CN108375655A - A kind of low-to-medium altitude gas concentration detection system - Google Patents
A kind of low-to-medium altitude gas concentration detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种中低空气体浓度检测系统，属于气体检测技术领域，该系统包括高度控制装置、气体浓度检测装置及云端服务器三部分；气体浓度检测装置搭载在氢气球上，氢气球高度由步进电机控制，而步进电机被步进电机控制模块控制，步进电机控制模块通过4G无线网卡与云端服务器交换数据信息；氢气球携带传感器和主控模块等进入空中进行气体浓度检测，主控模块通过4G无线网卡，将传感器采集到的数据信息上传到服务器；电脑手机等终端可随时查看服务器上的数据并可通过服务器向主控模块发送控制指令。主控模块外接检测不同气体浓度的传感器探头，进行不同气体浓度检测。本发明可进行多种气体，多种高度的检测，电脑手机可以随时查看服务器上的数据，方便，快捷。
The invention discloses a gas concentration detection system for medium and low air, which belongs to the technical field of gas detection. The system includes three parts: a height control device, a gas concentration detection device and a cloud server; the gas concentration detection device is mounted on a hydrogen balloon, and the height of the hydrogen balloon is determined by The stepper motor is controlled by the stepper motor control module, and the stepper motor control module exchanges data information with the cloud server through the 4G wireless network card; the hydrogen balloon carries the sensor and the main control module into the air to detect the gas concentration. The control module uploads the data information collected by the sensor to the server through the 4G wireless network card; terminals such as computers and mobile phones can view the data on the server at any time and send control instructions to the main control module through the server. The main control module is externally connected with sensor probes for detecting different gas concentrations to detect different gas concentrations. The invention can detect various gases and various heights, and the computer and mobile phone can check the data on the server at any time, which is convenient and fast.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于气体检测技术领域，尤其涉及一种中低空气体浓度检测系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of gas detection, and in particular relates to a gas concentration detection system for medium and low air.
技术背景technical background
随着经济和科技的快速发展，气体检测仪装置的应用领域也日益广泛,覆盖了工业、农业、交通、科技、环保、国防、航天航空及日常生活等各方面。气体检测和人民的生活息息相关。然而现有气体检测装置，只能根据放置的位置，对某一固定高度的气体浓度检测，高度调整需要人工放置，由于人工可放置的高度有限，进行不同高度测量极不方便。现有气体检测装置带有显示屏，通过显示屏显示测试数据，数据存储在装置内部，通过串口发送给上位机，数据传输不方便，不能对测试结果进行远程监控。现有气体检测装置每台仪器独立工作,两台仪器数据比较非常不方便。With the rapid development of economy and technology, the application fields of gas detector devices are becoming more and more extensive, covering all aspects of industry, agriculture, transportation, science and technology, environmental protection, national defense, aerospace and daily life. Gas detection is closely related to people's life. However, the existing gas detection device can only detect the gas concentration at a certain fixed height according to the position where it is placed. The height adjustment needs to be placed manually. Due to the limited height that can be placed manually, it is extremely inconvenient to measure at different heights. The existing gas detection device has a display screen, through which the test data is displayed, the data is stored inside the device, and sent to the host computer through the serial port, the data transmission is inconvenient, and the test results cannot be remotely monitored. Each instrument of the existing gas detection device works independently, and it is very inconvenient to compare the data of the two instruments.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的特点是针对现有的技术上存在的问题，提出了一种低成本的中低空气体浓度检测系统，智能化检测0-2000米高度的空气质量状况。本设备通过一个氢气球，将气体检测系统带入不同海拔高度，进行不同高度气体浓度检测，电脑终端控制步进电机控制模块，从而决定氢气球上升高度。检测到的数据通过4G网卡上传到服务器，由电脑等终端登陆服务器查看采集到的数据，数据传输方便，可对测试结果进行远程监控，可实时查看测试结果。The feature of the present invention is that it proposes a low-cost medium and low air gas concentration detection system to intelligently detect the air quality conditions at a height of 0-2000 meters, aiming at the problems existing in the existing technology. This device uses a hydrogen balloon to bring the gas detection system to different altitudes to detect gas concentrations at different heights. The computer terminal controls the stepping motor control module to determine the rising height of the hydrogen balloon. The detected data is uploaded to the server through the 4G network card, and the computer and other terminals log in to the server to view the collected data. The data transmission is convenient, and the test results can be remotely monitored and the test results can be viewed in real time.
