CN108392751B - A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation - Google Patents
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation, belong to HIFU Treatment acoustic cavitation monitoring technical field, HIFU radiation is carried out to external imitative body first, and observes using B ultrasound image acquisition device and records the time-space behavior of imitative body cavitation bubble population；The video image about cavitation bubble group's time-space behavior of B ultrasound image acquisition device acquisition is handled；Region of interest and reference area are chosen in each frame B ultrasound image after treatment；Region of interest in each frame B ultrasound image is compared with reference area, calculates the relative p-value for reflecting each frame image acoustic cavitation intensity；The corresponding relative p-value of each frame B ultrasound image obtained according to the step 4, thus judges the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group.This method can be realized the accurate monitoring of generating process and evolution to acoustic cavitation, and monitoring accuracy is high, and monitoring effect is good, and ensure that safety, validity and the repeatability of HIFU Treatment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to HIFU Treatment acoustic cavitation monitoring technical fields, and it is super to be specifically related to a kind of high strong-focusing of real-time monitoring
The method of sound treatment acoustic cavitation.
Background technique
The treatment source of high intensity focused ultrasound (High Intensity Focused Ultrasound, HIFU) is ultrasound
Wave.Generate in focal point that huge energy principle is similar, and the technology is by external low energy focusing ultrasonic wave with solar cooker sunlight focusing
In internal target area, the biological effects such as transient high temperature (60 DEG C or more), cavitation, mechanism are generated in tumour, kill target area
Interior tumour cell.Acoustic energy accurately can be concentrated on predetermined in patient body control by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)
It treats in region, and does not damage the normal tissue organ around the region.These features make HIFU treatment tumour, hemostasis and
Gene/drug transfection etc. is used widely.In HIFU Treatment, when the negative acoustic pressure of HIFU pulse mutually partially passes through liquid
Or when tissue, the gas previously extracted out in existing steam, air void or solution leads to the generation of cavitation bubble.
Researcher points out that cavitation phenomenon is remarkably improved acoustic energy absorption in HIFU Treatment, local tissue temperature is caused quickly to increase,
The biological effects such as blood vessel collapse, the perforation of cell membrane moment, to play an important role to enhancing HIFU curative effect, but in certain situations
Under, the cavitation phenomenon that HIFU causes is also likely to be present potential side effect.For example, unpredictable tissue damage, to normal group
The bad thermal damage knitted or irreversible cellular damage etc..Therefore, in order to guarantee the safety of HIFU Treatment, validity and can weigh
Renaturation needs the relevant technologies of development real time monitoring and quantitative assessment ultrasonic cavitation.On this basis, by adjusting ultrasound parameter
To realize many physical characteristics (such as spatial distribution, generation time, intensity, duration to the HIFU acoustic cavitation behavior caused
Deng) and cavitation effect Effective Regulation.
One-dimensional passive cavitation detection (PCD) technology is acutely collapsed to detect by cavitation bubble using a single array element broadband sensor
The broadband noise signal generated when contracting, but the spatial information of cavitation bubble group can not be provided；The passive cavitation of two dimension proposed in recent years
Mapping techniques can be used for monitoring local acoustical cavitation activity, however, due to the asynchronization of HIFU pulse and monitoring device, the technology
Longitudinal resolution still have certain limitation.
B ultrasound imaging technique can admirably provide change in time and space situation in tissue, thus cavitation bubble by B ultrasound at
As after, it is capable of providing the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble, so as to monitor the time-space behavior in high echogenic area domain in HIFU Treatment, but
Interference problem between HIFU pulse and B ultrasound imaging system scanning sound wave will affect the sky that B ultrasound imaging system monitoring HIFU causes
The activity of change behavior, the sensitivity for causing B ultrasound imaging to generate threshold value for acoustic cavitation is lower, and the gray scale picture of B ultrasound imaging cannot
It is well reflected acoustic cavitation and generates threshold value；Vaezy etc. passes through synchronous HIFU pulse signal and ultrasonic imaging scans sound wave, establishes
About the real-time B ultrasound imaging system of HIFU Treatment, after signal is synchronous, can produce stabilizations and clearly (no interference fringe)
B ultrasound imaging window realize the visualization in the high echogenic area domain to the HIFU generation caused, however, this method has certain lack
It falls into, it is necessary to the B ultrasound instrument or HIFU System of clinical use be reequiped to add corresponding electronic synchronizer unit, be increased whole
The complexity of set system and the compatibility for reducing each equipment between system, thus hinder system in the clinical treatment of different demands
In practical application do not have scalability.
