CN108387128B - Chemical energy storage heat release device and gas water heater - Google Patents
Chemical energy storage heat release device and gas water heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108387128B CN108387128B CN201810250395.9A CN201810250395A CN108387128B CN 108387128 B CN108387128 B CN 108387128B CN 201810250395 A CN201810250395 A CN 201810250395A CN 108387128 B CN108387128 B CN 108387128B
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- heat
- heat exchange
- water
- energy storage
- gas
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 259
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 salt compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- OMOVVBIIQSXZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-(4-acetyloxy-5,9a-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-4,5a,6,9-tetrahydro-3h-pyrano[3,4-b]oxepin-5-yl)-5-formyloxy-3-(furan-3-yl)-3a-methyl-7-methylidene-1a,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroindeno[1,7a-b]oxiren-4-yl] 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoate Chemical compound CC12C(OC(=O)C(O)C(C)CC)C(OC=O)C(C3(C)C(CC(=O)OC4(C)COC(=O)CC43)OC(C)=O)C(=C)C32OC3CC1C=1C=COC=1 OMOVVBIIQSXZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010014357 Electric shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical energy storage and heat release device and a gas water heater, and belongs to the technical field of water heaters; the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchange shell, a first cavity and heat storage salt, and the heat storage salt is filled in a first space formed by the heat exchange shell and the first cavity; the energy storage unit comprises a shell with a second cavity; the connecting pipe connects first cavity and second cavity, and the valve sets up on the connecting pipe. The gas water heater comprises a gas water heater body, a water outlet pipe and a chemical energy storage and heat release device, and the water outlet of the gas water heater body is connected with the water outlet pipe; the heat exchange unit of the chemical energy storage heat release device is arranged on the water outlet pipe to realize heat exchange with water in the water outlet pipe. The invention solves the problems of large installation difficulty and low safety of the traditional gas water heater when the gas water heater processes zero cold water, and improves the zero cold water experience of users using the gas water heater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a chemical energy storage and heat release device and a gas water heater.
Background
The gas water heater is generally installed in a kitchen, a hot water supply pipeline of a terminal tap or a spray header in the bathroom is long, and at the initial stage of using hot water each time, water in the water pipe cannot be heated, so that part of cold water is inevitably discharged when water is used, and the longer the water supply pipeline is, the more the cold water is.
The prior art solutions are as follows:
the instant electric water heater is added in front of the terminal tap to rapidly heat cold water, but the electric water heater needs to introduce a power supply into a water use environment, so that unsafe water is brought to users;
a circulating water pipe is added between the water heater and the terminal faucet, and cold water is circulated to the water heater by a water pump and then is used after being heated, but the difficulty in installation is increased due to the addition of the circulating water pipe;
the hot water storage device is added in front of the terminal faucet, cold water can be mixed with stored hot water and then used, so that the temperature of the cold water can be effectively increased, but if the hot water storage device is not used for a long time, the temperature of the stored hot water can be gradually reduced and then is not used, and if an electric heating device is arranged in the device, unsafe performance can be brought to a user.
The problems of high installation difficulty and low safety in the aspect of zero cooling water of the gas water heater in the prior art are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a chemical energy storage and heat release device and a gas water heater, which can solve the problems of high installation difficulty and low safety caused by introducing a power supply or adding a circulating water pipe when cold water in a water supply pipeline of the gas water heater is heated. The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a chemical energy storage and heat release device, including a heat exchange unit, an energy storage unit, a connection pipe, and a valve; the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchange shell, a first cavity and heat storage salt, and the heat storage salt is filled in a first space formed by the heat exchange shell and the first cavity; the energy storage unit comprises a housing having a second cavity; the connecting pipe is connected with the first cavity and the second cavity, and the valve is arranged on the connecting pipe.
Optionally, the heat exchange unit, the energy storage unit and the connecting pipe form a relatively sealed space, and the sealed space has a certain vacuum degree, so that the flow of fluid substances between the heat exchange unit and the energy storage unit is ensured.