电脑等终端可通过控制服务器控制多台仪器同时进行工作，时刻监视一个地区，不同位置的空气质量变化情况。本系统属于多终端星型组网系统，各个测量系统工作相对独立，组建随意性较大，可以根据需求添加删除测量装置，并不会影响其他测量装置的工作。多台仪器统一由电脑终端控制，数据统一上传到服务器，电脑终端登录服务站可随时查看不同地区的数据状况，方便对比。Computers and other terminals can control multiple instruments to work at the same time through the control server, and monitor the air quality changes in different locations in an area at all times. This system belongs to a multi-terminal star network system. Each measurement system works relatively independently, and the establishment is relatively random. Measurement devices can be added or deleted according to requirements without affecting the work of other measurement devices. Multiple instruments are uniformly controlled by the computer terminal, and the data is uploaded to the server in a unified manner. The computer terminal logs in to the service station to check the data status of different regions at any time, which is convenient for comparison.
一种中低空气体浓度检测系统，包括高度控制装置、气体浓度检测装置及云端服务器；其中，气体浓度检测装置由主控模块1、传感器模块4、供电模块5及4G无线网卡a 6组成；高度控制装置由步进电机控制模块3、步进电机7、氢气球8及4G无线网卡b 9组成；气体浓度检测装置搭载在氢气球8上，氢气球由步进电机7进行控制，而步进电机被步进电机控制模块3控制，步进电机控制模块3和主控模块1均通过4G无线网卡与云端服务器交换数据信息；主控模块1通过4G无线网卡上传数据到服务器，终端通过服务器查看数据并对步进电机控制模块和主控模块写入控制指令。A gas concentration detection system for medium and low air, including a height control device, a gas concentration detection device and a cloud server; wherein, the gas concentration detection device is composed of a main control module 1, a sensor module 4, a power supply module 5 and a 4G wireless network card a6; The control device is composed of a stepping motor control module 3, a stepping motor 7, a hydrogen balloon 8 and a 4G wireless network card b 9; the gas concentration detection device is mounted on the hydrogen balloon 8, and the hydrogen balloon is controlled by the stepping motor 7, and the stepping The motor is controlled by the stepping motor control module 3, and both the stepping motor control module 3 and the main control module 1 exchange data information with the cloud server through the 4G wireless network card; the main control module 1 uploads data to the server through the 4G wireless network card, and the terminal checks through the server Data and write control instructions to the stepper motor control module and the main control module.
进一步地，所述的传感器模块4包括五个传感器，分别为气压传感器、温度传感器、SO2、NO2、PM2.5空气污染物传感器。主控模块1给传感器模块发送控制信号，控制传感器进行数据采集。传感器采集到的数据信息会发送给主控模块。每个传感器都有特定的ID号，根据每个传感器采集的不同数据信息，主控模块会为其自动设置不同的ID标号，以便数据的区分，然后将数据上传到服务器，同时每次数据采集，系统会将采集的时间日期一并上传到服务器。Further, the sensor module 4 includes five sensors, which are air pressure sensor, temperature sensor, SO2, NO2, and PM2.5 air pollutant sensors. The main control module 1 sends a control signal to the sensor module to control the sensor to collect data. The data information collected by the sensor will be sent to the main control module. Each sensor has a specific ID number. According to the different data information collected by each sensor, the main control module will automatically set different ID labels for it to distinguish the data, and then upload the data to the server. At the same time, each time the data is collected , the system will upload the collected time and date to the server.
传统的气体检测装置采用ARM7和51单片作为主控。而该设备采用树莓派zero作为主控模块，该主控模块体积小，重量轻，功能强大。该树莓派采用Broadcom BCM 2835应用处理器(1GHz的ARM11核心)，可外接无线网卡，外部有40pin的接口，包括pwm，IIC，SPI，AD，串口等，完全符合各类传感器的接口，且只有23g重。在树莓派上运行的操作系统为RaspbianJessie，Raspbain操作系统很简洁，而且较为稳定性。还在系统安装了各类传感器的驱动，在系统开启时，加载各类气体传感器驱动，开始对外围气体传感器和压力传感器数据进行采集，并通过4G网卡实时上传到服务器。Traditional gas detection devices use ARM7 and 51 single chips as the main control. The device uses Raspberry Pi Zero as the main control module, which is small in size, light in weight and powerful in function. The Raspberry Pi uses Broadcom BCM 2835 application processor (1GHz ARM11 core), which can be connected to an external wireless network card. There are external 40pin interfaces, including pwm, IIC, SPI, AD, serial ports, etc., which are fully compatible with the interfaces of various sensors, and Only weighs 23g. The operating system running on the Raspberry Pi is RaspbianJessie, and the Raspbain operating system is very simple and relatively stable. Drivers for various sensors are also installed in the system. When the system is turned on, various gas sensor drivers are loaded, and data from peripheral gas sensors and pressure sensors are collected and uploaded to the server in real time through the 4G network card.
