CN108384147A - PVC rolls laminated sheet - Google Patents

PVC rolls laminated sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108384147A
CN108384147A CN201810242046.2A CN201810242046A CN108384147A CN 108384147 A CN108384147 A CN 108384147A CN 201810242046 A CN201810242046 A CN 201810242046A CN 108384147 A CN108384147 A CN 108384147A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
laminated sheet
pvc
raw material
polyvinyl chloride
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Pending
Application number
CN201810242046.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尚礼富
尚嘉轩
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taizhou Long Tong Plastic Co Ltd
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Taizhou Long Tong Plastic Co Ltd
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Application filed by Taizhou Long Tong Plastic Co Ltd filed Critical Taizhou Long Tong Plastic Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810242046.2A priority Critical patent/CN108384147A/en
Publication of CN108384147A publication Critical patent/CN108384147A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2491/00Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
    • C08J2491/06Waxes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/02Organic and inorganic ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34Silicon-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10Esters; Ether-esters
    • C08K5/12Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/13Phenols; Phenolates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/36Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K5/41Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/42Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/56Organo-metallic compounds, i.e. organic compounds containing a metal-to-carbon bond
    • C08K5/57Organo-tin compounds

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of PVC to roll laminated sheet, counts in parts by weight, raw material includes following components, 75 85 parts of polyvinyl chloride;0.5 5 parts of plasticizer;13 parts of lubricant;2 10 parts of filler;14 parts of antioxidant;16 parts of heat stabilizer;28 parts of processing aid;The processing aid is zinc phenolsulfonate, 1,2 cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisopropyl ester of plasticizer.The present invention has the following advantages and effects:Processing aid zinc phenolsulfonate plays inhibiting effect to the molecule-type degradation reaction of polyvinyl chloride, improves ageing-resistant performance;Benzethonium chloride can play synergistic effect with zinc phenolsulfonate, further suppress the thermal degradation of polyvinyl chloride, improve the ageing-resistant performance of PVC calendering laminated sheets, plasticizer selects 1,2 cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisopropyl esters, it is not easy to roll from PVC and pollution environment is precipitated in laminated sheet, achieved the effect that ageing-resistant, environmentally friendly.

Description

PVC rolls laminated sheet
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of polymer material preparing technology, more particularly to a kind of PVC rolls laminated sheet.
Background technology
Overlay film was also known as modeling, mounting glue, pad pasting, refers to posting printed matter surface by hot pressing with transparent plastic film, rises To the effect for protecting and increasing gloss, by the printed matter of overlay film, due to one layer of thin, transparent plastic film more than surface, table Face is more smooth bright, not only increases the glossiness and fastness of printed matter, moreover it is possible to play moisture-proof, waterproof, wear-resisting, folding guarantor Shield acts on, and polyvinyl chloride is commonly used for the plastic material of overlay film, abbreviation PVC, and PVC material is the maximum product of yield in synthetic material One of kind, there is excellent anti-flammability, insulating properties, resistance to acid and alkali and the comprehensive performances such as wear-resistant, while its of low cost, raw material Source is sufficient, therefore has in departments such as daily life, packaging, building materials, agricultural, electronic apparatus and public utilities very extensive Using.The comprehensive performance of PVC material is very good, is suitable for coating technique, but its defect is also clearly ageing properties Difference will produce slow decomposition under the action of light irradiates and aoxidizes, and to discharge HCl, carbonyl and conjugation are formed on PVC chains Double bond, and then influence the use of PVC material.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of PVC to roll laminated sheet, has the effect of ageing-resistant.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that:A kind of PVC calenderings laminated sheet, It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes following components, 75-85 parts of polyvinyl chloride;0.5-5 parts of plasticizer;1-3 parts of lubricant;Filling 2-10 parts of agent;1-4 parts of antioxidant;1-6 parts of heat stabilizer;2-8 parts of processing aid;The processing aid is zinc phenolsulfonate.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the poor heat resistance of polyvinyl chloride begins to soften, without heat stabilizer at 80 DEG C Under conditions of polyvinyl chloride begin to decompose, the decomposition of polyvinyl chloride can not only make product turn yellow even blackening, under mechanical performance Drop, influences the use of PVC sheet.Polyvinyl chloride in use or processing, be easy because be illuminated by the light or extraneous high temperature and send out The main reason for raw oxidation, polyvinyl chloride aoxidizes is the presence because of the free radical in strand, and the effect of antioxidant is exactly It removes free radical or prevents molecule chain break.
