CN108375832B - Augmented reality display optical module and augmented reality display system - Google Patents
Augmented reality display optical module and augmented reality display system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108375832B CN108375832B CN201810357531.4A CN201810357531A CN108375832B CN 108375832 B CN108375832 B CN 108375832B CN 201810357531 A CN201810357531 A CN 201810357531A CN 108375832 B CN108375832 B CN 108375832B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0136—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour for the control of polarisation, e.g. state of polarisation [SOP] control, polarisation scrambling, TE-TM mode conversion or separation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1313—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells specially adapted for a particular application
Abstract
The invention provides an augmented reality display optical module and an augmented reality display system. The augmented reality display system comprises an augmented reality display optical module and an image display device. The augmented reality display optical module comprises an electric control liquid crystal polarizing element, a polarizing beam-splitting element, a first reflecting element, a second reflecting element, a third reflecting element, a first reflecting amplifying element and a second reflecting amplifying element. The image display device sequentially outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed by reflection and convergence of the first reflection amplifying element and the second reflection amplifying element can be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user. The augmented reality display optical module and the augmented reality display system have the characteristics of large field of view and high resolution, and are small in size relative to the augmented reality display system with the traditional display optical module and the augmented reality display system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality, in particular to an augmented reality display optical module and an augmented reality display system.
Background
Augmented reality (AR, augmented Reality) is a technology for performing reality augmentation on a real scene by using virtual objects or information, and is widely used in various fields such as scientific research, military, industry, games, video, education, and the like. At present, a mainstream augmented reality display system generally adopts a miniature image display as an image source and is matched with a traditional display optical module (a semi-reflective semi-transparent plane mirror and a traditional visual optical system) to realize augmented display. Limited to the state of the art and technology, the resolution of miniature image displays is difficult to increase. Moreover, the display field of view of the conventional display optical module is closely related to the volume of the display optical module. The display field is increased, and the volume of the conventional display optical module is increased dramatically. Therefore, the currently mainstream augmented reality display systems have problems of low resolution, and small field of view or large volume.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact augmented reality display optical module with a large field of view and high resolution and an augmented reality display system, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the preferred embodiment of the invention provides an augmented reality display optical module, which comprises an electric control liquid crystal polarization element, a polarization beam splitting element, a first reflecting element, a second reflecting element, a third reflecting element, a first reflecting amplifying element and a second reflecting amplifying element;
the image display device sequentially outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, wherein the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are collimated parallel light beams with a first linear polarization direction, each image to be displayed comprises a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light corresponds to the first sub-image to be displayed, and the second beam of sub-image light corresponds to the second sub-image to be displayed;
the electronic control liquid crystal polarization element is arranged on an emergent light path of the image display device and is used for changing the polarization direction of the incident second beam of sub-image light rays or the first beam of sub-image light rays with the first linear polarization direction into the second linear polarization direction after the control voltage is applied, and the second linear polarization direction is orthogonal to the first linear polarization direction;
the polarization light splitting element is arranged on an emergent light path of the electric control liquid crystal polarization element and is used for transmitting the sub-image light rays in the first linear polarization direction and reflecting the sub-image light rays in the second linear polarization direction;
the first reflection amplifying element is arranged on an emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a first beam of sub-image light rays or a second beam of sub-image light rays in a first linear polarization direction which penetrate through the polarization beam splitting element so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed or a second sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
the first reflecting element, the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element are sequentially arranged on the other emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and are used for reflecting the second beam of sub-image light rays or the first beam of sub-image light rays in the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization beam splitting element to the second reflecting amplifying element;
the second reflection amplifying element is arranged on an emergent light path of the third reflection element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a second beam of sub-image light rays or a first beam of sub-image light rays in a second linear polarization direction reflected by the third reflection element so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed or a first sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
after the image display device outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed by human eyes can be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user;
the real world ambient light enters the human eye through the augmented reality display optical module to form an ambient image.
Optionally, the first, second and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements.
Optionally, the first and second reflective elements are concave reflective elements and the third reflective element is a planar reflective element.
Optionally, the first reflective element and the third reflective element are concave reflective elements, and the second reflective element is a planar reflective element.
Optionally, the first reflective element is a concave reflective element, and the second and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements.
