CN108390575B - Converter for ship shore power system - Google Patents

Converter for ship shore power system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108390575B
CN108390575B CN201810258852.9A CN201810258852A CN108390575B CN 108390575 B CN108390575 B CN 108390575B CN 201810258852 A CN201810258852 A CN 201810258852A CN 108390575 B CN108390575 B CN 108390575B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switch
direct current
unit
rectifying
unidirectional conduction
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CN201810258852.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108390575A (en
Inventor
杨奕飞
张茂慧
苏贞
吴百公
何祖军
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Marine Equipment and Technology Institute Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Marine Equipment and Technology Institute Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201810258852.9A priority Critical patent/CN108390575B/en
Publication of CN108390575A publication Critical patent/CN108390575A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a converter device for a ship shore power system, which comprises a rectifying side converter device, an inversion side converter device and a fault removal device; the fault removal device mainly comprises an alternating current switch, a direct current switch, a bypass switch, a grounding switch and a fuse; the control system realizes automatic cutting of different fault ends by controlling the alternating current switch, the direct current switch, the bypass switch and the grounding switch. The invention has the advantages that: the invention can convert the alternating current in the port power grid into the voltage grade and frequency required by the ship, adopts a positive-negative two-stage structure to improve the reliability of the system, adopts a twelve-pulse converter to reduce the input current harmonic wave of the alternating current side, improves the voltage stability rate of the system and reduces the failure rate of equipment; meanwhile, the fault can be automatically and rapidly removed in the operation process through the fault removal device, the uninterrupted power supply in the system power supply process is ensured, and the normal power supply of the ship is not influenced.

Description

Converter for ship shore power system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship shore power systems, in particular to a converter device for a ship shore power system.
Background
With the rapid development of Chinese economy and the continuous expansion of external trade, the production scale of ports is rapidly increased, and the problems of port energy consumption, pollutant discharge and the like are not ignored. The large ship mainly utilizes a diesel generator set to provide ship electricity during the port closing period, and because the diesel generator set needs a large amount of fuel oil (heavy oil or diesel oil), a large amount of sulfides and nitrogen oxides generated in the fuel oil natural process seriously pollute the surrounding environment. In this environment, the use of shore power saves not only non-renewable fuel but also plays a great role in environmental protection.
The ship electric system used in each country is different, and there are three main types: three-phase alternating current 450V/60Hz, three-phase alternating current 6.6kV/60Hz and 400V/50Hz. Because the frequency of the power grid in China is 50Hz, and is different from the power system frequency of most ships which lean against wharfs, in order to realize the power supply of a shore power supply system to the ships, the 50Hz alternating current of the power grid in the port in China must be converted into the voltage level and the frequency required by the ships by utilizing a transformation frequency conversion technology.
The current inland ship shore power installation is a simple frequency conversion device, has the defects of small pulse number and large harmonic content, and adopts direct connection of direct current output ends of three-phase two-level full-control bridge units in the current converter.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the converter device for the ship shore power system, which can convert alternating current in a port power grid into voltage level and frequency required by a ship, realize automatic fault removal of the converter device in the power supply process and prevent power supply termination caused by the fault of the converter device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a converter for boats and ships shore power system, its innovation point lies in: the device comprises a rectifying side converter, an inversion side converter and a fault removal device, wherein the rectifying side converter is connected with a transmitting end alternating current power grid through a three-phase bus of the transmitting end alternating current power grid, and the inversion side converter is connected with a receiving alternating current power grid through a three-phase bus of the receiving end alternating current power grid;
the rectifying side converter device comprises rectifying side converter transformers arranged in parallel and rectifiers connected with the two rectifying side converter transformers, wherein each rectifier comprises a rectifying unit A, a rectifying unit B, a rectifying unit C and a rectifying unit D which are arranged in parallel;
the inversion side converter device comprises inversion side converter transformers arranged in parallel and an inverter connected with the two inversion side converter transformers, wherein the inverter comprises an inversion unit A, an inversion unit B, an inversion unit C and an inversion unit D which are arranged in parallel;
the rectifier and the inverter are formed by connecting two twelve-pulse bridge converters in series, the serial connection nodes are grounded, and after the serial connection, the positive end and the negative end are connected with a unidirectional conduction power diode E and a unidirectional conduction power diode F; each twelve-pulse bridge type converter is formed by connecting two six-pulse bridge type converters in series, and the six-pulse bridge type converters are three-phase full-bridge conversion circuits based on IGBT;
the fault removal device comprises an alternating current switch A and an alternating current switch B which are connected with the rectifying side converter transformer, an alternating current switch C and an alternating current switch D which are connected with the inverting side converter transformer, a direct current switch A and a direct current switch B which are arranged on a circuit connecting the rectifying unit B and the rectifying unit C, a direct current switch C and a direct current switch D which are arranged on a circuit connecting the inverting unit B and the inverting unit C, a direct current switch E and a direct current switch F which are arranged on an inner circuit and an outer circuit connecting the inverting unit A and the inverting unit B, and a direct current switch G and a direct current switch H which are arranged on an inner circuit and an outer circuit connecting the inverting unit C and the inverting unit D;
the fault removal device further comprises a grounding switch A and a grounding switch B which are respectively connected with the rectifying side converter device and the inverting side converter device, and a direct current switch I which is connected with the two grounding switches is arranged between the grounding switch A and the grounding switch B; the fuse A and the bypass switch A are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting rectifying unit A and the rectifying unit B, the fuse B and the bypass switch B are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting rectifying unit C and the rectifying unit D, the fuse C and the bypass switch C are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting inverting unit A and the inverting unit B, and the fuse D and the bypass switch D are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting inverting unit C and the inverting unit D.