进一步地，所述的终端为电脑或手机终端。手机或电脑登陆云端服务器查看气体检测系统采集的数据结果和向系统发送控制指令，手机或电脑也可以登陆云端服务器通过4G无线网卡向步进电机控制模块发送控制指令，控制气球的上升和下降。Further, the terminal is a computer or mobile phone terminal. The mobile phone or computer can log in to the cloud server to view the data results collected by the gas detection system and send control commands to the system. The mobile phone or computer can also log in to the cloud server and send control commands to the stepper motor control module through the 4G wireless network card to control the rise and fall of the balloon.
采用12V锂电池为主控模块和4G无线网卡，传感器等供电。锂电池给电路供电时，首先经过一个电压转换模块，将12V锂电池电压变换为主控模块，4G无线网卡和传感器所需的电压。在为主控模块，4G无线网卡和传感器供电。A 12V lithium battery is used to power the main control module, 4G wireless network card, sensors, etc. When the lithium battery supplies power to the circuit, it first passes through a voltage conversion module to convert the voltage of the 12V lithium battery to the voltage required by the main control module, 4G wireless network card and sensors. In the main control module, 4G wireless network card and sensor power supply.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点如下：Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
本发明的中低空气体浓度检测系统通过氢气球携带系统进入中低空气体检测。此方法操作简单，成本低廉，实施方便，是一种最便捷的中低空气体检测系统，可反映不同高度的空气质量。装置携带3个气体浓度传感器，针对3种主要空气污染物进行检测。采用4G无线网卡与服务器通信的方式，进行数据传输，数据传输方便，存储方便。手机和电脑可通过服务器随时随地查看数据，进一步增加了数据查看的实时性，可对测试结果进行远程监控。多台仪器可由终端统一控制，可同时检测一个地区不同位置，不同高度的空气质量变化情况，且可以根据需要增加或者减少仪器的数量，测量结果统一上传到服务器，服务器查看对比数据方便。采用树莓派zero作为主控，体积小，重量轻，功能强大。The middle and low air gas concentration detection system of the present invention enters the middle and low air gas detection through the hydrogen balloon carrying system. This method is simple in operation, low in cost and convenient in implementation, and is the most convenient detection system for medium and low air gases, which can reflect the air quality at different heights. The device carries 3 gas concentration sensors to detect 3 main air pollutants. The 4G wireless network card is used to communicate with the server for data transmission, which is convenient for data transmission and storage. Mobile phones and computers can view data anytime and anywhere through the server, which further increases the real-time performance of data viewing and enables remote monitoring of test results. Multiple instruments can be uniformly controlled by the terminal, which can detect the air quality changes at different locations and heights in an area at the same time, and the number of instruments can be increased or decreased according to needs, and the measurement results are uploaded to the server in a unified manner, which is convenient for the server to view and compare data. Using Raspberry Pi Zero as the main control, it is small in size, light in weight and powerful in function.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的一种中低空气体浓度检测装置的系统结构图；Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of a kind of medium and low air concentration detecting device of the present invention;
图2为本发明的一种中低空气体浓度检测装置的主控部分功能框图；Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the main control part of a kind of medium and low air concentration detecting device of the present invention;
图3为本发明的一种中低空气体浓度检测装置的主控部分板间结构图；Fig. 3 is a kind of inter-board structural diagram of the main control part of a kind of middle and low air gas concentration detecting device of the present invention;
图4为本发明的一种中低空气体浓度检测装置的终端通过服务器控制多台仪器结构图。Fig. 4 is a structure diagram of a terminal of a medium-low air gas concentration detection device of the present invention controlling multiple instruments through a server.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本发明作进一步的详细说明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明的中低空气体浓度检测系统主要由3部分组成：包括高度控制部分、气体浓度检测装置、云端服务器；其中，气体浓度检测装置由主控模块1，传感器模块4，供电模块5及4G无线网卡a 6组成；高度控制部分由步进电机控制模块3，步进电机7，氢气球8，4G无线网卡组成b 9；气体浓度检测装置搭载在氢气球8上，氢气球高度由步进电机7控制，而步进电机被步进电机控制模块3控制，步进电机控制模块3和主控模块1都是通过4G无线网卡与云端服务器交换数据信息。主控模块通过4G无线网卡上传数据到服务器，电脑终端通过服务器查看数据。电脑等终端通过服务器，对步进电机控制模块和主控模块写入控制指令。