CN108386728A - Pipeline leakage detection method and system - Google Patents
Pipeline leakage detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pipeline leakage detection method and systems, are designed to improve pipeline leakage testing precision.Inventive pipeline leakage detection method and system, the cross-power spectral density of analysis two adjacent groups vibrating sensor acquisition signalAmplitudeWith phase (ω) information, in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density, non-dispersion frequency section is found, calculates the difference of the corresponding derivative value in two consecutive number strong points, by the difference compared with threshold value δ, if there is continuum [φ 'i(ω),φ′i+M(ω)] in error between adjacent value be both less than threshold value, then choose [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] and be used as non-dispersion frequency section, if finding non-dispersion frequency section, there are leakage points on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors.The present invention is fixedly mounted on underground pipe network and realizes that long-term pipeline Gernral Check-up, leak detection and positioning, the technology of the non-frequency dispersion frequency range of the Intelligent Selection number of winning the confidence exclude the error artificially chosen, high degree of automation, and detection efficiency is significantly promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipeline leakage testing fields, and in particular to a kind of pipeline leakage detection method and system.
Background technology
Underground pipe network be ensure people's lives and economic construction necessary basis facility, to urban development have it is of overall importance and
Guiding influence.Pipeline leakage problem caused by buried all the year round, in bad repair, environmental corrosion etc. is puzzle pipeline industry
Persistent ailment.China's urban Underground pipeline mostly uses metal pipe material, has been enter into the accident stage occurred frequently；Second, with polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
With polyethylene (PE) be leading plastic conduit mending-leakage, renew when there is larger demand spaces.Right underground pipe network is crisscross
It is complicated, it is difficult to realize the accurate positionin of leakage point.Therefore to safeguard the safe operation of urban Underground pipeline, pipeline leakage detection is especially
It is important.
Currently, the correlation between in leak detection method in generally use acoustic method is detected and positions to pipe leakage.When pipeline is sent out
When raw leakage, leakage acoustical signal is propagated toward pipeline upstream and downstream, in the leakage acoustical signal that the sensor on pipeline is acquired
It is mixed with the interference signals such as ambient noise and reflection sound wave.Usually Leak Noise Correlator can effectively detect the leakage of cast iron pipe, but
Acoustical signal decaying bigger and velocity of wave smaller are leaked in nonmetal pipeline, therefore it is leakage point standard to choose the leakage effective frequency range of acoustical signal
Determine the key of position.
Pipeline leakage detection needs technical staff to carry professional equipment in equipment aspect, manually tentatively judges leakage point position
Placement sensor again, detection range is small, complicated for operation；After the data of pipeline leakage signal are measured in terms of the method, usually rely on
Experience is chosen non-frequency dispersion frequency range and is analyzed, and more demanding to operating personnel, efficiency is low and intelligence degree is not high.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, being fixedly mounted on underground pipe network the object of the present invention is to provide one kind realizing long-term pipe
Road Gernral Check-up, leak detection and positioning, and the non-frequency dispersion frequency range of the Intelligent Selection number of winning the confidence, exclude the error artificially chosen, and raising is let out
Leak the pipeline leakage detection method and system of positioning accuracy.
To achieve the above object of the invention, inventive pipeline leakage detection method, including：
S11 lays vibrating sensor on pipeline with preset space length；
S12 analyzes the cross-power spectral density of two adjacent groups vibrating sensor acquisition signalAmplitudeWith
Phase (ω) information finds non-dispersion frequency section in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density,
If finding non-dispersion frequency section, there are leakage points on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors；
If not finding non-dispersion frequency section, leakage point is not present on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors；
The non-dispersion frequency phase method of the searching specifically includes：
S121 predetermined threshold values δ and frequency band Δ W carries out derived function to phase spectrum, and expression formula is：
In formula, Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N；
S122 calculates the difference of the corresponding derivative value in two consecutive number strong points, by the difference compared with threshold value δ, expression formula
For：φi′+1(ω)-φi' (ω)≤δ, if there is continuum [φi′(ω),φi′+M(ω)] in mistake between adjacent value
Difference be both less than threshold value, then choose [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=round (Δ W/ Δ ω),
M ＜ N, round indicate round.