Further, the rectifying side converter transformer is a Y/Y/[ delta ] three-winding transformer, and the inverting side converter transformer is a [ delta ]/Y/Y three-winding transformer.
Further, the three-phase bus of the sending end alternating current power grid in-station and the three-phase bus of the receiving end alternating current power grid out-station are both connected with an active filter and a power compensation device.
Further, two ends of the rectifying unit and the inverting unit are sequentially connected with a capacitor, a voltage dividing resistor and an anti-parallel thyristor pair in a bridging mode, and the anti-parallel thyristor pair is formed by connecting a plurality of anti-parallel thyristors A and thyristors B in series.
Further, the fuse A is connected with anodes of thyristors B which are bridged at two ends of the rectifying unit A, and the other end of the fuse A is connected with anodes of unidirectional conduction power diodes E; one end of the bypass switch A is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, and the other end of the bypass switch A is connected with the cathode of the thyristor B which is bridged at the two ends of the second rectifying unit B;
the fuse B is connected with the cathode of the thyristor B which is bridged at the two ends of the rectifying unit D, and the other end of the fuse B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F; one end of the bypass switch B is connected with the anode of the thyristor B which is bridged at the two ends of the rectifying unit C, and the other end of the bypass switch B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F;
the fuse C is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, and the other end of the fuse C is connected with the cathode of the thyristor A which is bridged at the two ends of the inversion unit A; one end of the bypass switch C is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, the other end of the bypass switch C is connected with the direct current switch E, and the other end of the direct current switch E is connected with the anode of the thyristor A which is bridged at the two ends of the inversion unit B;
the fuse D is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F, and the other end of the fuse D is connected with the anode of the thyristor A which is bridged at the two ends of the inversion unit D; one end of the bypass switch D is connected with the cathode of the thyristor A which is bridged at two ends of the inversion unit C, the other end of the bypass switch D is connected with the direct current switch G, and the other end of the direct current switch G is connected with the fuse D.
Further, the fault removal device further comprises a unidirectional conduction power diode A, a unidirectional conduction power diode B, a unidirectional conduction power diode C and a unidirectional conduction power diode D, wherein the unidirectional conduction power diode A is connected with the bypass switch A in parallel, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode A is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E; the unidirectional conduction power diode B is connected with the bypass switch B in parallel, and the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F; the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode C is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode C is connected with the direct current switch F; the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D is connected with the direct current switch D, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D is connected with the direct current switch H;
the other end of the direct current switch F is connected with a direct current switch C, the direct current switch C is connected with a direct current switch I, a direct current switch D and a grounding switch B, and the other end of the grounding switch B is grounded; the other end of the direct current switch I is connected with the direct current switch A, the direct current switch B and the grounding switch A, and the other end of the grounding switch A is grounded; the other end of the direct current switch A is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode A, and the other end of the direct current switch B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode B.
Further, the converter device further comprises a filter inductor A, a filter inductor B and an overvoltage suppression circuit which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the filter inductor A and the filter inductor B, and the overvoltage suppression circuit is a reverse blocking type RC circuit for suppressing overvoltage;
the filter inductor A is connected with the secondary side of the rectifying side converter transformer in series and is connected with the input side of the rectifying side six-pulse bridge type converter in series;
the filter inductor B is connected with the output side of the rectifying side six-pulse bridge type converter in series and is connected with the primary side of the inversion side converter transformer in series.
