CN108363057A - Synthetic aperture radar detection method, device and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本公开涉及雷达技术领域,具体地,涉及一种合成孔径雷达探测方法、装置及存储介质。The present disclosure relates to the field of radar technology, and in particular, to a synthetic aperture radar detection method, device and storage medium.
背景技术Background technique
合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)作为一种主动航空、航天遥感手段,具有着分辨率高、日夜不间断工作、覆盖域广等特点。所以其在环境保护、目标监测、军事勘查等领域都有着广泛的应用,目前已成为高分辨率对地观测和全球资源管理的最重要手段之一。Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), as an active aviation and aerospace remote sensing method, has the characteristics of high resolution, continuous work day and night, and wide coverage area. Therefore, it is widely used in environmental protection, target monitoring, military exploration and other fields, and has become one of the most important means for high-resolution earth observation and global resource management.
相关技术中,SAR系统针对不同的应用领域需求,发展出了多种不同的工作模式:如条带式、扫描式、聚束式等等,这些工作模式都是对一块区域进行一次扫描成像。但是即便合成孔径雷达相比于光学雷达不受日夜交替、光线强弱的影响,也可以穿透云层,甚至穿透部分遮盖物,但是对于厚度、体积较大的复杂遮挡物,或者多散射中心的复杂目标,SAR系统仍无法进行全面的观测和辨识。In related technologies, the SAR system has developed a variety of different working modes according to the requirements of different application fields: such as strip type, scanning type, spotlight type, etc., and these working modes are to scan and image an area once. However, even though synthetic aperture radar is not affected by the alternation of day and night and the intensity of light compared to optical radar, it can penetrate clouds and even part of the cover. The SAR system is still unable to conduct comprehensive observation and identification of complex targets.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决相关技术中存在的技术问题,本公开提供一种合成孔径雷达探测方法、装置及存储介质。In order to solve the technical problems existing in related technologies, the present disclosure provides a synthetic aperture radar detection method, device and storage medium.
根据本公开实施例的第一方面,提供一种合成孔径雷达探测方法,所述方法包括:According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a synthetic aperture radar detection method is provided, the method comprising:
确定探测区域,所述探测区域至少包括待观测目标所在的区域;Determining the detection area, the detection area at least includes the area where the target to be observed is located;
确定合成孔径雷达扫描所述探测区域的扫描次数N,以及确定N次扫描中每次扫描的观测角度,N为大于1的正整数;Determining the number of scans N for the synthetic aperture radar to scan the detection area, and determining the observation angle of each scan in the N scans, where N is a positive integer greater than 1;
在所述合成孔径雷达经过所述探测区域时,根据所述扫描次数以及所述每次扫描的观测角度对所述探测区域进行扫描,获得目标图像。When the synthetic aperture radar passes through the detection area, the detection area is scanned according to the number of scans and the observation angle of each scan to obtain a target image.
可选地,所述观测角度包括侧视角和斜视角,所述确定N次扫描中每次扫描的观测角度,包括:Optionally, the observation angle includes a side view angle and an oblique view angle, and the determination of the observation angle of each scan in the N scans includes:
根据所述待观测目标与所述合成孔径雷达的运行轨道的相对位置,确定所述合成孔径雷达的波束中心照射到所述待观测目标的侧视角,其中,所述N次扫描中每次扫描的侧视角相同;According to the relative position of the target to be observed and the orbit of the synthetic aperture radar, determine the side angle of view at which the center of the beam of the synthetic aperture radar irradiates the target to be observed, wherein each scan in the N times of scanning the same side angle of view;
根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述N次扫描中每次扫描的斜视角。According to the characteristic parameters of the object to be observed, the oblique angle of each scan in the N scans is determined.
可选地,所述根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述N次扫描中每次扫描的斜视角,包括:Optionally, the determining the oblique angle of each scan in the N scans according to the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed includes:
根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述合成孔径雷达的斜视角变化范围;determining the variation range of the oblique angle of view of the synthetic aperture radar according to the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed;
将所述斜视角变化范围分为N等份,确定所述每次扫描的斜视角。The variation range of the oblique angle is divided into N equal parts, and the oblique angle of each scan is determined.