Chinese patent CN2014102296147, disclose it is a kind of based on B ultrasound image realize HIFU Treatment when acoustic cavitation when
Empty quantification monitoring system and method, the system include signal generator, power amplifier, focused transducer, sink, B ultrasound image
Acquisition system, impedance matching circuit, imitative body, ultrasonic probe and three-dimensional movement platform, wherein signal generator, power amplifier,
Impedance matching circuit and focused transducer are sequentially connected, and the waveform signal that power amplifier exports signal generator amplifies, warp
Focused transducer is driven to excite sound field after impedance matching circuit, focused transducer and imitative body are located inside sink, B ultrasound Image Acquisition
System is connected with three-dimensional movement platform, which controls three-dimensional movement platform and drive ultrasonic probe in imitative body surface
Surface radiation；After system platform is built, this method realizes step are as follows: volumetric video image is imitated in acquisition in vitro first；Then interception is empty
Bubble group's all areas；Then the interference of B ultrasound image interference striped is removed；Image cavitation bubble group's region contour is obtained, to region
Pixel counts in profile；Above-mentioned steps finally are done to each frame image, i.e., to each frame image cavitation bubble group region contour into
Row obtains, and counts to pixel in region contour, with pixel quantification cavitation bubble group's area in region contour, is generated
Cavitation bubble group area changes with time rule with frame number change curve to get to cavitation bubble group's area；The patent passes through to B ultrasound
Image carries out gray proces, removes the interference in interference fringe and non-cavitation bubble group region in image: a, extracting at through step 2
Manage the pixel coordinate and gray value of last three frames consecutive image in rear video image；B, optimum gradation threshold value is determined, the gray scale
Threshold value is the highest gray value of interference fringe and non-cavitation bubble group region in the continuous three frames image, and not above cavitation bubble
The minimum luminance value in group region；C, after determining optimum gradation threshold value, since the first frame image of the video image, with two frames
Consecutive image is one group, and the pixel gray value that gray value in two frame consecutive images is less than optimum gradation threshold value is set as 0, other
Pixel gray value is constant, and enhances the picture contrast of two frame consecutive images after processing；D, two frames will connect after step c processing
The continuous identical pixel gray value of image respective coordinates is multiplied after opening radical sign, synthesizes a new images, which filters through 5x5 Gauss
The previous frame image of the two frames consecutive image is replaced after wave smoothing processing, a later frame image remains unchanged and as next group two
Former frame in frame consecutive image；E, the operating process in step c and d to the two frames consecutive image is repeated, to video image
Handled, generate the video image after filtering out interference, this method need not B ultrasound instrument to clinical use or HIFU System into
Row repacking reduces the complexity of whole system, but there are certain defects: filtering out to add corresponding electronic synchronizer unit
It needs that gray threshold is manually set when interference, is so manually set there are certain subjectivity, which may introduce system
Error reduces the detection effect of whole system；In addition image is handled and is used only by MATLAB existing program
The product of upper and lower two field pictures cannot reach accurate treatment effect as a new frame image；Last this method passes through to sky
The precise quantification of bubble group's area realizes the space-time monitoring of acoustic cavitation when to HIFU Treatment, near real-time quantitative monitoring cavitation bubble group's
Generating process and evolution, but be unable to the generating process of Precise Representation monitoring cavitation bubble group only by area and develop feelings
Condition can not play the role of good monitoring.