Optionally, the heat exchange unit further comprises a heat storage salt carrier, and the heat storage salt carrier is filled in the first space and is used for loading the heat storage salt.
Optionally, a heat insulation layer is arranged at the contact part of the heat storage salt carrier and the first cavity.
Optionally, the energy storage unit further includes an adsorption material, a second space is reserved between the housing and the second cavity, and the adsorption material is filled in the second space.
Optionally, the heat storage salt adopts a salt compound which can generate at least one fluid state product through endothermic decomposition and release set heat in a set time in the exothermic reverse reaction process.
Optionally, the chemical energy storage heat release device further comprises a heat exchange water pipe, wherein the heat exchange water pipe is arranged on the heat exchange shell and is used for being connected with an external pipeline, so that heat exchange with fluid in the external pipeline is realized.
Optionally, the heat exchange water pipe is wound on the heat exchange shell.
Optionally, the valve is an electromagnetic valve or a mechanical valve.
Optionally, the chemical energy storage and heat release device further comprises a shell, and the heat exchange unit, the energy storage unit and the connecting pipe are arranged in the shell.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a gas water heater, which comprises a gas water heater body, a water outlet pipe and the chemical energy storage and heat release device; the water outlet of the gas water heater body is connected with the water outlet pipe; the heat exchange unit of the chemical energy storage heat release device is arranged on the water outlet pipe to realize heat exchange with water in the water outlet pipe.
Optionally, when the heat exchange water pipe is arranged on the heat exchange shell, two ends of the heat exchange water pipe are respectively connected with the water outlet pipe.
Optionally, the chemical energy storage and heat release device is arranged at a water outlet position close to the water outlet pipe.
Optionally, the gas water heater further comprises a water temperature sensor, a controller and a flow sensor; the sensing end of the water temperature sensor is arranged in the water outlet pipe between the gas water heater body and the chemical energy storage heat release device, the output end of the water temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the water flow sensor is connected with the input end of the controller and used for transmitting detected water flow data in the water outlet pipe to the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the control end of the valve.
Optionally, the gas water heater further comprises a gas pressure sensor, an induction end of the gas pressure sensor is arranged in the heat exchange unit, and an output end of the gas pressure sensor is connected with an input end of the controller; when the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure value in the heat exchange unit is gradually stabilized by the dynamic change value, the controller controls the valve to be closed.
The gas water heater provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects:
when a user uses the gas water heater for bath or other purposes, cold water reserved in the water outlet pipe is rapidly heated in the process of discharging through the chemical energy storage heat release device, electric heating is not needed in the process of storing heat energy and releasing heat energy, a circulating waterway is not needed to be added, the installation and the use process are more convenient, and the zero cold water experience of the user using the gas water heater is improved.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for providing a further understanding of the invention and are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a gas water heater according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a heat exchange unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an energy storage unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4-1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heat storage salt prior to an endothermic reaction in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4-2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an endothermic reaction of a heat storage salt according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4-3 are schematic diagrams illustrating a heat storage salt after an endothermic reaction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a water heater body; 2. a water outlet pipe; 3. a chemical energy storage and heat release device; 4. a water inlet pipe; 5. a spray header; 31. a heat exchange unit; 32. an energy storage unit; 33. a connecting pipe; 34. a valve; 35. a heat exchange water pipe; 311. a heat exchange housing; 312. a first cavity; 313. heat storage salt; 314. a heat storage salt carrier; 321. a housing; 322. a second cavity; 323. an adsorbent material.
Detailed Description
The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the sequence of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of others. The scope of embodiments of the invention encompasses the full ambit of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Embodiments may be referred to herein, individually or collectively, by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. Relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. Various embodiments are described herein in a progressive manner, each embodiment focusing on differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the various embodiments are sufficient to be seen with each other. The structure and the product disclosed in the embodiments correspond to the parts disclosed in the embodiments, so that the description is simpler, and the relevant parts refer to the description of the method parts.