Further, a fault detection module, a fault comprehensive unit and a unit controller are further arranged in the converter device, the fault detection module comprises a current detection device, a voltage detection device and a temperature detection device, and the output sides of the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are connected with the fault comprehensive unit; the fault comprehensive unit carries out fault comprehensive analysis on the signals sent by the fault detection module and sends the signals to the unit controller.
Common faults are divided into two types, one type is a symmetrical fault and the other type is a crossed fault; the symmetric fault includes: the upper end of the rectifying side converter device is singly failed, the lower end of the rectifying side converter device is singly failed, the upper end of the inversion side converter device is singly failed, the lower end of the inversion side converter device is singly failed, the upper end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inversion side converter device are simultaneously failed, and the lower end of the rectifying side converter device and the lower end of the inversion side converter device are simultaneously failed.
The cross fault includes: the upper end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inversion side converter device simultaneously fail, and the lower end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inversion side converter device simultaneously fail.
When the upper end of the rectifying side converter device is singly failed, the upper end of the inversion side converter device is singly failed, and the upper end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inversion side converter device are simultaneously failed, the automatic fault end cutting control method comprises the following steps:
step one: sequentially closing the direct current switch I, opening the grounding switch A and the grounding switch B;
step two: switching off the converter power device IGBT at the upper end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inverting side converter device;
step three: closing a bypass switch A and a bypass switch C, enabling a fuse A and a fuse C to flow through a larger discharge current, and isolating a fault module by quick fusing;
step four: and sequentially switching off the direct current switch A and the direct current switch C, switching off the alternating current switch A and the alternating current switch C, and automatically cutting off the fault end.
When the lower end of the rectifying side converter device is singly failed, the lower end of the inversion side converter device is singly failed, and the lower end of the rectifying side converter device and the lower end of the inversion side converter device are simultaneously failed, the automatic fault end cutting control method comprises the following steps:
step one: sequentially closing the direct current switch I, opening the grounding switch A and the grounding switch B;
step two: switching off the converter power device IGBT at the lower end of the rectifying side converter device and the lower end of the inverting side converter device;
step three: closing a bypass switch B and a bypass switch D, enabling a fuse B and a fuse D to flow through a larger discharge current, and isolating a fault module by quick fusing;
step four: and sequentially switching off the direct current switch B and the direct current switch D, switching off the alternating current switch B and the alternating current switch D, and automatically cutting off the fault end.
When the upper end of the rectifying side converter device and the lower end of the inversion side converter device simultaneously fail, the automatic fault end removal control method comprises the following steps:
step one: switching off the converter power device IGBT at the upper end of the rectifying side converter device and the lower end of the inverting side converter device;
step two: closing a bypass switch A and a bypass switch D, enabling a fuse A and a fuse D to flow through a larger discharge current, and isolating a fault module by quick fusing;
step three: the grounding switch A and the grounding switch B are sequentially opened, the direct current switch H is closed, the alternating current switch A and the alternating current switch D are opened, and the fault end is automatically cut off.
When the lower end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inversion side converter device simultaneously fail, the automatic fault end removal control method comprises the following steps:
step one: switching off the converter power device IGBT at the lower end of the rectifying side converter device and the upper end of the inverting side converter device;
step two: and closing the bypass switch B and the bypass switch C, and enabling the fuse B and the fuse C to flow through a larger discharge current so as to isolate a fault module by quick fusing.
Step three: the grounding switch A and the grounding switch B are sequentially opened, the direct current switch C is closed, the alternating current switch B and the alternating current switch C are opened, and the fault end is automatically cut off.
When the rectifying unit and the inverting unit have short-circuit faults, the anti-parallel thyristor pair at the fault end is opened in the reaction time of the bypass switch A and the bypass switch C.
The invention has the advantages that: the converter device for the ship shore power system can convert alternating current in a port power grid into voltage grade and frequency required by a ship, the reliability of the system is improved by adopting a positive-negative two-stage structure, the input current harmonic wave of an alternating current side is reduced by adopting a twelve-pulse converter, the voltage stability rate of the system is improved, and the failure rate of equipment is reduced; meanwhile, the fault can be automatically and rapidly removed in the operation process through the fault removal device, the uninterrupted power supply in the system power supply process is ensured, and the normal power supply of the ship is not influenced.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a converter device for a marine shore power system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a shore power hookup for a marine shore power system.
Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of working states of the monopole fault automatic cutting device.
Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the working state of the present invention after the automatic cutting of the cross fault.
Detailed Description
The following examples will provide those skilled in the art with a more complete understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described.
Examples
The current conversion device for a ship shore power system according to this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes a rectifying side current conversion device 1, an inversion side current conversion device 2 and a fault removal device, where the rectifying side current conversion device 1 is connected with a transmitting end ac power grid through a three-phase bus of the transmitting end ac power grid, and the inversion side current conversion device 2 is connected with a receiving ac power grid through a three-phase bus of the receiving end ac power grid.
The rectifying-side converter device 1 includes rectifying-side converter transformers 11 arranged in parallel and a rectifier 12 connecting the two rectifying-side converter transformers 11, and the rectifier 12 includes rectifying units 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d arranged in parallel.
The inverter-side converter device 2 includes inverter-side converter transformers 21 arranged in parallel and an inverter 22 connecting the two inverter-side converter transformers 21, and the inverter 22 includes inverter units 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d arranged in parallel.
The rectifier 12 and the inverter 22 are formed by connecting two twelve-pulse bridge converters in series, the serial connection nodes are grounded, and after the serial connection, the positive end and the negative end are connected with a unidirectional conduction power diode D2 and a unidirectional conduction power diode D6; each twelve-pulse bridge type converter is formed by connecting two six-pulse bridge type converters in series, and the six-pulse bridge type converters are three-phase full-bridge conversion circuits based on IGBT.
The fault removal device includes an ac switch S11 and an ac switch S12 connected to the rectifying-side converter transformer 11, an ac switch S21 and an ac switch S22 connected to the inverting-side converter transformer 21, a dc switch NBS11 and a dc switch NBS12 provided on a circuit connecting the rectifying unit 12b and the rectifying unit 12c, a dc switch NBS21 and a dc switch NBS22 provided on a circuit connecting the inverting unit 22b and the inverting unit 22c, a dc switch NBS23 and a dc switch NBS24 provided on an internal circuit and an external circuit connecting the inverting unit 22a and the inverting unit 22b, and a dc switch NBS25 and a dc switch NBS26 provided on an external circuit connecting the inverting unit 22c and the inverting unit 22 d; the fault removal device further comprises a grounding switch NBGS1 and a grounding switch NBGS2 which are respectively connected with the rectifying side converter device 1 and the inverting side converter device 2, and a direct current switch NBS3 which is connected with the two grounding switches is arranged between the grounding switch NBGS1 and the grounding switch NBGS2; a fuse F11 and a bypass switch D11 provided in the circuit connecting the rectifying unit 12a and the rectifying unit 12b, a fuse F12 and a bypass switch D12 provided in the circuit connecting the rectifying unit 12c and the rectifying unit 12D, a fuse F21 and a bypass switch D21 provided in the circuit connecting the inverting unit 22a and the inverting unit 22b, and a fuse F22 and a bypass switch D22 provided in the circuit connecting the inverting unit 22c and the inverting unit 22D.
The rectifying-side converter transformer 11 is a Y/Y/. DELTA.three-winding transformer, and the inverting-side converter transformer 21 is a DELTA/Y/Y three-winding transformer. The delta-Y connection mode is utilized to enable the phases of alternating currents flowing through two six-pulse bridge converters in the twelve-pulse bridge converters to be different by 30 degrees, so that the output rectification voltage Ud pulsates 12 times in each alternating current power supply period. The three-phase bus of the sending end alternating current power grid of the converter device and the three-phase bus of the receiving end alternating current power grid of the converter device are connected with an active filter and a power compensation device 70.
When the system is operating normally, the fault removal device is normally closed for ac switch S11, ac switch S12, ac switch S21, ac switch S22, dc switch NBS11, dc switch NBS12, dc switch NBS21, dc switch NBS22, dc switch NBS23, dc switch NBS25, ground switch NBGS1, and ground switch NBGS2, and normally open for bypass switch D11, bypass switch D12, bypass switch D21, bypass switch D22, dc switch NBS24, dc switch NBS26, and dc switch NBS 3.
Two ends of each rectifying unit and each inverting unit are sequentially connected with a capacitor C1, a voltage dividing resistor R1 and an anti-parallel thyristor pair 6a and 6b in a bridging manner; and the anti-parallel thyristor pair 6a,6b is formed by connecting a plurality of anti-parallel thyristors in series.
