CN108365338A - A kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna - Google Patents
A kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108365338A CN108365338A CN201810129300.8A CN201810129300A CN108365338A CN 108365338 A CN108365338 A CN 108365338A CN 201810129300 A CN201810129300 A CN 201810129300A CN 108365338 A CN108365338 A CN 108365338A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/145—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising a plurality of reflecting particles, e.g. radar chaff
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/148—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures with means for varying the reflecting properties
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna, reflecting plate as ultra-wideband antenna (2), it is maintained a certain distance between wideband multi-mode ground (1) and ultra-wideband antenna (2), for the wideband multi-mode ground (1) by being constituted in the wideband multi-mode surface units (11) of periodic arrangement, wideband multi-mode ground (1) different reflection characteristics is presented in different frequency range.The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：Approximate ideal magnetic borderline properties can be presented under the premise of not changing physical size between antenna and ground, when the electric size of low-frequency range its spacing is smaller in the ground, obtain electromagnetic wave superimposed characteristics in the same direction；When the electric size of high band spacing is larger, approximate ideal electricity borderline properties are presented, still ensure the superposition in the same direction of electromagnetic wave.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave technical fields, are related to a kind of wideband multi-mode ground, and in particular to one kind is in different frequency range
The wideband multi-mode ground of different boundary characteristic is presented.
Background technology
In recent years, in order to meet the design requirement of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR and communication system to Anneta module, ultra-wideband antenna exists
Become the hot spot of research in world wide.Such antenna, can be very by loading active device or adjustment structural parameters
It works under wide frequency range.(W.R.Kindt, W.R.Pickles.UltrawideCand all-metal flared notch
Array radiator [J] .IEEE Trans.Antennas Propag., 2010,58 (11)：3568–3575.)
There is important influence to the bandwidth performance of antenna according to emulation and experimental result, the selection of floor type.Usually
The ground of antenna can be divided into two major class：Absorption-type ground and reflection-type ground.For first kind absorption-type ground, i.e., on floor
The energy absorption of radiation earthward is eliminated as much as its influence by upper additional layer absorbing material.This ground can absorb antenna
The energy of backward radiation causes larger loss, less efficient, and (Zhu Yu are used mostly in ultra-wideband flat helical antenna
xiao,Zhong Shunshi,Xu Saiqing.Miniaturized compound spiral slot antenna[J]
.Microwave and optical technology letters,50(11),2008:2799-2801)。
In order to avoid unnecessary loss ground, scholar uses the second class reflection-type ground more, before promoting antenna with this
Afterwards than with the electromagnetic properties such as gain.Reflection-type ground can be divided into desired electrical boundary ground and ideal magnetic boundary by its electromagnetic property again
Ground.On the one hand, desired electrical borderline properties are presented in entire frequency band in conventional metals floor, that is, reflect wave phase and differed with incidence wave
180 degree.So the spacing on usual antenna and ground need to be selected as a quarter operation wavelength, with ensure antenna radiated wave and
The back wave on floor is superimposed in the same direction.However, when bandwidth of operation is very wide, with the change of frequency, the electricity between antenna and floor
Change in size is very violent, and stable reflection characteristic can not be provided in entire frequency band.Which limits the bandwidth of operation of antenna.
On the other hand, antenna can also use the ground that ideal magnetic borderline properties are presented, and to reduce whole section, be promoted
Radiation efficiency.Ideal magnetic boundary is mostly by artificial magnetic conductor (Artificial Magnetic Conductors, AMC) structure structure
At it makes reflection wave phase differ 0 degree with incidence wave, allows antenna to be obtained under conditions of compared with short spacing with floor and is superimposed spy in the same direction
Property.L.Akhoondzadeh-Asl, J.Nourinia, C.GhoCadi etc. (L.Akhoondzadeh-Asl, J.Nourinia,
C.GhoCadi.Influence of Element Shape on the Candwidth of Artificial Magnetic
Conductors[J].Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications,2017,21(7):
929-946) ground UC-PCG AMC proposed only has 17% bandwidth of operation.D.J.Gregoire in 2011 et al.