Optionally, the first reflective element is a concave reflective element, the second reflective element is a convex reflective element, and the third reflective element is a planar reflective element.
Optionally, the augmented reality display optical module further includes a light absorbing element disposed on a side of the polarization splitting element away from the first reflecting element.
Optionally, the augmented reality display optical module further comprises a polarization conversion element;
the polarization conversion element is arranged between the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting element, or between the first reflecting element and the second reflecting element, or between the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element, or between the third reflecting element and the second reflecting amplifying element, or between the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting amplifying element.
Optionally, the medium with refractive index is filled between the elements of the augmented reality display optical module.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides an augmented reality display system, including an image display device and the above-mentioned augmented reality display optical module.
According to the augmented reality display optical module and the augmented reality display system, the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed are formed on human eyes through ingenious integration and design of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing element, the polarization beam splitter element, the first reflecting element, the second reflecting element, the third reflecting element, the first reflecting amplifying element and the second reflecting amplifying element, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed on human eyes are spliced into the image to be displayed in a visual mode of a user by utilizing a visual residual effect. Therefore, the angle of view of the augmented reality display optical module and the augmented reality display system is equal to the sum of the angles of view of the first reflective amplifying element and the second reflective amplifying element. And, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same and equal to the resolution of the image to be displayed. Therefore, the augmented reality display optical module and the augmented reality display system have high resolution while displaying large-view-field images, and have smaller volume compared with the augmented reality display optical module and the augmented reality display system with the traditional display optical module. Meanwhile, the imaging method of the augmented reality display optical module and the augmented reality display system based on the reflection imaging principle enables images after reflection and convergence to have no chromatic aberration, and the center and the edge of the amplified images have consistent definition based on the amplified imaging of beamlets.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described. It is to be understood that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the person of ordinary skill in the art may admit to other equally relevant drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the augmented reality display system shown in fig. 1 for displaying an image to be displayed.
Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of an optical path of the augmented reality display system shown in fig. 1 for displaying an image to be displayed.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed formed by the augmented reality display system shown in fig. 1, which are visually stitched into an image to be displayed by a user.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Icon 1-augmented reality display system; 10-an augmented reality display optical module; 50-an image display device; 11-an electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element; 13-a polarization beam splitter; 15-a first reflective amplifying element; 17-a first reflective element; 19-a second reflective element; 21-a third reflective element; 23-a second reflective amplifying element; 25-a light absorbing element; 27-polarization conversion element.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as merely or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The augmented reality display system 1 can be applied to an augmented reality device such as an HMD (Head Mount Display, head mounted type visual device), smart glasses, and the like, without limitation. The augmented reality display system 1 comprises an augmented reality display optical module 10 and an image display device 50. The augmented reality display optical module 10 includes an electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, a polarization splitting element 13, a first reflective amplifying element 15, a first reflective element 17, a second reflective element 19, a third reflective element 21, and a second reflective amplifying element 23.
In the case of performing the augmented reality display, the augmented reality display optical module 10 needs to be matched with the image display device 50 to construct the augmented reality display system 1. The image display device 50 is configured to sequentially output a first sub-image light beam and a second sub-image light beam of an image to be displayed, where the first sub-image light beam and the second sub-image light beam are collimated parallel light beams having a first linear polarization direction. The image to be displayed is a virtual image displayed by the augmented reality display system 1, i.e. a virtual display of artificial additional information to the real world environment. Each image to be displayed comprises a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed. In order to improve the display effect, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same. And the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same or different in size. The first beam of sub-image light corresponds to a first sub-image to be displayed, that is, the image display device 50 outputs the first beam of sub-image light according to the first sub-image to be displayed. The second beam of sub-image light corresponds to a second sub-image to be displayed, that is, the image display device 50 outputs the second beam of sub-image light according to the second sub-image to be displayed. In practical implementation, the image display device 50 may be composed of a transmissive or reflective LOCS display source and an illumination light source assembly capable of outputting collimated parallel light illumination, or may be composed of a fiber scanning imaging system and a collimation system. In this embodiment, the image display device 50 is composed of a transmissive LOCS display source and an illumination light source assembly capable of outputting collimated parallel light illumination.
