CN108383236B - Method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating microbial flocs with ferrate - Google Patents
Method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating microbial flocs with ferrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108383236B CN108383236B CN201810278909.1A CN201810278909A CN108383236B CN 108383236 B CN108383236 B CN 108383236B CN 201810278909 A CN201810278909 A CN 201810278909A CN 108383236 B CN108383236 B CN 108383236B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1215—Combinations of activated sludge treatment with precipitation, flocculation, coagulation and separation of phosphates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating microbial flocs with ferrate, relates to a method for activating microbial flocs with ferrate, and aims to solve the problems of low activity and low pollutant removal effect of the conventional activated sludge method. The method for activating the microbial flocs comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a ferrate solution; secondly, respectively spraying and mixing a ferrate solution and the sludge flocs through two pipelines to carry out contact reaction, and activating the sludge through the ferrate to obtain the sludge flocs with the activity of a nascent state interface; thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the activity of the nascent interface to the biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment. By using the ferrate activated microbial floc prepared by the method, the sludge retention time in a biological treatment reactor can be reduced to 1/2-1/4 of that of a conventional treatment process; the COD removal rate can reach 80-98 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate can reach 20-50 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for activating microbial flocs by using ferrate.
Background
With the current social and economic development, the national requirements for environmental protection are increasingly strict. Water pollution control is becoming a major aspect of people's living standard. The currently more common and economical sewage treatment technology is the activated sludge process. The traditional activated sludge process mixes and agitates wastewater and activated sludge microorganisms and aerates them to decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater, and biosolids are then separated from the treated wastewater and partially returned to an aeration tank as required, consisting of a biochemical tank, a sedimentation tank, a sludge return system and an aeration system. The traditional activated sludge method is used as a mature treatment process in the field of sewage treatment, and is very widely applied, but sludge flocs or biological membranes are generally difficult to culture and form, the waste of aeration energy consumption is large, and the water outlet effect is difficult to ensure.
The activated sludge contains a large amount of microorganisms and organic matters, but the acclimatization and culture time of the sludge is long, the backflow mainly plays a role in inoculation, and if the sludge backflow is not adopted, the treatment capacity of new sludge is very limited, and the backflow is also a process for accelerating the propagation of the microorganisms. According to the interfacial tension and surface potential energy distribution principle in physical chemistry, the smaller the floc particle size is, the higher the reaction activity is, and the higher the mass transfer efficiency is. However, the particle size of the main biological flocs in the aeration biological reaction tank in the traditional activated sludge is about 500 um-3 mm, so that the mass transfer efficiency and the reaction activity are greatly limited, the biochemical mass transfer and biochemical reaction efficiency are inhibited, the energy consumption in the operation process is high, the pollutant removal effect is low, the effluent quality is unstable, and the sludge bulking is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low activity and low pollutant removal effect of the existing activated sludge method, and provides a method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating microbial flocs with ferrate.
The method for improving the coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating the microbial flocs with ferrate is realized by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a ferrate solution;
secondly, respectively spraying and mixing the ferrate solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs through two pipelines to perform contact reaction, controlling the contact reaction time within 1-3 min, and activating the sludge through the ferrate to obtain the sludge flocs with the activity of a nascent state interface;
thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the nascent state interface activity obtained in the second step to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment.
The ferrate is a water treatment agent with high oxidation-reduction potential, strong reaction selectivity with organic matters, green and nontoxic reduction product ferric iron and strong coagulation and flocculation effects. At the moment when ferrate is in quick contact with sludge, extracellular polymers are only damaged, the cutting effect on sludge floc is generated, the particle size of the sludge floc is reduced, and the integrity of sludge bacteria is hardly influenced. Because of the in-situ cutting effect of the ferrate on the sludge flocs, the formation of the microbial flocs on a new ecological interface can be realized, so that the activity of the microbial flocs and the biochemical treatment effect of the urban sewage are greatly improved.
By using the ferrate activated microbial floc prepared by the method, the sludge retention time in a biological treatment reactor can be reduced to 1/2-1/4 of that of a conventional treatment process; the COD removal rate can reach 80-98 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate can reach 20-50 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a contact reaction of a ferrate solution mixed with sludge flocs.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for improving the coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating the microbial flocs with ferrate is implemented according to the following steps:
firstly, preparing a ferrate solution;
secondly, respectively spraying and mixing the ferrate solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs through two pipelines (fast) to perform a contact reaction, controlling the contact reaction time within 1-3 min, and activating the sludge through the ferrate to obtain the sludge flocs with the activity of a nascent state interface;
thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the nascent state interface activity obtained in the second step to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment.
The structure schematic diagram of the mixing contact reaction of the secondary ferrate solution and the sludge in the step of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the sludge and the biological flocs in the microbial sewage treatment device 1 flow into the mixing device 2 (such as a water pump) through the discharge port 1-1, the ferrate solution in the ferrate solution storage device 3 flows into the mixing device 2 through a water pipe, and the sludge, the biological flocs and the ferrate solution are in contact reaction in the mixing device 2 and then flow back to the microbial sewage treatment device 1 through the return pipe 4. In the second step, the ferrate solution and the sludge flocs are completely mixed by two pipelines, the specific conditions of jet mixing are not limited, and the in-situ cutting effect of the sludge flocs can be better achieved through jet mixing.
