CN108383299A - The preprocess method and pretreatment system of coal chemical industrial waste water - Google Patents

The preprocess method and pretreatment system of coal chemical industrial waste water Download PDF

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CN108383299A
CN108383299A CN201810425816.7A CN201810425816A CN108383299A CN 108383299 A CN108383299 A CN 108383299A CN 201810425816 A CN201810425816 A CN 201810425816A CN 108383299 A CN108383299 A CN 108383299A
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waste water
flocculation
coal chemical
chemical industrial
industrial waste
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王占军
刘婷
王立鹏
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Hebei Chaolyu Energy Saving Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722Oxidation by peroxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/725Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/34Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preprocess method of coal chemical industrial waste water, this method includes flocculation sediment processing, hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation processing, Inner electrolysis processing, effluent quality COD≤500mg/L after processing, ammonia nitrogen≤200mg/L, suspended matter≤70mg/L.After the processing of the processing method of the present invention, the waste water that can carry out biochemical treatment can be obtained, which can direct emission or recycling after directly carrying out biochemical treatment.The processing system of the present invention, it is stable, it can effectively make coal chemical industrial waste water achieve the purpose that biochemical.The processing method and processing system of the coal chemical industrial waste water of the present invention have positive dissemination and significant application value.

Description

煤化工废水的预处理方法及预处理系统Coal chemical wastewater pretreatment method and pretreatment system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及废水处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种煤化工废水的预处理方法及预处理系统。The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a pretreatment method and a pretreatment system for coal chemical wastewater.

背景技术Background technique

我国能源总体状况是“富煤、贫油、少气”,煤炭在我国一次能源消费结构中占比达到70%左右,远高于全球30%左右的平均水平。因此,丰富的煤炭资源为我国煤化工产业的发展提供了有力的条件。煤化工是指以煤为原料经过化学加工使煤转化为气体、液体、固体化工和能源产品的工艺过程。且随着煤制油、煤制气、煤制烯烃等技术取得突破,我国煤化工正向石油替代产品为主的新型煤化工转变。The overall situation of my country's energy is "rich in coal, poor in oil, and low in gas". Coal accounts for about 70% of my country's primary energy consumption structure, which is much higher than the global average of about 30%. Therefore, abundant coal resources provide strong conditions for the development of my country's coal chemical industry. Coal chemical industry refers to the process of converting coal into gas, liquid, solid chemical and energy products through chemical processing using coal as raw material. And with the breakthroughs in technologies such as coal-to-oil, coal-to-gas, and coal-to-olefins, my country's coal chemical industry is transforming into a new type of coal chemical industry based on petroleum substitute products.

但煤化工企业具有较大的耗水量和废水排放量,煤化工企业在煤的气化、干馏、净化及化工产品合成中均会产生废水,主要以高浓度煤气洗涤水为主。煤化工废水中污染物浓度高、有机物成分复杂,除含有氨、氰、硫氰根等无机污染物外,还含有酚类、多环芳香族化合物及含氮、氧、硫的杂环化合物及脂肪类化合物等有毒有害物质,CODcr一般在50000mg/L左右、氨氮在4000mg/L,是一种典型的含有难降解的有机化合物、生化性能较差的工业废水。因此,如果废水不经妥善处理而排放至河流、护坡或渗入地下时,将会对生态环境造成严重的污染,给人类带来严重的危害。且随着近年来能源工业的快速发展,煤化工废水已经成为重要的污染源之一。同时,煤化工废水处理不仅关系到我国煤化工产业的健康发展,也是我国煤炭资源实现向原料和燃料病种转型升级的瓶颈。However, coal chemical enterprises have a large amount of water consumption and wastewater discharge. Coal chemical enterprises will produce wastewater in coal gasification, dry distillation, purification and chemical product synthesis, mainly high-concentration gas washing water. Coal chemical wastewater has high pollutant concentration and complex organic components. In addition to inorganic pollutants such as ammonia, cyanide, and thiocyanate, it also contains phenols, polycyclic aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Fatty compounds and other toxic and harmful substances, CODcr is generally around 50000mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 4000mg/L, it is a typical industrial wastewater containing refractory organic compounds and poor biochemical properties. Therefore, if the wastewater is discharged into rivers, slope protection or infiltrated into the ground without proper treatment, it will cause serious pollution to the ecological environment and bring serious harm to human beings. And with the rapid development of the energy industry in recent years, coal chemical industry wastewater has become one of the important sources of pollution. At the same time, the treatment of coal chemical wastewater is not only related to the healthy development of my country's coal chemical industry, but also a bottleneck for the transformation and upgrading of my country's coal resources to raw materials and fuel diseases.

由于生化方法成本低,处理水量大,目前废水基本都采用以生化为主的废水处理工艺。但是煤化工废水中成分复杂,有机物种类多,使得处理难度大,处理成本高,且所含的有机污染物难以被微生物降解,可生化性差,直接进入生化处理中不仅增加生化处理符合,且生化处理后水质难以达标排放。因此,提高煤化工废水的可生化性是有效提高煤化工废水的关键。Due to the low cost of the biochemical method and the large amount of water to be treated, the current wastewater treatment process basically adopts the biochemical wastewater treatment process. However, the composition of coal chemical wastewater is complex and there are many types of organic matter, which makes the treatment difficult and costly, and the organic pollutants contained are difficult to be degraded by microorganisms and have poor biodegradability. Directly entering the biochemical treatment not only increases the compliance of biochemical treatment, but also biochemical The water quality after treatment is difficult to meet the discharge standard. Therefore, improving the biodegradability of coal chemical industry wastewater is the key to effectively improve coal chemical industry wastewater.