The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the image display device 50. The electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is configured to change the phase of an incident polarized light beam (the first sub-image light beam or the second sub-image light beam) after the control voltage is applied, and change the polarization direction of the first sub-image light beam or the second sub-image light beam to a second linear polarization direction. When the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 changes the phase of the incident polarized light beam by pi phase after the control voltage is applied, the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is equivalent to a 1/2 glass slide, and the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction are orthogonal. That is, the first sub-image light and the second sub-image light are collimated parallel light beams having the first linear polarization direction, and the first sub-image light or the second sub-image light after the phase change of the first sub-image light or the second sub-image light by the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is collimated parallel light beams having the second linear polarization direction. Wherein the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction are orthogonal.
The polarization beam splitter 13 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 11, and is configured to transmit the sub-image light in the first linear polarization direction and reflect the sub-image light in the second linear polarization direction.
The first reflection amplifying element 15 is disposed on an outgoing light path of the polarization beam splitter 13, and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element. The first reflection amplifying element 15 is configured to reflect and converge the sub-image light in the first linear polarization direction that passes through the polarization splitting element 13, so as to form a sub-image to be displayed on a human eye.
The first reflecting element 17 is disposed on the other outgoing optical path of the polarization beam splitter 13. The first reflecting element 17 is configured to reflect the sub-image light beam with the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization splitting element 13 to the second reflecting element 19.
The second reflecting element 19 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the first reflecting element 17, and is configured to reflect the sub-image light in the second linear polarization direction reflected by the first reflecting element 17 to the third reflecting element 21.
The third reflecting element 21 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the second reflecting element 19, and is configured to reflect the sub-image light beam in the second linear polarization direction reflected by the second reflecting element 19 to the second reflection amplifying element 23.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the first reflecting element 17, the second reflecting element 19 and the third reflecting element 21 are plane reflecting elements, which have only the function of turning the optical path, and have no function of enlarging or reducing the size of the sub-image light transmitted from the polarization beam splitting element 13.
The second reflection amplifying element 23 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the third reflection element 21, and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element. The second reflection amplifying element 23 is configured to reflect and converge the sub-image light in the second linear polarization direction reflected by the third reflection element 21, so as to form a sub-image to be displayed on a human eye.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the first reflection amplifying element 15 and the second reflection amplifying element 23 are planar reflection diffraction elements.
When the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is used to change the phase of the incident second beam of sub-image light after the control voltage is applied, the process of performing one virtual image display by the augmented reality display system 1 provided in this embodiment is as follows: dividing one image to be displayed into two sub-images to be displayed in the horizontal direction, and respectively recording the two sub-images to be displayed as a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed. As shown in fig. 2, the image display device 50 outputs a first beam of sub-image light according to a first sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having a first linear polarization direction. The first sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is reflected and converged by the first reflection amplifying element 15 after passing through the polarization splitting element 13 without applying a control voltage to the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed on the human eye. The image display device 50 outputs a second beam of sub-image light according to the second sub-image to be displayed, the second beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having the first linear polarization direction. A control voltage is applied to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 and the second beam of sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is converted by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 into a second beam of sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction. The second sub-image light with the second linear polarization direction is reflected by the polarization splitting element 13, the first reflecting element 17, the second reflecting element 19 and the third reflecting element 21 in sequence, and then transmitted to the second reflection amplifying element 23, and reflected and converged by the second reflection amplifying element 23, so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed on the human eye.
When the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is used to change the phase of the incident first beam of sub-image light after the control voltage is applied, the process of performing one virtual image display by the augmented reality display system 1 provided in this embodiment is as follows: dividing one image to be displayed into two sub-images to be displayed in the horizontal direction, and respectively recording the two sub-images to be displayed as a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed. As shown in fig. 3, the image display device 50 outputs a first beam of sub-image light according to a first sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having a first linear polarization direction. A control voltage is applied to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 and the first beam of sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is converted by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 into the first beam of sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction. The first sub-image light with the second linear polarization direction is reflected by the polarization splitting element 13, the first reflecting element 17, the second reflecting element 19 and the third reflecting element 21 in sequence, and then transmitted to the second reflection amplifying element 23, and reflected and converged by the second reflection amplifying element 23, so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed on the human eye. The image display device 50 outputs a second beam of sub-image light according to the second sub-image to be displayed, the second beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having the first linear polarization direction. The second beam of sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is reflected and converged by the first reflection amplifying element 15 after passing through the polarization splitting element 13 without applying a control voltage to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed on the human eye.