As shown in fig. 1-3, according to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a chemical energy storage and heat release device 3, comprising a heat exchange unit 31, an energy storage unit 32, a connection pipe 33 and a valve 34; the heat exchange unit 31 comprises a heat exchange shell 311, a first cavity 312 and heat storage salt 313, wherein the heat storage salt 313 is filled in a first space formed by the heat exchange shell 311 and the first cavity 312; the energy storage unit 32 includes a housing 321 having a second cavity 322; the connection pipe 33 connects the first chamber 312 and the second chamber 322, and the valve 34 is disposed on the connection pipe 33.
The connection pipe 33 is connected between the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 for achieving heat transfer between the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32. The heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 are installed in parallel in the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 at a set interval, the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 can be cylindrical tanks, the energy storage unit 32 is similar to the heat exchange unit 31 in structure, and the second cavity 322 is used for storing gaseous or liquid substances generated in the chemical reaction process.
Specifically, the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 may be placed on the bottom plate of the inside of the chemical energy storage and release device 3, and in order to ensure stable placement, two grooves may be provided at designated positions on the bottom plate of the chemical energy storage and release device 3 for placing the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32. The heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 may be the same or different in size. The valve 34 is used to open or close the connection pipe 33, thereby achieving movement of the reactants between the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32. The valve 34 functions as an on-off valve, and the valve 34 is opened when heat exchange is required and the valve 34 is closed when heat exchange is not required.
The heat exchange unit 31 can exchange heat with the outside through the heat exchange housing 311 thereof. The gas generated in the endothermic chemical reaction process slowly overflows into the connection pipe 33 through the first cavity 312 and finally enters the inside of the energy storage unit 32, and is stored in the energy storage unit 32 in a gas form or is stored in the energy storage unit 32 in a liquid form after being liquefied when encountering cold. Therefore, the heat exchange housing 311 is generally made of a material having good thermal conductivity, such as metallic silver, metallic copper, metallic aluminum, or a thermally conductive graphite sheet.
In an alternative embodiment, in the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3, the heat exchange unit 31, the energy storage unit 32 and the connecting pipe 33 form a relatively sealed space, and the sealed space has a certain vacuum degree, so that the flowing of the fluid substance and the storage of the flowing substance between the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 are ensured. The vacuum degree is determined according to the volumes of the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32, the specific type of the heat storage salt 313, and other parameters. For example, the vacuum degree is determined to be 10 3 ～10 4 Pa。
In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchange unit 31 further comprises a heat storage salt carrier 314, the heat storage salt carrier 314 filling in the first space for loading the heat storage salt 313. The heat storage salt carrier 314 is used as a carrier of the heat storage salt 313, a plurality of gaps with intervals are arranged in the heat storage salt carrier 314, the heat storage salt 313 is arranged in the gaps to play a certain role in fixing the heat storage salt 313, and meanwhile, the heat storage salt 313 is arranged in the first space in a dispersing way, so that the heat absorption decomposition reaction and the flowing of the flowable substance are facilitated. The heat storage salt carrier 314 may be rock wool.
Optionally, a thermal insulation layer (not shown) is provided at the contact portion between the heat storage salt carrier 314 and the first cavity 312. The heat insulating layer is made of asbestos, and surrounds the rest of the heat storage salt carrier 314 (i.e. the part of the heat storage salt carrier 314 contacted with the first cavity 312) except the part of the heat storage salt carrier 314 contacted with the heat exchange shell 311, so that the heat insulating layer can prevent heat generated in the reaction process from losing from other parts except the heat exchange shell 311.
In an alternative embodiment, the energy storage unit 32 further includes an adsorption material 323, such as rock wool, and a second space is reserved between the housing 321 and the second cavity 322, and the adsorption material 323 is filled in the second space. The adsorption material 323 serves to convert a gaseous substance into a liquid substance while adsorbing the liquid substance.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat storage salt 313 employs a salt compound that is capable of generating at least one fluid state product by endothermic decomposition, and is capable of releasing a set amount of heat during a set period of time by an exothermic reverse reaction process. The heat storage salt 313 performs an endothermic reaction in the heat exchange unit 31, and a product of the heat storage salt 313 enters the heat exchange unit 31 from the energy storage unit 32 through the connection pipe 33 to perform an exothermic reaction. The gas in the product of the heat storage salt 313 can transfer the substance between the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 of the chemical energy storage and release device 3 through the connection pipe 33.