当前,对于提高难降解有机废水可生化性的方法较为局限,目前有过研究用来提高废水生化性的方法有厌氧酸化法、电解法、芬顿试剂高级氧化法三种。At present, the methods for improving the biodegradability of refractory organic wastewater are relatively limited. At present, there are three methods for improving the biochemical property of wastewater, including anaerobic acidification, electrolysis, and Fenton's reagent advanced oxidation method.

厌氧酸化法是利用厌氧微生物对煤化工废水中的杂环化合物和多环芳香烃的裂解,用以将废水中的芳香烃有机物所带的苯、萘、蒽醌等环打开,从而提高废水的可生化性。厌氧酸化法需要酸性条件,旨在将大分子不溶性复杂的有机物在细胞胞外酶的作用下水解成小分子溶解性高级脂肪酸。但是此类厌氧消化法,亦属于生化反应,其作用效果受到废水中有毒物质对厌氧微生物的影响,尤其煤化工废水中的成分非常复杂,有毒物质种类多,毒性大,致使此种厌氧酸化预处理方法失效,同时其酸性环境,会影响废水进入下一个生化环境的处理效果。Anaerobic acidification is the use of anaerobic microorganisms to crack heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coal chemical wastewater, so as to open the rings of benzene, naphthalene, anthraquinone and other organic compounds in aromatic hydrocarbons in wastewater, thereby improving Biodegradability of wastewater. The anaerobic acidification method requires acidic conditions, and aims to hydrolyze large-molecular insoluble complex organic matter into small-molecule soluble higher fatty acids under the action of extracellular enzymes. However, this kind of anaerobic digestion method is also a biochemical reaction, and its effect is affected by the toxic substances in the wastewater on the anaerobic microorganisms. Oxygen acidification pretreatment method fails, and its acidic environment will affect the treatment effect of wastewater entering the next biochemical environment.

电解法是指电流通过物质而引起化学变化的过程。在废水处理中,废水中一些难降解、含有双键、强拉电子基团、偶氮键、苯环的物质容易被电解作用还原,从而完成废水生化性的改性,但是此种方法对水量大的煤化工废水,难以见效,其电极功率及电解范围不能满足水利负荷。Electrolysis is the process in which an electric current passes through a substance to cause a chemical change. In wastewater treatment, some substances in wastewater that are difficult to degrade, contain double bonds, strong electron-drawing groups, azo bonds, and benzene rings are easily reduced by electrolysis, thereby completing the biochemical modification of wastewater. Large coal chemical wastewater is difficult to be effective, and its electrode power and electrolysis range cannot meet the water conservancy load.

芬顿方法属于高级化学氧化法,利用双氧水的羟基的强氧化性,将废水中难降解有机物的大分子、苯环类分子破坏,形成可以被微生物利用的无毒性的小分子有机物。目前芬顿方法在高浓度有机废水处理领域中被广泛研究与示范,但是该工艺药剂成本较高,制约其工业化推广,且氧化过程中会产生大量铁污泥,容易造成二次污染。The Fenton method belongs to the advanced chemical oxidation method, which utilizes the strong oxidation of the hydroxyl group of hydrogen peroxide to destroy the macromolecules and benzene ring molecules of the refractory organic matter in the wastewater, forming non-toxic small molecular organic matter that can be used by microorganisms. At present, the Fenton method has been widely studied and demonstrated in the field of high-concentration organic wastewater treatment. However, the high cost of the process reagents restricts its industrialization, and a large amount of iron sludge is generated during the oxidation process, which is likely to cause secondary pollution.

因此,针对煤化工废水的水质特点,探索开发新的煤化工废水的预处理方法具有重要的工程指导意义。Therefore, in view of the water quality characteristics of coal chemical wastewater, it is of great engineering significance to explore and develop new pretreatment methods for coal chemical wastewater.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为解决现有技术存在的不足,本发明提供了一种煤化工废水的预处理方法,该预处理方法操作方便,且成本低、效率高、效果好,经该法处理后,煤化工废水水质可达纳管级标准,能直接进行深度处理后回用或排放,且处理过程中污泥产生少。In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pretreatment method for coal chemical industry wastewater. The pretreatment method is easy to operate, low in cost, high in efficiency and good in effect. It can reach the nanotube level standard, and can be directly reused or discharged after advanced treatment, and the sludge generated during the treatment process is less.

为实现上述目的,本发明的煤化工废水的预处理方法,用以提高废水的可生化性以便于后续生化处理,该方法包括絮凝沉淀处理、催化氧化处理、内电解处理;In order to achieve the above object, the pretreatment method of coal chemical industry wastewater of the present invention is used to improve the biodegradability of wastewater so as to facilitate subsequent biochemical treatment. The method includes flocculation precipitation treatment, catalytic oxidation treatment, and internal electrolysis treatment;

所述絮凝沉淀处理中,絮凝剂包括以下重量份组分:磺酸盐、磷酸酯盐、石灰、硅酸钠、次氯酸钙、羧甲基纤维素钠盐、膨润土、凹凸棒土、火山石粉;In the flocculation and precipitation treatment, the flocculant includes the following components in parts by weight: sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, lime, sodium silicate, calcium hypochlorite, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite, attapulgite, volcano stone powder;

所述催化氧化处理中,催化剂由载体及负载于载体上的活性组分构成,所述载体为硅藻土、沸石、陶粒、分子筛中的至少一种,所述活性组分包括二氧化硅、氧化钙、氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化亚铁、二氧化钛中的至少一种;氧化剂为双氧水。In the catalytic oxidation treatment, the catalyst is composed of a carrier and an active component loaded on the carrier, the carrier is at least one of diatomaceous earth, zeolite, ceramsite, and molecular sieve, and the active component includes silicon dioxide , at least one of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, and titanium dioxide; the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.