In the second step of the embodiment, after the ferrate activates the sludge flocs, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction mixture is rapidly increased to 2-20 mg/L. One part of the dissolved oxygen comes from oxygen generated after ferrate self-decomposition, and the other part of the dissolved oxygen is micro-flocs generated after reaction, which have strong interfacial activity and adsorption capacity, and a large amount of oxygen is absorbed from the air at the moment after the injection reaction.
The embodiment develops a method for activating microbial flocs and improving the coagulation and dephosphorization performance of the microbial flocs by utilizing the characteristics that ferrate has higher oxidation-reduction potential, strong reaction selectivity with organic matters, good coagulation aiding effect of reaction products of ferric iron and good dephosphorization efficiency, and the like, and solves the problems of low activity, high energy consumption, unstable pollutant removal effect and easy sludge bulking of the existing activated sludge method.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the concentration of the ferrate solution in the first step is 80-150 mmol/L.
The third concrete implementation mode: the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the concentration of the ferrate solution in the first step is 90-140 mmol/L.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first to the third embodiments in that the ferrate in the first step is one or more of potassium ferrate complex agent, sodium ferrate complex agent and calcium ferrate complex agent.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between the embodiment and the first to the fourth embodiment is that the concentration of the high iron in the mixed liquid obtained by the contact reaction of the ferrate solution in the second step and the sludge flocs is 5-50 mg/L.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between the embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the concentration of the high iron (high-valence iron salt) in the mixed solution obtained by the contact reaction of the ferrate solution in the step II and the sludge is 5-15 mg/L.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is that the sludge flocs in the second settling tank are sludge flocs in the second settling tank.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the difference between the present embodiment and one of the first to seventh embodiments is that the particle size of the sludge flocs with the ecological interface activity obtained in the second step is 5um to 85 um.
The ferrate activates the sludge to form biological flocs with ecological interface activity, the particle size of the biological flocs is normally distributed in the range of 5-85 um, and the biological flocs have huge adsorption capacity and reaction activity.
The specific implementation method nine: the difference between this embodiment and the first to eighth embodiments is that the biological treatment reactor in the third step is a mixed flow type biological reactor, a plug flow type biological reactor or an SBR reactor.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the difference between the present embodiment and one of the first to ninth embodiments is that the particle size of the sludge flocs in the biological treatment reactor in the third step is 65 um-2 mm.
The sludge floc has high mass transfer interface and reaction rate, and the micro floc organisms are in a high-activity state, so that the whole metabolic efficiency is improved.
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by using ferrate to activate microbial floc is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a sodium ferrate composite medicament solution, wherein the concentration of the sodium ferrate is 140 mmol/L;
secondly, the sodium ferrate solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs are respectively subjected to rapid spraying and mixing through two pipelines to perform contact reaction, the concentration of high iron in the mixed solution is controlled to be 10mg/L during the reaction, the contact reaction time is within 1min, and the sludge flocs with the activity of a new ecological interface are obtained after the sludge is activated by the sodium ferrate, the particle size of the sludge flocs is normally distributed in the range of 45-55 um, and the sludge flocs have huge adsorption capacity and reaction activity;
and thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the activity of the nascent interface obtained in the second step to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment, wherein the particle size of the flocs in the reactor is about 95 um-1 mm, the sludge flocs have high mass transfer interface and reaction rate, the micro-floc organisms are in a high-activity state, and the whole metabolic efficiency is improved.
In the second step of this example, after the sludge flocs are activated by the sodium ferrate composite reagent, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture is rapidly increased to 5 mg/L.
In the second step of this embodiment, after the sodium ferrate composite reagent activates the sludge flocs, not only the metabolic rate of the sludge flocs to the organic matters is significantly increased, but also the iron oxide formed after the ferrate is reduced has good flocculation characteristics, and after the iron oxide is mixed with the activated sludge flocs, the settleability of the sludge flocs can be increased. Standing the sludge (with water content above 98%) generated in conventional treatment process for 30min to obtain sludge sedimentation ratio (SV)30) 20 to 35 percent; the sedimentation ratio (SV) of the sludge flocs activated by the sodium ferrate composite medicament in the example30) 10 to 30 percent.
The biological treatment reactor in the third step of the embodiment is a mixed flow type biological reactor, the sludge retention time can be reduced to 1/2 of the conventional treatment process, the COD removal rate can reach 95%, and the total phosphorus removal rate can reach 45%.
