD30 is provided, wherein the gross thickness of device 30 can be less than 2cm.
For reducing visual dark area on the display screen, isolator 92 is preferably elongated and has the parts of wedge-shaped cross section, and is as shown in Figure 1, thinner towards the side 92a of LCD32.Two oblique side surface 92b are diffusing surfaces of high reflection, so that the light that will be mapped on it reflexes to LCD32, and then reduce through the visual any dark area of LCD32, and reach the back light of uniform strength.As shown in Figure 1, the layer 94 transparent conducting film on panel 74 inside surfaces preferably; Conducting film 94 has reduced any influence to EFBL34 of external electrical field and magnetic field.
LCD device 32 addressing in a usual manner.Usually, column electrode 54 and corresponding pixel rows sequential scanning one at a time for example, from first row delegation to the end, up to arriving last column, repeat scanning process from the beginning to the end this moment.Simultaneously, data-signal is applied to row electrode 52, the data-signal that wherein is added to the sweep signal of column electrode 54 and is added to row electrode 52 jointly determines whether arbitrary specific pixel shows as transmittance or also determine the transmissivity of pixel simultaneously, and this is that the person skilled in the art knows altogether.Therefore, the detailed operation of LCD30 and mechanism will repeat no more.Because column electrode of the general single pass of LCD30 or a row electrode, for raising the efficiency, the part that needs only to be scanned to LCD provides back light.Therefore, preferably elongated phosphor strip 78 is installed abreast with the electrod-array that is scanned; Under the situation of Fig. 1, bar 78 is parallel to the array of column electrode 54 and installs, and these column electrodes are one of single pass from top to bottom.For example among Fig. 1,, transfer the left side of device 30 to upper surface, so that leftmost column electrode 54 becomes electrode topmost, begin scanning downwards from electrode topmost at the device duration of work.
For raising the efficiency, at scanning 4 or 5 column electrode 54(topmost promptly, adjacent sidewall 58 or 8 electrodes, all be shown among Fig. 1) time, only need utilize negative electrode 90 and gate electrode between side plate 82 and the isolator 92 to produce back light.Like this, a plurality of liners 92 can be set so that this chamber is divided into a plurality of seed cells in chamber 84.Utilize the following control device that describes in detail to apply different voltages then to negative electrode and gate electrode so that negative electrode in each seed cell and gate electrode produce electronics so that only the phosphor strip in the seed cell by the column electrode 54 emission light of scanning just at the same time.Utilize this mode, it is more effective that the work of device 30 becomes.In addition, as shown in the figure, phosphor strip with the alternate installation in rotation ground that repeats (for example red, green, blue, red, green, blue ...).
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the embodiment of explanation addressing of EFLD device of the present invention and control system.For for simplicity, the same parts among the different figure of the application are represented with same numeral.Can control LCD32 with simulating signal, the transmissivity of a plurality of selected pixel in the pixel rows that wherein scans is directly proportional with the amplitude of analog input signal.Under this situation, LCD row driver 102 directly is applied to the analog data signal of the row electrode of LCD32 with generation by analog input control.At this moment, the red, green and blue light pulse that EFBL34 and LCD addressing provide the permanent width of cloth and fixed width synchronously simply is to provide the red, green and blue light of different gray tones, and these light transmit by LCD32.Describe such simulation addressing in detail below with reference to Figure 10 and 11.
Another kind method, each scan period can be divided into 3,6,9,12 ..., (integral multiple with 3 increases) individual fragment, and in every section of scan period, each pixel in the pixel rows that is scanned or the transmittance of closing transmittance fully or opening maximum fully.Synchronous with it, indicative control unit 104 produces the potential pulse of fixing ordered mode and it is applied to EFBL34 to produce the red, green and blue light pulse of fixed mode variable intensity.Every section of the scan period of LCD32 corresponding to each red, green and blue light pulse.By in every section of scan period, selecting transmission or not transmitting each such pulse, realized red, green and blue light transmission by the different gray scales of LCD32.This digit manipulation will be illustrated with reference to Figure 12-15 afterwards.
With reference to Fig. 2, indicative control unit 104 produces the scanning impulse that drives LCD line driver 106 usefulness, and line driver produces the scanning impulse that is used to scan the LCD32 column electrode again.Indicative control unit 104 also produces the RGB data-signal, and these signals are supplied with EFBL driver 108 through RGB scanning element 110.Because the scan period is divided into a plurality of scanning fragments, the input signal of supplying with at 101 places is converted to bit sequence to control which pixel on-off in the pixel rows that is scanned by A/D converter.Such bit sequence is stored in the video memory 114, is provided to LCD row driver 102 then, with switching on and off of pixel in the pixel rows that is scanned among the control LCD32.The operation of A/D converter 112 and memory 114 is by indicative control unit 104 controls.Indicative control unit 104 also produces the digital signal streams of RGB scanning element 110 and EFBL driver 108, be applied to the negative electrode of EFBL34 and the fixed mode voltage signal of gate electrode in order to generation, to produce select in a plurality of fixed mode red, green and blue light signals some.
In Fig. 1 embodiment, LCD32 is the passive array device, does not have active device to be installed to LCD layer 36 next door to drive the LCD pixel.As mentioned above, passive array LCD device speed is slow.In view of this reason, all active array LCD devices are as shown in Figure 3 provided.As shown in Figure 3, the 150th, the synoptic diagram of a conventional active array LCD part, wherein thin film transistor (TFT) 152 adjacent pixels are installed, in order to drive pixel.As can be seen from Figure 3, because conventional color LCD device has used optical filter, only allow a kind of the passing through in red, green or the blue light, these optical filters can not be overlapped, so that every single pixel must comprise subpixel, specifies each subpixel only to transmit red, green or blue light.Therefore, for producing all-wave band polychrome or full-colour image, each pixel must contain at least three subpixel 154.These subpixel generally all stably show with delegation's ground addressing of high relatively frequency so that for the whole three kinds of colors of observer's eyes.Because subpixel is enough little, so the red, green and blue subpixel seems to converge to together to provide the even look of the specific color with gray scale.