本发明的预处理方法,针对煤化工废水中含有重金属及氰等无机污染物,且富含高浓度氨氮、SS以及难生物降解和有毒有害的有机物的特性,对废水进行絮凝沉淀处理以去除废水中SS及部分氨氮、COD、重金属,对废水进行催化氧化以及内电解处理,利用两者的协同作用,可有效提高废水中氨氮、COD以及氰类无机物和重金属的去除率,从而实现废水可生化性的目的,使经过上述处理再经生化处理后的废水易于达到排放或回用标准,有效减少了对环境的污染;絮凝沉淀处理中,采用复合絮凝剂可有效提高对废水中SS的絮凝沉淀能力;催化氧化处理中,在曝气作用下催化剂中的活性组分可催化过氧化氢产生羟基自由基,羟基自由基具有极强的氧化性,可有效分解几乎所有难降解的有机污染物,甚至可将有机污染物转化为无害的无机物,且反应速度极快,反应过程浮泥产生少或基本无污泥产生,无二次污染,同时催化剂与废水的分离较简便;而内电解处理中,废水中的有机污染物会在导电介质存在下自动进行电化学反应,并经氧化还原、吸附、絮凝沉淀实现对废水中污染物的分解,从而提高废水的可生化性。本发明的处理方法,操作简单、运行成本低,且对废水中污染物具有较好的处理效果,使废水达到可生化的目的;同时双氧水催化氧化处理与内电解处理运行顺序可随意调换,两者顺序调换不会影响对废水的处理效果,因此该预处理方法具有积极的意义和显著的应用价值。The pretreatment method of the present invention aims at the characteristics that coal chemical wastewater contains inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals and cyanide, and is rich in high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, SS, and difficult-to-biodegrade, toxic and harmful organic substances, and performs flocculation and sedimentation treatment on the wastewater to remove the wastewater Medium SS and some ammonia nitrogen, COD, and heavy metals, catalytic oxidation and internal electrolysis treatment of wastewater, using the synergistic effect of the two, can effectively improve the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, COD, cyanide inorganic substances and heavy metals in wastewater, so as to achieve waste water. The purpose of biochemical properties is to make the wastewater after the above treatment and then biochemical treatment easy to meet the discharge or reuse standards, effectively reducing the pollution to the environment; in the flocculation and sedimentation treatment, the use of composite flocculants can effectively improve the flocculation of SS in wastewater Precipitation ability; in catalytic oxidation treatment, under the action of aeration, the active components in the catalyst can catalyze hydrogen peroxide to produce hydroxyl radicals, which have strong oxidizing properties and can effectively decompose almost all refractory organic pollutants , even organic pollutants can be converted into harmless inorganic substances, and the reaction speed is extremely fast, little or no sludge is produced during the reaction process, no secondary pollution, and the separation of catalyst and waste water is relatively simple; while internal In electrolytic treatment, organic pollutants in wastewater will automatically undergo electrochemical reactions in the presence of conductive media, and decompose pollutants in wastewater through redox, adsorption, flocculation and precipitation, thereby improving the biodegradability of wastewater. The treatment method of the present invention is simple in operation, low in operation cost, and has a good treatment effect on pollutants in waste water, so that waste water can be biochemically achieved; at the same time, the operation sequence of hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation treatment and internal electrolytic treatment can be exchanged at will. The replacement of the sequence will not affect the treatment effect of wastewater, so this pretreatment method has positive significance and significant application value.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,所述絮凝沉淀处理包括两步絮凝沉淀,其一步絮凝沉淀用于对待处理煤化工废水先进性絮凝沉淀,另一步絮凝沉淀用于对内电解处理后的废水进行絮凝沉淀;所述絮凝剂投加量为废水量的0.05~0.1%。As a limitation to the above technical solution, the flocculation-sedimentation treatment includes two steps of flocculation-sedimentation, one-step flocculation-settling is used for advanced flocculation-settling of coal chemical industry wastewater to be treated, and the other-step flocculation-settling is used for flocculation of wastewater after internal electrolytic treatment Precipitation; the dosage of the flocculant is 0.05-0.1% of the waste water.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,所述催化氧化处理置于所述内电解处理之前或所述催化氧化处理置于连接所述内电解处理的絮凝沉淀处理之后;所述催化氧化处理包括串联的多组催化氧化步骤,且每组催化氧化步骤在催化剂、双氧水及曝气条件下反应0.5-2h。As a limitation to the above technical solution, the catalytic oxidation treatment is placed before the internal electrolytic treatment or the catalytic oxidation treatment is placed after the flocculation sedimentation treatment connected to the internal electrolytic treatment; the catalytic oxidation treatment includes multiple A group of catalytic oxidation steps, and each group of catalytic oxidation steps is reacted for 0.5-2h under the condition of catalyst, hydrogen peroxide and aeration.