Optionally, the process of chemically reacting the heat storage salt 313 and/or the product should specifically meet the following conditions:
the chemical reaction that absorbs heat can be carried out at an appropriate temperature;
the chemical reaction that releases heat should release a large amount of heat in a short time, and the heat is required to raise the temperature of 5L of water by more than 10 ℃ within 1 min.
Alternatively, a suitable temperature may range from 30 to 50 ℃. Preferably, the appropriate temperature is 40 ℃. The human body is most comfortable when it contacts water at about 3 c higher than normal body temperature.
A first aspect of embodiments of the invention employs the "thermal energy cell" of the thermochemical heat storage principle. The chemical reaction formula is as follows:after the substance A absorbs heat, chemical reaction occurs to generate a substance B and a substance C, wherein the substance B has higher chemical potential energy, and the substance B generated by the reaction is a solid substance and remains in the first cavity 312; the substance C generated by the reaction is a gaseous substance, after the pressure of the gaseous substance in the first cavity 312 increases, the substance C diffuses into the energy storage unit 32 along the connection pipe 33, and becomes a liquid after contacting the low-temperature adsorption material 323 in the energy storage unit 32, and is stored in the energy storage unit 32. After the endothermic reaction is completed, the valve is closedThe gate 34 prevents the liquid substance C in the energy storage unit 32 from vaporizing into a gaseous substance C and coming into contact with the substance B. When heat is needed, the valve 34 is opened, the liquid substance C is gasified into the gaseous substance C and enters the heat exchange unit 31 through the connecting pipe 33 to be in contact with the substance B for chemical reaction to generate the substance A, the heat is released, and the cycle process of energy storage and heat release is completed.
Optionally, the heat storage salt 313 is calcium hydroxide (formula Ca (OH) 2 ) Or sodium bicarbonate (chemical formula is NaHCO) 3 ). As shown in fig. 4-1 to 4-3, when the heat exchange housing 311 obtains external heat, the heat is transferred to the inside of the heat exchange unit 31 through the heat exchange housing 311, and the heat storage salt 313 absorbs the heat to generate a chemical reaction in the form of a+heat→b+c ≡e.g. Ca (OH) 2 +heat- & gtCaO+H 2 O ≡or NaHCO 3 +heat → Na 2 CO 3 +H 2 O+CO 2 E, -; the gas C overflows from the first cavity 312 and diffuses into the energy storage unit 32 along the connecting pipe 33, the gas C becomes liquid after contacting the low-temperature adsorption material 323 in the energy storage unit 32, the more heat is stored in the energy storage unit 32, the more the heat absorbed by the heat exchange unit 31 is chemically changed, the more the heat storage salt 313 is, the more the liquid substance C is stored in the energy storage unit 32, when the pressure balance between the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 is achieved, the heat absorption reaction is complete, the valve 34 is closed, the composition of the heat storage salt 313 in the heat exchange unit 31 is changed, and the substance a is changed into the substance B (such as Ca (OH) 2 To CaO) is added to the adsorbing material 324 of the energy storage unit 32 with a substance C (e.g., H) 2 O). Because of H 2 The boiling point of O is closely related to the magnitude of the gas pressure, e.g. at a gas pressure of 10 4 In Pa, H 2 The boiling point of O is 45.8 ℃; at an air pressure of 10 3 In Pa, H 2 The boiling point of O is 7.0 ℃; therefore, as long as the air pressures of the heat exchange unit 31 and the energy storage unit 32 can be precisely controlled, H can be realized 2 O cyclically changes the gas and liquid states in the two memory cells.