The fuse F11 is connected with anodes of thyristors 6b connected across the two ends of the first rectifying unit 12a, and the other end of the fuse F11 is connected with anodes of unidirectional conduction power diodes D2; one end of a bypass switch D11 is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D2, and the other end of the bypass switch D11 is connected with the cathode of a thyristor 6b which is bridged at the two ends of the second rectifying unit 12 b; the fuse F12 is connected with the cathode of the thyristor 6b which is connected across the two ends of the fourth rectifying unit 12D, and the other end of the fuse F12 is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D6; one end of a bypass switch D12 is connected with the anode of a thyristor 6b which is bridged at the two ends of a third rectifying unit 12c, and the other end of the bypass switch D12 is connected with the cathode of a unidirectional conduction power diode D6; the fuse F21 is connected with the cathode of the power diode D2, and the other end of the fuse F21 is connected with the cathode of the thyristor 6a which is connected across the two ends of the first inversion unit 22 a; one end of a bypass switch D21 is connected with the cathode of a unidirectional conduction power diode D2, the other end of the bypass switch D21 is connected with a direct current switch NBS23, and the other end of the direct current switch NBS23 is connected with the anode of a thyristor 6a which is bridged at the two ends of a second inversion unit 22 b; the fuse F22 is connected with the anode of the power diode D6, and the other end of the fuse F22 is connected with the anode of the thyristor 6a which is connected across the two ends of the fourth inversion unit 22D; one end of the bypass switch D22 is connected with the cathode of the thyristor 6a which is connected across the two ends of the third inversion unit 22c, the other end of the bypass switch D22 is connected with the direct current switch NBS25, and the other end of the direct current switch NBS25 is connected with the fuse F22.
The fault removal device further comprises a unidirectional conduction power diode D1, a unidirectional conduction power diode D4, a unidirectional conduction power diode D3 and a unidirectional conduction power diode D5, wherein the unidirectional conduction power diode D1 is connected with the bypass switch D11 in parallel, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D1 is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D2; the unidirectional conduction power diode D4 is connected with the bypass switch D12 in parallel, and the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D4 is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D6; the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D3 is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D2, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D3 is connected with the direct current switch NBS 24; the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D5 is connected with the direct current switch NBS22, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D5 is connected with the direct current switch NBS 26.
The other end of the direct current switch NBS24 is connected with the direct current switch NBS21, the direct current switch NBS21 is connected with the direct current switch NBS3, the direct current switch NBS22 and the grounding switch NBGS2, and the other end of the grounding switch NBGS2 is grounded; the other end of the direct current switch NBS3 is connected with the direct current switch NBS11, the direct current switch NBS12 and the grounding switch NBGS1, and the other end of the grounding switch NBGS1 is grounded; the other end of the direct current switch NBS11 is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D1, and the other end of the direct current switch NBS12 is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D4.
The unidirectional conduction power diode D1, the unidirectional conduction power diode D3, the unidirectional conduction power diode D4, and the unidirectional conduction power diode D5 are used to limit the potential difference across the fuse F11, the fuse F21, the fuse F12, and the fuse F22, respectively, and can provide a freewheel loop.
The converter device further comprises a filter inductor 31, a filter inductor 32 and an overvoltage suppression circuit 4 which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the filter inductor 31 and the filter inductor 32, wherein the overvoltage suppression circuit 4 is an RC circuit for reverse blocking overvoltage suppression, and the filter inductor 31 and the filter inductor 32 filter harmonic components generated by the converter; the filter inductor 31 is connected in series with the secondary side of the rectifying side converter transformer 11 and in series with the input side of the rectifying side six-pulse bridge type converter; the filter inductor 32 is connected in series with the output side of the above-described rectifying-side six-ripple bridge converter and in series with the primary side of the inverting-side converter transformer 21.
And when a certain twelve pulsating current converter fails, the bypass switch is closed through the control circuit, and the fuse flows through a larger discharge current to be quickly fused, so that a fault module is isolated. Since the bypass switch takes time to react when a short-circuit fault occurs, if current flows through the interior of the inverter, damaged power devices can be further damaged to burst, and the series-connected bidirectional thyristors 6a and 6b have overcurrent protection functions in both forward and reverse directions of the current, so that the bidirectional thyristors 6a and 6b are conducted in the bypass switch reaction time.