In the above process, the process of forming the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed in the human eye is retinal imaging, so that clear imaging can be performed in the whole display field of view. The first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed respectively formed on the human eyes can be spliced into the images to be displayed visually by adjusting the frequency of outputting each sub-image light by the image display device 50 and the time interval of outputting each image to be displayed, and by matching with adjusting the working state of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, etc., by utilizing the principle of vision residue, as shown in fig. 4.
Real world ambient light enters the human eye through the augmented reality display optical module 10 to form an ambient image.
According to the augmented reality display optical module 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention, through ingenious integration and design of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing element 11, the polarization splitting element 13, the first reflecting element 17, the second reflecting element 19, the third reflecting element 21, the first reflecting amplifying element 15 and the second reflecting amplifying element 23, a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed are formed on human eyes, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed on human eyes are spliced into the images to be displayed in a visual way by a user by utilizing a visual residual effect. Therefore, the angle of view of the augmented reality display optical module 10 is equal to the sum of the angles of view of the first reflective amplifying element 15 and the second reflective amplifying element 23. And, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same and equal to the resolution of the image to be displayed. Therefore, the augmented reality display optical module 10 has a large field of view image display and high resolution, and has a smaller volume than an augmented reality display optical module having a conventional display optical module. Meanwhile, the imaging method of the augmented reality display optical module 10 based on the reflection imaging principle enables images after reflection and convergence to have no chromatic aberration, and the magnified imaging based on beamlets enables the center and the edge of the magnified images to have consistent definition.
Based on the above inventive concept, the specific structure of the augmented reality display system 1 may also be, but is not limited to, as shown in fig. 5 to 12. Since the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 1 includes two similar operating principles shown in fig. 2 and 3, and the operating principles shown in fig. 2 and 3 are the same for the augmented reality display optical module 10. Therefore, in the description of fig. 5 to 11, only the operation principle shown in fig. 2 is taken as an example for the sake of economy. It should be understood that for ease of description, the augmented reality display optical module 10 shown in fig. 1-12 is presented in a monocular form. Those skilled in the art can deduce the structure of the augmented reality display optical module 10 when it is binocular according to the structure shown in fig. 1 to 12.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first reflecting element 17 and the second reflecting element 19 are not planar reflecting elements, but concave reflecting elements. In particular, the reflective working surfaces of the first reflective element 17 and the second reflective element 19 may be concave reflective curved surfaces or reflective diffraction planes having a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflective working surfaces of the first reflective element 17 and the second reflective element 19 are concave reflective curved surfaces. In a specific implementation, the focal lengths of the first reflecting element 17 and the second reflecting element 19 may be designed to be the same, and the distance between the first reflecting element 17 and the second reflecting element 19 along the optical axis may be made to be a focal length value twice. As shown in fig. 5, the focal length of the first reflective element 17 is F3, and the distance along the optical axis between the first reflective element 17 and the third reflective element 21 is L34, l34=2×f3. This design allows the second sub-image light reflected and converted by the first reflecting element 17 and the second reflecting element 19 to have the same image resolution as the second sub-image light outputted from the image display device 50. And when the sizes of the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are consistent, the design can also enable the effective optical caliber of the first reflection amplifying element 15 and the effective optical caliber of the second reflection amplifying element 23 to be the same, so that the design, the processing cost and the assembly difficulty of each element can be reduced, and the mass production of the augmented reality display optical module 10 is facilitated. Of course, in other embodiments, the focal lengths of the first reflecting element 17 and the second reflecting element 19 may be different, which is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first reflecting element 17 and the third reflecting element 21 are not planar reflecting elements, but concave reflecting elements. Similarly, in implementation, the reflective working surfaces of the first reflective element 17 and the third reflective element 21 may be concave reflective curved surfaces or reflective diffraction planes having a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflective working surfaces of the first reflective element 17 and the third reflective element 21 are concave reflective curved surfaces. In a specific implementation, the focal lengths of the first reflecting element 17 and the third reflecting element 21 may be designed to be the same, and the distance between the first reflecting element 17 and the third reflecting element 21 along the optical axis may be made to be a focal length value twice. As shown in fig. 6, the focal length of the first reflective element 17 is F3, and the distance between the first reflective element 17 and the third reflective element 21 along the optical axis is l34+l45, l34+l45=2×f3. This design allows the second sub-image light reflected and converted by the first reflecting element 17, the second reflecting element 19 and the third reflecting element 21 to have the same image