Among Fig. 3, the x bus is loaded with the sweep signal of scanning subpixel, and the y bus is loaded with data-signal, the common transmissivity that changes every pixel of sweep signal and data-signal.As seen from Figure 3, be three subpixel of the every pixel of difference addressing, x and y bus have occupied the significant part of viewing area.If used such as the thin film transistor (TFT) of transistor 152 to quicken LCD, then these transistors will take the more multizone of LCD display, thereby further reduce the number percent of the display screen of transmissive light.As noted above, because institute has problems, each subpixel is used two thin film transistor (TFT)s; The shading circuit component has taken the bigger number percent of LCD display area in this case.In view of the foregoing, conventional color LCD can not provide the image of high-quality brightness, and efficient is low.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of an explanation active array color LCD device part of the present invention.Compare with conventional device 150, in device 170 of the present invention, do not use colored filter, every pixel is used to transmit all colors of back light source.Like this, if back light emitted red, green and blue light then will all see through their whole transmission red, green and blue light such as each pixel of pixel 172.Can make the back light source with sufficiently high frequency order emission red, green and blue light, so that can observe polychrome or full-colour image for observer.For reaching the resolution identical with conventional device 150, each pixel 172 can be three times of subpixel 154 of device 150, so that the pixel of device 150 is the same with pixel 172 sizes substantially.Yet, to compare with device 150, device 170 spends in the number percent device 150 of the area on x and the y bus and wants much less, because just enough for one group of line of 172 usefulness of each pixel of addressing, and needs three groups unlike device 150.Another kind method if pixel 172 is made identical with subpixel 154 size of device 150, then spends in x when identical with overhead on y bus and the thin film transistor (TFT), and the resolution of device 170 is 150 three times.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the EFD200 part that is applicable to EFLD of the present invention of explanation most preferred embodiment of the present invention.As mentioned above, produce electronics and control them and sequentially produce red, green and blue light, but be not to produce all light simultaneously to the mobile phosphor strip that makes of phosphor strip.Therefore, wish that the electronics that will produce only is directed to the phosphor strip that produces one of red, green and blue light, be not to be directed to the phosphor strip that produces other two kinds of light simultaneously.Shown in Fig. 1 and 5, the phosphor strip that only produces ruddiness is marked with R, only produces the G that is marked with of green glow, only produces the B that is marked with of blue light.Like this, by from unit 104 and through the specified heating voltage heated cathode 90 of EFBL driver 108 to produce electronics 202.
In the time of will producing ruddiness, appropriate voltage then is added to first group of gate electrode 204 of Fig. 5, thereby makes 202 guiding of electronics phosphor strip R, and do not lead phosphor strip G, B.In the time slot by the EFD200 transmitting green light, the voltage that is added to grid 204 should be such so that electronics only is directed to the phosphor strip that is marked with G.In the time slot that produces blue light is the same, and promptly electronics only is directed to the phosphor strip that is marked with B within it.Usually, this is can be achieved like this: the gate electrode of also aiming at it corresponding to suitable set of phosphor stripes in first group of electrode 204 applies bigger positive voltage and all the other gate electrodes in first group of electrode apply bigger negative voltage.Like this, as shown in Figure 5, each phosphor strip is all aimed at it and is corresponding with it, three gate electrodes are arranged in first group 204, wherein three corresponding electrode are connected together by electrical lead 206, so that when suitable voltage was added to one of three gate electrodes, all three gate electrodes were in identical current potential.Such connection is consistent voltage and has improved the photoemissive homogeneity of EFD200 between three gate electrodes corresponding to a phosphor strip, therefore improved the oeverall quality of using the display of EFD.So its corresponding phosphor strips of three corresponding gate electrodes are aimed at and apply appropriate voltage reduced the electron amount that is directed to other phosphor strips, also reduced the intensity of other coloured light that produce unintentionally.Therefore such feature has reduced the phase mutual interference between adjacent phosphor strip, and has reduced other and do not need the additional light of color.
As previously mentioned, isolator 92 is separated into a plurality of seed cells with chamber 84, so that the light of phosphor strip emission only passes through the pixel transmission in the pixel rows, and does not launch to the pixel corresponding to the phosphor strip in the different seed cells.Like this, by scanning element capable in the light of pixel can be from same seed cell several different phosphor strips produce.Be the homogeneity that further improvement shows, the gate electrode in the seed cell that hope each phosphor strip in the seed cell that produces identical coloured light is also aimed at accordingly provides essentially identical voltage.Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram that especially is beneficial to the connectivity scenario of realizing this purpose.As shown in Figure 6, first group of gate electrode 204 is divided into several son groups, in every son group three gate electrodes arranged, wherein each son group corresponding to and aim at a phosphor strip, wherein the child group corresponding to the phosphor strip that produces ruddiness is marked with " R ".Aims at the phosphor strip that produces green glow and child group correspondingly is marked with " G ", and aims at the phosphor strip that produces blue light and be marked with " B " with its corresponding sub group.Several phosphor strips and corresponding several per three the gate electrode groups that become a son group are contained in each seed cell.As shown in Figure 6, all child groups that are marked with " R " are all connected together by electrical lead 212 and link terminals R 1All child groups that are marked with " G " are all connected together to terminals G by electric wire 214 1All child groups that are marked with " B " are all connected together to terminals B by electrical lead 216 1Therefore, by to three terminals R 1, G 1, B 1Apply suitable voltage, the child group that then is connected to suitable terminals all is in identical voltage, and this has improved the homogeneity of the light intensity that is produced by phosphor strip mutually homochromy in the identical seed cell.
As shown in Figure 6, EFLCD has M cell array altogether, corresponding to the M among the LCD row or column electrode.Therefore M row or column electrode is corresponding to M cell array.This M row or column electrode is divided into the P group, every group has n row or column, wherein phosphor strip (not shown among Fig. 6) also is divided into the P group, aim at and corresponding to one group in the P group row or column electrode for every group, be used for controlling electronic guidance to each gate electrode of P group by being applied to the signal controlling of corresponding three terminals, terminals belong to the set of following terminal: R 1, G 1, B 1; R 2, G 1, B 2R p, G p, B pFor example, still as shown in Figure 6, for child group corresponding to next group of cell array or the corresponding gate electrode of row or column electrode from (n+1) to (2n+1), same, be connected to identical terminals R with all son groups of the corresponding gate electrode of phosphor strip of launching identical coloured light by electrical lead 2, G 2, B 2Other son groups for the gate electrode of organizing phosphor strip corresponding to P also are like this.Like this, when the corresponding cell array of a row or column electrode of first group in the addressing P group, sequentially to terminals R 1, G 1And B 1Apply appropriate voltage,, be used for showing monochrome, polychrome or full-colour image to produce desired back light.In leading location P group not during the corresponding cell array of on the same group row or column electrode, be used for the terminals that the gate electrode group of the row and column electrode of the such particular group of addressing connected and be addressed, so that suitable back light to be provided with the same manner.