根据煤化工废水水质的不同,可排布双氧水催化处理和内电解处理的先后顺序,以实现更好的处理效果。According to the different water quality of coal chemical industry wastewater, the sequence of hydrogen peroxide catalytic treatment and internal electrolytic treatment can be arranged to achieve better treatment effect.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,所述内电解处理中,在铁碳填料存在下进行曝气处理。As a limitation to the above technical solution, in the internal electrolysis treatment, aeration treatment is carried out in the presence of iron-carbon fillers.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,经该预处理方法处理后的出水水质COD≤500mg/L,氨氮≤200mg/L,悬浮物≤70mg/L。As a limitation to the above technical solution, after the pretreatment method, the effluent quality COD≤500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤200mg/L, and suspended solids≤70mg/L.

经过本发明的处理,实现了对煤化工废水的高效处理,具有显著的进步。Through the treatment of the present invention, the efficient treatment of coal chemical industry wastewater is realized, which has significant progress.

同时,本发明还提供了一种如上所述的煤化工废水的预处理系统:Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of pretreatment system of coal chemical industry waste water as above:

该预处理系统包括依次相连的第一絮凝沉淀池、若干串联连接的催化氧化塔、内电解反应塔、及第二絮凝沉淀池;于所述第一絮凝沉淀池与第二絮凝沉淀池顶部均设有加药口,底部均设有排污口,所述加药口通过管道与加药箱连接;所述催化氧化塔内底部设有微孔曝气器,所述微孔曝气器通过管道与设置于催化氧化塔外的鼓风机相连;The pretreatment system includes a first flocculation-settling tank connected in sequence, a number of catalytic oxidation towers connected in series, an internal electrolysis reaction tower, and a second flocculation-settling tank; There is a dosing port, and a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom, and the dosing port is connected to the dosing box through a pipeline; the bottom of the catalytic oxidation tower is provided with a microporous aerator, and the microporous aerator passes through a pipeline Connected with the blower arranged outside the catalytic oxidation tower;

所述第一絮凝池侧壁上设有与待处理废水相连的废水进口,所述第二絮凝池侧壁上设有液体排出口。The side wall of the first flocculation tank is provided with a waste water inlet connected to the waste water to be treated, and the side wall of the second flocculation tank is provided with a liquid outlet.

本发明还提供了另一种如上所述的煤化工废水的预处理系统:The present invention also provides another pretreatment system for coal chemical wastewater as described above:

该预处理系统包括依次相连的第一絮凝池、内电解反应塔、第二絮凝沉淀池、及若干串联连接的催化氧化塔;于所述第一絮凝沉淀池与第二絮凝沉淀池顶部均设有加药口,底部均设有排污口,所述加药口通过管道与加药箱练级;所述催化氧化塔内底部设有微孔曝气器,所述微孔曝气器通过管道与设置于催化氧化塔外的鼓风机相连;The pretreatment system includes a first flocculation tank connected in sequence, an internal electrolysis reaction tower, a second flocculation sedimentation tank, and several catalytic oxidation towers connected in series; There is a dosing port, and the bottom is equipped with a sewage outlet. The dosing port is leveled through the pipeline and the dosing box; the bottom of the catalytic oxidation tower is equipped with a microporous aerator, and the microporous aerator passes through the pipeline. Connected with the blower arranged outside the catalytic oxidation tower;

所述第一絮凝沉淀池侧壁上设有与待处理废水相连的废水进口,若干串联连接的所述催化氧化塔中置于上设有液体排出口。The side wall of the first flocculation-sedimentation tank is provided with a waste water inlet connected to the waste water to be treated, and a number of the catalytic oxidation towers connected in series are provided with a liquid outlet.

为配合上述废水预处理方法的应用,同时有效保障废水的净化效果,本发明还提供了两套简单、且易操控的处理系统,以利于煤化工废水的治理,和处理系统的稳定运行。In order to cooperate with the application of the above wastewater pretreatment method and effectively ensure the purification effect of wastewater, the present invention also provides two sets of simple and easy-to-control treatment systems to facilitate the treatment of coal chemical wastewater and the stable operation of the treatment system.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,所述内电解反应塔内底部设有曝气器,所述曝气器通过管道与设置于内电解反应塔外的风机相连。As a limitation to the above technical solution, an aerator is provided at the inner bottom of the inner electrolytic reaction tower, and the aerator is connected to a fan arranged outside the inner electrolytic reaction tower through a pipeline.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,所述催化氧化塔的个数为三个或四个。As a limitation to the above technical solution, the number of the catalytic oxidation towers is three or four.

催化氧化塔的个数可根据水质的不同而进行增加或减少,以实现最高性价比。The number of catalytic oxidation towers can be increased or decreased according to the water quality to achieve the highest cost performance.

作为对上述技术方案的限定,所述催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔上均连接有COD在线监测仪和氨氮在线监测仪。As a limitation to the above technical solution, both the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolysis reaction tower are connected with a COD on-line monitor and an ammonia nitrogen on-line monitor.