resolution as the second sub-image light outputted from the image display device 50. And when the sizes of the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are consistent, the design can also enable the effective optical caliber of the first reflection amplifying element 15 and the effective optical caliber of the second reflection amplifying element 23 to be the same, so that the design, the processing cost and the assembly difficulty of each element can be reduced, and the mass production of the augmented reality display optical module 10 is facilitated. Of course, in other embodiments, the focal lengths of the first reflecting element 17 and the third reflecting element 21 may be different, which is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first reflecting element 17 is a concave reflecting element, and the second reflecting amplifying element 23 is provided as a function of reflecting and converging an incident divergent light beam. Similarly, in implementation, the reflective working surface of the first reflective element 17 may be a concave reflective curved surface or a reflective diffraction plane having a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflection working surface of the first reflection element 17 is a concave reflection curved surface.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first reflecting element 17 is a concave reflecting element, the second reflecting element 19 is a convex reflecting element, and the second reflecting amplifying element 23 is provided as a function of reflecting and converging an incident divergent light beam. Similarly, in implementation, the reflective working surface of the first reflective element 17 may be a concave reflective curved surface or a reflective diffraction plane having a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflection working surface of the first reflection element 17 is a concave reflection curved surface.
It can be seen that the second 19 and third 21 reflective elements shown in fig. 7 and 8 are smaller relative to the second 19 and third 21 reflective elements shown in fig. 1, 5, 6. After the user wears the augmented reality display system 1, the second reflective element 19 and the third reflective element 21 are close to the nose of the user, so that the smaller the second reflective element 19 and the third reflective element 21, the smaller the view field shielding is, and the more comfortable the user wears. Therefore, the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 7 and 8 is more comfortable to wear and has a larger field of view than the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 1, 5, and 6.
As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first and second reflective amplifying elements 15 and 23 are concave reflective converging elements.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the augmented reality display optical module 10 further includes a light absorbing element 25, where the light absorbing element 25 is disposed on a side of the polarization beam splitter 13 away from the first reflecting element 17, and is mainly used for absorbing the sub-image light transmitted through the polarization beam splitter 13 or reflected by the polarization beam splitter 13. Since the first reflective amplifying element 15 cannot fully reflect and converge the first sub-image light beam in the first linear polarization direction in actual use, part of the first sub-image light beam in the first linear polarization direction passes through the first reflective amplifying element 15, the second reflective amplifying element 23, and is reflected by the third reflective element 21, the second reflective element 19 and the first reflective element 17 in sequence to the polarization splitting element 13, and then passes through the polarization splitting element 13 to the light absorbing element 25. At this time, the light absorbing element 25 may absorb the first beam of sub-image light transmitted through the polarization splitting element 13 in the first linear polarization direction. Similarly, the second reflection amplifying element 23 cannot fully reflect and converge the second beam of sub-image light with the second linear polarization direction, and part of the second beam of sub-image light with the second linear polarization direction passes through the second reflection amplifying element 23 and the first reflection amplifying element 15 and is reflected by the polarization beam splitter element 13 to the light absorber element 25. At this time, the light absorbing element 25 may absorb the second beam of sub-image light of the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization splitting element 13.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the augmented reality display optical module 10 further comprises a polarization conversion element 27. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the polarization conversion element 27 may be disposed between the third reflective element 21 and the second reflective amplifying element 23. It is obvious that in other embodiments, the polarization conversion element 27 may also be arranged between the polarization splitting element 13 and the first reflecting element 17, or between the first reflecting element 17 and the second reflecting element 19, or between the second reflecting element 19 and the third reflecting element 21, or between the polarization splitting element 13 and the first reflective amplifying element 15. Each time the sub-image light having the linear polarization direction passes the polarization conversion element 27, it is possible to increase pi-phase retardation, thereby enabling the polarization direction of the sub-image light to be converted into a polarization direction orthogonal thereto. For example, in the present embodiment, after the second sub-image light beam with the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization splitting element 13 passes through the polarization conversion element 27, the polarization direction of the second sub-image light beam is converted into the first linear polarization direction by the polarization conversion element 27, and the second sub-image light beam with the first linear polarization direction is reflected by the first reflection element 17, the second reflection element 19, and the third reflection element 21 in order, and then transmitted to the second reflection amplifying element 23, and reflected and converged by the second reflection amplifying element 23, so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed on the human eye.