The above-mentioned system that is used to produce electronics has used hot filament.The system that being used to of known other types produces electronics is field-emissive cathode or cold cathode, such as Spindt at " applied physics " periodical Vol.47, No.12, micropolar point (Mirotip) structure of introducing first in P.5248.Relevant material also has in " technology review " (Techn ical Note) 1 of glory display company (Coloray Display Corp.), and Oct.1990 is entitled as " review of field emission display technique ".The cross-section illustration of EFBL device 250 is in Fig. 7.As shown in Figure 7, replaced and used elongated heated hot filament, the Microtip cold cathode structure is a pyramidal structure 252, its spike 252a emitting electrons, and electronics is quickened by the potential difference (PD) between negative electrode and the anode, and by 254 controls of grid structure.The taper negative electrode can be arranged on the conductive substrate 256, and wimble structure 252 can be arranged in the hole 260 of electric insulation layer 262.
Fig. 8 is the skeleton view of gate electrode 254 and negative electrode pole tip 252a.Wherein be used for electronic guidance is marked with R ' to the gate electrode of the phosphor strip of red-emitting, or the like.Fig. 9 is to use the sectional view of EFLCD of the EFD250 of Fig. 7.For for simplicity, some layer has dispensed from Fig. 9, is appreciated that device performance when this layer that is omitted occurring can be used for changing.The surface of gate electrode 254 is high light reflectivities, so that reflect light to LCD32 to improve device efficiency.
Shown in Fig. 1 and 5, used second group of gate electrode 88.Roughly the same voltage be added to second group 88 in all gate electrodes on, make in the whole lateral extent of the seed cell of electronics between isolator 92 and side plate 82 that negative electrode 90 produces evenly to distribute.Improved the homogeneity of display like this.But should be understood that if desired, reduce the thickness of EFD especially if desired, this second group of 88 gate electrode can be removed.But in Fig. 9, because second group of electrode 88 ' nearer than ionization electrode 254 from phosphor strip 78, so with group 88 ' replacement group 254 paths with the control electronics, and the guiding electronics only went to the luminous phosphor strip of those hope in any specific moment.
Figure 10 and 11 shows a simulation EFLCD of transmissivity and simulation input signal and the ratio of LCD.Consult Fig. 2,10 and 11, the t of indicative control unit 104 in Figure 10 N1, t N2And t N3Constantly provide pulse 301, each pulse to comprise reset a part and an one-period sweep test.These reset and scanning impulse 301 is added on the LCD32 by the LCD line control unit 106 by unit 104 controls.For response simulation input 101, it is three time sequential pulse t of 32 that LCD row driver 102 is provided at label among Figure 10 Rm, t GmAnd t RmBe the time of synchronizing pulse 301,302, a synchronizing signal SYNC is added on the unit 104.As the response of pulse 301,302, by the transmissivity of choosing pixel of pulse 301,302 addressing by shown in the curve among Figure 10 304.As shown in figure 10, the stable transmissivity in the curve 304 is as at a, b, and the amplitude of the straight portion at c place and pulse 302 is proportional.At synchronous place, be roughly time period of constant in the transmissivity of the pixel of choosing, EFBL34 produces the red, green and blue pulse of constant width and amplitude.
LCD is relatively slow device, and platform is shown in Figure 10, and LCD and needed regular hour length before its transmissivity reaches some steady state values after adding pulse 301,302.For this reason, wish after adding pulse 301,302, choosing t constantly LMake EFBL34 send the light of appropriate color, so that when the transmissivity of pixel reaches maximal value in only elected, produce back light.So just improved the efficient of EFLCD.In one embodiment, the electronics of the sensing phosphor strip that sends from the child group of corresponding gate electrode reaches at 50% o'clock until the transmissivity of choosing pixel, just is directed on the phosphor strip.Since concerning any LCD, t LBe a constant, so used any LCD32 can both be detected to determine t constantly L, and the sequential that applies voltage also can regulate, therefore, and by the sequential of unit 104 with regard to scalable red, green and blue light pulse 303.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram that describes the circuit that produces pulse 302 in detail.Indicative control unit 104 produces scanning impulse 301 with response synchronizing signal SYNC.To respond reference pulse shown in Figure 11 312, described parameter pulse and scanning impulse 301 are synchronous to driver 102 driving data pulses 302 for LCD.At first, reference pulse is postponed a time span T by a deferred mount 314 d, this time T dShould with the T shown in Figure 10 LIdentical.Then, pulse producer 316 produces a corresponding pulse 318, and this pulse shape is identical with pulse 312, but the time is gone up T of relative pulse 312 delays dTime (that is t, L).Such pulse 318 be added to the door 320,322,324 on.Color is selected signal R, and G, B also are added to the remaining input terminal with door, therefore, when the specific color of needs, is unlocked with door accordingly.What be unlocked exports one that drives in corresponding three amplifiers 330,332,334 with door.Amplifier Gain is controlled by the gain control signal on the grid that is added to FET336.Amplifier 330,332,334 output are pulses 302.Therefore gain control signal repeats no more here as coming from by row driver shown in Figure 2 102 in a traditional mode.In Figure 10, can see the time span t of pulse 303 before next scanning impulse FIn be turned off.This has just reduced the phase mutual interference with the following method that will describe.
Figure 12-15 has illustrated that the gray tone that produces various red, green and blues in an alternative embodiment of the invention is to form polychrome or the another kind of addressing of panchromatic demonstration and the structural drawing of control method on EFLCD.Referring to Fig. 2 and 13, the fixed mode red, green and blue pulse that the indicative control unit 104 of Fig. 2 produces as shown in figure 13.As shown in figure 13, pulse 352 comprises a ruddiness pulse, next be the ruddiness pulse of double-width, be that the green light pulse identical with the first ruddiness pulse width and another double the green light pulse of the first green light pulse width then, wherein last green light pulse back is the width blue light pulse identical with green light pulse with the ruddiness of lacking with thereafter another blue light pulse that doubles this blue light pulse.This pattern ad infinitum repeats then.The appropriate voltage that indicative control unit 104 usefulness are added on the suitable gate electrode group (86,204,88 ') realizes above-mentioned pattern.
But light pulse 352 is invisible by LCD32, unless the specific pixel that is scanned is determined transmitted light.Among Figure 13, each scan period is divided into six sections, and in every section, the pixel of choosing or close fully, so it is lighttight, or open fully is so that with transmitted light at utmost.Each section be in corresponding six pulses 352 on sequential.Because of dermatome according to during whether locating out this section of scan period, determine whether the pixel that is scanned becomes the transmittance state, determine that corresponding light pulse 352 is by transmission or be blocked.
In Figure 13,, choose pixel to become the transmittance state at first, the 3rd and the 6th section of the scan period, with three light pulse (1R of transmission, 1, rose 2B), thereby the ratio of transmitted colors R: G: B is 1: 1: 2 a light (dark blue grey) (blue-sheded gray)).Therefore by selecting each in whether six pulses of transmission, just can produce multiple color and composite coloured.