In conclusion it is existing to HIFU Treatment when acoustic cavitation monitoring technology can not achieve accurate acoustic controlization prison
It surveys, cannot accurately indicate that the generating process and evolution of acoustic cavitation bubble population are unfavorable for reduce monitoring effect
Implement, does not ensure that safety, validity and the repeatability of HIFU Treatment.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, accurate acoustic controlization monitoring, Bu Nengjing be can not achieve
It really indicates the generating process and evolution of acoustic cavitation bubble population, to reduce monitoring effect, is unfavorable for implementing, not
It can guarantee safety, validity and the repeatability of HIFU Treatment.The present invention provides a kind of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound and controls
The method for treating acoustic cavitation, this method can be realized the accurate monitoring of generating process and evolution to acoustic cavitation, and monitoring is quasi-
True property is high, and monitoring effect is good, and ensure that safety, validity and the repeatability of HIFU Treatment.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, a kind of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the invention
Method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: carrying out HIFU radiation to external imitative body first, and simultaneously using the observation of B ultrasound image acquisition device
Record the time-space behavior of imitative body cavitation bubble population；
Step 2: handling the video image about cavitation bubble group's time-space behavior of B ultrasound image acquisition device acquisition；
Step 3: choosing region of interest and reference area in each frame B ultrasound image after treatment；
Step 4: region of interest in each frame B ultrasound image is compared with reference area, calculates and reflect each frame image sound
The relative p-value p of cavitation intensityrelative；
Step 5: the corresponding relative p-value p of each frame B ultrasound image obtained according to the step 4relative, thus judgement is empty
Change the time-space behavior of bubble population.This method can be realized the accurate monitoring of generating process and evolution to acoustic cavitation, prison
It is high to survey accuracy, monitoring effect is good, and ensure that safety, validity and the repeatability of HIFU Treatment.
Further, in the step 2, each frame B ultrasound image is handled, treatment process includes at bandpass filtering
Reason.The frequency centered on the ultrasonic scanning frequency of B ultrasound collector pre-processes acoustic cavitation image using bandpass filtering, eliminates superfluous
Remaining signal influences measurement bring, further improves monitoring accuracy.
Further, in the step 3, according to the treatment region of HIFU Treatment design of scheme, each frame after treatment
It is region of interest that the region comprising cavitation bubble is chosen in B ultrasound image, and the rectangle region that homalographic is chosen near region of interest is
Reference area.It compared to more existing well-known technique, while choosing region of interest and reference area compares, more objectivity, reduces
In the prior art due to error that subjectivity introduces.
Further, the step 4 the following steps are included:
1) subharmonic in each frame B ultrasound image in region of interest and reference area in every scan line per N number of period is calculated
The root-mean-square value of signal；
2) by the root-mean-square value with reference area of rd harmonic signal compare in every scan line in region of interest and reference area
Compared with obtaining the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in every scan line；
3) arithmetic mean of instantaneous value for calculating the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in region of interest, calculates reference
In area in scan line the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal arithmetic mean of instantaneous value；
4) the relative p-value p for reflecting each frame image acoustic cavitation intensity is calculated according to formula (one)relative:
In above formula, pROIIndicate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in region of interest,
pRRIndicate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in reference area.Simultaneously choose region of interest and
Reference area compares, and introduces a relative p-value as the parameter for measuring acoustic cavitation generation threshold value, more objectivity, drop
It is low in the prior art due to the error that subjectivity introduces, further improve monitoring accuracy.
Further, in the step 1):
It is calculated in each frame B ultrasound image in region of interest and reference area in every scan line according to formula (two) per N number of week
The root-mean-square value of the rd harmonic signal of phase,
In above formula, n indicates nth scan line in region of interest or reference area,Indicate region of interest or reference area
The root-mean-square value of rd harmonic signal in middle nth scan line per N number of period, p0.5f(x) it indicates in region of interest or reference area
Rd harmonic signal is per corresponding rd harmonic signal amplitude of N number of period in nth scan line, fsIndicate sweeping for B ultrasound image acquisition device
Retouch frequency, f0.5Indicate the rd harmonic signal frequency in region of interest in nth scan line.The present invention considers the spy of acoustic cavitation
Influence of the resistant frequency to calculated result according to the actual situation improves common root-mean-square value calculation method, is obtained
The root-mean-square value of rd harmonic signal in region of interest and reference area in every scan line per N number of period is more accurate, further
Improve monitoring accuracy.