可选地,所述根据所述扫描次数以及所述每次扫描的观测角度对所述探测区域进行扫描,获得目标图像,包括:Optionally, the scanning of the detection area according to the number of scans and the observation angle of each scan to obtain a target image includes:
获得与N次扫描对应的N幅扫描图像;Obtain N scan images corresponding to N scans;
将所述N幅扫描图像进行图像融合,获得所述目标图像。performing image fusion on the N scanned images to obtain the target image.
可选地,在所述获得目标图像之后,所述方法还包括:Optionally, after the target image is obtained, the method further includes:
对所述目标图像进行图像处理;performing image processing on the target image;
对经过图像处理后的目标图像进行目标识别,以探测所述待观测目标。Target recognition is performed on the image-processed target image to detect the target to be observed.
可选地,所述方法还包括:Optionally, the method also includes:
在对所述探测区域以外的待扫描区域进行扫描时,控制所述合成孔径雷达对所述待扫描区域进行一次扫描成像。When scanning an area to be scanned other than the detection area, the synthetic aperture radar is controlled to scan and image the area to be scanned once.
根据本公开实施例的第二方面,提供一种合成孔径雷达探测装置,所述装置包括:According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a synthetic aperture radar detection device is provided, the device comprising:
区域确定模块,用于确定探测区域,所述探测区域至少包括待观测目标所在的区域;An area determination module, configured to determine a detection area, the detection area at least including the area where the target to be observed is located;
处理模块,用于确定合成孔径雷达扫描所述探测区域的扫描次数N,以及确定N次扫描中每次扫描的观测角度,N为大于1的正整数;A processing module, configured to determine the number of scans N of the detection area scanned by the synthetic aperture radar, and determine the observation angle of each scan in the N scans, where N is a positive integer greater than 1;
图像获取模块,在所述合成孔径雷达经过所述探测区域时,根据所述扫描次数以及所述每次扫描的观测角度对所述探测区域进行扫描,获得目标图像。The image acquisition module scans the detection area according to the number of scans and the observation angle of each scan when the synthetic aperture radar passes through the detection area to obtain a target image.
可选地,所述观测角度包括侧视角和斜视角,所述处理模块,包括:Optionally, the viewing angle includes a side viewing angle and an oblique viewing angle, and the processing module includes:
侧视角确定子模块,用于根据所述待观测目标与所述合成孔径雷达的运行轨道的相对位置,确定所述合成孔径雷达的波束中心照射到所述待观测目标的侧视角,其中,所述N次扫描中每次扫描的侧视角相同;The side angle of view determination submodule is used to determine the side angle of view at which the center of the beam of the synthetic aperture radar irradiates the target to be observed according to the relative position of the target to be observed and the orbit of the synthetic aperture radar, wherein the The side angle of view of each scan in the above N scans is the same;
斜视角确定子模块,用于根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述N次扫描中每次扫描的斜视角。The oblique angle determination submodule is configured to determine the oblique angle of each of the N scans according to the characteristic parameters of the object to be observed.
可选地,所述斜视角确定子模块,包括:Optionally, the oblique angle determination submodule includes:
第一确定子模块,用于根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述合成孔径雷达的斜视角变化范围;The first determination submodule is used to determine the variation range of the oblique angle of view of the synthetic aperture radar according to the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed;
第二确定子模块,用于将所述斜视角变化范围分为N等份,确定所述每次扫描的斜视角。The second determination sub-module is configured to divide the variation range of the oblique angle into N equal parts, and determine the oblique angle of each scan.
可选地,所述图像获取模块,包括:Optionally, the image acquisition module includes:
第一获取子模块,用于获得与N次扫描对应的N幅扫描图像;The first acquiring submodule is used to acquire N scan images corresponding to N scans;
第二获取子模块,用于将所述N幅扫描图像进行图像融合,获得所述目标图像。The second acquisition sub-module is configured to perform image fusion on the N scan images to obtain the target image.
可选地,所述装置还包括:Optionally, the device also includes:
图像处理模块,用于对所述目标图像进行图像处理;An image processing module, configured to perform image processing on the target image;
识别模块,用于对经过图像处理后的目标图像进行目标识别,以探测所述待观测目标。The recognition module is used for performing target recognition on the target image after image processing, so as to detect the target to be observed.
