CN108375758A - Mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source - Google Patents
Mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source Download PDFInfo
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- CN108375758A CN108375758A CN201810110499.XA CN201810110499A CN108375758A CN 108375758 A CN108375758 A CN 108375758A CN 201810110499 A CN201810110499 A CN 201810110499A CN 108375758 A CN108375758 A CN 108375758A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration methods based on external Single Point Source, including：The signal of target scene and the signal of Single Point Source are acquired, the bireflectance plate in mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer, the correction data of calibration source of the acquisition at the intersection of bireflectance plate are removed；Judge whether the correction data of calibration source is correct using single-point source signal, when the correction data of calibration source is correct, target scene signal, the correlation output function after being corrected are corrected using the correction data of calibration source；Correlation output function after correction is solved, cosine visibility function is obtained；Anti-cosine transform is carried out using cosine visibility function, rebuilds target scene bright temperature image.The present invention corrects near field error and Ro-vibrational population, improves image quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave remote sensing and detection technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of mirror based on external Single Point Source
As synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method.
Background technology
It is difficult to realize large aperture scanning antenna, synthetic aperture radiometer since real aperture radiation meter is limited by satellite platform
Because the high complexity of system itself is difficult to realize, containing measuring systems more than 300 antennas, cause at present in geostationary
Track can effectively solve the problem that the measurement method of spatial resolution not yet.
The spatial resolution of mirror image synthetic aperture Microwave radiometric imaging is theoretically better than the spatial discrimination of conventional aperture synthesis
Rate, use antenna element as few as possible realize higher resolution ratio, reduce system structure and the complexity of signal processing.
Systematic error can cause mirror image synthetic aperture Microwave radiometric imaging quality to decline, and previous research is not related to
Error correction, to make mirror image synthetic aperture Microwave Radiometer Imaging System can not practical application.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mirror images based on external Single Point Source
Synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method improves imaging its purpose is to correct near field error and Ro-vibrational population
Quality.Thus the technology that the prior art causes mirror image synthetic aperture Microwave radiometric imaging quality to decline there are systematic error is solved to ask
Topic.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer errors based on external Single Point Source
Bearing calibration, including：
S1：The signal of target scene and the signal of Single Point Source are acquired,
S2：Remove the bireflectance plate in mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer, correction of the acquisition at the intersection of bireflectance plate
The correction data in source；
S3：Judge whether the correction data of calibration source is correct using single-point source signal, when the correction data of calibration source is correct
When, the signal of target scene, the correlation output function after being corrected are corrected using the correction data of calibration source；
S4：Correlation output function after correction is solved, cosine visibility function is obtained；
S5：Anti-cosine transform is carried out using cosine visibility function, rebuilds target scene bright temperature image.
Further, signal includes the radiation signal of radiation signal and the reflection of bireflectance plate.
Further, the correction data of calibration source is the radiation signal of calibration source.
Further, step S3 includes：
S31：The signal of Single Point Source is corrected using the correction data of calibration source, the Single Point Source letter after being corrected
Number, the single-point source signal after correction is imaged using aperture synthesis imaging method；
S32：When imaging results have symmetrical point source to occur, illustrate that the correction data of calibration source is correct, when imaging results do not have
Symmetrical point source occurs, and illustrates that the correction data of calibration source is incorrect, shift calibrating enters step S31 behind source；
S33：The signal of target scene, the correlation output function after being corrected are corrected using the correction data of calibration source.
Further, step S33 includes：
Correction correlation output function is obtained according to the correction data of calibration source, before obtaining correction according to the signal of target scene
Correlation output function, by correlation output function before correction divided by correction correlation output function, the correlation output letter after being corrected
Number.