COD在线监测仪和氨氮在线监测仪可实时监测催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔内废水的COD和氨氮的指标,以便于实时了解催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔内的反应进程;另外,随着废水在催化氧化塔内不同反应时间监测得到的COD和氨氮指标可对催化氧化塔内催化剂的更换提供指示作用。The COD online monitor and the ammonia nitrogen online monitor can monitor the COD and ammonia nitrogen indicators of the wastewater in the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolytic reaction tower in real time, so as to understand the reaction process in the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolytic reaction tower in real time; The COD and ammonia nitrogen indicators obtained by monitoring different reaction times of wastewater in the catalytic oxidation tower can provide an indication for the replacement of the catalyst in the catalytic oxidation tower.

综上所述,采用本发明的技术方案,获得的废水处理方法,解决了煤化工废水因含有重金属及氰等无机污染物,且富含高浓度氨氮、SS以及难生物降解和有毒有害的有机物而难处理的问题;经该预处理方法处理后,可得到能进行生化处理的废水,该废水直接进行生化处理后可直接排放或回收再利用。本发明的预处理系统,运行稳定,可有效使煤化工废水达到可生化的目的。因此,本发明的煤化工废水的预处理方法和预处理系统,具有积极的推广意义和显著的应用价值。In summary, adopting the technical solution of the present invention, the obtained wastewater treatment method solves the problem of coal chemical wastewater containing inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals and cyanide, and is rich in high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, SS, and refractory, toxic and harmful organic substances. However, it is difficult to deal with the problem; after being treated by the pretreatment method, waste water capable of biochemical treatment can be obtained, and the waste water can be directly discharged or recycled for reuse after being directly subjected to biochemical treatment. The pretreatment system of the invention has stable operation and can effectively make the coal chemical industry wastewater biochemical. Therefore, the pretreatment method and pretreatment system of coal chemical industry wastewater of the present invention have positive popularization significance and remarkable application value.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例中煤化工废水预处理系统的连接示意图;Fig. 1 is the connection schematic diagram of coal chemical industry wastewater pretreatment system in the embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明另一实施例中煤化工废水预处理系统的连接示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of the coal chemical industry wastewater pretreatment system in another embodiment of the present invention.

图中:1-第一絮凝沉淀池;2-催化氧化塔;3-内电解反应塔;4-第二絮凝沉淀池。In the figure: 1-the first flocculation-sedimentation tank; 2-catalytic oxidation tower; 3-internal electrolysis reaction tower; 4-the second flocculation-settling tank.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例一Embodiment one

本实施例涉及一种煤化工废水的处理。This embodiment relates to the treatment of coal chemical wastewater.

将煤化工废水在如下所述的预处理系统中对进行处理:The coal chemical industry wastewater is treated in the following pretreatment system:

沿废水流向,该处理系统包括依次相连的第一絮凝沉淀池、若干串联连接的催化氧化塔、内电解反应塔及第二絮凝沉淀池,于所述第一絮凝沉淀池与第二絮凝沉淀池的顶部均设有加药口,所述加药口通过管道与加药箱连接,用于向第一絮凝沉淀池和第二絮凝沉淀池中加入絮凝剂;于第一絮凝沉淀池与第二絮凝沉淀池的底部均设有排污口,用于排出池底的沉淀物。所述催化氧化塔内底部设有微孔曝气器,所述微孔曝气器通过管道与设置于催化氧化塔外的鼓风机相连。Along the waste water flow direction, the treatment system includes a first flocculation sedimentation tank connected in sequence, a number of catalytic oxidation towers connected in series, an internal electrolysis reaction tower and a second flocculation sedimentation tank. The top of each is equipped with a dosing port, and the dosing port is connected to the dosing box through a pipeline, and is used to add flocculant to the first flocculation-settling tank and the second flocculation-settling tank; between the first flocculation-settling tank and the second The bottom of the flocculation sedimentation tank is equipped with a sewage outlet for discharging the sediment at the bottom of the tank. A microporous aerator is provided at the inner bottom of the catalytic oxidation tower, and the microporous aerator is connected with a blower arranged outside the catalytic oxidation tower through a pipeline.

所述第一絮凝池侧壁上设有与待处理废水相连的废水进口,所述第二絮凝池侧壁上设有液体排出口。The side wall of the first flocculation tank is provided with a waste water inlet connected to the waste water to be treated, and the side wall of the second flocculation tank is provided with a liquid outlet.

为了提高内电解反应塔内对污染物的处理效果,于内电解反应塔内底部设有曝气器,所述曝气器通过管道与设置于内电解反应塔外的风机相连。所述催化氧化塔的个数为三个或四个,而实际反应中催化氧化塔具体的使用个数以所需处理的水质决定。另外,于催化氧化塔和内电解反应塔上均连接有COD在线监测仪和氨氮在线监测仪,用于实时监测催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔内废水的COD和氨氮指标,以便于实时了解催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔内的反应进程;且于催化氧化塔内设置的COD在线监测仪和氨氮在线监测仪还可根据监测的指标随反应时间的变化趋势来指示催化氧化塔内催化剂的更换。In order to improve the treatment effect of pollutants in the inner electrolytic reaction tower, an aerator is arranged at the inner bottom of the inner electrolytic reaction tower, and the aerator is connected with a fan arranged outside the inner electrolytic reaction tower through a pipeline. The number of catalytic oxidation towers is three or four, and the specific number of catalytic oxidation towers used in the actual reaction is determined by the water quality to be treated. In addition, both the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolytic reaction tower are connected with COD online monitors and ammonia nitrogen online monitors, which are used to monitor the COD and ammonia nitrogen indicators of the wastewater in the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolytic reaction tower in real time. The reaction process in the oxidation tower and the internal electrolysis reaction tower; and the COD online monitor and ammonia nitrogen online monitor installed in the catalytic oxidation tower can also indicate the replacement of the catalyst in the catalytic oxidation tower according to the trend of the monitored indicators with the reaction time .