Further, the step of further including, determining leakage point：
FIR filter is arranged in S21, carries out bandpass filtering to selected non-dispersion frequency section, it is close that crosspower spectrum is calculated after filtering
DegreeInverse Fourier transform, obtain cross-correlation function and according to peak computational time delay Δ T；
S22 finds out distance of the leakage point with respect to first sensor by ranging formula, and computational methods are：
d1=(D-c Δ T)/2
Wherein, D indicates the pipeline distance of two sensors；Δ T be first sensor subtract the second sensor signal when
Between it is poor；C indicates the spread speed of leakage sound in the duct, with acquiring as follows：
Wherein, cfFor fluid sound speed in free field middle pipe；B is the bulk modulus of fluid；E is tube wall Young's modulus；A, h points
It Wei not pipe wall internal diameters and wall thickness.
Further, the spacing that sensor is preset on pipeline is rule of thumb set, the predetermined threshold value δ and frequency band Δ
W is determined according to tubing and actual measurement situation.
To achieve the above object of the invention, inventive pipeline leak detection system, including：
The sensor being laid in preset space length on pipeline；
The acquisition signal of the sensor exports after amplifier, A/D converter, programmable controller processing successively
To processor, the processor includes：
Non- dispersion frequency section judging unit acquires the cross-spectral density of signal for analyzing two adjacent groups vibrating sensorAmplitudeWith phase (ω) information non-frequency dispersion is found in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density
Frequency band, carrying out practically method include：
Derived function is carried out to phase spectrum, expression formula is：
In formula, Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N；
Threshold value δ and frequency band Δ W is set, if there is continuum [φi′(ω),φi′+M(ω)] between adjacent value
Error be both less than threshold value, then choose [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=round (Δ W/ Δs
ω), M ＜ N, round indicate round；
Pipe leakage judging unit, if the output for obtaining non-dispersion frequency section judging unit is as a result, find non-frequency dispersion
Frequency band, then pipe leakage judging unit judge that there are leakage points on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors；
If not finding non-dispersion frequency section, pipe leakage judging unit judges on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors not
There are leakage points.
Further, the processor is electrically connected GPS unit, and the processor further includes pipe leakage point positioning unit,
For FIR filter to be arranged, bandpass filtering is carried out to selected non-dispersion frequency section, cross-spectral density is calculated after filtering
Inverse Fourier transform, obtain cross-correlation function and according to peak computational time delay Δ T；
Distance of the leakage point with respect to first sensor is found out by ranging formula, specific formula for calculation is：
d1=(D-c Δ T)/2
In formula, D indicates the pipeline distance of two sensors；Δ T is the time difference (time delay) of two sensors signal；C is indicated
The spread speed of leakage sound in the duct, with acquiring as follows：
In formula, cfFor fluid sound speed in free field middle pipe；B is the bulk modulus of fluid；E is tube wall Young's modulus；A, h points
It Wei not pipe wall internal diameters and wall thickness.
Further, the processor is connected long-range by lithium battery power supply, the processor by wireless network communication
Server, Client handset end, client PC end.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, inventive pipeline leakage detection method and system have at least the following advantages：
The present invention utilizes " low frequency and narrow bandwidth " propagation characteristic of pipe leakage sound, the non-frequency dispersion frequency range of the Intelligent Selection number of winning the confidence to be based on
The selection result judgement of the non-frequency dispersion frequency range of the signal segment pipe excludes the error artificially chosen with the presence or absence of leakage, improves leakage
Positioning accuracy.The present invention can be fixedly mounted on underground pipe network and realize long-term pipeline Gernral Check-up, leak detection and positioning simultaneously, be
The high degree of automation of system, detection efficiency are significantly promoted.