Further, it is solved in step S4：Utilize MP generalized inverses, Tikhonov method of regularizations or truncated singular value
Method solves.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
The present invention judges whether the correction data of calibration source is correct first with single-point source signal, thus improves correction data
Accuracy rate is corrected the signal of target scene using the correction data of calibration source, corrected when the correction data of calibration source is correct
Near field error and Ro-vibrational population improve image quality.Thus solving the prior art, there are systematic errors to cause mirror image comprehensive
Close the technical issues of aperture Microwave radiometric imaging quality declines.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is equivalent aerial array schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is equivalent target schematic diagram of a scenario provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on external Single Point Source
Flow chart；
Fig. 5 is the Unit 24 pair L gusts provided in an embodiment of the present invention tested and used；
Fig. 6 is the noise source of test provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the point source image that any position obtains；
Fig. 8 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the noise source images that any position obtains；
Fig. 9 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the point source image obtained at the intersection of bireflectance plate；
Figure 10 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the noise source images obtained at the intersection of bireflectance plate；
Figure 11 is the electric heater of test provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the point source image that any position obtains；
Figure 13 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the electric heater image that any position obtains；
Figure 14 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the point source image obtained at the intersection of bireflectance plate；
Figure 15 is that check point provided in an embodiment of the present invention is located at the electric heater image obtained at the intersection of bireflectance plate.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
It does not constitute a conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 shows that mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer schematic diagram, the mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer that the present invention uses include：
Aerial array, receiving channel array, A/D arrays and correlator.Fig. 2 shows equivalent aerial array schematic diagram, an antenna, etc.
Effect is four antennas.Fig. 3 shows that equivalent target schematic diagram of a scenario, a target scene are equivalent to four target scenes.In order to
Convenient for explanation, only the parts related to the present invention are shown, and details are as follows：
Mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer based on reflecting plate combination includes aerial array and reflecting plate, receiving channel array,
A/D arrays, correlator.The wherein radiation letter of radiation signal and baffle reflection of the antenna array receiver from observation scene
Number.Two-dimensional array is located in z=0 plane first quartiles, and bireflectance plate is located in x=0 and y=0 plane first quartiles, quilt
Observation scene is located in z=h planes.Aerial array is with basic unit-to antenna aiAnd ajIt indicates, is (x for coordinate positioni,
yi, 0) antenna aiFour signals from the same small face source radiation, respectively direct incoming signal will be receivedTwo
It is a respectively by the signal of two reflecting plate individual reflectionsWithAnd by the bi-reflective signal of two reflecting platesAntenna
ajThree image antennas can be formed relative to bireflectance plate, coordinate is respectively (- xj, yj)、(xj,-yj) and (- xj,-yj)。
It is (x for coordinate positionj, yj, 0) antenna ajFour signals from the same small face source radiation will be received, respectively directly
Connect incoming signalTwo respectively by the signal of two reflecting plate individual reflectionsWithAnd it is double by two reflecting plates
The signal of reflectionAccording to optical reflection principle, the propagation path for reflecting signal is equal to from radiation source to each image antenna it
Between distance, i.e.,Equal to radiation source to image antenna (- xi, yi) distance,Equal to radiation source to mirror image day
Line (xi,-yi) distance,Equal to radiation source to image antenna (- xi,-yi) distance.Receiving channel array includes more
A receiving channel, a receiving channel correspond to an antenna element, and receiving channel carries out down the signal that antenna element receives
Frequency conversion, filtering and amplification.A/D arrays are corresponded with receiving channel array, and the analog signal in receiving channel is converted to number
Word signal.Correlator will carry out correlation two-by-two by the transformed signal of A/D arrays.Output after correlation is correlation function.
As shown in figure 4, the bearing calibration tool of the mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer provided by the invention based on external Single Point Source
Body includes the following steps：
S1：Mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer acquires target scene signal, and the output of aerial array is that double antenna cross-correlation is defeated
Go out function, antenna aiReceive the radiation signal of radiation signal and baffle reflection from target scene：Antenna ajReceive radiation signal and baffle reflection from observation scene
Radiation signal：The cross-correlation output function of double antenna is
,
WhereinFor the bright temperature parameter of target sceneIt is the angle of target scene.It enablesThen cross-correlation output function is
Above formula is the double antenna correlation output that equivalent array is released, and above formula is now deformed into double antenna phase when equivalent scene
Close output
The two-dimentional visibility function of definition：
Dual-antenna reception signal correlation output in two-dimentional mirror image synthetic aperture system is：
Rij=V (xj-xi, yj-yi)-V(xj-xi, yj+yi)
+V(xj+xi, yj-yi)-V(xj+xi, yj+yi)
For any two antenna, the equation similar to above formula can be obtained, these equations can be combined into a line
Property equation group：
Wherein, L is number of antennas, and M and N is the maximum sample frequency of both direction.