Further, every scan line last time in region of interest and reference area is obtained according to Shapiro-Wilk checking computation
The distributional difference angle value of harmonic signal.By the way that the root-mean-square value array of region of interest and reference area is input to as parameter
In Shapiro-Wilk check algorithm, the distributional difference of rd harmonic signal in every scan line in region of interest and reference area is obtained
Angle value, it is easy to implement, and the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal is more quasi- in every scan line in region of interest and reference area
Really, monitoring accuracy is further improved.
Further, according to the horizontal α of the significance,statistical of setting and each frame B ultrasound image pair obtained by step 4
The relative p-value p answeredrelative, as the corresponding relative p-value p of B ultrasound imagerelativeWhen less than α, it is believed that the frame B ultrasound image is corresponding
Time point is the time threshold that acoustic cavitation occurs.It is by using the horizontal α of the significance,statistical of setting, B ultrasound image is corresponding
Relative p-value prelativeIt is compared with α, determines the time threshold that acoustic cavitation occurs, sound cavitation effect will gradually after the time point
Accumulation, acoustic cavitation intensity is higher, further improves monitoring accuracy.
Further, filtering bandwidth is set as the 50%- of B ultrasound image acquisition device center operating frequency in pass filter processing
80%.
Further, this method provides the system of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation, which includes appointing
Meaning waveform generator, connect with arbitrary waveform generator power amplifier, connect with power amplifier impedance matching circuit,
Strong-focusing energy converter, imitative body, the ultrasonic probe, the three-dimensional computer control being connect with ultrasonic probe being connect with impedance matching circuit
Kinematic system and with the B ultrasound image acquisition device that connect of three-dimensional computer control kinematic system, wherein strong-focusing energy converter and imitate
Body is placed in sink, and strong-focusing energy converter is placed in imitative body side, which fills degassed water, for imitative body to be immersed in it
In；The waveform signal that the power amplifier exports arbitrary waveform generator amplifies, and drives after impedance matching circuit strong poly-
Burnt energy converter excites sound field, and the B ultrasound image acquisition device control three-dimensional computer control kinematic system drives ultrasonic probe to imitative
Body radiation, observes using B ultrasound image acquisition device and records the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group, thus to the space-time of cavitation bubble group
Behavior is observed, and realization is monitored HIFU Treatment acoustic cavitation.
The utility model has the advantages that
The present invention compared with the prior art, has the advantage, that
1, the method for the present invention method can be realized the accurate monitoring of generating process and evolution to acoustic cavitation, monitoring
Accuracy is high, and monitoring effect is good, and ensure that safety, validity and the repeatability of HIFU Treatment；
2, the method for the present invention is compatible without sacrificial system without the complexity of lifting system, reality in clinical treatment
More convenient simple, strong applicability is realized in border application；
3, the present invention handles each frame B ultrasound image, and treatment process includes bandpass filtering treatment.With B ultrasound collector
Ultrasonic scanning frequency centered on frequency, using bandpass filtering pre-process acoustic cavitation image, eliminate redundant signals to measurement band
The influence come, further improves monitoring accuracy；
4, the present invention compares more existing well-known technique, while choosing region of interest and reference area compares, and draws
Enter a relative p-value as the parameter for measuring acoustic cavitation generation threshold value, more objectivity, reduces in the prior art due to subjectivity
Property introduce error；
5, the present invention according to the actual situation improves common root-mean-square value calculation method, obtained region of interest
It is more accurate with the root-mean-square value of the rd harmonic signal in reference area in every scan line per N number of period, further improve prison
Survey accuracy；
6, the present invention is by being input to Shapiro- as parameter for the root-mean-square value array of region of interest and reference area
In Wilk check algorithm, the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in every scan line in region of interest and reference area is obtained, it is real
It applies conveniently, and the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal is more accurate in every scan line in region of interest and reference area, into one
Step improves monitoring accuracy；
7, the significance,statistical horizontal α of the invention by using setting, by the corresponding relative p-value p of B ultrasound imagerelative
It is compared with α, determines the time threshold that acoustic cavitation occurs, sound cavitation effect will gradually be accumulated after the time point, and acoustic cavitation is strong
Degree is higher, further improves monitoring accuracy；
8, the method for the present invention provides the system of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation, utilizes B ultrasound Image Acquisition
The time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group is observed and recorded to device, to be observed to the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group, realization pair