Therefore in Figure 13, during first, the 3rd and the 6th section of scan period, the data that are stored on the LCD electrode are " 1 ", and during second, the 4th and the 5th section, having the data on the LCD electrode is " 0 ", and shown in the square-wave signal 354 among middle Figure 13, this signal is produced by row driver 102, in response to digitized input signal, and be added on the LCD32 by converter 112 and storer 114.Curve 356 according to the transmissivity of the LCD of data 354 also is shown among Figure 13.The light pulse that is transmitted by LCD32 is by pulse 358 explanations.
From above explanation, can notice that each can the four kinds different intensity of brightness in the red, green and blue look are selected (0-3) according to Figure 13.In other words, the gray scale of every kind of color can be represented by two.For 3 gray scales being provided for every kind of color, EFBL color pulsed light 352 should comprise 9 pulses (1R, 2R, 4R; 1G, 2G, 4G; 1B, 2B, 4B).Scan period should be divided into 9 sections, rather than 6 sections.If expect 4 gray scales, EFBL chrominance pulse light 352 should comprise 12 pulses (1R, 2R, 4R, 8R; 1G, 2G, 4G, 8G; 1B, 2B, 4B, unlimited repetition 8B), and the scanning impulse cycle should be divided into 12 parts.So generally speaking, the number of the section that the number of pulse and scan period divide should be three times of desired gray-scale value position.
Figure 14 shows the another kind of structure with essentially identical addressing of Figure 13 and control system.The gray-scale value of pulse 352 is to be obtained by the width that changes light pulse in Figure 13, is constant in the amplitude of this pulse.Substitute the scheme that changes pulse width, the light pulse amplitude can be changed by pulse shown in Figure 14 360.Therefore, pulse 360 has fixing width; But its changes in amplitude.So, making it so that pulse 354 as described above to be provided, indicative control unit 104, RGB scanning 110 and EFBL driver 108 also can make EFBL34 emission light pulse 360, and the generation of the various gray scales of red, green, blue still can be provided according to the above-mentioned explanation of Figure 13 simultaneously.
Figure 12 shows LCD scanning or reference pulse 312, the relative timing of EFBL pulse 352 and LCD356 transmissivity.Under the situation of simulation LCD shown in Figure 10, wish to postpone the generation of EFBL light pulse 352, till the transmissivity of LCD356 reaches its peaked moment.It is about 100 that EFD device 34 of the present invention and 250 produces brightness, 000cd/m 2Above back light pulse, so, even width is compared the image that very little burst pulse also can produce enough brightness with the scan period.For this reason, the efficient of display can be by providing the light from EFLCD only to increase substantially by the very fraction of scan period.
In Figure 12, t ' is the moment that finishes a scan period, thereby the next scan period will be scanned the next line pixel.From the shape of curve 356 as can be seen, pulse 352a preferably is delayed up to the end of scan period almost, and being positioned at constantly herein just, t ' carves the transmissivity maximum of LCD before at this moment.Can cause current just accessed pixel rows and the accessed adjacent image point undesirable phase mutual interference between capable before being right after the t ' moment but do like this, color and intensity of brightness all can change in the t ' moment like this.Illustrated that in Figure 16 and 17 this on the one hand.
Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram of the seed cell 380 of EFD34.As mentioned above, isolator 92 can reduce effectively or or even stop light that a phosphor strip in the seed cell produces with corresponding to the phase mutual interference between the LCD pixel of another different seed cells.Figure 16, the characteristics of the present invention shown in 17 also can reduce with same seed cell in the corresponding pixel rows of phosphor strip between mutual interference mutually.In addition, the capable pixel of the corresponding M of total M column electrode, wherein this M pixel rows is divided into every group of P group that n pixel rows arranged, and every group in a seed cell.Seed cell 380 shown in Figure 16 is in this class seed cell.As shown in figure 16, each in n pixel rows is by indicating numeral 1,2,3 ..., i-1, i, i+1, i+2 ..., one square frame among the n is represented.The direction of scanning is to n from 1.
Amount T among Figure 12 dBe i line scanning pulse and send time-delay between moment of the pulsed light that produces by EFBL among Figure 16, in order to by the capable transmission of i light.With i line scanning pulse be a scanning field of beginning in the cycle, data will feed-in i+1 be capable in order ..., n is capable, the 1st row ... i-1 is capable, and promptly towards the end of field duration, i-1 is capable also by the feed-in data, to open the pixel of choosing in such row.Therefore, in extreme case shown in Figure 16, this moment the 1st, row was to the capable data that just are being loaded with color B of i-1, i is capable of the capable data that just are being loaded with color A of n, if the emission of EFBL pulsed light is deferred to the end of field duration, then pulsed light will be by the capable i-1 that once visited before one or more, i-2, be transmitted, the number of the row that is affected depends on the space between the LCD layer and fluorescence coating among the observation angle of liquid crystal material and the EFLCD.Like this, in order to reduce this phase mutual interference, EFBL needs before the end cycle on the scene T at least LTime finish the emission (negative edge of light intensity) of light pulse, T LProvided by kdtan θ, wherein d is the gap between LCD layer and the fluorescence coating, and θ is the observation angle of liquid crystal material, and k is in EFLCD and the proportional predetermined constant of sweep velocity of LCD.Such configuration is shown in the synoptic diagram of Fig. 7 D.
Above-mentioned EFLCD device can be used on many application scenarios, for example, can be used to produce alphabetic digit and show, with display digit, language character or letter and figure, also can be used for launching the light of different colours, as input signal, such as the function of the amplitude of speed.For example, when EFLCD is used for velograph, when speed is low, show blue light.When speed increases, the color of the light that sends by EFLCD from blue stain to bluish-green to green, then to the yellowish green Huang that arrive again.Warn user or the desired speed of driver time when needs and become salmon pink.When speed arrives the explosive area, the color of the light that EFLCD sends will become redness, and it can be that the continuous ruddiness that glimmers is with warning user, driver or other observer.Said structure is particularly useful for having the control center of a lot of instrument panels demonstrations.Like this, if a large amount of systems operation of control center's control is normal, the EFLCD device on the display board will show green glow.If a particular system breaks away from normal running, the EFLCD of this system of control will show orange redness on the display board.If reach the explosive area unusually, the EFLCD of the display board of this system will show ruddiness.Therefore, if in many subsystems can not be normal, by having orange in many green glows show or the ruddiness demonstration, abnormal system just can be found at an easy rate, and can measure and handle this situation.Above-mentioned this specific sequence software control is easy to realize no matter still use digital form with the above-mentioned simulation of mentioning.Such enforcement is easy to finish from the member to art technology, repeats no more here.Obviously, in the conversion of above-mentioned color, not every sequence all needs, and if necessary and some colors, such as blue, bluish-green or yellowish greenly all can leave out.Also can be simply according to the selection of the color of the traffic red green rule of generally acknowledging in the world today, green light is usually represented the place ahead safety, yellow is a caution signal, redness means danger.