Example two: the method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by using ferrate to activate microbial floc is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a potassium ferrate composite medicament solution, wherein the concentration of potassium ferrate is 110 mmol/L;
secondly, the potassium ferrate solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs are respectively subjected to contact reaction through quick injection and mixing of two pipelines, the concentration of high iron in the mixed solution is controlled to be 7mg/L during the reaction, the contact reaction time is within 2.5min, the sludge flocs with the activity of a new ecological interface are obtained after the sludge is activated by the potassium ferrate, the particle size of the sludge flocs is normally distributed within the range of 65-85 um, and the sludge flocs have huge adsorption capacity and reaction activity;
and thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the activity of the nascent interface obtained in the second step to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment, wherein the particle size of the flocs in the reactor is about 95 um-1 mm, the sludge flocs have high mass transfer interface and reaction rate, the micro-floc organisms are in a high-activity state, and the whole metabolic efficiency is improved.
In the second step of this example, after the potassium ferrate composite reagent activates sludge flocs, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture is rapidly increased to 10 mg/L.
The biological treatment reactor in the third step of the embodiment is a plug flow type biological reactor, and the sludge retention time can be reduced to 1/3 of the conventional treatment process; the COD removal rate can reach 90 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate reaches 40 percent.
Example three: the method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by using ferrate to activate microbial floc is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a calcium ferrate composite medicament solution, wherein the concentration of the calcium ferrate is 90 mmol/L;
secondly, the calcium ferrate solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs are respectively subjected to rapid spraying and mixing through two pipelines to perform contact reaction, the concentration of high iron in the mixed solution is controlled to be 5mg/L during the reaction, the contact reaction time is within 2min, the sludge flocs with the activity of a new ecological interface are obtained after the sludge is activated through the calcium ferrate, the particle size of the sludge flocs is normally distributed in the range of 85-95 um, and the sludge flocs have huge adsorption capacity and reaction activity;
and thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the activity of the nascent interface obtained in the second step to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment, wherein the particle size of the flocs in the reactor is about 120 um-1.5 mm, the sludge flocs have high mass transfer interface and reaction rate, the micro-floc organisms are in a high-activity state, and the whole metabolic efficiency is improved.
In the second step of this example, after the sludge flocs are activated by the calcium ferrate composite reagent, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture is rapidly increased to 6 mg/L.
The biological treatment reactor in the third step of the embodiment is a plug flow type biological reactor, and the sludge retention time can be reduced to 1/3 of the conventional treatment process; the COD removal rate can reach 95 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate reaches 50 percent.
Example four: the method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by using ferrate to activate microbial floc is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a potassium ferrate composite medicament solution, wherein the concentration of potassium ferrate is 100 mmol/L;
secondly, the potassium ferrate composite reagent solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs are respectively subjected to contact reaction through quick injection and mixing of two pipelines, the concentration of high iron in the mixed solution is controlled to be 12mg/L during the reaction, the contact reaction time is within 3min, the sludge flocs with the activity of a new ecological interface are obtained after the sludge is activated by the potassium ferrate, the particle size of the sludge flocs is normally distributed within the range of 85-95 um, and the sludge flocs have huge adsorption capacity and reaction activity;
and thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the activity of the nascent interface obtained in the second step to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment, wherein the particle size of the flocs in the reactor is about 120 um-1.5 mm, the sludge flocs have high mass transfer interface and reaction rate, the micro-floc organisms are in a high-activity state, and the whole metabolic efficiency is improved.
In the second step of this example, after the potassium ferrate composite reagent activates sludge flocs, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture is rapidly increased to 15 mg/L.
The biological treatment reactor in the third step of the embodiment is an SBR biological reactor, and the sludge retention time can be reduced to 1/2 of the conventional treatment process; the COD removal rate can reach 95 percent, and the total phosphorus removal rate reaches 40 percent.
Claims (8)
1. The method for improving coagulation and dephosphorization performance by activating microbial flocs with ferrate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, preparing a ferrate solution;
secondly, respectively spraying and mixing the ferrate solution obtained in the first step and sludge flocs through two pipelines to perform contact reaction, controlling the contact reaction time within 1-3 min, generating an in-situ cutting effect on the sludge flocs, and activating the sludge through the ferrate to obtain the sludge flocs with the activity of a nascent interface;
thirdly, returning the sludge flocs with the nascent state interface activity obtained in the step two to a biological treatment reactor for biochemical treatment;
wherein the concentration of the high iron in the mixed liquid obtained by the contact reaction of the ferrate solution and the sludge flocs in the step II is 5-15 mg/L.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the ferrate solution in the first step is 80-150 mmol/L.
3. The method of claim 2, where the concentration of the ferrate solution in step one is 90-140 mmol/L.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the ferrate is one or more of potassium ferrate complex, sodium ferrate complex, and calcium ferrate complex.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sludge flocs in step two are sludge flocs in a secondary sedimentation tank.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sludge flocs with nascent interfacial activity obtained in step two have a particle size of 5 μm to 85 μm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the biological treatment reactor in step three is a mixed flow type bioreactor, a plug flow type bioreactor or a SBR reactor.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the particle size of sludge flocs in the biological treatment reactor in step three is 65 μm-2 mm.
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