HIFU Treatment acoustic cavitation is monitored, and further improves the accuracy of monitoring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow chart of steps.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the system of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that area-of-interest and reference zone are intercepted in the same frame image of present system acquisition.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
1, arbitrary waveform generator；2, power amplifier；3, impedance matching circuit；4, strong-focusing energy converter；5, body is imitated；6,
Sink；7, ultrasonic probe；8, three-dimensional computer controls kinematic system；9, B ultrasound image acquisition device.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment one:
The method of a kind of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, to being set in HIFU Treatment scheme
Fixed treatment region carries out HIFU Treatment, generates cavitation phenomenon after HIFU Treatment in this region, generates cavitation bubble group, cavitation
Bubble population changes over time and changes, and is observed by time-space behavior of the B ultrasound image acquisition device to cavitation bubble group, acquires in real time
The image of cavitation bubble group, and record the video data of the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group；Referring to Fig.1, include the following steps,
HIFU radiation is carried out to external imitative body first, and observed using B ultrasound image acquisition device and record imitative body cavitation bubble population when
Null is；Then the video image about cavitation bubble group's time-space behavior of B ultrasound image acquisition device acquisition is handled, to every
One frame B ultrasound image is handled, and treatment process includes bandpass filtering treatment；Sense is chosen in each frame B ultrasound image after treatment
Region of interest and reference area；By in region of interest and reference area in every scan line rd harmonic signal root-mean-square value and reference area into
Row compares, and obtains the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in every scan line；By region of interest in each frame B ultrasound image and ginseng
Examination district is compared, and calculates the relative p-value p for reflecting each frame image acoustic cavitation intensityrelative；Each frame B that last basis obtains
Hypergraph is as corresponding relative p-value prelative, thus judge the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group；According to obtained each frame B ultrasound image
Corresponding relative p-value prelativeObtain relative p-value prelativeVersus time curve, in relative p-value prelativeAt any time
Change curve in, available relative p-value prelativeVariation overall process, corresponding acoustic cavitation overall process is available
Acoustic cavitation corresponding time point occurs.
Embodiment two:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment one, by B ultrasound
The video data of the time-space behavior of the cavitation bubble group of image acquisition device acquisition is stored in computer, in case to the cavitation gas of deposit computer
The video image for steeping the time-space behavior of group carries out subsequent offline image processing；Body is imitated in vitro to the acquisition of B ultrasound image acquisition device
Each frame image is handled in video image, and treatment process includes bandpass filtering treatment, is handled using FIR bandpass filter every
One frame B ultrasound image simultaneously extracts its rd harmonic signal, which is defined as the 1/ of the center operating frequency of Ultrasonic-B probe
The filtering bandwidth of 2, FIR bandpass filters is set as the 50%-80% of the center operating frequency of Ultrasonic-B probe.
Embodiment three:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment one, right
The treatment region set in HIFU Treatment scheme carries out HIFU Treatment, generates acoustic cavitation in this region after HIFU Treatment,
Cavitation bubble group is generated, according to the treatment region of HIFU Treatment design of scheme, packet is chosen in each frame B ultrasound image after treatment
Region containing cavitation bubble is region of interest, and the rectangle region that homalographic is chosen near region of interest is reference area, referring to Fig. 3,
Being located in the middle dark frame is region of interest, and the light frame on the right is reference area, the area equation of region of interest and reference area.
Example IV:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment three, will be every
Region of interest is compared with reference area in one frame B ultrasound image, calculates the relative p-value for reflecting each frame image acoustic cavitation intensity
prelative, specifically includes the following steps:
1) subharmonic in each frame B ultrasound image in region of interest and reference area in every scan line per N number of period is calculated
The root-mean-square value of signal, N value are natural number；
2) by the root-mean-square value with reference area of rd harmonic signal compare in every scan line in region of interest and reference area
Compared with obtaining the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in every scan line；
3) arithmetic mean of instantaneous value for calculating the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in region of interest, calculates reference
In area in scan line the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal arithmetic mean of instantaneous value；
4) the relative p-value p for reflecting each frame image acoustic cavitation intensity is calculated according to formula (one)relative:
In above formula, pROIIndicate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in region of interest,
pRRIndicate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in reference area.According to obtained each frame B ultrasound
The corresponding relative p-value p of imagerelativeObtain relative p-value prelativeVersus time curve, in relative p-value prelativeWith
In the change curve of time, available relative p-value prelativeVariation overall process, corresponding acoustic cavitation overall process can be with
It obtains that acoustic cavitation corresponding time point occurs.