(Gregoire D.J.,White C.R.,ColCurn J.S..WideCand artificial magnetic
conductors loaded with non-foster negative inductors[J].IEEE Antennas and
wireless propagation letters,2011,10:It is 1586-1589) active by being loaded between AMC unit patches
Device obtains 80% bandwidth of operation, but loading active device can make its structure complicate, and increase difficulty of processing.By above
As a result as can be seen that passive ideal magnetic boundary ground bandwidth of operation is relatively narrow, it cannot be satisfied the requirement of ultra-wideband antenna；Active ideal
Magnetic boundary ground design is complicated, high processing costs.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in a kind of wideband multi-mode ground is provided, which can not change
Between antenna and ground under the premise of physical size, when the electric size of low-frequency range its spacing is smaller, approximate ideal magnetic boundary is presented
Characteristic obtains electromagnetic wave superimposed characteristics in the same direction；When the electric size of high band spacing is larger, it is special that approximate ideal electricity boundary is presented
Property, still ensure the superposition in the same direction of electromagnetic wave.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs：A kind of broadband suitable for ultra-wideband antenna
Multi-mode ground, as the reflecting plate of ultra-wideband antenna (2), ultra-wideband antenna (2) includes and to be not limited to ultra wide band restructural
Paster antenna, coupled dipole antenna, fragment antenna are kept certain between wideband multi-mode ground 1 and ultra-wideband antenna (2)
Suitable distance, to ensure the electromagnetic property of ultra-wideband antenna (2), the wideband multi-mode ground 1 is by periodic arrangement
Wideband multi-mode surface units (11) are constituted, and different reflection characteristics can be presented in wideband multi-mode ground 1 in different frequency range.
Multi-mode surface units (11), including and being not limited to passive wideband multi-mode surface units (A10) and using active
The active wideband multi-mode surface units (C11) of device load.
Wideband multi-mode surface units (11), including and being not limited to by multiple metal layers (111) and multiple dielectric substrate layers
(112) it constitutes.
Wideband multi-mode surface units (11), key structural parameters are common by global optimization approach and Electromagnetic Simulation result
It determines.
Active device (C111) used includes and is not limited to varactor, PIN diode, and ferrite device is micro electronmechanical
System (MEMS-Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) switch etc..
Global optimization approach, including and being not limited to genetic algorithm, particle cluster algorithm, simulated annealing.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
The ground can under the premise of not changing physical size between antenna and ground, low-frequency range its spacing electric size compared with
Hour, approximate ideal magnetic borderline properties (reflect wave phase and differ 0 degree with incidence wave) are presented, obtains electromagnetic wave and is superimposed spy in the same direction
Property；When the electric size of high band spacing is larger (about a quarter operation wavelength), approximate ideal electricity borderline properties are presented
(reflect wave phase and differ 180 degree with incidence wave), still ensures the superposition in the same direction of electromagnetic wave.Specifically：
1, using wideband multi-mode ground can in the case where not changing ultra-wideband antenna and ground actual physics distance,
So that multimode antenna is obtained the reflection electromagnetic property of required stabilization in broad frequency range, cuing open for antenna can be reduced to a certain extent
Face.
2, wideband multi-mode ground can flexibly adjust the reflection characteristic of its different frequency range, that is, approximate ideal magnetic is presented
Boundary or approximate ideal electricity boundary, to meet the design needs of ultra-wideband antenna.
3, the configuration of the present invention is simple, difficulty of processing are low, and cost is few, can reduce the section of ultra-wideband antenna, promote work
Bandwidth, the electromagnetic properties such as gain and front and back ratio.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ultra-wideband antenna of the present invention and wideband multi-mode ground stereoscopic schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is passive wideband multi-mode of the present invention ground schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is passive wideband multi-mode ground reflection coefficent figure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is passive multilayer wideband multi-mode of the invention ground schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is active wideband multi-mode ground of the invention schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
As shown in fig.1, a kind of wideband multi-mode ground 1 suitable for ultra-wideband antenna, as the anti-of ultra-wideband antenna 2
Penetrate plate, ultra-wideband antenna 2 includes and is not limited to the restructural paster antenna of ultra wide band, coupled dipole antenna, fragment antenna,
Certain suitable distance is kept between wideband multi-mode ground 1 and ultra-wideband antenna 2, which is typically about 1 to two/8ths
/ mono- operation wavelength.To ensure the electromagnetic property of ultra-wideband antenna 2, the wideband multi-mode ground 1 is by being in periodical row
Multiple wideband multi-mode surface units 11 of cloth are constituted, and it is special that different reflections can be presented in different frequency range in wideband multi-mode ground 1
Property, in approximate ideal magnetic borderline properties or can be in such as approximate ideal electricity borderline properties in required frequency range.