Above description is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and after coordinating attached drawing to be described in detail such as.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of inventive pipeline leakage detection method；
Fig. 2 is the sensor scheme of installation of inventive pipeline leakage detection method；
Fig. 3 is the phase spectrum derivation flow chart of inventive pipeline leakage detection method；
Fig. 4 is that the frequency range of inventive pipeline leakage detection method chooses flow chart；
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of inventive pipeline leak detection system.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
The present invention utilizes " low frequency and narrow bandwidth " propagation characteristic using pipe leakage sound, if it happens leaks, leakage signal
There are approximate linear relationships between the phase and frequency of cross-spectral density.Accordingly can to phase derivation, if in derivation result
There is the near linear less than given threshold in certain frequency range, then judgement is leakage frequency range.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment pipeline leakage detection method, including：
Step 1：Two sensors are arranged along pipeline section is chosen, as shown in Fig. 2, acquiring signal, processing by GPS sync identifications
Device sends data to server, establishes leakage signal in the mathematical model of frequency domain, can be expressed as with formula：
Wherein L (ω) indicates the frequency-region signal of source of leaks, Hk(ω, d) indicates a sensor of kth (k=1,2) and source of leaks
Between frequency response function,Indicate the variance of ambient noise in the signal that k-th of sensor receives.
Step 2：The amplitude and phase information of the cross-spectral density of two groups of vibrating sensor acquisition signals are analyzed, i.e.,：
WhereinIndicate amplitude, unit：W/Hz, φ (ω) indicate phase.
Step 3：In the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density, to eliminate the interference of noise, need to select proximal line
The non-dispersion frequency section of property, it is further comprising the steps of：
Step 3-1：Derived function is carried out to phase spectrum, can be expressed as with formula：
Wherein Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N.
Step 3-2：Threshold value δ and frequency band Δ W is set, if there is continuum [φi′(ω),φi′+M(ω)] in it is adjacent
Value between error be both less than threshold value, then choose [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=
Round (Δ W/ Δ ω), M ＜ N, round indicate round.
Step 3-3：Effective frequency-domain segment is found, then judges to leak.
Step 4：FIR filter is set, bandpass filtering is carried out to selected non-dispersion frequency section, crosspower spectrum is calculated after filtering
DensityInverse Fourier transform, obtain cross-correlation function and according to peak computational time delay Δ T.
Step 5：Distance of the leakage point with respect to first sensor is found out by ranging formula, computational methods are：
d1=(D-c Δ T)/2 formulas (4)
Wherein, D indicates the pipeline distance of two sensors, unit：m.Δ T be two sensors signal time difference (when
Prolong).C indicates the spread speed of leakage sound in the duct, can be acquired with formula (5)：
Wherein, cfFor fluid sound speed in free field middle pipe, unit：m/s；B is the bulk modulus of fluid, unit：Pa；E is
Tube wall Young's modulus, unit：Pa.A, h are respectively pipe wall internal diameters and wall thickness, unit：m.
The present embodiment, " low frequency and narrow bandwidth " propagation characteristic based on pipe leakage sound, proposes a kind of side of pipeline leakage testing
Method.As shown in Figure 3,4, the present embodiment method schematic：
Phase spectrum derivation to cross-spectral density function, i=1,2 ..., N. indicate data point, calculate two consecutive number strong points
The error of corresponding derivative value, and compared with threshold value δ, if meeting φi′+1(ω)-φi' (ω)≤δ, note A (i)=1.If discontented
Foot, note A (i)=0.All A (i) are extracted, are analyzed since i=1, are summed to the A (i) in (i, i+M-1) data point, if B=
M, so that it may to determine that frequency band of the frequency bandwidth for M is non-frequency dispersion frequency range.If B<M then judges not leak.
The present embodiment is expanded, and similarly, ranging formula finds out distance of the leakage point with respect to second sensor, is second signal
Time subtracts the time of the first signal.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment pipeline leakage detection method, including：
Step 1 lays vibrating sensor on pipeline with preset space length, establishes leakage signal in the mathematical model of frequency domain, table
It is up to formula：
In formula, L (ω) indicates the frequency-region signal of source of leaks, Hk(ω, d) indicates kth (k=1,2) a sensor and leakage
Frequency response function between source,Indicate the variance of ambient noise in the signal that k-th of sensor receives.
