CN108384521B - 一种适用于co2驱特低渗透油藏抗气侵高密度压井液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及采油工程技术领域,尤其属于一种适用于CO2驱特低渗透油藏抗气侵高密度压井液。本发明解决了CO2驱特低渗透油藏作业所需抗气侵、高密度压井液的问题。本发明由乙二胺四乙酸钠锌与乙二胺四乙酸钠钙,按质量比1:2复合而成的鳌合盐加重剂;硫脲甲基咪唑啉缓蚀剂;藻酸丙二醇酯调理剂,以及清水组成;它的质量百分比为:加重剂25~60%,缓蚀剂0.15~1.2%,调理剂0.1~1.5%,余量为清水;密度范围1.6~2.0g/cm3。本发明具有无固相、抗气侵,满足二氧化碳试验区特低渗透高压力井压井作业需求,保证高密度压井液腐蚀速率小于行业标准0.076mm/a,达到低腐蚀要求等优点。
Description
技术领域:本发明涉及采油工程技术领域,尤其属于一种适用于CO2驱特低渗透油藏抗气侵高密度压井液。
背景技术:常规低固相压井液或钻井液泥浆,密度虽然可达1.9g/cm3以上,但溶液中通常是含有大量的悬浮物及固相颗粒,如胶状物、油、细粒矿物质等,对特低渗透率储层伤害较大,难以应用。
常规无固相压井液中,无机盐压井液如氯离子、硝酸根离子型压井液,密度调节范围小,一般在1.0~1.3g/cm3之间,难以平衡二氧化碳驱井底压力;高密度无机盐溴化锌、氯化锌等,在CO2酸性储层条件下腐蚀严重、对人身健康也有较大危害。而有机盐压井液中,甲酸铯体系最高密度可达2.3g/cm3,但其成本昂贵,来源不稳定,现场配制需加入消泡工艺等,制约了其在作业领域的应用与发展。同时,常规无固相压井液,易发生CO2气侵,破坏井底压力平衡,造成溢流、井涌、井喷等安全事故。
因此,需要研制一种适用于CO2驱特低渗透油藏抗气侵的高密度压井液,解决二氧化碳试验区高压、高气量井作业需要。
发明内容:本发明的目的是提供新型高密度、抗气侵的一种适用于CO2驱特低渗透油藏抗气侵高密度压井液。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明由加重剂、缓蚀剂、调理剂及清水组成;它的质量百分比为:加重剂25~60%,缓蚀剂0.15~1.2%,调理剂0.1~1.5%,余量为清水。
所述加重剂为乙二胺四乙酸钠锌与乙二胺四乙酸钠钙,按质量比1:2复合而成的鳌合盐,密度范围1.6~2.0g/cm3。
所述缓蚀剂为硫脲甲基咪唑啉。
所述调理剂为藻酸丙二醇酯。
所述缓蚀剂为硫脲甲基咪唑啉,结构式如下,具备高亲水性、高吸附膜稳定性、高缓蚀性,可保证高密度压井液腐蚀速率小于0.076mm/a(行业标准)。
所述调理剂为藻酸丙二醇酯,结构式如下,具有一定的抗酸性和抗盐析能力。
调理剂在高密度、酸性溶液中,仍能保持分子链舒展延伸,并与鳌合盐加重剂缔合形成网状结构如下所示,有效抵抗CO2气侵。
所述CO2驱特低渗透油藏抗气侵高密度压井液作用机理:
1)所述加重剂涉及的乙二胺四乙酸钠锌与乙二胺四乙酸钠钙均为鳌合盐,鳌合盐主要用于生物制药、农林养殖等领域,本次应用在油田作业领域,与传统的无机盐或有机盐相比,鳌合盐易溶于水,可制得高密度无固相压井液 (密度范围1.6~2.0g/cm3),并且鳌合盐的自身结构,与调理剂藻酸丙二醇酯协同作用,可形成较稳定网状结构,使CO2气体难以侵入,达到抗气侵目的。另外,Zn2+、Ca2+鳌合后,无机属性减弱,有机属性增强,理化性状更加稳定,不易反应生成沉淀或结垢,使用起来安全无毒,且来源广泛、制备简便。
2)所述缓蚀剂为硫脲甲基咪唑啉,与常规缓蚀剂相比,通过硫脲基团改性后的咪唑林缓蚀剂,极大提高了亲水性,在高密度压井液中的溶解更充分,増加缓蚀剂有效含量,同时强化了N-Fe配位键与C=N中π键吸附,吸附膜稳定性显著提升,提高了缓蚀性能,可保证抗气侵高密度压井液腐蚀速率小于 0.076mm/a(行业标准)。
本发明和现有压井液相比,本发明有益效果为:
1)本发明密度调节范围达1.6~2.0g/cm3,无固相、抗气侵,满足二氧化碳试验区特低渗透高压力井压井作业需求;
2)本发明不含Cl-、NO3 -等,且应用硫脲甲基咪唑啉缓蚀剂,保证高密度压井液蚀速率小于行业标准0.076mm/a,达到低腐蚀要求。
具体实施方式:下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步说明:本发明由加重剂、缓蚀剂、调理剂及清水组成;它的质量百分比为:加重剂25~60%,缓蚀剂0.15~1.2%,调理剂0.1~1.5%,余量为清水。
所述加重剂为乙二胺四乙酸钠锌与乙二胺四乙酸钠钙按质量比1:2复合而成的鳌合盐,密度范围1.6~2.0g/cm3。
所述缓蚀剂为硫脲甲基咪唑啉。
所述调理剂为藻酸丙二醇酯。
实施例1:本实施例由加重剂、缓蚀剂、调理剂及清水组成;它的质量百分比为:加重剂25%,缓蚀剂0.15%,调理剂0.1%,余量为清水,制成高密度压井液(密度1.6g/cm3),室内通过二氧化碳驱压井液气侵模拟评价实验装置(专利号ZL 201520963292.9)开展模拟气侵评价试验,单次压井实现压力平衡稳定时间10h,未观察到气侵现象;现场应用于二氧化碳试验区高压采油井(Y93-C16井),作业前井口压力10MPa,作业期间无溢流、无气体窜出,井底压力平衡稳定时间10h,具备抗气侵性能;措施过程中取样监测腐蚀速率为0.065mm/a,且措施后产量恢复到作业前水平。
实施例2:本实施例由加重剂、缓蚀剂、调理剂及清水组成;它的质量百分比为:加重剂35%,缓蚀剂0.5%,调理剂1.0%,余量为清水;制成高密度压井液(密度1.8g/cm3),室内通过二氧化碳驱压井液气侵模拟评价实验装置开展模拟气侵评价试验,单次压井实现压力平衡稳定时间11h,未观察到气侵现象;现场应用于二氧化碳试验区高压井(F184-130井),作业前井口压力17MPa,作业期间无溢流、无气体窜出,井底压力平衡稳定时间11h,具备抗气侵性能;措施过程中取样监测腐蚀速率为0.067mm/a,且措施后产量恢复到作业前水平。
实施例3:本实施例由加重剂、缓蚀剂、调理剂及清水组成;它的质量百分比为:加重剂60%,缓蚀剂1.2%,调理剂0.8%,余量为清水;制成高密度压井液(密度2.0g/cm3),室内通过二氧化碳驱压井液气侵模拟评价实验装置开展模拟气侵评价试验,单次压井实现压力平衡稳定时间10h,未观察到气侵现象,检测其腐蚀速率0.069mm/a。
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