Simultaneously refering to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, multi-mode surface units 11, including and being not limited to passive wideband multi-mode ground
The unit A10 and active wideband multi-mode surface units C11 loaded using active device.
Wideband multi-mode surface units 11, including and being not limited to by 112 structure of multiple metal layers 111 and multiple dielectric substrate layers
At.
Wideband multi-mode surface units 11, key structural parameters are jointly true by global optimization approach and Electromagnetic Simulation result
It is fixed.
Active device C111 used in active wideband multi-mode surface units C11 includes and is not limited to varactor,
PIN diode, ferrite device, MEMS (MEMS-Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) switch etc..
Global optimization approach, including and being not limited to genetic algorithm, particle cluster algorithm, simulated annealing.
Embodiment 1：Passive wideband multi-mode ground
The wide bandwidth of operation for working in L-C wave bands inhibits the passive wideband multi-mode ground A10 of band, wideband multi-mode
Face unit according to square array be in periodic arrangement, rectangular battle array distance s be about 1/8th arrive half operation wavelength.Often
A passive wideband multi-mode surface units include metal layer A 1, dielectric substrate layer A2 and metal floor A3；Metal layer A 1, which is located at, to be situated between
On the upper surface of matter substrate layer A2；Metal floor A3 is located at the underface of dielectric substrate layer A2, referring to Fig. 2.Passive wideband multimode
Formula surface units A11 operating center frequencies are f0, lower side frequency fL, upper side frequency fH；Inhibit frequency range lower side frequency fLS, upper side frequency
FHS, the present embodiment select f0=1.4GHz, fL=0.8GHz, fH=2GHz respectively；FLS=2GHz, fHS=6GHz.
The metal layer A 1 of passive wideband multi-mode surface units, 0.017≤t of thickness≤0.035mm, coverage area are side
The square of long s, wherein 36≤s≤48mm, as shown in Figure 2.Determine that the present embodiment is preferably according to working frequency range：S=
44mm。
The dielectric substrate layer A2 of passive wideband multi-mode surface units, coverage area are the square of length of side s, thickness
0.5≤t≤3mm, as shown in Figure 2.The upper surface of dielectric substrate layer A2 is metal layer A 1；Lower face does not have metal covering.According to
Practical application condition determines that, using FR-4 substrates, thickness the present embodiment is preferably：S=44mm, t=2.67mm.
There are one air blanketings between the dielectric substrate layer A2 and metal floor A3 of passive wideband multi-mode surface units, thick
25≤hair≤40mm is spent, as shown in Figure 2.Determine that the present embodiment is preferably according to working frequency range：Hair=34.7mm.
The metal floor A3 of passive wideband multi-mode surface units, coverage area is the square-shaped metal plate of length of side s, thick
Degree is in 2~3mm, as shown in Figure 2.Determine that the present embodiment is preferably according to working frequency range：S=44mm, thickness 2mm.
Metal layer A 1, dielectric substrate layer A2 and metal floor A3 three's corresponding sides are mutually parallel, and center is coaxial.It may be noted that
, the unit provided in figure is the minimum unit on multi-mode ground.In principle, if metal layer A 1, dielectric substrate layer A2 and
The stacking order of metal floor A3 three is constant and is more than three to six operation wavelengths per layer segment area, even if center is not coaxial
Nor affect on the realization of its function.
Metal layer A 1 by it is multiple with certain rule it is staggered in the length of side be the square metal patch in the square grid of Lp
A11 is constituted.Wherein, 0.5≤Lp≤3mm, 0.017~0.035mm of thickness, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.According to working frequency range and meter
It calculates complexity and determines that the present embodiment is preferably：Lp=2mm, thickness 0.035mm.