High molecular material is likely to occur to go bad from synthesis, storage and its processed and applied whole process, that is, shows as The comprehensive performance of material declines, such as surface turns yellow, relative molecular mass declines, material surface is cracked, loss of gloss, power It learns performance significantly to decline, to influence the normal use of material, this phenomenon is known as the chemical aging of high molecular material, referred to as Aging.
Normal polrvinyl chloride structure is very stable, but has a series of the reason of side reactions in process of production, so that The chain structure of polyvinyl chloride can change at certain positions, and then produce the defect in structure, these defects include mainly Head-header structure, unsaturated double-bond, Active Chlorine structure, branched structure and dichloro end structure.
It since polyvinyl chloride itself has these faults of construction, causes its thermal oxidation stability and photooxidation stability poor, gathers Vinyl chloride is in thermal degradation process, and polyvinyl chloride is at normal temperatures based on molecule-type degradation reaction mechanism, first in macromolecular A double bond is arbitrarily generated, then sloughs HCl respectively, then HCl is catalyzed hydrogen into rearrangement, and then form newly active Group, when reaction forms new syndiotactic structure and when will not be influenced by other structures, takes off HCl on macromolecular chain Degradation reaction can just terminate.PVC rolls the processing aid in laminated sheet raw material and selects zinc phenolsulfonate, zinc phenolsulfonate dispersion It in PVC rolls laminated sheet raw material, can obviously inhibit the molecule-type degradation reaction of polyvinyl chloride, significantly improve PVC calenderings and cover The ageing-resistant performance of film sheet.
The further setting of the present invention is:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 80-85 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-3 parts of plasticising Agent;2-3 parts of lubricants;5-10 parts of fillers.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, it includes lubricant, filler, the work of lubricant that PVC, which rolls laminated sheet raw material, With being to reduce the intermolecular friction of polyvinyl chloride and friction between polyvinyl chloride molecule and process equipment.Polyvinyl chloride system Filler is added in product, reduces cost.
The further setting of the present invention is:The plasticizer is 1,2- cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisopropyl esters.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester is the common plasticizer of polyvinyl chloride, but adjacent benzene Dioctyl phthalate dibutyl ester is easy to move out, and is easy pollution environment.Compared to o-phthalic acid dibutyl ester, 1,2- cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid two The more difficult precipitation of isopropyl ester and polyvinyl chloride molecule have preferable compatibility so that the environmental protection of PVC calendering laminated sheets is not easy dirt Contaminate environment.
The further setting of the present invention is:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 3-6 parts of heat stabilizers, the heat stabilizer For butyl tin or tin octylate.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, heat stabilizer is butyl tin or tin octylate, and thermostable effect is good.
The further setting of the present invention is:The antioxidant is bisphenol-A.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, polyvinyl chloride is easy in use or processing because by illumination or the external world High temperature and aoxidize, polyvinyl chloride aoxidize the main reason for be because strand free radical presence, antioxidant choosing With bisphenol-A, bisphenol-A can be combined with free radical, generated relatively stable substance, played the role of oxidation resistant.
The further setting of the present invention is:The lubricant includes calcium stearate and paraffin, the matter of calcium stearate and paraffin Amount is than being 1:1.
The further setting of the present invention is:The filler is talcum powder.
The further setting of the present invention is:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 2-3 parts of triclocarbans.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, polyvinyl chloride degradation with aging process can first take off HCl, then will produce chain rupture and friendship Connection reaction, one of which agine mechaism are as follows:When polyvinyl chloride intramolecular contains free radical or can generate new free radical When, it will appear attack-on strand
The phenomenon that chlorine atom on CH2-, generates the macromolecular chain containing unstable chlorine atom, then will form double bond Structure, the similar-CH2- of active chlorine atom meeting attack, forms small molecule and new free radical, degradation reaction is continued. Triclocarban is dispersed in PVC calendering laminated sheet raw materials, free radical new in polyvinyl chloride can be inhibited to generate, and then play inhibition The degradation with aging of polyvinyl chloride molecule, the effect for improving ageing-resistant performance.