Now the near field error of two-dimentional mirror image and amplitude phase error are added in correlation function, obtain correlation output function before correcting
R′ij,
Wherein ,-j indicates the imaginary part unit of plural number, gijFor the gain in the corresponding channels antenna i channel corresponding with antenna j
Range error, βijFor the phase error in the corresponding channels antenna i channel corresponding with antenna j, λ is wavelength, as shown in figure 3, r is
Target scene is to the distance of origin, diFor the distance of antenna i to origin, djFor the distance of antenna j to origin.
S2：Remove the bireflectance plate in mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer, correction of the acquisition at the intersection of bireflectance plate
The correction data in source, obtaining correction correlation output function according to the correction data of calibration source is：
Wherein,For the orientation of calibration source, rcFor calibration source to origin away from
From.
S3：Judge whether the correction data of calibration source is correct using single-point source signal, when the correction data of calibration source is correct
When, correction correlation output function is obtained according to the correction data of calibration source, is obtained correcting preceding correlation according to the signal of target scene
Output function, by correlation output function before correction divided by correction correlation output function, the correlation output function after being corrected.By
InIt is a constant, therefore enablesImaging data is corrected with correction data, corrects correlation output function
For：
When observation point is near calibration source,Above formula can be reduced to
As can be seen from the above equation, work as ξ1、η1When not being 0, first item can regard the variation of relative position as, but second,
Three, four baselines are of different sizes, can not be equivalent to the change of relative position.
Therefore it needs to enable ξ1=η1=0, i.e. θ1=0, formula becomes
S4：Correlation output function after correction is solved, cosine visibility function is obtained；
CV=AR
Wherein A is the pseudoinverse of P, using MP generalized inverses, Tikhonov method of regularizations, truncated singular value method scheduling algorithm.
The correlation output of mirror image synthetic aperture belongs to Fredholm Linear Integral Equations of First Kind, the first kind integral side with completely continuous operator
Even if it is also unstable that journey, which has solution,.In addition, the measurement data actually obtained inevitably contains systematic error and noise, this
It will lead to substantial deviation of the approximate solution for true solution.Less qualitative due to matrix, the inverse matrix based on MP generalized inverses is with regard to right and wrong
It is often inappropriate.In order to obtain the stable approximate solutions of ill-posed problem, it is necessary to use regularization method.The base of regularization method
This thought is exactly to be redefined to the concept of ill-posed problem solution using the certain additional informations of particular problem, and then introduce calm general
Letter finds out a suitable inverse operator so that stable approximate solutions come the method for providing the stabilization that one is approached former solution.
Therefore in the case where considering systematic error and noise, truncated singular value decomposition and Tikhonov regularizations are utilized
Obtain the stable approximate solutions of cosine visibility function.
S5：Target scene bright temperature image is rebuild by anti-cosine transform.Two-dimensional Cosine visibility function can pass through solution
System of linear equations obtains, and may then pass through two-dimentional anti-cosine transform and rebuilds target scene bright temperature image.
Actual measuring system can only obtain limited discrete sampling point (um, vn), pass through two-dimensional discrete anti-cosine transform weight
The bright temperature built is：
Wherein, Δ s=Δs u Δs v, f (um, vn) be：
For the further description mirror image synthetic aperture radiation provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on external Single Point Source
The bearing calibration of meter, in conjunction with specific example, details are as follows：
Embodiment 1：It is tested to obtain point source scene bright temperature image
In the embodiment, the bearing calibration for the mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer based on external Single Point Source test
Card, Fig. 5 are the array used when experiment, are that Unit 24 are L gusts double.Fig. 6 is the target scene of test, is a noise source.