The arrangement of square metal patch A11 is obtained by global optimization approach in metal layer A 1.Wherein, it is calculated according to computer
Ability and complexity requirement, the preferred genetic algorithm of the present embodiment optimize.In the present embodiment first, full ginseng is established in HFSS
The passive wideband multi-mode surface units structural model of number variable, is arranged corresponding boundary and simulated conditions.Secondly, will with it is passive
The corresponding array of wideband multi-mode surface units structural parameters is transmitted to HFSS models and is assigned to corresponding parametric variable.More
After new model, Electromagnetic Simulation is carried out to passive wideband multi-mode surface units and exports the simulation result of target frequency point.Main journey
Sequence calculates the fitness of each individual according to result data, and judgement of taking this as a foundation terminates or carry out subsequent selection, miscellaneous
The genetic manipulations such as friendship and variation, generate follow-on individual.When not meeting stop condition, above-mentioned optimization process is repeated, until
Obtain optimal result.
Wide bandwidth of operation inhibits the multimode surface units of band to obtain design drawing by above-mentioned optimization process in the inventive embodiments
Case, the reflected phase curve in working band are shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that ideal magnetic boundary is presented in 0.8-2GHz in it
Characteristic, 2-6GHz show as desired electrical borderline properties.This explanation, the present invention can be presented different ground in the frequency range of needs and reflect
Characteristic is approximate ideal magnetic boundary in low-frequency range, high band is approximate ideal electricity boundary.
Embodiment 2：Passive multilayer wideband multi-mode ground
Passive multilayer wideband multi-mode ground can add dielectric substrate layer structure to constitute by the metal layer of multilayer, be tied with bilayer
For structure, as shown in figure 4, its double-deck wideband multi-mode surface units is in periodic arrangement, rectangular battle array distance s according to square array
About 1/8th arrive half operation wavelength.Each passive double-deck wideband multi-mode surface units include the first metal layer
B11, second metal layer B21, first medium substrate layer B1, second medium substrate layer B2 and metal floor B3；The first metal layer B11
On the upper surface of first medium substrate layer B1；First medium substrate layer B1 is located above second metal layer B21 at distance t1；
Second metal layer B21 is located on the upper surface of second medium substrate layer B2；Metal floor B3 is located at second medium substrate layer B2's
At the distance t2 of underface, referring to Fig. 4.Wherein, B11, B21 and A1, B1, B2 and A2, B3 are consistent with the Thickness range of A3.
The first medium substrate layer B1 and second medium substrate layer B2 of passive bilayer wideband multi-mode surface units, covering
The ranging from square of length of side s.The upper surface of first medium substrate layer B1 is the first metal layer B11；Lower face does not have metal to cover
Lid；The upper surface of second medium substrate layer B2 is the first metal layer B21；Lower face does not have metal covering.
There are one between the first medium substrate layer B1 and second metal layer B21 of passive bilayer wideband multi-mode surface units
Air blanketing, 25≤t1 of thickness≤40mm；There are one air blanketing, thickness between second medium substrate layer B2 and metal floor B3
25≤t2≤40mm, as shown in Figure 4.
The first metal layer B11 and second metal layer B21 by it is multiple with certain rule it is staggered in the length of side be the rectangular of Lp
Square metal patch in grid is constituted.Wherein, 0.5≤Lp≤3mm, 0.017~0.035mm of thickness, as shown in Figure 4.
Square metal patch in the first metal layer B11 and second metal layer B21 on passive bilayer wideband multi-mode ground
Arrangement is obtained by the preferred global genetic Optimization Algorithm in example 2.
It, can be with by changing the pattern of the first metal layer B11 and second metal layer B21 and the spacing t1 and t2 of interlayer
Make the passive double-deck wideband multi-mode ground that approximate ideal magnetic boundary or approximate ideal electricity boundary be presented in a certain special frequency channel, from
And different ground reflection characteristics is presented in the frequency range of needs.
Embodiment 3：Active wideband multi-mode ground.
Active wideband multi-mode ground, unit are in periodic arrangement according to square array.Each active wideband multi-mode
Surface units C1 includes metal layer C11, active device C111, dielectric substrate layer C12 and metal floor C13；Metal layer C1 is located at
On the upper surface of dielectric substrate layer C12；Active device C111 is loaded on metal layer C1；Metal floor C13 is located at dielectric substrate
The underface of layer C12, referring to Fig. 4.Wherein, C11 and A1, C12 and A2, C13 are consistent with the Thickness range of A3.
Metal layer C11, dielectric substrate layer C12 and metal floor C13 three's corresponding sides are mutually parallel, and center is coaxial.