The further setting of the present invention is:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 3-4 parts of benzethonium chlorides.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, benzethonium chloride is dispersed in PVC calendering laminated sheet raw materials, can also play inhibition The effect of the molecule-type degradation of polyvinyl chloride, and benzethonium chloride can play synergistic work with zinc phenolsulfonate collective effect With.
The further setting of the present invention is:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 1-2 parts of Ethylhexysalicylates.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, Ethylhexysalicylate can play the thermal degradation for inhibiting polyvinyl chloride, into one Step improves the ageing-resistant performance of PVC calendering laminated sheets.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that:Processing aid zinc phenolsulfonate, to the molecule-type of polyvinyl chloride Degradation reaction plays inhibiting effect, improves ageing-resistant performance;Benzethonium chloride can play synergistic effect with zinc phenolsulfonate, The thermal degradation of polyvinyl chloride is further suppressed, the ageing-resistant performance of PVC calendering laminated sheets is improved, plasticizer selects 1,2- hexamethylenes Alkane dicaxboxylate is not easy to roll to be precipitated in laminated sheet from PVC to pollute environment, achieve the effect that ageing-resistant, environmentally friendly.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1:PVC rolls laminated sheet, and each component and content are as shown in table 1 in raw material, the unit of each component in table 1 For kg, wherein processing aid is zinc phenolsulfonate, and antioxidant is bisphenol-A, and heat stabilizer is butyl tin, plasticizer 1,2- rings Hexane dicarboxylic acid's diisopropyl ester, filler are talcum powder, and lubricant includes 1kg calcium stearates and 1kg paraffin.
The preparation method that PVC rolls laminated sheet is as follows:Step 1, dispensing take each component in raw material, are heated to 85 DEG C, It stirs evenly.Step 2 squeezes out, and the material in step 1 is cooled to 50 DEG C, is sent into extruder and squeezes out, extruder heating temperature At 140-150 DEG C, material plasticizing temperature is controlled at 150-180 DEG C for control.Step 3, calendering, the material that extruder is squeezed out are used Calender rolls, and the temperature of stack controls between 150-170 DEG C.Step 4, cooling winding, what calender rolled out After cooling, winding obtains PVC calendering laminated sheets to PVC sheet.
Embodiment 2:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1, heat stabilizer is tin octylate, and lubricant includes 1.5kg calcium stearates and 1.5kg paraffin.
Embodiment 3:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1, lubricant includes 0.5kg calcium stearates and 0.5kg paraffin.
Embodiment 4:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1, lubricant includes 0.5kg calcium stearates and 0.5kg paraffin.
Embodiment 5:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 6:PVC rolls laminated sheet, the difference is that, each component and content be such as in raw material with embodiment 2 Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 7:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1, lubricant includes 0.5kg calcium stearates and 0.5kg paraffin.
Embodiment 8:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1, lubricant includes 0.5kg calcium stearates and 0.5kg paraffin.
Embodiment 9:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 10:PVC rolls laminated sheet, the difference is that, each component and content be such as in raw material with embodiment 2 Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 11:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 12:PVC rolls laminated sheet, the difference is that, each component and content be such as in raw material with embodiment 2 Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 13:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1.
Embodiment 14:PVC rolls laminated sheet, the difference is that, each component and content be such as in raw material with embodiment 2 Shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1:PVC rolls laminated sheet, difference from example 1 is that, each component and content be such as in raw material Shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2:PVC rolls laminated sheet, the difference is that, each component and content be such as in raw material with embodiment 2 Shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3:PVC rolls laminated sheet, the difference is that, each component and content be such as in raw material with embodiment 3 Shown in table 1.
Table 1
Anti-aging property is tested:PVC in Example 1-14, comparative example 1-3 rolls laminated sheet, is molded with injection molding machine At standard testing batten, it is placed in ultraviolet accelerated ageing testing box, ageing time is respectively 100h, 500h, 1000h, ageing process In recycle successively 10min spray, 10h ultraviolet ageings (50 degrees Celsius of temperature, ultraviolet wavelength 340nm, radiation intensity 1.19W/ m2), 5h condensation, experimental condition is air atmosphere.