可选地,所述装置还包括:Optionally, the device also includes:
控制模块,用于在对所述探测区域以外的待扫描区域进行扫描时,控制所述合成孔径雷达对所述待扫描区域进行一次扫描成像。The control module is configured to control the synthetic aperture radar to scan and image the area to be scanned once when scanning the area to be scanned other than the detection area.
根据本公开实施例的第三方面,提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序指令,该程序指令被处理器执行时实现本公开第一方面提供的合成孔径雷达探测方法中的步骤。According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps in the synthetic aperture radar detection method provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure are implemented. step.
根据本公开实施例的第四方面,提供一种合成孔径雷达探测装置,所述装置包括:According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a synthetic aperture radar detection device is provided, the device comprising:
本公开第三方面提供的计算机可读存储介质;以及The computer-readable storage medium provided by the third aspect of the present disclosure; and
一个或多个处理器,用于执行所述计算机可读存储介质中的程序。One or more processors for executing the program in the computer-readable storage medium.
本公开中,合成孔径雷达在经过探测区域上方时,对所述探测区域进行多次扫描,且每次扫描的观测角度不同,这样,通过多次多角度扫描获得探测区域的目标图像,能够对探测区域进行全方位观测,提高了合成孔径雷达的侦测能力。In the present disclosure, when the synthetic aperture radar passes above the detection area, it scans the detection area multiple times, and the observation angles of each scan are different. In this way, the target image of the detection area is obtained through multiple multi-angle scans, which can All-round observation of the detection area improves the detection capability of the synthetic aperture radar.
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the detailed description that follows.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开,但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中:The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the description, together with the following specific embodiments, are used to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure. In the attached picture:
图1为本公开一示例性实施例示出的一种合成孔径雷达探测方法的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a synthetic aperture radar detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
图2是为本公开一示例性实施例示出的包含多个散射中心的待观测目标的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an object to be observed including multiple scattering centers shown for an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
图3为本公开一示例性实施例示出的探测区域示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detection area shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
图4为本公开一示例性实施例示出的星载合成孔径雷达的参数示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of parameters of a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
图5为本公开一示例性实施例示出的斜视角示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an oblique view according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
图6为本公开一示例性实施例示出的合成孔径雷达探测方法的流程图。Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a synthetic aperture radar detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
图7为本公开一示例性实施例示出的一种合成孔径雷达探测装置的示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic aperture radar detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开,并不用于限制本公开。Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.
如图1所示,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的一种合成孔径雷达探测方法的流程图,该方法包括以下步骤。As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a flowchart of a synthetic aperture radar detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the method includes the following steps.
在步骤S11中,确定探测区域,所述探测区域至少包括待观测目标所在的区域;In step S11, the detection area is determined, and the detection area includes at least the area where the target to be observed is located;
在步骤S12中,确定合成孔径雷达扫描所述探测区域的扫描次数N,以及确定N次扫描中每次扫描的观测角度,N为大于1的正整数;In step S12, determine the number of scans N for the synthetic aperture radar to scan the detection area, and determine the observation angle of each scan in the N scans, where N is a positive integer greater than 1;
在步骤S13中,在所述合成孔径雷达经过所述探测区域时,根据所述扫描次数以及所述每次扫描的观测角度对所述探测区域进行扫描,获得目标图像。In step S13, when the synthetic aperture radar passes through the detection area, the detection area is scanned according to the number of scans and the observation angle of each scan to obtain a target image.
应理解的是,合成孔径雷达可以为机载合成孔径雷达,也可以为星载合成孔径雷达,为了更好的理解本公开提供的合成孔径雷达探测方法,这里以星载合成孔径雷达为例来进行说明。It should be understood that the synthetic aperture radar can be an airborne synthetic aperture radar or a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. In order to better understand the synthetic aperture radar detection method provided in the present disclosure, here we take the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar as an example. Be explained.