In addition, the elements of the augmented reality display system 1 provided in the foregoing embodiment may be filled with a medium having a refractive index, so as to form an integrated optical module, so as to reduce the difficulty of installation and assembly, simplify the external support structure of the augmented reality display system 1, and facilitate mass production. For example, for the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 1, the structure after filling with a medium having a refractive index may be as shown in fig. 12.
According to the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, through ingenious integration and design of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing element 11, the polarization splitting element 13, the first reflection amplifying element 15, the first reflection element 17, the second reflection element 19, the third reflection element 21 and the second reflection amplifying element 23, a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed are formed on human eyes, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed on human eyes are spliced into the images to be displayed in a visual sense of a user by utilizing a visual residual effect. Therefore, the angle of view of the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 is equal to the sum of the angles of view of the first reflective amplifying element 15 and the second reflective amplifying element 23. And, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same and equal to the resolution of the image to be displayed. Therefore, the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 have high resolution while displaying a large field of view image, and have a smaller volume than those of the conventional display optical module. Meanwhile, the imaging method of the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 based on the reflection imaging principle enables images after reflection and convergence to have no chromatic aberration, and the center and the edge of the amplified images have consistent definition based on the amplified imaging of beamlets.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The augmented reality display optical module is characterized by comprising an electric control liquid crystal polarization element, a polarization beam splitting element, a first reflecting element, a second reflecting element, a third reflecting element, a first reflecting amplifying element and a second reflecting amplifying element;
the image display device sequentially outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, wherein the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are collimated parallel light beams with a first linear polarization direction, each image to be displayed comprises a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light corresponds to the first sub-image to be displayed, and the second beam of sub-image light corresponds to the second sub-image to be displayed;
the electronic control liquid crystal polarization element is arranged on an emergent light path of the image display device and is used for changing the polarization direction of the incident second beam of sub-image light rays or the first beam of sub-image light rays with the first linear polarization direction into the second linear polarization direction after the control voltage is applied, and the second linear polarization direction is orthogonal to the first linear polarization direction;
the polarization light splitting element is arranged on an emergent light path of the electric control liquid crystal polarization element and is used for transmitting the sub-image light rays in the first linear polarization direction and reflecting the sub-image light rays in the second linear polarization direction;
the first reflection amplifying element is arranged on an emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a first beam of sub-image light rays or a second beam of sub-image light rays in a first linear polarization direction which penetrate through the polarization beam splitting element so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed or a second sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
the first reflecting element, the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element are sequentially arranged on the other emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and are used for reflecting the second beam of sub-image light rays or the first beam of sub-image light rays in the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization beam splitting element to the second reflecting amplifying element;
the second reflection amplifying element is arranged on an emergent light path of the third reflection element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a second beam of sub-image light rays or a first beam of sub-image light rays in a second linear polarization direction reflected by the third reflection element so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed or a first sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
after the image display device outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed by human eyes can be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user;
the real world ambient light enters the human eye through the augmented reality display optical module to form an ambient image.
2. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first, second and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements.
3. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first and second reflective elements are concave reflective elements and the third reflective element is a planar reflective element.
4. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first and third reflective elements are concave reflective elements and the second reflective element is a planar reflective element.
5. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first reflective element is a concave reflective element and the second and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements.
6. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first reflective element is a concave reflective element, the second reflective element is a convex reflective element, and the third reflective element is a planar reflective element.
7. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a light absorbing element disposed on a side of the polarization splitting element remote from the first reflective element.
8. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a polarization conversion element;
the polarization conversion element is arranged between the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting element, or between the first reflecting element and the second reflecting element, or between the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element, or between the third reflecting element and the second reflecting amplifying element, or between the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting amplifying element.
9. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-6, wherein a medium having a refractive index is filled between elements of the augmented reality display optical module.
10. An augmented reality display system comprising an image display device and an augmented reality display optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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