The converter is also provided with a fault detection module 75, a fault synthesis unit 76 and a unit controller 73, as shown in fig. 2, the fault detection module 75 mainly comprises a current detection device 51, a voltage detection device 52 and a temperature detection device 53, and the output sides of the current detection device 51, the voltage detection device 52 and the temperature detection device 53 are connected with the fault synthesis unit 76; the detection signals such as voltage, current and temperature collected by the fault detection module 75 are subjected to comprehensive treatment such as voltage division, photoelectric isolation, filtering amplification and the like by a signal processing circuit, then are sent to the A/D converter and the fault comprehensive unit 76 for fault comprehensive analysis, and are sent to the unit controller 73 after the fault comprehensive analysis; and the fault synthesis unit 76 is simultaneously adapted to the fault synthesis of the synchronous grid-connected device. The converter module 71 receives the trigger signal of the driving device 72, realizes control of each converter, and converts the input power grid into the voltage level and frequency required by the ship. The driving device 72 receives the PWM signal sent by the unit controller, and implements PWM control on the power devices in the converter. The unit controller 73 mainly performs the following functions: (1) conditioning the collected signals, converting analog signals into digital signals, and sending the digital signals to the central processing unit 74 as the basis of a control algorithm, and simultaneously used for display and fault protection; (2) forwarding the PWM command output by the cpu 74 to the driving device 72; (3) analyzing, controlling and protecting action triggering is carried out on the input fault comprehensive result; (4) the I/O port of the unit controller 73 is connected to a display device, and transmits display information thereto. Central processor 74) implements overall converter control, and PWM commands are issued by the control algorithm to generate PWM waves through the unit controller 73 for transmission to the drive device 72.
In order to realize the automatic fault removal method of the converter device, the faults are divided into two types, one type is a symmetrical fault and the other type is a crossed fault; the symmetrical faults include: the upper end 101 of the rectifying side converter device 1 alone fails, the lower end 102 of the rectifying side converter device 1 alone fails, the upper end 201 of the inverting side converter device 2 alone fails, the lower end 202 of the inverting side converter device 2 alone fails, the upper end 101 of the rectifying side converter device 1 and the upper end 201 of the inverting side converter device 2 simultaneously fail, and the lower end 102 of the rectifying side converter device 1 and the lower end 202 of the inverting side converter device 2 simultaneously fail.
The cross fault includes: the upper end 101 of the rectifying-side converter 1 and the upper end 201 of the inverting-side converter 2 simultaneously fail, and the lower end 102 of the rectifying-side converter 1 and the upper end 201 of the inverting-side converter 2 simultaneously fail. The following detailed description is made with reference to the drawings
As shown in fig. 3, the automatic fault end cut control method when a single fault occurs in the upper end 101 of the rectifying-side converter device 1, a single fault occurs in the upper end 201 of the inverting-side converter device 2, and a simultaneous fault occurs in the upper ends 101 and 201 of the rectifying-side converter device 1 and the inverting-side converter device 2 includes the steps of:
step one: sequentially closing the direct current switch NBS3, opening the grounding switch NBGS1 and the grounding switch NBGS2;
step two: switching off converter power devices IGBT at the upper end 101 of the rectifying side converter device 1 and the upper end 201 of the inverting side converter device 2;
step three: closing the bypass switch D11 and the bypass switch D21, and enabling the fuse F11 and the fuse F21 to flow through a larger discharge current, so that the fault module is isolated by quick fusing;
step four: the direct current switch NBS11 and the direct current switch NBS21 are sequentially disconnected, the alternating current switch S11 and the alternating current switch S21 are disconnected, and the fault end is automatically cut off.
As shown in fig. 4, when an individual failure of the lower end 102 of the rectifying-side converter 1, an individual failure of the lower end 202 of the inverting-side converter 2, and a simultaneous failure of the lower end 102 of the rectifying-side converter 1 and the lower end 202 of the inverting-side converter 2 occur, the failure-side automatic cut-off control method includes the steps of:
step one: sequentially closing the direct current switch NBS3, opening the grounding switch NBGS1 and the grounding switch NBGS2;
step two: switching off converter power devices IGBT at the lower end 102 of the rectifying side converter device 1 and the lower end 202 of the inverting side converter device 2;
step three: closing the bypass switch D12 and the bypass switch D22, and enabling the fuse F12 and the fuse F22 to flow through a larger discharge current, so that the fault module is isolated by quick fusing;
step four: the direct current switch NBS12 and the direct current switch NBS22 are sequentially disconnected, the alternating current switch S12 and the alternating current switch S22 are disconnected, and the fault end is automatically cut off.