When heat release is needed (i.e., the process of heating the outside), the valve 34 is opened and the contents of the energy storage unit 32Mass C (e.g. H 2 O or CO 2 ) Rapidly diffuses into the heat exchange unit 31 and reacts with the substance B (e.g. CaO or Na 2 CO 3 ) Exothermic reactions take place in the form of B+C.fwdarw.A+ heat, e.g. CaO+H 2 O→Ca(OH) 2 +heat or Na 2 CO 3 +H 2 O+CO 2 →NaHCO 3 +heat, the heat is transferred to the outside through the heat exchange housing 311. The valve 34 can control the diffusion speed of the substance C from the energy storage unit 32 to the heat exchange unit 31, i.e. can control the reaction time and the heat release rate of the substance C and the substance B in the heat exchange unit 31.
In an alternative embodiment, the chemical energy storage and heat release device further comprises a heat exchange water pipe 35, wherein the heat exchange water pipe 35 is arranged on the heat exchange shell 311. The heat exchange water pipe 35 is used for realizing heat storage between the chemical energy storage and heat release device and the hot water flowing through the heat exchange shell 311 from the outside and heat release between the chemical energy storage and heat release device and the cold water flowing through the heat exchange shell 311 from the outside.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchange water pipe 35 is wound around the heat exchange housing 311. The heat exchange water pipe 35 is wound on the heat exchange housing 311, so that hot water or cold water flowing through the heat exchange water pipe 35 can exchange heat with the heat exchange housing 311 for a longer time, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, valve 34 is a solenoid valve or a mechanical valve. When the valve 34 is a mechanical valve, the mechanical valve can be selected from iron pipe clamp valves with the model GJ41X-10Z, and the iron pipe clamp valve can be arranged at the middle position of the connecting pipe 33 and is manually controlled by a user according to the use habit.
In an alternative embodiment, the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 further comprises a housing, and the heat exchange unit 31, the energy storage unit 32 and the connection pipe 33 are disposed inside the housing. The shell has a protection function on the heat exchange unit 31, the energy storage unit 32 and the connecting pipe 33, and an access door can be arranged on the shell so as to facilitate the taking out or putting in of the heat exchange unit 31, the energy storage unit 32 and the connecting pipe 33 in the routine maintenance process.
According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a gas water heater is provided, comprising a gas water heater body 1, a water outlet pipe 2 and the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3; the water outlet of the gas water heater body 1 is connected with a water outlet pipe 2; the heat exchange unit 31 of the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 2 to realize heat exchange with water in the water outlet pipe 2.
Specifically, in the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3, the heat exchange unit 31 is a unit component that absorbs and releases heat, and therefore, the water outlet pipe 2 is provided on the heat exchange housing 311 of the heat exchange unit 31.
As shown in fig. 1, a chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 is arranged on a water outlet pipe 2 at a tail end tap or a spray header 5 of a water outlet pipe 2 of a gas water heater, when a user opens the tail end tap or the spray header 5, a valve 34 is opened, the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 can transmit a substance C stored in an energy storage unit 32 to a heat exchange unit 31 through a connecting pipe 33, heat can be quickly transmitted to cold water flowing through the heat exchange housing 311 through exothermic reaction in the heat exchange unit 31, the effect of zero cold water in the use process of the user is achieved, and meanwhile, the risk of electric shock caused by arranging an electric heating device in the use process of the user is avoided.
In an alternative embodiment, when the heat exchange water pipe 35 is provided on the heat exchange housing 311, both ends of the heat exchange water pipe 35 are respectively connected to the water outlet pipe 2. The heat exchange water pipe 35 is used for connecting the water outlet pipe 2 with the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 to realize heat exchange between the heat exchange unit 31 and the water outlet pipe 2, when hot water flows through the water outlet pipe 2, the valve 34 is opened, the product generated by heat storage salt 313 in the heat exchange unit 31 through endothermic chemical reaction gradually enters the energy storage unit 32 to be stored due to the rising of the air pressure in the heat exchange unit 3, and when the endothermic chemical reaction reaches saturation, the valve 34 is closed; when cold water flows through the water outlet pipe 2, the valve 34 is opened again, and the product enters the heat exchange unit 31 again due to the high air pressure in the energy storage unit 32, and the heat storage salt 313 is regenerated through exothermic chemical reaction, so that the cold water flowing through the water outlet pipe 2 is heated rapidly.