Embodiment five:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on example IV, according to
The subharmonic that formula (two) calculates in each frame B ultrasound image in region of interest and reference area in every scan line per N number of period is believed
Number root-mean-square value,
In above formula, n indicates nth scan line in region of interest or reference area,Indicate region of interest or reference area
The root-mean-square value of rd harmonic signal in middle nth scan line per N number of period, p0.5f(x) it indicates in region of interest or reference area
Rd harmonic signal is per corresponding rd harmonic signal amplitude of N number of period in nth scan line, fsIndicate sweeping for B ultrasound image acquisition device
Retouch frequency, f0.5Indicate the rd harmonic signal frequency in region of interest in nth scan line.
Embodiment six:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment five, according to
Shapiro-Wilk checking computation obtains the distributional difference degree of rd harmonic signal in every scan line in region of interest and reference area
Value, it is by the root-mean-square value and reference area in certain frame image in region of interest in scan line that Shapiro-Wilk, which examines working principle,
Scan line on root-mean-square value be compared, by certain frame image in the scan line of reference area root-mean-square value number and the reference
Root-mean-square value number in area in other scan lines is compared, and obtains reflecting area-of-interest and reference area in the frame B ultrasound image
The distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in the scan line in domain, concrete operations are by each scan line in region of interest in certain frame image
On root-mean-square value array and reference area scan line on root-mean-square value array as parameter be input to Shapiro-Wilk inspection
It tests in program, output result is the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in every scan line in region of interest and reference area,
In the present embodiment, it is calculated by MATLAB software Shapiro-Wilk check problem.
Embodiment seven:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment six, according to
The horizontal α of the significance,statistical of the setting and corresponding relative p-value p of each frame B ultrasound image obtained by step 4relative, root
According to the obtained corresponding relative p-value p of each frame B ultrasound imagerelativeObtain relative p-value prelativeVersus time curve, at this
Relative p-value prelativeIn versus time curve, available relative p-value prelativeVariation overall process, when certain frame B ultrasound
The corresponding relative p-value p of imagerelativeWhen less than α, it is believed that the frame B ultrasound image corresponding time point is the time that acoustic cavitation occurs
Threshold value, i.e., it is believed that stable acoustic cavitation, p have occurred at thisrelativeMore big then corresponding cavitation intensity is higher, for more
, there is p for the first time in frame B ultrasound imagerelativeThe time point of > α can be judged as the time threshold of acoustic cavitation generation, the time point
Sound cavitation effect will gradually be accumulated afterwards.
Embodiment eight:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, first carries out external imitative body
HIFU radiation therapy carries out HIFU radiation to external imitative body using the system of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation and controls
Treat, the system that real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treats acoustic cavitation, referring to Fig. 2, the system include arbitrary waveform generator 1, with
The power amplifier 2 of the connection of arbitrary waveform generator 1, the impedance matching circuit 3 being connect with power amplifier 2 and impedance matching
The strong-focusing energy converter 4 of the connection of circuit 3, imitative body 5, ultrasonic probe 7, the three-dimensional computer control movement being connect with ultrasonic probe 7
System 8 and with the B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 that connect of three-dimensional computer control kinematic system 8, wherein strong-focusing energy converter 4 and imitate
Body 5 is placed in sink 6, and strong-focusing energy converter 4 is placed in imitative 5 side of body, which fills degassed water, for submerging imitative body 5
Wherein；Arbitrary waveform generator 1 is used for the transmitting of ultrasonic signal as source of ultrasound signal, and power amplifier 2 is by random waveform
The ultrasonic signal of the output of generator 1 amplifies, which drives strong-focusing energy converter 4 after impedance matching circuit 3, by force
Focused transducer 4 excites sound field, realizes and carries out HIFU Treatment to the treatment region set in HIFU Treatment scheme, in controlling for setting
It treats and generates acoustic cavitation in region, B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 controls three-dimensional computer control kinematic system 8 and drives ultrasonic probe 7
To imitative body 5 radiate, acoustic cavitation bubble population is monitored, using B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 observe and record cavitation bubble group when
Null is that B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 acquires the moving image of cavitation bubble group in real time, forms the video data of cavitation bubble group,
The video data describes the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group, is based on embodiment seven, B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 is to cavitation gas
The time-space behavior of bubble group is observed, and realization is monitored HIFU Treatment acoustic cavitation.