It is as follows：
(1) for the double L arrays of Unit 24, mirror image synthetic aperture system acquisition noise source scene and single-point source signal；
(2) reflecting plate is removed, Single Point Source correction data is acquired；
(3) correction data for being located at any position with check point corrects single-point source signal data, and aperture synthesis program is used in combination
Processing, obtains point source image, such as Fig. 7；
(4) correction data for being located at any position with check point corrects noise source data, obtains noise source bright temperature image, such as
Fig. 8；
(5) the correction data correction single-point source signal data being located at check point at the intersection of bireflectance plate, is used in combination synthesis
Aperture program processing, obtains point source image, such as Fig. 9；
(6) the correction data correction target scene signal being located at check point at the intersection of bireflectance plate, obtains noise source
Bright temperature image, such as Figure 10；
It when calibration source is located at the intersection of bireflectance plate, is handled with aperture synthesis program, two can be obtained symmetrically
Point source can find the position of calibration source, to use the school eventually found by observing the whether symmetrical such a processing of point source
Correction data corrects noise source data, and nearly field error corrects together with Ro-vibrational population, obtains the higher image of quality.
Embodiment 2：The electric heater scene bright temperature image tested
In the embodiment, the bearing calibration for the mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer based on external Single Point Source test
Card.Figure 11 is the target scene of test, is an electric heater.
It is as follows：
(1) for the double L arrays of Unit 24, mirror image synthetic aperture system acquisition target scene signal and single-point source signal；
(2) reflecting plate is removed, Single Point Source correction data is acquired；
(3) correction data for being located at any position with check point corrects single-point source signal data, and aperture synthesis program is used in combination
Processing, obtains point source image, such as Figure 12；
(4) correction data for being located at any position with check point corrects electric heater data, obtains electric heater bright temperature image, such as
Figure 13；
(5) the correction data correction single-point source signal data being located at check point at the intersection of bireflectance plate, is used in combination synthesis
Aperture program processing, obtains point source image, such as Figure 14；
(6) the correction data correction target scene signal being located at check point at the intersection of bireflectance plate, obtains electric heater
Bright temperature image, such as Figure 15；
From the point of view of experimental result, when calibration source is at 0 degree, that is, when being located at the intersection of bireflectance plate, near field can be missed
Difference corrects together with Ro-vibrational population, obtains the higher image of quality.
Above example illustrates the effect of the present invention：The present invention can correct near field error and Ro-vibrational population,
Improve image quality.Thus solving the prior art, there are systematic errors, and mirror image synthetic aperture Microwave radiometric imaging quality to be caused to decline
The technical issues of.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source, which is characterized in that including：
S1：The signal of target scene and the signal of Single Point Source are acquired,
S2：The bireflectance plate in mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer is removed, calibration source of the acquisition at the intersection of bireflectance plate
Correction data；
S3：Judge whether the correction data of calibration source is correct using single-point source signal, when the correction data of calibration source is correct, profit
The signal of target scene, the correlation output function after being corrected are corrected with the correction data of calibration source；
S4：Correlation output function after correction is solved, cosine visibility function is obtained；
S5：Anti-cosine transform is carried out using cosine visibility function, rebuilds target scene bright temperature image.
2. a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the signal includes the radiation signal of radiation signal and the reflection of bireflectance plate.
3. a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the correction data of the calibration source is the radiation signal of calibration source.
4. a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the step S3 includes：
S31：The signal of Single Point Source is corrected using the correction data of calibration source, the single-point source signal after being corrected, profit
The single-point source signal after correction is imaged with aperture synthesis imaging method；
S32：When imaging results have symmetrical point source to occur, illustrate that the correction data of calibration source is correct, when imaging results are not symmetrical
Point source occurs, and illustrates that the correction data of calibration source is incorrect, shift calibrating enters step S31 behind source；
S33：The signal of target scene, the correlation output function after being corrected are corrected using the correction data of calibration source.
5. a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the step S33 includes：
Correction correlation output function is obtained according to the correction data of calibration source, is obtained correcting preceding correlation according to the signal of target scene
Output function, by correlation output function before correction divided by correction correlation output function, the correlation output function after being corrected.
6. a kind of mirror image synthetic aperture radiometer error calibration method based on external Single Point Source as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, being solved in the step S4：Utilize MP generalized inverses, Tikhonov method of regularizations or truncated singular value method
It solves.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112904257A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | System and method for calibrating phase error of full link of synthetic aperture microwave radiometer |
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