在上述预处理系统中,以如图1的工艺流程图所示,对废水的处理按如下步骤进行:In the above-mentioned pretreatment system, as shown in the process flow diagram of Figure 1, the treatment of waste water is carried out as follows:

a、絮凝沉淀:向待处理废水中加入絮凝剂,所述絮凝剂包括磺酸盐、磷酸酯盐、石灰、硅酸钠、次氯酸钙、羧甲基纤维素钠盐、膨润土、凹凸棒土、火山石粉,絮凝剂投加量为废水量的0.1~0.05%,混合均匀后静沉,得到上层清液。a. Flocculation and precipitation: add flocculants to the wastewater to be treated, the flocculants include sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, lime, sodium silicate, calcium hypochlorite, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, bentonite, attapulgite Soil, volcanic stone powder, flocculant dosage is 0.1-0.05% of the waste water, mixed evenly and then statically settled to obtain the supernatant.

b、双氧水催化氧化:上清液进行串联的多组催化氧化步骤,且每组催化氧化步骤中均向上清液中加入催化剂,所述催化剂由载体及负载于载体上的活性组分构成,载体为硅藻土、沸石、陶粒、分子筛中的至少一种,活性组分包括二氧化硅、氧化钙、氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化亚铁、二氧化钛中的至少一种;随后加入双氧水,混合均匀后,在曝气条件下,反应0.5-2h。b. Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen peroxide: The supernatant is subjected to multiple sets of catalytic oxidation steps in series, and a catalyst is added to the supernatant in each set of catalytic oxidation steps. The catalyst is composed of a carrier and an active component loaded on the carrier. The carrier It is at least one of diatomite, zeolite, ceramsite, and molecular sieve, and the active component includes at least one of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, and titanium dioxide; then add hydrogen peroxide, mix After uniformity, react for 0.5-2h under aeration conditions.

c、内电解:对经步骤b处理后得到的废水进行pH及温度调节,随后向废水中加入铁碳填料,并于废水底部进行曝气操作。c. Internal electrolysis: adjust the pH and temperature of the wastewater obtained after the treatment in step b, then add iron-carbon fillers to the wastewater, and perform aeration operation at the bottom of the wastewater.

d、絮凝沉淀:向经步骤c处理后的废水中加入絮凝剂,所述絮凝剂包括磺酸盐、磷酸酯盐、石灰、硅酸钠、次氯酸钙、羧甲基纤维素钠盐、膨润土、凹凸棒土、火山石粉,絮凝剂投加量为废水量的0.1~0.05%,混合均匀后静沉,得到可生化性的废水溶液。d, flocculation precipitation: add flocculant to the waste water after step c treatment, described flocculant comprises sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, lime, sodium silicate, calcium hypochlorite, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Bentonite, attapulgite, volcanic rock powder, flocculant dosage is 0.1-0.05% of the waste water, mixed uniformly and then statically settled to obtain a biodegradable waste water solution.

处理后出水水质COD≤500mg/L,氨氮≤200mg/L,悬浮物≤70mg/L,使出水可达到《污水综合排放标准》三级排放标准即纳管标准,以便于后续对该废水进行生化处理后进行排放或回用。After treatment, the effluent water quality COD≤500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤200mg/L, and suspended solids≤70mg/L, so that the effluent can meet the third-level discharge standard of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard", that is, the tube standard, so as to facilitate the subsequent biochemical treatment of the wastewater Discharge or reuse after treatment.

实施例二Embodiment two

本实施例涉及一种煤化工废水的处理。This embodiment relates to the treatment of coal chemical wastewater.

将煤化工废水在如下所述的预处理系统中对进行处理:The coal chemical industry wastewater is treated in the following pretreatment system:

沿废水流向,该处理系统包括依次相连的第一絮凝沉淀池、内电解反应塔、第二絮凝沉淀池及若干串联连接的催化氧化塔,于所述第一絮凝沉淀池与第二絮凝沉淀池的顶部均设有加药口,所述加药口通过管道与加药箱连接,用于向第一絮凝沉淀池和第二絮凝沉淀池中加入絮凝剂;于第一絮凝沉淀池与第二絮凝沉淀池的底部均设有排污口,用于排出池底的沉淀物。所述催化氧化塔内底部设有微孔曝气器,所述微孔曝气器通过管道与设置于催化氧化塔外的鼓风机相连。Along the waste water flow direction, the treatment system includes a first flocculation sedimentation tank, an internal electrolytic reaction tower, a second flocculation sedimentation tank, and several catalytic oxidation towers connected in series. The top of each is equipped with a dosing port, and the dosing port is connected to the dosing box through a pipeline, and is used to add flocculant to the first flocculation-settling tank and the second flocculation-settling tank; between the first flocculation-settling tank and the second The bottom of the flocculation sedimentation tank is equipped with a sewage outlet for discharging the sediment at the bottom of the tank. A microporous aerator is provided at the inner bottom of the catalytic oxidation tower, and the microporous aerator is connected with a blower arranged outside the catalytic oxidation tower through a pipeline.