Step 2 analyzes the interactive rate spectral density of two adjacent groups sensor acquisition signalAmplitudeWith phase
Position φ (ω) information finds non-dispersion frequency section in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density,
The present embodiment does not find non-dispersion frequency section, then leakage point is not present on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors.
Non- dispersion frequency section is found to specifically include：
Step 2-1 predetermined threshold values δ and frequency band Δ W carries out derived function to phase spectrum, and expression formula is：
In formula, Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N.
Step 2-2 calculates the difference of the corresponding derivative value in two consecutive number strong points, by the difference compared with threshold value δ, expression
Formula is：φi′+1(ω)-φi' (ω)≤δ, if there is continuum [φi′(ω),φi′+M(ω)] between adjacent value
Error is both less than threshold value, then chooses [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] and be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=ro un (Δ d/W Δs
ω), M ＜ N, round indicate round.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment pipeline leakage checking system, including：
The sensor being laid in preset space length on pipeline.
The acquisition signal of sensor successively extremely locate after amplifier, A/D converter, programmable controller processing by output
Device is managed, processor is electrically connected GPS unit, and processor connects long-range by lithium battery power supply, processor by wireless network communication
Server, Client handset end, client PC end.
Processor includes：
Non- dispersion frequency section judging unit acquires the interactive rate spectral density of signal for analyzing two adjacent groups sensorAmplitudeWith phase (ω) information non-frequency dispersion is found in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density
Frequency band, carrying out practically method include：
Derived function is carried out to phase spectrum, expression formula is：
In formula, Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N.
Threshold value δ and frequency band Δ W is set, if there is continuum [φi′(ω),φi′+M(ω)] between adjacent value
Error be both less than threshold value, then choose [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=round (Δ W/ Δs
ω), M ＜ N, round indicate round.
Pipe leakage judging unit, if the output for obtaining non-dispersion frequency section judging unit is as a result, find non-frequency dispersion
Frequency band, then pipe leakage judging unit judge that there are leakage points on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors.
If not finding non-dispersion frequency section, pipe leakage judging unit judges on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors not
There are leakage points.
Pipe leakage point positioning unit carries out bandpass filtering for FIR filter to be arranged to selected non-dispersion frequency section,
Cross-spectral density is calculated after filteringInverse Fourier transform, obtain cross-correlation function and according to peak computational time delay
ΔT。
Distance of the leakage point with respect to first sensor is found out by ranging formula, specific formula for calculation is：
d1=(D-c Δ T)/2
In formula, D indicates the pipeline distance of two sensors.Δ T is the time difference (time delay) of two sensors signal.C is indicated
The spread speed of leakage sound in the duct, with acquiring as follows：
In formula, cfFor fluid sound speed in free field middle pipe；B is the bulk modulus of fluid；E is tube wall Young's modulus.A, h points
It Wei not pipe wall internal diameters and wall thickness.
In the present embodiment, processor, which obtains, calculates data, will calculate data and exports to remote server, subsequent to calculate
Journey is completed by remote server.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is several improvement and
Modification, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pipeline leakage detection method, which is characterized in that including：
S11 lays vibrating sensor on pipeline with preset space length；
S12 analyzes the cross-power spectral density of two adjacent groups vibrating sensor acquisition signalAmplitudeWith phase
φ (ω) information finds non-dispersion frequency section in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density,
If finding non-dispersion frequency section, there are leakage points on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors；
If not finding non-dispersion frequency section, leakage point is not present on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors；
The non-dispersion frequency phase method of the searching specifically includes：
S121 predetermined threshold values δ and frequency band Δ W carries out derived function to phase spectrum, and expression formula is：
In formula, Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N；
S122 calculates the difference of the corresponding derivative value in two consecutive number strong points, and by the difference compared with threshold value δ, expression formula is：
φ′i+1(ω)-φ′i(ω)≤δ, if there is continuum [φ 'i(ω),φ′i+M(ω)] in error between adjacent value all
Less than threshold value, then choose [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=round (Δ W/ Δ ω), M ＜ N,
Round indicates round.