Optionally, the water outlet pipe 2 includes a first section and a second section, the first section is a section from the water heater body 1 to the heat exchange unit 31, the second section is another section from the heat exchange unit 31 to the water outlet end, and the heat exchange water pipe 35 is connected between the first section and the second section. The water outlet pipe 2 is divided into two sections, and the heat exchange water pipe 35 is arranged in the middle of the water outlet pipe, so that a better heat exchange effect can be achieved, and the rapid heating of cold water remained in the water outlet pipe 2 is improved.
Optionally, the gas water heater further comprises a water temperature sensor, a controller and a water flow sensor; the sensing end of the water temperature sensor is arranged in the water outlet pipe 2 between the gas water heater body 1 and the chemical energy storage heat release device 3, the output end of the water temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the water flow sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, the water flow sensor is used for transmitting the detected water flow data in the water outlet pipe to the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the control end of the valve 34. The temperature sensor senses the real-time water temperature in the water outlet pipe 2 and transmits the real-time water temperature to the controller, and the water flow sensor monitors the real-time water flow in the water outlet pipe 2 and transmits the real-time water flow to the controller; the controller controls the opening of the valve 34 based on the real-time water temperature and the real-time water flow. When the real-time water temperature is lower than the preset water temperature in the controller, controlling to open the valve 34, and simultaneously, the controller obtains the actual opening of the valve 34 according to the real-time water flow data, the real-time water temperature and the reaction heat data of the heat storage salt, so that the controller controls the valve 34 to be opened at the actual opening to realize the control of the diffusion speed of the substance C from the energy storage unit 32 to the heat exchange unit 31, namely the control of the reaction time and the heat release rate of the substance C and the substance B in the heat exchange unit 31; when the real-time water temperature is higher than the preset water temperature in the controller, the control closes the valve 34.
Of course, the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 can open the valve 34 to store energy each time hot water flows through the heat exchange water pipe 35, or can open the valve 34 to store energy every few times hot water flows through the heat exchange water pipe 35.
In the gas water heater according to the embodiment of the present invention, after the chemical energy-storage heat-release device 3 is assembled to the water outlet pipe 2, an activation process is required, and the heat-release compound reverse reaction is performed only after the heat-absorption decomposition due to the heat-storage salt 314 in the initial chemical energy-storage heat-release device 3. Thus, the first time the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 is used, an activation operation is required, after which an automatic control can be performed in the manner described above. Of course, embodiments in which the user manually controls the valve 34 are not precluded.
Specifically, when the valve 34 is a solenoid valve, the solenoid valve may be a 2L-15 type solenoid valve, the water temperature sensor may be a thermistor sensor or a PT100 type temperature sensor, the controller may be a BENT brand biaxial controller, the water flow sensor may be an LWGYC type flow sensor, and the water flow sensor is mounted at a position of the water outlet pipe 2 between the gas water heater body 1 and the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3, and is mounted on an outer wall of the water outlet pipe 2 in a sleeved manner at the position. In the present invention, the types of the controller, the electromagnetic valve, the temperature sensor and the water flow sensor are not limited to the above listed types of devices, but a specific device capable of realizing the present invention is provided, and other devices with corresponding functions can be used in the present invention.