所述第一絮凝池侧壁上设有与待处理废水相连的废水进口,若干串联连接的所述催化氧化塔中置于下游的催化氧化塔上设有液体排出口。The side wall of the first flocculation tank is provided with a waste water inlet connected to the waste water to be treated, and the catalytic oxidation tower placed downstream among the catalytic oxidation towers connected in series is provided with a liquid outlet.

为了提高内电解反应塔内对污染物的预处理效果,于内电解反应塔内底部设有曝气器,所述曝气器通过管道与设置于内电解反应塔外的风机相连。所述催化氧化塔的个数为三个或四个,而实际反应中催化氧化塔具体的使用个数以所需处理的水质决定。另外,于催化氧化塔和内电解反应塔上均连接有COD在线监测仪和氨氮在线监测仪,用于实时监测催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔内废水的COD和氨氮指标,以便于实时了解催化氧化塔与内电解反应塔内的反应进程;且于催化氧化塔内设置的COD在线监测仪和氨氮在线监测仪还可根据监测的指标随反应时间的变化趋势来指示催化氧化塔内催化剂的更换。In order to improve the pretreatment effect on pollutants in the inner electrolytic reaction tower, an aerator is provided at the inner bottom of the inner electrolytic reaction tower, and the aerator is connected with a fan arranged outside the inner electrolytic reaction tower through a pipeline. The number of catalytic oxidation towers is three or four, and the specific number of catalytic oxidation towers used in the actual reaction is determined by the water quality to be treated. In addition, both the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolytic reaction tower are connected with COD online monitors and ammonia nitrogen online monitors, which are used to monitor the COD and ammonia nitrogen indicators of the wastewater in the catalytic oxidation tower and the internal electrolytic reaction tower in real time. The reaction process in the oxidation tower and the internal electrolysis reaction tower; and the COD online monitor and ammonia nitrogen online monitor installed in the catalytic oxidation tower can also indicate the replacement of the catalyst in the catalytic oxidation tower according to the trend of the monitored indicators with the reaction time .

在上述处理系统中,以如图2的工艺流程图所示,对废水的处理按如下步骤进行:In the above-mentioned treatment system, as shown in the process flow diagram of Figure 2, the treatment of waste water is carried out as follows:

a、絮凝沉淀:向待处理废水中加入絮凝剂,所述絮凝剂包括磺酸盐、磷酸酯盐、石灰、硅酸钠、次氯酸钙、羧甲基纤维素钠盐、膨润份、凹凸棒土、火山石粉,絮凝剂投加量为废水量的0.1~0.05%,混合均匀后静沉,得到上层清液。a. Flocculation and precipitation: add flocculants to the waste water to be treated, the flocculants include sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, lime, sodium silicate, calcium hypochlorite, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, swelling fraction, Attapulgite, volcanic rock powder, flocculant dosage is 0.1-0.05% of the waste water, mixed evenly and then statically settled to obtain supernatant liquid.

b、内电解:对上清液进行pH及温度调节,随后向废水中加入铁碳填料,并于废水底部进行曝气操作。b. Internal electrolysis: adjust the pH and temperature of the supernatant, then add iron-carbon fillers to the wastewater, and perform aeration at the bottom of the wastewater.

c、絮凝沉淀:向经步骤b处理后的废水中加入絮凝剂,所述絮凝剂包括磺酸盐、磷酸酯盐、石灰、硅酸钠、次氯酸钙、羧甲基纤维素钠盐、膨润土、凹凸棒土、火山石粉,絮凝剂投加量为废水量的0.1~0.05%,混合均匀后静沉,得到上清液。;c, flocculation precipitation: add flocculant to the waste water after step b treatment, described flocculant comprises sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, lime, sodium silicate, calcium hypochlorite, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, Bentonite, attapulgite, volcanic rock powder, flocculant dosage is 0.1-0.05% of the waste water, mixed evenly and then statically settled to obtain a supernatant. ;

d、双氧水催化氧化:对经步骤c处理后得到的上清液进行串联的多组催化氧化步骤,且每组催化氧化步骤中均向上清液中加入催化剂,所述催化剂由载体及负载于载体上的活性组分构成,载体为硅藻土、沸石、陶粒、分子筛中的至少一种,活性组分包括二氧化硅、氧化钙、氧化铝、氧化铁、氧化亚铁、二氧化钛中的至少一种;随后加入双氧水,混合均匀后,在曝气条件下,反应0.5-2h。d. Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen peroxide: multiple sets of catalytic oxidation steps in series are performed on the supernatant obtained after the treatment in step c, and a catalyst is added to the supernatant in each set of catalytic oxidation steps, and the catalyst is loaded on the carrier by the carrier The active component on the carrier is at least one of diatomaceous earth, zeolite, ceramsite, and molecular sieve, and the active component includes at least one of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, and titanium dioxide. One; then add hydrogen peroxide, mix well, and react for 0.5-2h under aeration conditions.

处理后出水水质COD≤500mg/L,氨氮≤200mg/L,悬浮物≤70mg/L,使出水可达到《污水综合排放标准》三级排放标准即纳管标准,以便于后续对该废水进行生化处理后进行排放或回用。After treatment, the effluent water quality COD≤500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤200mg/L, and suspended solids≤70mg/L, so that the effluent can meet the third-level discharge standard of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard", that is, the tube standard, so as to facilitate the subsequent biochemical treatment of the wastewater Discharge or reuse after treatment.