Figure 18 is arranged on the part of one sectional view in a plurality of plates of battle array of flat inserted color display apparatus.This plate of each piece is structurally basic identical with above-mentioned EFLCD device.LCD in the above-mentioned EFLCD device can adopt scanning, for example, be limited between the isolator or isolator and side wall between the seed cell in every group of gate electrode, with respect to other the group gate electrode can be scanned independently.For this reason, used LCD does not need to go with high switching rate the video image of display of high resolution.Point out as top, can constitute by the material of high reflectance over against the surface of LCD anode 76, for example the aluminium film.
A common problem of mosaic display is to constitute concealed wire or the dark space between the adjacent panels in the plate array of mosaic display.In order to weaken this concealed wire or dark space, can to EFD device 34 ' the outside surface of backboard 72 plate 400 sides of extending on use electric conductor 402, link plate 400 in order to control system in Fig. 2 system for example such as system 100.Sidewall 404,406 is thinner than the sidewall of the EFLCD30 among Fig. 1.Except these differences, LCD32 ' and EFD34 ' are identical with LCD32 and EFD34 among Fig. 1 basically.Utilize this structure, the dark space that sidewall 404,406 and conductor 402 cause will be minimized.The thickness of sidewall 404 is approximately less than 5mm.In device 30, sidewall that EFD34 ' is used and isolator be tilt or taper, and timing LCD32 ' has a diffusing surface, further weakens any dark space between the operation panel.It is high-resolution that this structure can provide, the dull and stereotyped monochrome of mosaic, polychrome or panchromatic efficient display board.
Figure 20 shows the time series and the waveform of the simplification of various signals.This sequence and waveform are by control circuit CC ' and CC among Figure 19 " to be produced.Among Figure 20, suppose a TFT-LCD plate as front end unit, the supposition of light unit, the back side has four subdivisions: as shown in Figure 19 1,2,3,4.The line that indicates " TFT-door " refers to the door of control TFT waveform in the LCD plate.Those lines that indicate " L.C. " refer to liquid crystal cells according to the optic response that is stored in the data voltage in each pixel capacitors of TFT-LCD.Those lines that indicate " B.L. " refer to the sequential of the back light pulse of different colours.
It is synchronous that the pulse of LCD conversion process and back light produces sequential.This sequential relationship show when the LCD unit of some subdivisions according to being stored in data in the pixel when being set, other parts that begin the LCD unit that configured to those from the bias light of other subdivision are luminous.
Among Figure 19, at t 0Constantly, scanning impulse 5 is added to the TFT-door of subdivision 1.t 0Constantly, the t zero hour of next scan period 1Before, similar scanning impulse 5 ', 5 ", 5 ' " be added to subdivision 2,3,4 TFT-door.At t 1Constantly, another scanning impulse is added to the TFT door of subdivision 1.The scanning impulse that is added to the TFT door of a subdivision will cause that optical gate (being LCD in this example) changes its transmission characteristics.t 0To t 1Between scan period of time span definition, sweep signal once is added on all row and columns of optical gate of corresponding subdivision during this period.There is a slower response time LCD unit.As shown in figure 10, in subdivision 1 response time of LCD unit up to scan period t 0And t 1Mid point just all open.In order to make the brightness maximum of demonstration, just the back light pulse 15 of subdivision 1 is coupled with when first scan period finishes basically, its this pulse is green (G) light pulse.As shown in figure 10, the green light pulse of generation is directed to the LCD unit of subdivision 1, and this moment, this subdivision LCD unit reached maximum light transmission degree.At t 0Constantly be added to the scanning impulse and the t of the TFT door of subdivision 1 1Sequential relationship between the back light green pulse that constantly slightly before applies is represented with two interpulse arrows 10 in Fig. 1.
The grouping of the gate electrode of backend unit in the subdivision, make 4 subdivisions can distinguish Be Controlled, be possible as the required time delay that reduces of following explanation like this.
As mentioned above, green light pulse 15 and scanning impulse 5 are got in touch with a predetermined sequential relationship, make the brightness maximum of demonstration.Similarly, in that scanning impulse 5 ' " in a certain moment at scan period rear portion, this constantly and t 0Compare more near t 1, being added to after the TFT door of subdivision 4, the LCD unit of subdivision 4 is up to next scan period t 1And t 2Middle the time just can reach its maximal value transmissivity.This means that the back light pulse of introducing the LCD unit of subdivision 4 should be at t in order to make brightness reach maximum 1And t 2Could produce after the intermediate value constantly.
If the back light pulse of all 4 subdivisions produces simultaneously.In order to reach maximum display brightness, to the back side light pulse of the LCD unit of subdivision 1 up to next cycle t 1To t 2Mid point after, or comprise when LCD unit in the subdivision 4 all reaches its maximum transmission rate degree up to all subdivisions and just can produce.If in this case, then the next scanning impulse to the TFT door of subdivision 1 should be delayed, and makes the LCD unit of subdivision 1 keep its maximum transmission rate, and at this moment the back light of all 4 subdivisions is all produced.In other words, required addressing time equals the summation of scan period and LCD cell response time substantially.
By backend unit being divided into subdivision and (promptly with the different subdivision of sequential relationship addressing as shown in figure 20, produce the back light pulse that is directed to 4 LCD unit in the subdivision 4 different moment, the light pulse of each back is delayed according to the scanning impulse of corresponding subdivision), the addressing time is reduced to bigger in scan period and LCD cell response time.Though just enough when being substantially equal to response time of single or other optical gate of LCD the time delay of back light pulse, also can be longer than the response time of other optical gate the time delay of back light pulse, this also belongs to the scope of the invention.Obviously, when longer time of back light delay, will cause the addressing of device to become pave floor with bricks, stones etc.
By LCD being set processing procedure and above-mentioned back optical pulse overlap, have LCD front end unit faster than response time of 5ms and can be used for producing and have 60Hz or the high-quality full color of refresh rate (red/green/indigo plant) image faster.This overlapping processing can be by subdivision by G 1, G 2The subdivision control and the cathode element CE of electrode finish.
Although the present invention describes with reference to various embodiment, should know that the various corrections that do not break away from the scope of the invention are also in the scope of claim protection of the present invention.

Claims (63)

1, a kind of flat panel display equipment comprises:
A liquid crystal material layer;
Be used for the position of addressing on described layer, so that described layer is regulated the device by transmission light intensity on the described layer select location; And
A back light source comprises:
A shell that limits a vacuum chamber within it;
A plurality ofly be installed in described indoor negative electrode;
Make the device of emission of cathode electronics;
A positive plate in described chamber;
The control device that this is indoor is used to make the electronics anode motion of emission of cathode; And
Be installed in this indoor device at anode or close anode, it responds described electronics with generation light and with its guiding liquid crystal material layer.