Optionally, the gas water heater further comprises a pressure sensor, the sensing end of the pressure sensor is arranged in the heat exchange unit 31, and the output end of the pressure sensor is connected with the input end of the controller; when the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure value in the heat exchange unit 31 reaches the preset air pressure value, the controller controls the valve 34 to be closed. The preset air pressure value is a saturated air pressure value when the fluid decomposition product in the energy storage unit 32 reaches saturation, the preset air pressure value can be written into the controller after the saturated air pressure value in the energy storage unit 32 is measured in advance, or a reference air pressure sensor is added in the energy storage unit 32 to obtain the reference air pressure value in the energy storage unit 32 in real time, and when the air pressure value in the heat exchange unit 31 is equal to the reference air pressure value, the controller controls the valve 34 to be closed. The air pressure sensor is arranged to automatically control the process of storing energy through endothermic reaction in the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3, and is used for realizing more accurate control on the closing of the valve 34 on the basis of controlling the valve 34 by the water temperature sensor, the controller and the water flow sensor, namely, the closing of the valve 34 is judged by the air pressure value sensed by the air pressure sensor, so that the control step of ' when the real-time water temperature is higher than the preset water temperature in the controller ', which is used for controlling the closing of the valve 34 ', of the controller is replaced. Specifically, the air pressure sensor may be an MS5611-01BA type air pressure sensor, the sensing end of the air pressure sensor may be disposed on the inner wall of the first cavity 312 of the heat exchange unit 31, the air pressure value in the heat exchange unit 31 is always in dynamic change from exothermic combination to endothermic decomposition, but when the endothermic decomposition reaction reaches a certain degree, for example, when the decomposition product stored in the heat storage unit 32 reaches a saturated state, the endothermic decomposition reaction of the heat storage salt reaches dynamic balance, at this time, the air pressure value in the heat exchange unit 31 is no longer changed, reaches the preset air pressure value (or is equal to the reference air pressure value of the reference air pressure sensor) pre-stored in the controller, which indicates that the energy storage process of the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 is completed, and the controller can control to close the electromagnetic valve. Thereby realizing the automatic control of the heat storage and release process of the chemical energy storage and release device 3.
In an alternative embodiment, the chemical energy storage and release device 3 is arranged at a position close to the water outlet of the water outlet pipe 2. The cold water is stored between the gas water heater body 1 and the tail end water outlet of the water outlet pipe 2, and the chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 is arranged at the water outlet, so that more cold water stored in the water outlet pipe 2 can be heated.
Similar solutions are sensible heat storage solutions and latent heat storage solutions. Most of sensible heat storage schemes select water as a heat storage medium, gas-heated or electrically-heated water is stored in a tank, and cold water can be mixed with hot water in the tank when flowing through the tank to achieve the aim of raising the water temperature; in the latent heat storage scheme, a phase-change material is selected as a heat storage medium, a large amount of phase-change latent heat of the material in the phase-change process is utilized to store heat, the phase-change material can be selected from inorganic salt or paraffin and other materials, the latent heat has higher heat storage density, but the defects of low heat conductivity, large supercooling degree and the like of the phase-change material limit the practical application.
In the second aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a thermal energy battery, namely a chemical energy storage and heat release device 3 is arranged in front of a terminal tap of a water outlet pipe, and the battery has two processes of charging and discharging, and the thermal energy battery has two processes of charging and heat release. When a user uses hot water for shower, the heat energy battery stores the heat of the hot water in the water outlet pipe 2 gradually, namely, the heat is charged; when the user opens the spray header 5 or the water tap again, the heat energy battery rapidly releases the stored heat to heat the cold water, and the process is exothermic. The heat in the water outlet pipe 2 can be stored through the heat exchange water pipe 35 without electric energy and gas energy participating in heating in the process of charging.
The gas water heater provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problem of zero cold water of the gas water heater by using the method of chemical energy storage. In the process of storing heat energy and releasing heat energy, electric heating is not needed, a circulating waterway is not needed to be added, the installation and the use process are more convenient, and the zero cold water experience of a user using the gas water heater is improved. Physical or chemical bonds between reactants need to be destroyed in the chemical energy heat storage and heat release processes, and the heat storage density is far higher than that of sensible heat energy storage (such as water) and latent heat energy storage, so that the small-volume large-heat storage can be realized. The heat exchange unit and the energy storage unit in the chemical energy storage heat release device can be separated by the valve, substances in the heat exchange unit and the energy storage unit are in a separation state in the energy storage stage, chemical energy cannot be influenced by external temperature conditions, placement time and other conditions, and the heat preservation treatment is not needed for a long time.