Active device C111 loads are in the inside or edge of active wideband multi-mode surface units C1, referring to Fig. 5.
By adjusting the working condition of active device C111, active wideband multi-mode ground is made to be presented in a certain special frequency channel
Approximate ideal magnetic boundary or approximate ideal electricity boundary, to which different ground reflection characteristics is presented in the frequency range in needs, to ensure
The stabilization of ultra-wideband antenna working performance in entire frequency band.
The above content is combining, specific preferred embodiment is made for the present invention to be described in detail, and it cannot be said that the present invention
Specific implementation is only limitted to these explanations.It should be pointed out that above passive wideband multi-mode ground, the passive double-deck wideband multi-mode
Ground and active wideband multi-mode ground have only used one and have arrived two layer medium substrate layer and a small amount of metal layer, but broadband of the present invention
Multi-mode ground may include multiple metal layers, dielectric substrate layer, the structure of a variety of active devices.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
For the technical staff in domain, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all answers
When being considered as belonging to present invention invention protection domain determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna, which is characterized in that the reflection as ultra-wideband antenna (2)
Plate maintains a certain distance between wideband multi-mode ground (1) and ultra-wideband antenna (2), which is 1 to two/8ths points
One of operation wavelength, the wideband multi-mode ground (1) it is single by least one wideband multi-mode ground in periodic arrangement
First (11) are constituted, and wideband multi-mode ground (1) different reflection characteristics is presented in different frequency range.
2. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Multi-mode surface units (11) are that passive wideband multi-mode surface units (A10) or the active broadband for using active device to load are more
Mode terrestrial unit (C11).
3. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Wideband multi-mode surface units (11) include that multiple metal layers (111) and multiple dielectric substrate layers (112) superposition are constituted.
4. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that active
Active device (C111) used in wideband multi-mode surface units (C11) includes varactor, PIN diode, ferrite
Device, any one of micro electro-mechanical system switch.
5. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Multi-mode surface units (11) are passive wideband multi-mode surface units (A10), each passive wideband multi-mode surface units packet
Metal layer (A1), dielectric substrate layer (A2) and metal floor (A3) are included, metal layer (A1) is located at the upper end of dielectric substrate layer (A2)
On face；Metal floor (A3) is located at the underface of dielectric substrate layer (A2), between dielectric substrate layer (A2) and metal floor (A3)
There are one air blanketings.
6. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
The coverage area of metal layer (A1), dielectric substrate layer (A2) and metal floor (A3) is square, metal layer (A1), medium base
Lamella (A2) and metal floor (A3) three's corresponding sides are mutually parallel, and center is coaxial.
7. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
The square length of side of the coverage area of metal layer (A1), dielectric substrate layer (A2) and metal floor (A3) is 44mm, metal layer
(A1) thickness is 0.017≤t≤0.035mm, and the thickness of dielectric substrate layer (A2) is 0.5≤t≤3mm, the thickness of air blanketing
25≤hair≤40mm is spent, the thickness of metal floor (A3) is in 2~3mm.
8. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 5, which is characterized in that metal
Layer (A1) is made of in the length of side for the square metal patch (A11) in the square grid of Lp multiple with certain rule is staggered,
Wherein, 0.5≤Lp≤3mm.
9. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Multi-mode surface units (11) are the active wideband multi-mode surface units (C11) loaded using active device, each active width
Band multi-mode surface units (C1) include metal layer (C11), active device (C111), dielectric substrate layer (C12) and metal floor
(C13)；Metal layer (C1) is located on the upper surface of dielectric substrate layer (C12)；Active device (C111) adds on metal layer (C1)
It carries；Metal floor (C13) is located at the underface of dielectric substrate layer (C12), and active device (C111) is loaded in active broadband multimode
The inside or edge of formula surface units (C1).
10. a kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 9, which is characterized in that gold
Belong to layer (C11), dielectric substrate layer (C12) and metal floor (C13) three's corresponding sides to be mutually parallel, center is coaxial.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810129300.8A CN108365338A (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | A kind of wideband multi-mode ground suitable for ultra-wideband antenna |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110098488A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-06 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of mode method for transformation on the super surface low RCS based on the feature theory of modules |
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Application publication date: 20180803 |