2, according to the equipment of claim 1, also comprise a box that described layer is housed and supports described device for addressing, this box and described shell are flat and connect together and constitute its thickness approximately less than the flat structure of 2cm.
3, equipment according to claim 1, wherein said back light source can be monochromatic, polychrome or panchromatic, and described equipment does not comprise optical filter.
4, equipment according to claim 1, wherein said device for addressing and described layer constituting word alpha(nu)meric display, the part of single array, active array or many array display.
5, it is about 100 that equipment according to claim 1, wherein said back light source have, 000cd/m 2Above pulse brightness.
6, equipment according to claim 1, described device for addressing comprise an array of row electrodes and with the row electrod-array of column electrode traversed by, also comprise voltage is added to two electrod-arrays to select in the layer device of position that will transmitted light, wherein delegation or multirow electrode and row or plural electrode array intersect, and a pixel is determined in each zone of intersecting between column electrode and the row electrode.
7, equipment according to claim 6, each pixel have a zone, wherein when a pixel is transformed into the transmittance state, allow the whole zone of light by this pixel.
8, equipment according to claim 6; Wherein said light produces and the guide piece order produces and it is red, blue to guide, green glow arrives each pixel, makes when any one pixel changes the transmittance state into, and that the whole zone of this pixel all allows is red, indigo plant or green glow pass through, with demonstration polychrome or full-colour image.
9, equipment according to claim 6 also comprises the prosperous body pipe of a plurality of films, is used to drive the row or column tele-release, and wherein each pixel needs electrode of a no more than transistor driving with the described pixel of addressing.
10, equipment according to claim 6, described pixel constitutes linear array, each cell array aligns mutually with corresponding row or column electrode, and described control device comprises at least one and described row or column electrode and the substantially parallel first grid electrode group of corresponding cell array.
11, equipment according to claim 10, wherein said light produces and guide piece comprises in response to electronics with the radiative phosphor strip of one of three kinds of colors anode, and that described color comprises is red, indigo plant is parallel with gate electrode basically with green, described.
12, equipment according to claim 11, wherein said gate electrode group comprises a plurality of gate electrode groups, each son group also aligns with it corresponding to a phosphor strip, described control device also comprises the time series of predetermined voltage is added on the described gate electrode group, electronics order guiding is produced in proper order first coloured light, second coloured light and the phosphor strip of the 3rd coloured light then.
13, equipment according to claim 12 also is included in the device that is electrically connected all gate electrodes in each son group.
14, equipment according to claim 13, wherein each row or column electrode also aligns with it corresponding to a plurality of phosphor strips, described equipment also comprises the child group that is electrically connected all gate electrodes, and this a little group with one group of row and column electrode and to send the phosphor strip of color of light of the same race corresponding and align with it.
15, equipment according to claim 11, described phosphor strip are configured to an array, and the light-emitting section of wherein launching three kinds of color of light is arranged alternate periodically.
16, equipment according to claim 10, described control device also comprises second group of gate electrode between described first group of gate electrode and negative electrode, and is used for providing on it predetermined voltage to improve the equally distributed device to the electronics of row or column electrode movement.
17, equipment according to claim 10, described column electrode and another column electrode are substantially parallel and be positioned at the same plane that constitutes an array of row electrodes substantially, described row electrode and another row electrode are substantially parallel and be positioned at the same plane that constitutes a row electrod-array substantially, wherein said voltage bringing device provides such voltage, so that change the transmittance state into along selected pixel one next pixel ground in the linear battle array of the pixel of the elongated portion of liquid crystal layer with a delegation or a row electrode align mutually, thereby determine the scanning of a cell array, and linear cell array order corresponding with described row or column electrod-array and that align is with it changed into the transmittance state in electrod-array, thereby determines a scan operation of this equipment.
18, equipment according to claim 17, wherein said generation and guide piece comprise that the response electronics is to the luminous phosphor strip of liquid crystal layer, a kind of luminous with in the multiple color of each bar, it is red, blue and green that described color comprises, described parallel with cell array basically, and wherein one group of phosphor strip that sends a kind of described light of color also aligns with it corresponding to an ergin array.
19, equipment according to claim 18, described shell comprises a panel and the backboard towards liquid crystal layer, described two plates have defined the described chamber between them, described shell comprises that also a plurality of elongated isolators between two plates are divided into a plurality of seed cells to the chamber, the setting of described isolator makes corresponding with one group of pixel battle array and phosphor strip that align mutually is included in the seed cell, thereby reduces the phase mutual interference between the adjacent image point array in the different seed cells.
20, according to the equipment of claim 19, wherein said isolator extends between two plates, bears atmospheric pressure to support this plate, and described isolator is a wedge shape, and a featheredge and a webbing are arranged, and featheredge links to each other with panel to reduce to cause thus the dark space.
21, equipment according to claim 19, described isolator have a diffusion of light face, with the dark space that reduces to be caused by isolator.
22, equipment according to claim 18, described control device comprises one group of gate electrode, this group electrode is divided into gate electrode group, each son is organized corresponding one group of phosphor strip and is aligned with it, with the device that applies data voltage to gate electrode group, so that corresponding set of phosphor stripes is luminous in the one-period of scan operation;
Described voltage bringing device selected electrode in row or column electroplax array provides LC scanning impulse and the electrode in the remaining electrode array that LC is provided data pulse, to select and described one pixel of choosing in the corresponding pixel battle array of electrode, this pixel light passes through; And
Described voltage bringing device is to providing the pulse of EF data voltage with the described corresponding and child group gate electrode that align mutually with it of electrode of choosing, to see through the described pixel of choosing in the pixel rows, order is sent the light of one or more colors, and pulse of described EF data voltage and scanning impulse have predetermined time relation to show monochrome, polychrome or panchromatic data at described pixel rows.
23, equipment according to claim 22, wherein in the next cycle of scan operation,
Described voltage bringing device is to adjacent the choosing electrode that additional LC scanning impulse is provided and provide LC data pulse to remaining electrod-array of the electrode that is scanned with preceding cycle, and to select the pixel of corresponding next pixel battle array, this pixel allows light transmission; And
Described voltage bringing device provides EF data to gate electrode group corresponding with described next line electrode and that align mutually with it, be used for sending the light of one or more colors in proper order through the pixel of choosing of next cell array, the pulse of described EF data voltage is in that pulse has the preset time relation with additional scanning, is used for showing monochrome, polychrome or panchromatic data in described next pixel battle array.