The low-medium air gas concentration detection system of the present invention is mainly composed of three parts: including a height control part, a gas concentration detection device, and a cloud server; wherein, the gas concentration detection device consists of a main control module 1, a sensor module 4, a power supply module 5 and a 4G wireless The network card a is composed of 6; the height control part is composed of a stepping motor control module 3, a stepping motor 7, a hydrogen balloon 8, and a 4G wireless network card b 9; the gas concentration detection device is mounted on the hydrogen balloon 8, and the height of the hydrogen balloon is determined by the stepping motor 7, and the stepper motor is controlled by the stepper motor control module 3, the stepper motor control module 3 and the main control module 1 exchange data information with the cloud server through the 4G wireless network card. The main control module uploads data to the server through the 4G wireless network card, and the computer terminal checks the data through the server. Computers and other terminals write control instructions to the stepper motor control module and the main control module through the server.
步进电机控制模块控制步进电机，控制氢气球上升的高度，来决定信息采集的海拔高度。为确定某一海拔的具体高度，气压传感器会进行信息采集。根据气压与海拔的关系，可以确定采集的具体高度。The stepper motor control module controls the stepper motor and controls the rising height of the hydrogen balloon to determine the altitude for information collection. In order to determine the specific height of a certain altitude, the barometric pressure sensor will collect information. According to the relationship between air pressure and altitude, the specific altitude of collection can be determined.
图1展现了本系统的具体组成部分，以及相互之间的通信，控制关系。电脑等终端通过服务器将指令通过4G无线网卡发送给给气体测量装置和高度控制模块。气体测量装置通过4G网卡将测得数据上传到服务器。数据传输方便，电脑手机等终端可随时查看数据，且可以对数据进行远程监控。Figure 1 shows the specific components of the system, as well as the communication and control relationship between them. Terminals such as computers send instructions to the gas measuring device and altitude control module through the 4G wireless network card through the server. The gas measurement device uploads the measured data to the server through the 4G network card. The data transmission is convenient, and terminals such as computers and mobile phones can view the data at any time, and the data can be remotely monitored.
电脑等终端可通过控制服务器控制多台仪器同时进行工作，时刻监视一个地区，不同位置的空气质量变化情况。本系统属于多终端星型组网系统，各个测量系统工作相对独立，组建随意性较大，可以根据需求添加删除测量装置，并不会影响其他测量装置的工作。多台仪器统一由电脑终端控制，数据统一上传到服务器，电脑终端登录服务站可随时查看不同地区的数据状况，方便对比。Computers and other terminals can control multiple instruments to work at the same time through the control server, and monitor the air quality changes in different locations in an area at all times. This system belongs to a multi-terminal star network system. Each measurement system works relatively independently, and the establishment is relatively random. Measurement devices can be added or deleted according to requirements without affecting the work of other measurement devices. Multiple instruments are uniformly controlled by the computer terminal, and the data is uploaded to the server in a unified manner. The computer terminal logs in to the service station to check the data status of different regions at any time, which is convenient for comparison.
气体检测系统包括五个传感器,分别为气压传感器、温度传感器、SO2、NO2、PM2.5空气污染物传感器。主控模块给传感器发送控制信号，控制传感器进行数据采集。传感器采集到的数据信息会发送给主控模块。每个传感器都有特定的ID号，根据每个传感器采集的不同数据信息，主控模块会为其自动设置不同的ID标号，以便数据的区分，然后将数据上传到服务器，同时每次数据采集，系统会将采集的时间日期一并上传到服务器。The gas detection system includes five sensors, which are air pressure sensor, temperature sensor, SO2, NO2, PM2.5 air pollutant sensor. The main control module sends a control signal to the sensor to control the sensor to collect data. The data information collected by the sensor will be sent to the main control module. Each sensor has a specific ID number. According to the different data information collected by each sensor, the main control module will automatically set different ID labels for it to distinguish the data, and then upload the data to the server. At the same time, each time the data is collected , the system will upload the collected time and date to the server.