综上所述,本发明的废水预处理方法,解决了煤化工废水因含有重金属及氰等无机污染物,且富含高浓度氨氮、SS以及难生物降解和有毒有害的有机物而难处理的问题;经该预处理方法处理后,可得到能进行生化处理的废水,该废水直接进行生化处理后可直接排放或回收再利用。本发明的预处理系统,运行稳定,对可有效使煤化工废水达到可生化的目的。因此,本发明的煤化工废水的处理方法和处理系统,具有积极的推广意义和显著的应用价值。In summary, the wastewater pretreatment method of the present invention solves the problem that the coal chemical industry wastewater is difficult to treat because it contains inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals and cyanide, and is rich in high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, SS, and refractory, toxic and harmful organic substances. After being treated by the pretreatment method, waste water capable of biochemical treatment can be obtained, and the waste water can be directly discharged or recycled for reuse after being directly subjected to biochemical treatment. The pretreatment system of the present invention has stable operation and can effectively make the coal chemical industry wastewater biochemical. Therefore, the coal chemical wastewater treatment method and treatment system of the present invention have positive popularization significance and significant application value.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preprocess method of coal chemical industrial waste water, to improve the biodegradability of waste water in order to subsequent biochemical processing, It is characterized in that, this method includes flocculation sediment processing, catalytic oxidation treatment, Inner electrolysis processing;
In the flocculation sediment processing, flocculant includes following components:Sulfonate, phosphate ester salt, lime part, sodium metasilicate, secondary chlorine Sour calcium, sanlose, bentonite, attapulgite, volcano stone flour;
In the catalytic oxidation treatment, catalyst is made of carrier and the active component being carried on carrier, and the carrier is silicon At least one of diatomaceous earth, zeolite, haydite, molecular sieve, the active component include silica, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, oxidation At least one of iron, ferrous oxide, titanium dioxide;Oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.
2. the preprocess method of coal chemical industrial waste water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The flocculation sediment processing packet Two step flocculation sediments are included, one step flocculation sediment is used to first carry out flocculation sediment, another step flocculation to pending coal chemical industrial waste water Precipitation to Inner electrolysis treated waste water for carrying out flocculation sediment;
The flocculant dosage is the 0.05~0.1% of wastewater flow rate.
3. the preprocess method of coal chemical industrial waste water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The catalytic oxidation treatment is set Before Inner electrolysis processing or the catalytic oxidation treatment is placed in the Inner electrolysis and handles the flocculation sediment in downstream and handles it Afterwards;
The catalytic oxidation treatment includes concatenated multigroup catalytic oxidation stage, and every group of catalytic oxidation stage is in catalyst, double 0.5-2h is reacted under the presence of oxygen water and aeration condition.
4. the preprocess method of coal chemical industrial waste water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In the Inner electrolysis processing, Air Exposure is carried out in the presence of iron carbon filler.
5. the preprocess method of coal chemical industrial waste water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is handled through the preprocess method Effluent quality COD≤500mg/L afterwards, ammonia nitrogen≤200mg/L, suspended matter≤70mg/L.
6. a kind of pretreatment system of coal chemical industrial waste water as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The pretreatment system includes the first flocculation sedimentation tank being sequentially connected, several catalysis oxidizing towers being connected in series with, Inner electrolysis Reaction tower and the second flocculation sedimentation tank;It is equipped with dosing mouth at the top of first flocculation sedimentation tank and the second flocculation sedimentation tank, Bottom is equipped with sewage draining exit, and the dosing mouth is connect by pipeline with dosing tank;Bottom is equipped with micropore in the catalysis oxidizing tower Aerator, the micro-hole aerator are connected by pipeline with the air blower being set to outside catalysis oxidizing tower;
The first flocculation basin side wall is equipped with the waste water inlet being connected with pending waste water, is set on the second flocculation basin side wall There is liquid outlet.
7. a kind of pretreatment system of coal chemical industrial waste water as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The pretreatment system includes the first flocculation basin being sequentially connected, Inner electrolysis reaction tower, the second flocculation sedimentation tank and several strings Join the catalysis oxidizing tower of connection;It is equipped with dosing mouth, bottom at the top of first flocculation sedimentation tank and the second flocculation sedimentation tank It is equipped with sewage draining exit, the dosing mouth practices grade by pipeline and dosing tank;Bottom is equipped with micro-pore aeration in the catalysis oxidizing tower Device, the micro-hole aerator are connected by pipeline with the air blower being set to outside catalysis oxidizing tower;
The first flocculation sedimentation tank side wall is equipped with the waste water inlet that is connected with pending waste water, it is several be connected in series with it is described The catalysis oxidizing tower that downstream is placed in catalysis oxidizing tower is equipped with liquid outlet.
8. the pretreatment system of the coal chemical industrial waste water described according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that:The Inner electrolysis reaction Bottom is equipped with aerator in tower, and the aerator is connected by pipeline with the wind turbine being set to outside Inner electrolysis reaction tower.
9. the pretreatment system of the coal chemical industrial waste water described according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that:The catalysis oxidizing tower Number be three or four.
10. the pretreatment system of the coal chemical industrial waste water described according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that:The catalysis oxidizing tower With COD on-line computing models and ammonia nitrogen on-line computing model are respectively connected on Inner electrolysis reaction tower.
CN201810425816.7A 2018-05-07 2018-05-07 The preprocess method and pretreatment system of coal chemical industrial waste water Pending CN108383299A (en)

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Application publication date: 20180810