As shown in fig. 5, when a simultaneous failure of the upper end 101 of the rectifying-side converter 1 and the lower end 202 of the inverting-side converter 2 occurs, the failure-side automatic removal control method includes the steps of:
step one: switching off converter power devices IGBT at the upper end 101 of the rectifying side converter device 1 and at the lower end 202 of the inverting side converter device 2;
step two: closing a bypass switch D11 and a bypass switch D22, enabling a fuse F11 and a fuse F22 to flow through a larger discharge current, and isolating a fault module by quick fusing;
step three: the ground switch NBGS1 and the ground switch NBGS2 are sequentially opened, the direct current switch NBS26 is closed, the alternating current switch S11 and the alternating current switch S22 are opened, and the fault end is automatically cut off.
As shown in fig. 6, when a simultaneous failure of the lower end 102 of the rectifying-side converter 1 and the upper end 201 of the inverting-side converter 2 occurs, the failure-side automatic removal control method includes the steps of:
step one: switching off converter power devices IGBT at the lower end 102 of the rectifying side converter device 1 and the upper end 201 of the inverting side converter device 2;
step two: step two: the bypass switch D12 and the bypass switch D21 are closed, the fuse F12 and the fuse F21 flow through larger discharge current, and the fast fusing isolates the fault module.
Step three: the ground switch NBGS1, the ground switch NBGS2, the closed direct current switch NBS24, the open alternating current switch S12 and the alternating current switch S21 are sequentially opened, and the fault end automatic cutting is completed.
The embodiment can realize the rapid and accurate control of the transmitted active power through the effective control of the converter, can damp power oscillation, improve system stability and limit short-circuit current; the serial multiple connection circuit (twelve-pulse converter) is adopted, so that the input current harmonic wave of the alternating current side is reduced, the voltage stability rate of the system is improved, and the failure rate of equipment is reduced; by adopting a bipolar structure, when a certain pole fails, the system automatically detects and isolates the failed pole, and after isolation, the output voltage of the converter device is adjusted to meet the requirements of a shore power supply again, so that the failure is automatically and rapidly removed in the operation process, the uninterrupted power supply in the power supply process of the system is ensured, and the normal power supply of a ship is not influenced.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. A converter for boats and ships shore power system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a rectifying side converter, an inversion side converter and a fault removal device, wherein the rectifying side converter is connected with a transmitting end alternating current power grid through a three-phase bus of the transmitting end alternating current power grid, and the inversion side converter is connected with a receiving alternating current power grid through a three-phase bus of the receiving end alternating current power grid;
the rectifying side converter device comprises rectifying side converter transformers arranged in parallel and rectifiers connected with the two rectifying side converter transformers, wherein each rectifier comprises a rectifying unit A, a rectifying unit B, a rectifying unit C and a rectifying unit D which are arranged in parallel;
the inversion side converter device comprises inversion side converter transformers arranged in parallel and an inverter connected with the two inversion side converter transformers, wherein the inverter comprises an inversion unit A, an inversion unit B, an inversion unit C and an inversion unit D which are arranged in parallel;
the rectifier and the inverter are formed by connecting two twelve-pulse bridge converters in series, the serial connection nodes are grounded, and after the serial connection, the positive end and the negative end are connected with a unidirectional conduction power diode E and a unidirectional conduction power diode F; each twelve-pulse bridge type converter is formed by connecting two six-pulse bridge type converters in series, and the six-pulse bridge type converters are three-phase full-bridge conversion circuits based on IGBT;
the fault removal device comprises an alternating current switch A and an alternating current switch B which are connected with the rectifying side converter transformer, an alternating current switch C and an alternating current switch D which are connected with the inverting side converter transformer, a direct current switch A and a direct current switch B which are arranged on a circuit connecting the rectifying unit B and the rectifying unit C, a direct current switch C and a direct current switch D which are arranged on a circuit connecting the inverting unit B and the inverting unit C, a direct current switch E and a direct current switch F which are arranged on an inner circuit and an outer circuit connecting the inverting unit A and the inverting unit B, and a direct current switch G and a direct current switch H which are arranged on an inner circuit and an outer circuit connecting the inverting unit C and the inverting unit D;
the fault removal device further comprises a grounding switch A and a grounding switch B which are respectively connected with the rectifying side converter device and the inverting side converter device, and a direct current switch I which is connected with the two grounding switches is arranged between the grounding switch A and the grounding switch B; the fuse A and the bypass switch A are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting rectifying unit A and the rectifying unit B, the fuse B and the bypass switch B are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting rectifying unit C and the rectifying unit D, the fuse C and the bypass switch C are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting inverting unit A and the inverting unit B, and the fuse D and the bypass switch D are arranged on the inner circuit of the connecting inverting unit C and the inverting unit D.
2. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rectifying side converter transformer is a Y/Y/[ delta ] three-winding transformer, and the inverting side converter transformer is a [ delta ]/Y/Y three-winding transformer.
3. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the three-phase bus of the sending end alternating current power grid in-station and the three-phase bus of the receiving end alternating current power grid out-station are both connected with an active filter and a power compensation device.
4. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the rectifying unit and the inverting unit are sequentially connected with a capacitor, a voltage dividing resistor and an anti-parallel thyristor pair in a bridging mode, and the anti-parallel thyristor pair is formed by connecting a plurality of anti-parallel thyristors A and thyristors B in series.
5. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fuse A is connected with anodes of thyristors B which are bridged at two ends of the rectifying unit A, and the other end of the fuse A is connected with anodes of unidirectional conduction power diodes E; one end of the bypass switch A is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, and the other end of the bypass switch A is connected with the cathode of the thyristor B which is bridged at the two ends of the second rectifying unit B;
the fuse B is connected with the cathode of the thyristor B which is bridged at the two ends of the rectifying unit D, and the other end of the fuse B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F; one end of the bypass switch B is connected with the anode of the thyristor B which is bridged at the two ends of the rectifying unit C, and the other end of the bypass switch B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F;
the fuse C is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, and the other end of the fuse C is connected with the cathode of the thyristor A which is bridged at the two ends of the inversion unit A; one end of the bypass switch C is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, the other end of the bypass switch C is connected with the direct current switch E, and the other end of the direct current switch E is connected with the anode of the thyristor A which is bridged at the two ends of the inversion unit B;
the fuse D is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F, and the other end of the fuse D is connected with the anode of the thyristor A which is bridged at the two ends of the inversion unit D; one end of the bypass switch D is connected with the cathode of the thyristor A which is bridged at two ends of the inversion unit C, the other end of the bypass switch D is connected with the direct current switch G, and the other end of the direct current switch G is connected with the fuse D.
6. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fault removal device further comprises a unidirectional conduction power diode A, a unidirectional conduction power diode B, a unidirectional conduction power diode C and a unidirectional conduction power diode D, wherein the unidirectional conduction power diode A is connected with the bypass switch A in parallel, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode A is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E; the unidirectional conduction power diode B is connected with the bypass switch B in parallel, and the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode F; the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode C is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode E, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode C is connected with the direct current switch F; the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D is connected with the direct current switch D, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode D is connected with the direct current switch H;
the other end of the direct current switch F is connected with a direct current switch C, the direct current switch C is connected with a direct current switch I, a direct current switch D and a grounding switch B, and the other end of the grounding switch B is grounded; the other end of the direct current switch I is connected with the direct current switch A, the direct current switch B and the grounding switch A, and the other end of the grounding switch A is grounded; the other end of the direct current switch A is connected with the anode of the unidirectional conduction power diode A, and the other end of the direct current switch B is connected with the cathode of the unidirectional conduction power diode B.
7. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the converter device further comprises a filter inductor A, a filter inductor B and an overvoltage suppression circuit which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the filter inductor A and the filter inductor B, wherein the overvoltage suppression circuit is an RC circuit for reverse blocking overvoltage suppression;
the filter inductor A is connected with the secondary side of the rectifying side converter transformer in series and is connected with the input side of the rectifying side six-pulse bridge type converter in series;
the filter inductor B is connected with the output side of the rectifying side six-pulse bridge type converter in series and is connected with the primary side of the inversion side converter transformer in series.
8. A converter device for a marine shore power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the converter device is also provided with a fault detection module, a fault comprehensive unit and a unit controller, wherein the fault detection module comprises a current detection device, a voltage detection device and a temperature detection device, and the output sides of the current detection device, the voltage detection device and the temperature detection device are connected with the fault comprehensive unit; the fault comprehensive unit carries out fault comprehensive analysis on the signals sent by the fault detection module and sends the signals to the unit controller.
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