2. pipeline leakage detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step of further including, determining leakage point：
FIR filter is arranged in S21, carries out bandpass filtering to selected non-dispersion frequency section, cross-spectral density is calculated after filteringInverse Fourier transform, obtain cross-correlation function and according to peak computational time delay Δ T；
S22 finds out distance of the leakage point with respect to first sensor by ranging formula, and computational methods are：
d1=(D-c Δ T)/2
Wherein, D indicates the pipeline distance of two sensors；Δ T is the time difference that first sensor subtracts the second sensor signal；
C indicates the spread speed of leakage sound in the duct, with acquiring as follows：
Wherein, cfFor fluid sound speed in free field middle pipe；B is the bulk modulus of fluid；E is tube wall Young's modulus；A, h are respectively
Pipe wall internal diameters and wall thickness.
3. pipeline leakage detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that preset the spacing root of sensor on pipeline
It is set according to experience, the predetermined threshold value δ and frequency band Δ W are determined according to tubing and actual measurement situation.
4. a kind of pipeline leakage checking system, which is characterized in that including：
The sensor being laid in preset space length on pipeline；
The acquisition signal of the sensor successively extremely locate after amplifier, A/D converter, programmable controller processing by output
Device is managed, the processor includes：
Non- dispersion frequency section judging unit acquires the cross-spectral density of signal for analyzing two adjacent groups vibrating sensorAmplitudeWith phase (ω) information non-frequency dispersion is found in the phase spectrum φ (ω) of cross-spectral density
Frequency band, carrying out practically method include：
Derived function is carried out to phase spectrum, expression formula is：
In formula, Δ ω indicates frequency resolution, ωiIndicate the angular frequency of i-th of data point, i=1,2 ..., N；
Threshold value δ and frequency band Δ W is set, if there is continuum [φ 'i(ω),φ′i+M(ω)] in mistake between adjacent value
Difference is both less than threshold value, then chooses [i Δ ω, (i+M) Δ ω] and be used as non-dispersion frequency section, wherein M=round (Δ W/ Δ ω), M
＜ N, round indicate round；
Pipe leakage judging unit, if the output for obtaining non-dispersion frequency section judging unit is as a result, find non-dispersion frequency
Section, then pipe leakage judging unit judges that there are leakage points on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors；
If not finding non-dispersion frequency section, pipe leakage judging unit judges to be not present on the pipeline between adjacent two sensors
Leakage point.
5. pipeline leakage checking system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the processor is electrically connected GPS unit,
The processor further includes pipe leakage point positioning unit, and for FIR filter to be arranged, band is carried out to selected non-dispersion frequency section
Pass filter calculates cross-spectral density after filteringInverse Fourier transform, obtain cross-correlation function and according to peak meter
Calculate time delay Δ T；
Distance of the leakage point with respect to first sensor is found out by ranging formula, specific formula for calculation is：
d1=(D-c Δ T)/2
In formula, D indicates the pipeline distance of two sensors；Δ T is the time difference (time delay) of two sensors signal；C indicates leakage
The spread speed of sound in the duct, with acquiring as follows：
In formula, cfFor fluid sound speed in free field middle pipe；B is the bulk modulus of fluid；E is tube wall Young's modulus；A, h are respectively
Pipe wall internal diameters and wall thickness.
6. pipeline leakage checking system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the processor is supplied by lithium battery
Electricity, the processor connect remote server, Client handset end, client PC end by wireless network communication.
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| CN112856248A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Underground pressure pipeline leakage detection method, device and system and storage medium |
| CN115523430A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-27 | 北京信息科技大学 | Liquid filling pipeline leakage detection method based on low-frequency fluid wave characteristic identification |
| CN115523430B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-09-20 | 北京信息科技大学 | Liquid filling pipeline leakage detection method based on low-frequency fluid wave characteristic identification |
| CN116557797A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-08 | 上海电机学院 | Nondestructive testing positioning method and system for leakage of long-distance ultralow-pressure large-diameter pipeline |
| CN116557797B (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-09-26 | 上海电机学院 | Nondestructive testing positioning method and system for leakage of long-distance ultralow-pressure large-diameter pipeline |
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