24, equipment according to claim 23, wherein one first predetermined time delay and second schedule time length before next LC scanning impulse arrival of voltage bringing device after previous scanning LC pulse provides each EF data voltage pulse to reduce the phase mutual interference.
25, equipment according to claim 24, wherein said second time span is greater than kd(tan θ), wherein d is the distance between phosphor strip and the liquid crystal layer, and θ is the view angle of liquid crystal, and k is a constant that is inversely proportional to sweep velocity.
26, equipment according to claim 24, wherein said first predetermined time delay are when each EF data voltage pulse is provided, and the transmissivity of choosing pixel by its transmitted light allow to surpass peaked about 50% time.
27, equipment according to claim 23, wherein voltage bringing device provides the LC data pulse that amplitude changes with required image brightness, and therefore described equipment is that an analog gray scale shows LCD.
28, equipment according to claim 27, wherein said device for addressing comprises the M row or column electrode that is divided into the P group, every group has the capable or n row of n, wherein said phosphor strip is divided into the P group, every group with P group row or column electrode in one group corresponding and align with it, wherein voltage and voltage bringing device are when voltage is added on one group of electrode, for the electronics of the phosphor strip appointment of respective sets reaches at 50% o'clock up to transmissivity of choosing pixel of that group row or column electrode of choosing accordingly, just be directed to this phosphor strip.
29, equipment according to claim 28, also comprise the device that is electrically connected and the gate electrode that with it align corresponding with one group of phosphor strip, described connected gate electrode is corresponding to one group of phosphor strip and corresponding row or column electrode, wherein voltage and voltage bringing device are to be provided with like this, so that the time sequence voltage be added to row or column electrode group and corresponding data voltage time sequence is added to corresponding aperture plate utmost point group, to show the monochrome image of different tones, or different brightness, the polychrome of contrast and colourity or full-colour image.
30, equipment according to claim 23, such voltage is provided wherein said voltage bringing device so that the light of the main intensity of choosing of pixel transmission, wherein the variation of data voltage bringing device is added to the voltage of gate electrode to show the monochrome image of different tones, or different brightness, the polychrome of contrast or colourity or full-colour image.
31, equipment according to claim 30, wherein the data voltage pulse has identical amplitude basically, but the width difference.
32, equipment according to claim 30, wherein the data voltage pulse has roughly the same width, but amplitude changes.
33, equipment according to claim 6, wherein said device for addressing comprise an only row bus that links to each other with each column electrode, an only column bus that links to each other with each row electrode.
34, equipment according to claim 1, the wherein said device that makes the emission of cathode electronics comprises the device of heated cathode.
35, equipment according to claim 34, wherein said negative electrode comprise the filament array of an elongated oxide coating, and they are provided with to such an extent that be parallel to each other basically.
36, equipment according to claim 35, the described pixel of forming array comprises the capable pixel that aligns with corresponding row electroplax, and corresponding to the row pixel of row electrode, described control device comprises at least one group and described row or column electrode and the substantially parallel gate electrode of filament.
37, equipment according to claim 1, described negative electrode comprises the tapered field electron emission structure, described control device comprise at least one group with the substantially parallel gate electrode of described row or column electrode, wherein said gate electrode limits its endoporus, described taper negative electrode is positioned at described hole, and its top is exposed and is used for emitting electrons.
38, equipment according to claim 1, described anode between negative electrode and liquid crystal layer, the basic printing opacity of described anode, wherein said gate electrode have in the face of liquid crystal layer with to the catoptrical light reflection surface of liquid crystal layer.
39, equipment according to claim 1, described negative electrode are between anode and liquid crystal layer, and described anode has in the face of liquid crystal layer and light reflection surface, are used for to the liquid crystal layer reflected light.
40, device according to claim 1, described shell has a panel adjacent with liquid crystal layer, so that before arriving liquid crystal layer, pass through described panel earlier by the light that produces and guide piece is launched, described panel have one in the chamber inside surface and an outdoor outside surface, wherein inside surface or outside surface or two surfaces all are diffused lights, and the light that the back light source is sent is evenly distributed to liquid crystal layer.
41, a flat board is inlayed colour display device, comprises a plurality of display boards, and each plate comprises:
A liquid crystal material layer;
The device of addressing on described layer allows described layer in the light intensity of the position adjusted of choosing by described layer; And
A back light,
A shell that defines a vacuum chamber within it;
A plurality of negative electrodes that are located in the chamber;
Make the device of emission of cathode electronics;
Anode in the chamber;
Control device in the chamber is used to make the electronics anode motion of emission of cathode, and
Be located near anode in the chamber or the anode and respond the device of described electronics, be used to produce light and with photoconduction to liquid crystal material layer.
42, according to the device of claim 41, also comprise the box that described layer is housed and supports device for addressing, described box has the sidewall of a thickness less than 5mm.
43, according to the described equipment of claim 41, described shell and box have have outside surface in abutting connection with sidewall, described shell has a backboard, described equipment also comprises the electric connection line on described outside surface and the described backboard.
44, according to the described equipment of claim 41, described shell has a side wall, and this side wall has the inside and outside skewed surface of a part in the face of described liquid crystal layer, and described surface is catoptrical.
45, according to the described device of claim 41, described device for addressing comprises an array of row electrodes and is transverse to the row electrod-array of column electrode, voltage is added to the device of two electrod-arrays with chosen position on the liquid crystal layer of transmitted light, wherein delegation or multirow electrode intersect with row or plural electrode array, and wherein column electrode and the row electrode zone of intersecting forms a pixel; And
Wherein light produces and the guide piece order produces red, indigo plant and green glow and it is directed to each pixel, makes when arbitrary pixel changes the transmittance state into, and that the whole zone of this pixel allows is red, indigo plant or green glow pass through with demonstration polychrome or full-colour image.
46, the method for a kind of display color or monochrome image is used a display device, and this equipment comprises: (a) liquid crystal material layer; (b) back light source comprises (ⅰ) shell that wherein defines vacuum chamber; (ⅱ) be located at a plurality of negative electrodes in the chamber; (ⅲ) make the device of emission of cathode electronics; (ⅳ) anode in the chamber; (ⅴ) be arranged near anode in the chamber or the anode and respond the phosphor strip of described electronics, be used to produce the light of directive liquid crystal material layer; And the gate electrode that (ⅵ) aligns mutually with described phosphor strip, be used to guide electronics to phosphor strip; Described method comprises:
(A) choosing the liquid crystal layer two ends making alive of position, to be adjusted in the light transmission of liquid crystal layer on the described position; And
(B) provide the voltage of a preassigned pattern to gate electrode, make phosphor strip produce the order light pulse of irradiating liquid crystal layer.