With reference to GB1040-92 standard testing tensile strengths, tensile speed 20mm/min, test temperature is room temperature, each Embodiment and comparative example test three, take arithmetic average.Then stretching strength retentivity is calculated, to compare resistance to ag(e)ing Energy.Stretching strength retentivity=(sample tensile strength before sample tensile strength/aging after aging) × 100%, by test result It is listed in table 2.
Table 2
By the test result of table 2 it is found that zinc phenolsulfonate, triclocarban, benzethonium chloride, Ethylhexysalicylate energy The ageing-resistant performance of PVC calendering laminated sheets, zinc phenolsulfonate and benzethonium chloride collective effect are improved, lamination patch is rolled to PVC The promotion of the ageing-resistant performance of material plays the role of synergy.
Specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art The modification that not creative contribution can be made to the present embodiment as needed after reading this specification, but as long as in this hair It is all protected by Patent Law in bright right.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of PVC rolls laminated sheet, to count in parts by weight, raw material includes following components,
The processing aid is zinc phenolsulfonate.
2. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 80-85 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-3 parts of plasticizer;2-3 parts of lubricants;5-10 parts of fillers.
3. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:The plasticizer is 1,2- hexamethylenes Alkane dicaxboxylate.
4. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 3-6 parts of heat stabilizers, the heat stabilizer are butyl tin or tin octylate.
5. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:The antioxidant is bisphenol-A.
6. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:The lubricant includes stearic acid The mass ratio of calcium and paraffin, calcium stearate and paraffin is 1:1.
7. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:The filler is talcum powder.
8. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 2-3 parts of triclocarbans.
9. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:It counts in parts by weight, raw material includes 3-4 parts of benzethonium chlorides.
10. a kind of PVC according to claim 1 rolls laminated sheet, it is characterised in that:It counts in parts by weight, raw material packet Include 1-2 parts of Ethylhexysalicylates.
CN201810242046.2A 2018-03-22 2018-03-22 PVC rolls laminated sheet Pending CN108384147A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101397382A (en) * 2007-09-29 2009-04-01 苏州工业园区凯维新材料有限公司 Anti-yellowing polyvinyl chloride
CN102352077A (en) * 2011-07-07 2012-02-15 鹤山联塑实业发展有限公司 Environment-friendly aging-resistant polyvinyl chloride (PVC) section
CN103360695A (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Durable polyvinyl chloride salt membrane composition and preparation method thereof
CN103602009A (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-02-26 山东瑞丰高分子材料股份有限公司 High-transparency no-flow line hard PVC (polyvinyl chloride) calendered sheet and preparation method thereof
CN104497932A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-08 上海邦中新材料有限公司 Hot melt adhesive for insulating bottle
CN107474425A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-12-15 西藏加速工场孵化器有限公司 Ageing-resistant PVC plastic and preparation method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101397382A (en) * 2007-09-29 2009-04-01 苏州工业园区凯维新材料有限公司 Anti-yellowing polyvinyl chloride
CN102352077A (en) * 2011-07-07 2012-02-15 鹤山联塑实业发展有限公司 Environment-friendly aging-resistant polyvinyl chloride (PVC) section
CN103360695A (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Durable polyvinyl chloride salt membrane composition and preparation method thereof
CN103602009A (en) * 2013-11-26 2014-02-26 山东瑞丰高分子材料股份有限公司 High-transparency no-flow line hard PVC (polyvinyl chloride) calendered sheet and preparation method thereof
CN104497932A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-08 上海邦中新材料有限公司 Hot melt adhesive for insulating bottle
CN107474425A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-12-15 西藏加速工场孵化器有限公司 Ageing-resistant PVC plastic and preparation method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
汪多仁编著: "《增塑剂配方工艺与应用实例》", 31 August 2013, 北京:印刷工业出版社 *
蒋平平主编: "《环保增塑剂》", 31 October 2009, 国防工业出版社 *

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