Embodiment nine:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment eight, in real time
The system that High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treats acoustic cavitation is monitored, arbitrary waveform generator 1 uses the U.S. in the system
Agilent33250A, the power amplifier connecting with arbitrary waveform generator 1 use U.S. ENIA1502, with impedance matching electricity
The strong-focusing energy converter 4 that road 3 connects uses diameter for 10.0cm, and geometry focal length is the strong-focusing energy converter of 10.0cm, portable
Medical B-ultrasonic probe 7 uses U.S. Terason t3000, and the three-dimensional computer control kinematic system connecting with ultrasonic probe 7 uses
U.S. Velmex-Unislide8；Arbitrary waveform generator 1 is used for the transmitting of ultrasonic signal, power amplification as source of ultrasound signal
Device 2 amplifies the output signal of arbitrary waveform generator 1, which drives strong-focusing to change after impedance matching circuit 3
Energy device 4, strong-focusing energy converter 4 excite sound field, and B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 controls three-dimensional computer control kinematic system 8 and drives ultrasound
The imitative body 5 of 7 pairs of probe radiates, and realizes and carries out HIFU Treatment to the treatment region set in HIFU Treatment scheme, in irradiation process,
Ultrasound image is acquired in real time by the control program that portable type b ultrasonic carries, and recording frequency is 14 frames/second, and main control computer passes through
The movement of software control three-dimensional machinery motion platform generates cavitation phenomenon after HIFU Treatment in this region, generates cavitation bubble
Group, while the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group is observed and recorded using B ultrasound image acquisition device 9, B ultrasound image acquisition device 9 is adopted in real time
Collect the image of cavitation bubble group, cavitation bubble group video data is formed, to see to the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group
It surveys, realization is monitored HIFU Treatment acoustic cavitation.In the present embodiment, the working frequency and arteries and veins of strong-focusing energy converter 4 are controlled
It rushes repetition rate distribution and is fixed on 1.12MHz and 100Hz, by adjusting driving pressure (such as P-=7.50) or pulse width (such as
Pulse width is 3000cycles) change irradiation acoustic energy, under the irradiation of different acoustic energies, produced by ultrasonic cavitation in imitative body
The generation time and intensity of raw highlight regions are studied.
Embodiment ten:
A kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation of the present embodiment, is based on embodiment nine, this reality
It applies in example, the working frequency and pulse recurrence frequency distribution for controlling strong-focusing energy converter 4 are fixed on 1.12MHz and 100Hz, drive
Acoustic pressure P-=7.50, pulse width 3000cycles, TerasonB super probe 5C2A center operating frequency in the U.S. is 2.5MHz,
B ultrasound frame per second be 14 frames/second, when taking N=10, calculate resulting relative p-value be 0.1523, for setting level of significance α=
0.5, resulting relative p-value is calculated less than 0.5, therefore occur significant difference on image, it is believed that start to have occurred obvious
Acoustic cavitation, and this time point can be defined as acoustic cavitation generate threshold value.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: those skilled in the art are come
It says, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out HIFU radiation to external imitative body first, and observes using B ultrasound image acquisition device and record imitative body cavitation
The time-space behavior of bubble population；
Step 2: handling the video image about cavitation bubble group's time-space behavior of B ultrasound image acquisition device acquisition；
Step 3: choosing region of interest and reference area in each frame B ultrasound image after treatment；
Step 4: region of interest in each frame B ultrasound image is compared with reference area, calculates and reflect each frame image acoustic cavitation
The relative p-value p of intensityrelative；Specifically:
1) rd harmonic signal in each frame B ultrasound image in region of interest and reference area in every scan line per N number of period is calculated
Root-mean-square value；
2) it by the root-mean-square value with reference area of rd harmonic signal are compared in every scan line in region of interest and reference area, obtains
The distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal on to every scan line；
3) arithmetic mean of instantaneous value for calculating the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in region of interest, calculates in reference area
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line；
4) the relative p-value p for reflecting each frame image acoustic cavitation intensity is calculated according to formula (one)relative:
In above formula, pROIIndicate the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in region of interest, pRRTable
Show the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the distributional difference angle value of rd harmonic signal in scan line in reference area；
Step 5: the corresponding relative p-value p of each frame B ultrasound image obtained according to the step 4relative, thus judge cavitation gas
Steep the time-space behavior of group.
2. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 2, each frame B ultrasound image is handled, treatment process includes bandpass filtering treatment.
3. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 3, choosing according to the treatment region of HIFU Treatment design of scheme, in each frame B ultrasound image after treatment includes cavitation
The region of bubble is region of interest, and the rectangle region that homalographic is chosen near region of interest is reference area.
4. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In step 1:
It is calculated in each frame B ultrasound image in region of interest and reference area in every scan line according to formula (two) per N number of period
The root-mean-square value of rd harmonic signal,
In above formula, n indicates nth scan line in region of interest or reference area,It indicates in region of interest or reference area
The root-mean-square value of rd harmonic signal in nth scan line per N number of period, p0.5f(x) it indicates n-th in region of interest or reference area
Rd harmonic signal is per corresponding rd harmonic signal amplitude of N number of period in scan line, fsIndicate the scanning frequency of B ultrasound image acquisition device
Rate, f0.5Indicate the rd harmonic signal frequency in region of interest in nth scan line.
5. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
In step 2: obtaining in region of interest and reference area subharmonic in every scan line according to Shapiro-Wilk checking computation and believe
Number distributional difference angle value.
6. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
In step 5, each frame B ultrasound image obtained according to the horizontal α of the significance,statistical of setting and by step 4 is corresponding opposite
P value prelative, as the corresponding relative p-value p of B ultrasound imagerelativeWhen less than α, it is believed that the frame B ultrasound image corresponding time point is
The time threshold of acoustic cavitation occurs.
7. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 2, which is characterized in that logical filter
Filtering bandwidth is set as the 50%-80% of B ultrasound image acquisition device center operating frequency in wave processing.
8. the method for real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the party
Method provides the system of real-time monitoring High Intensity Focused Ultrasound treatment acoustic cavitation, the system include arbitrary waveform generator (1), with it is any
The power amplifier (2) of waveform generator (1) connection, the impedance matching circuit (3) being connect with power amplifier (2) and impedance
The strong-focusing energy converter (4) of match circuit (3) connection, imitative body (5), ultrasonic probe (7), the three-dimensional being connect with ultrasonic probe (7)
Computer control kinematic system (8) and the B ultrasound image acquisition device (9) being connect with three-dimensional computer control kinematic system (8),
Middle strong-focusing energy converter (4) He Fangti (5) is placed in sink (6), and strong-focusing energy converter (4) is placed in imitative body (5) side, the water
Slot (6) fills degassed water, for submerging imitative body (5) wherein；The power amplifier (2) is by arbitrary waveform generator (1)
The waveform signal of output amplifies, and drives strong-focusing energy converter (4) to excite sound field, the B ultrasound image after impedance matching circuit (3)
Collector (9) controls three-dimensional computer control kinematic system (8) and ultrasonic probe (7) is driven to radiate imitative body (5), utilizes B ultrasound figure
As collector (9) are observed and record the time-space behavior of cavitation bubble group.
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| CN110075430B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-02 | 南京大学 | Ultrasonic cavitation real-time monitoring method and system based on information entropy |
| CN113040814B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2023-12-22 | 飞依诺科技股份有限公司 | Imaging processing method and imaging processing system of ultrasonic microbubble cavitation equipment |
| CN117838430A (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-04-09 | 天宸(天津)生物科技有限公司 | Glaucoma ultrasonic treatment equipment with self-monitoring function and method thereof |
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