采用12V锂电池为主控模块和4G无线网卡，传感器等供电。锂电池给电路供电时，首先经过一个电压转换模块，将12V锂电池电压变换为主控模块，4G无线网卡和传感器所需的电压。在为主控模块，4G无线网卡和传感器供电。A 12V lithium battery is used to power the main control module, 4G wireless network card, sensors, etc. When the lithium battery supplies power to the circuit, it first passes through a voltage conversion module to convert the voltage of the 12V lithium battery to the voltage required by the main control module, 4G wireless network card and sensors. In the main control module, 4G wireless network card and sensor power supply.
在本系统中氢气球必须足够大，氢气球所受浮力>氢气球重力+气体检测装置重力。氢气球所受浮力＝空气密度*氢气球体积。氢气球重力＝氢气密度*氢气球体积。气体检测系统总重量为200g，2N。因此，本发明采用半径40cm的氢气球。In this system, the hydrogen balloon must be large enough, and the buoyancy of the hydrogen balloon is greater than the gravity of the hydrogen balloon + the gravity of the gas detection device. The buoyancy force on the hydrogen balloon = air density * volume of the hydrogen balloon. Hydrogen balloon gravity = hydrogen density * hydrogen balloon volume. The total weight of the gas detection system is 200g, 2N. Therefore, the present invention adopts the hydrogen balloon of radius 40cm.
设备采用树莓派zero作为主控，该主控体积小，重量轻，功能强大。该树莓派采用Broadcom BCM 2835应用处理器(1GHz的ARM11核心)，可外接无线网卡，外部有40pin的接口，包括pwm，IIC，SPI，AD，串口等，完全符合各类传感器的接口，且只有23g重。在树莓派上运行的操作系统为Raspbian Jessie，Raspbain操作系统很简洁，而且较为稳定性。该在系统安装了各类传感器的驱动，在系统开启时，加载各类气体传感器驱动，开始对外围气体传感器和压力传感器数据进行采集，并通过4G网卡实时上传到服务器。The device uses Raspberry Pi Zero as the main control, which is small in size, light in weight and powerful in function. The Raspberry Pi uses Broadcom BCM 2835 application processor (1GHz ARM11 core), which can be connected to an external wireless network card. There are external 40pin interfaces, including pwm, IIC, SPI, AD, serial ports, etc., which are fully compatible with the interfaces of various sensors, and Only weighs 23g. The operating system running on the Raspberry Pi is Raspbian Jessie, and the Raspbain operating system is very simple and relatively stable. The system installs the drivers of various sensors. When the system is turned on, it loads the drivers of various gas sensors, starts to collect the data of peripheral gas sensors and pressure sensors, and uploads them to the server in real time through the 4G network card.
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| CN110455676A (en) * | 2019-08-25 | 2019-11-15 | 天津大学 | A Small Digital Air Density Sensor |
| CN112834396A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-25 | 刘艳娜 | Can detect not co-altitude moisture interference's empty gas detection surveys device |
| CN113109510A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-13 | 山东瑶安电子科技发展有限公司 | Calibration device for gas sensor |
| CN114964363A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽理工大学 | City environmental monitoring system based on raspberry group |
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| CN109612895A (en) * | 2019-02-16 | 2019-04-12 | 新疆林科院森林生态研究所 | A kind of air quality monitoring method in urban forests environment |
| CN109612895B (en) * | 2019-02-16 | 2021-02-23 | 新疆林科院森林生态研究所 | Air quality monitoring method in urban forest environment |
| CN110455676A (en) * | 2019-08-25 | 2019-11-15 | 天津大学 | A Small Digital Air Density Sensor |
| CN112834396A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-25 | 刘艳娜 | Can detect not co-altitude moisture interference's empty gas detection surveys device |
| CN112834396B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2024-04-30 | 西华县利顺信息技术有限公司 | Air detection device capable of detecting waterproof vapor interference at different heights |
| CN113109510A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-13 | 山东瑶安电子科技发展有限公司 | Calibration device for gas sensor |
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