The above description of embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method and core idea of the invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the detailed description and the application scope in accordance with the idea of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The gas water heater is characterized by comprising a gas water heater body, a water outlet pipe and a chemical energy storage and heat release device; the chemical energy storage and heat release device comprises a heat exchange unit, an energy storage unit, a connecting pipe and a valve; the heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchange shell, a first cavity and heat storage salt, and the heat storage salt is filled in a first space formed by the heat exchange shell and the first cavity; the heat exchange unit further comprises a heat storage salt carrier, wherein the heat storage salt carrier is filled in the first space and is used for loading the heat storage salt; the energy storage unit comprises a housing having a second cavity; the connecting pipe is connected with the first cavity and the second cavity, and the valve is arranged on the connecting pipe; the water outlet of the gas water heater body is connected with the water outlet pipe; the heat exchange unit of the chemical energy storage heat release device is arranged on the water outlet pipe to realize heat exchange with water in the water outlet pipe;
the gas water heater also comprises a water temperature sensor, a controller and a water flow sensor; the sensing end of the water temperature sensor is arranged in the water outlet pipe between the gas water heater body and the chemical energy storage and heat release device, the output end of the water temperature sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the water flow sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected with the control end of the valve; the water temperature sensor senses the real-time water temperature in the water outlet pipe and transmits the real-time water temperature to the controller, and the water flow sensor monitors the real-time water flow in the water outlet pipe and transmits the real-time water flow to the controller; the controller controls the opening of the valve according to the real-time water temperature and the real-time water flow; when the real-time water temperature is lower than the preset water temperature in the controller, controlling to open the valve, and obtaining the actual opening of the valve by the controller according to the real-time water flow data, the real-time water temperature and the reaction heat data of the heat storage salt, so that the valve is controlled to be opened by the controller according to the actual opening; and when the real-time water temperature is higher than the preset water temperature in the controller, controlling to close the valve.
2. The gas water heater of claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit further comprises an adsorption material, a second space is reserved between the housing and the second cavity, and the adsorption material is filled in the second space.
3. The gas water heater as recited in claim 1, wherein the heat storage salt is a salt compound that is decomposed by heat absorption to generate at least one fluid state product, and the exothermic reverse reaction process releases the set heat in a set time.
4. The gas water heater of claim 1, further comprising a heat exchange water tube disposed on the heat exchange housing for connection with an external conduit for effecting heat exchange with fluid within the external conduit.
5. The gas water heater as recited in claim 4, wherein the heat exchange water tube is wrapped around the heat exchange housing.
6. The gas water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve is a solenoid valve or a mechanical valve.
7. The gas water heater according to claim 4, wherein when the chemical energy storage and heat release device comprises the heat exchange water pipe, two ends of the heat exchange water pipe are respectively connected to the water outlet pipe.
8. The gas water heater of claim 1, wherein the chemical energy storage and heat release device is disposed at a water outlet position near the water outlet pipe.
9. The gas water heater according to claim 1, further comprising a gas pressure sensor, wherein an induction end of the gas pressure sensor is arranged in the heat exchange unit, and an output end of the gas pressure sensor is connected with an input end of the controller; when the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure value in the heat exchange unit reaches a preset air pressure value, the controller controls the valve to be closed; the preset air pressure value is a saturated air pressure value when the fluid decomposition products in the energy storage unit reach saturation.
10. The gas water heater according to claim 1, further comprising a gas pressure sensor, wherein an induction end of the gas pressure sensor is arranged in the heat exchange unit, a reference gas pressure sensor is added in the energy storage unit, the reference gas pressure sensor is used for acquiring a reference gas pressure value in the energy storage unit in real time, and the controller controls the valve to be closed when the gas pressure value in the heat exchange unit is equal to the reference gas pressure value.
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| CN201810250395.9A CN108387128B (en) | 2018-03-26 | 2018-03-26 | Chemical energy storage heat release device and gas water heater |
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| PL237940B1 (en) * | 2019-02-16 | 2021-06-14 | Starzynski Krzysztof | Central heating boiler |
| CN113217986B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-06-10 | 董荣华 | Chemical heat accumulator and heating system adopting same |
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| CN108387128A (en) | 2018-08-10 |
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