47, according to the described method of claim 46, the light of part response electron production first color of wherein said phosphor strip, the light of other phosphor strip response electron production second color, wherein at any one time, described step (B) only is added to voltage and produce on the gate electrode that the phosphor strip of same color of light aligns.
48, according to the described method of claim 46, wherein added voltage is simulated in step (A), and proportional with the amplitude of input signal, and added voltage is such in step (B), and it makes its intensity constant substantially.
49, according to the described method of claim 46, wherein added voltage is in two values any in step (A), so that choose pixel opaque or maximum transmission rate arranged, and wherein in step (B) added voltage be such, its makes order light pulse form a predetermined strength pattern.
50, according to the described method of claim 49, wherein step (B) applies the light pulse that its intensity forms the pattern that increases with 2 power function.
51, according to the described method of claim 50, the light of wherein a part of described phosphor strip response electron production first color, the light of remaining phosphor strip response electron production second color, wherein step (B) produces the light of different colours, and wherein concerning the light pulse of same color, its intensity forms the pattern that increases with 2 power function.
52, according to the described method of claim 47, wherein a part of described phosphor strip produces ruddiness, a part produces green glow, a part produces blue light with the response electronics, step (A) wherein, (B) be such, they make phosphor strip make the light transfer sequence of the different colours that as a whole generation selects from following color transfer sequence: blue light, next be blue green light, green glow, green-yellow light, gold-tinted, orange light, at last to ruddiness, the light sequence of wherein choosing is the function of input signal amplitude.
The image display apparatus of displayed image when 53, observing with an observed ray comprises:
A generally flat front end unit comprises the optical gate array that can independently control, and each optical gate has a zone;
Front control device is used for addressing and the light transmission of controlling optical gate, and is regional by the part of each optical gate of front end unit with the control light-path, shutter region of this subregion qualification;
A generally flat backend unit comprises a plurality of subdivisions, and each subdivision is used for the optical gate that image shows for corresponding one group;
The rear end control device is used to be independent of all the other subdivisions and controls each subdivision, the light pulse that makes each subdivision produce one or more colors from its regional at least a portion, described subregion defines a light emitting area, and this light pulse is guided corresponding optical gate group in the front end unit;
Wherein said front-end and back-end control device makes the light pulse and the phototiming of passing through the corresponding optical gate group in the front end unit from least one subdivision:
54, according to the described device of claim 53, wherein when when positive apparent direction is observed, the summation of the light emitting area of the subdivision of backend unit is substantially equal to or greater than the summation of the shutter region of front end unit optical gate.
55, according to the described device of claim 53, described optical gate array is set up embarks on journey, wherein said front-end control device at a time changes the light transmission of delegation's optical gate, described row has defined a sweep trace of optical gate, when observing with a visual angle, two or multi-strip scanning line overlaid of each subdivision of backend unit and front end unit.
56, according to the described device of claim 53, wherein said rear end control device makes backend unit produces the red, green, blue three primary colours at the kHz place light pulse to show and to refresh static state or dynamic color image, k be on the occasion of, and the response time of the optical gate of wherein said front end unit is approximately faster than 1/3k second.
57, according to the described device of claim 53, wherein front end optical gate unit comprises LCD (LCD) the panel battle array that is addressed.
58, according to the described device of claim 53, wherein said backend unit comprises an anode, cathode element, the cathodeluminescence device, and the device that makes cathode element produce electronics and electronics is moved to the cathodeluminescence device, the light pulse of one or more colors of light-emitting device response electron production.
59,, also comprise a diffusing device between front end unit and backend unit, to eliminate the unevenness of the light that produces by backend unit according to the described device of claim 53.
60, according to the described device of claim 53, wherein the thickness of backend unit approximately is 4-12mm.
61, the method for an image display apparatus of addressing, this device comprises that (a) is roughly flat front end unit, comprise controllable independently capable optical gate and row optical gate, constitute the third hand tap array, described optical gate changes its transmission characteristics according to a signal, described optical gate needs a predetermined response time length add a signal to it after and before the light that is sending by optical gate reaches a predetermined value; (b) generally flat backend unit, be used to produce the light pulse of one or more colors, with photoconduction forward end unit, when from front end unit displayed image during with a view, described backend unit comprises a plurality of subdivisions, so that the light that each subdivision is sent is imported into the row or column of the predetermined number of the optical gate that is used for the image demonstration, the optical gate in the row or column of described pre-numbering has defined the optical gate of corresponding subdivision; Described method comprises:
Sweep signal is added on the row or column of optical gate in the array, to change the light transmission by the optical gate on the described row or column, one of them scan period is defined as the last needed time span of optical gate that sweep signal is added to all row or column; And
Make the subdivision of backend unit luminous on each scan period intercycle ground, this light is imported into its corresponding optical gate, a thereby time delay after sweep signal is added to described corresponding optical gate, light is introduced corresponding optical gate from each subdivision, and described time delay is equal to or greater than the predetermined response to time span of optical gate substantially.
62, according to the described method of claim 61, the wherein said step that applies applies on the row or column of the optical gate of described sweep signal in the array with a sweep frequency, and wherein luminous step to make sweep signal be added to the subdivision of the corresponding optical gate row or column on it in proper order luminous with essentially identical sweep frequency order.
63, according to the described method of claim 61, wherein saidly make luminous step at the kHz place, make backend unit produce the light pulse of red, green, blue three primary colours, to show and to refresh static state or dynamic image, k be on the occasion of, and wherein the described optical gate in the front end unit has one approximately faster than the 1/3k response time of second.
CN 93107603 1992-09-11 1993-06-22 Color fluorescent liquid crystal display Pending CN1083934A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/943,934 US5347201A (en) 1991-02-25 1992-09-11 Display device
US07/943,934 1992-09-11

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CN1083934A true CN1083934A (en) 1994-03-16

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CN 93107603 Pending CN1083934A (en) 1992-09-11 1993-06-22 Color fluorescent liquid crystal display

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MX (1) MX9303729A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100363974C (en) * 2003-12-30 2008-01-23 Lg.菲利浦Lcd株式会社 Apparatus and method for driving liquid crystal display
CN101025485B (en) * 1998-04-10 2011-04-20 冲田雅也 Liquid crystal high-speed driving method
CN104678553A (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-06-03 吴小平 Group scanning laser projection television and multi-area light valve screen matched with same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101025485B (en) * 1998-04-10 2011-04-20 冲田雅也 Liquid crystal high-speed driving method
CN100363974C (en) * 2003-12-30 2008-01-23 Lg.菲利浦Lcd株式会社 Apparatus and method for driving liquid crystal display
CN104678553A (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-06-03 吴小平 Group scanning laser projection television and multi-area light valve screen matched with same

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MX9303729A (en) 1994-05-31

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