本公开中,待观测目标可以是有遮挡的、或结构复杂的建筑或掩体,例如较高的楼房、山体、地震废墟等。待观测目标还可以是具有多个散射中心的目标,如图2所示,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的包含多个散射中心的待观测目标的示意图。所述探测区域为至少包含所述待观测目标在内的区域。在一个实施例中,探测区域即为待观测目标所在区域。在另一个实施例中,探测区域为包括待观测目标所在区域,且与待观测目标的距离小于等于一预设距离的区域范围。In the present disclosure, the target to be observed may be a building or bunker with a shelter or a complex structure, such as a tall building, a mountain, an earthquake ruin, and the like. The object to be observed may also be an object having multiple scattering centers, as shown in FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of an object to be observed including multiple scattering centers according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The detection area is an area including at least the object to be observed. In one embodiment, the detection area is the area where the target to be observed is located. In another embodiment, the detection area includes the area where the object to be observed is located, and the distance to the object to be observed is less than or equal to a preset distance.
所述探测区域的确定可以是用户根据实际需要选取的。举例来说,合成孔径雷达首先获得一幅扫描图像,该扫描图像可以是在合成孔径雷达的任意工作模式下采集得到的(例如:条带式工作模式、扫描式工作模式、聚束式模式等),用户在该扫描图像上确定需要被多角度观测的探测区域。请参考图3,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的探测区域示意图。在图3中,目标B被目标A遮挡,可以将目标B为所述待观测目标,目标B所在的圆形区域可以被确定为探测区域。The determination of the detection area may be selected by the user according to actual needs. For example, the synthetic aperture radar first obtains a scanning image, which can be collected under any working mode of the synthetic aperture radar (for example: strip working mode, scanning working mode, spotlight mode, etc. ), the user determines the detection area that needs to be observed from multiple angles on the scanned image. Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of a detection area shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In FIG. 3 , the target B is blocked by the target A, and the target B can be regarded as the target to be observed, and the circular area where the target B is located can be determined as the detection area.
本公开中,对所述探测区域的扫描次数N可以是预设的,例如,默认扫描次数为10次。扫描次数N也可以根据探测区域的范围来自动选择,例如,探测区域的范围较大时,扫描次数N也较大,探测区域的范围较小时,扫描次数N可以适当减小。当然,扫描次数N还可以根据其他方式来进行确定,本公开不做限定。应理解的是,为了保证合成孔径雷达的工作效率,可以对扫描次数进行限定,如5<N<15。In the present disclosure, the number of scans N of the detection area may be preset, for example, the default number of scans is 10. The number of scans N can also be automatically selected according to the range of the detection area. For example, when the range of the detection area is large, the number of scans N is also large, and when the range of the detection area is small, the number of scans N can be appropriately reduced. Of course, the number of scans N may also be determined in other manners, which is not limited in the present disclosure. It should be understood that, in order to ensure the working efficiency of the SAR, the number of scans may be limited, such as 5<N<15.
合成孔径雷达在对探测区域进行N次扫描时,每次扫描都有对应的观测角度,N次扫描的观测角度可以根据实际需要进行设定,N次扫描的观测角度可以相同,也可以不同。在一个实施例中,N次扫描的观测角度均不相同,在每次扫描中,合成孔径雷达都对所述探测区域发射一次波束,并收集一次回波,通过这样的方式工作N次,便可以从不同方位角拍摄到探测区域的图像。When the synthetic aperture radar scans the detection area N times, each scan has a corresponding observation angle. The observation angle of the N scans can be set according to actual needs. The observation angles of the N scans can be the same or different. In one embodiment, the observation angles of the N scans are different. In each scan, the synthetic aperture radar emits a beam to the detection area and collects an echo. In this way, it works N times. Images of the detection area can be captured from different azimuths.
在确定了扫描次数N以及每次扫描的观测角度后,控制星载合成孔径雷达对探测区域进行扫描,获取目标图像,在该目标图像中,可以得到待观测目标的多方位的信息。After determining the number of scans N and the observation angle of each scan, the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar is controlled to scan the detection area to obtain the target image, in which the multi-directional information of the target to be observed can be obtained.
本公开中,星载合成孔径雷达在一次经过探测区域上方时,能够对探测区域进行多次可间断的、不同观测角度的扫描,获得探测区域的多方位信息,而相关技术中的合成孔径雷达在一次经过探测区域时,只能实现对探测区域的一次扫描成像,扫描结果也只是一侧的成像结果。因此,本公开中的方案能够实现对探测区域进行全方位的观测,提高了合成孔径雷达的侦测能力。In this disclosure, when the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar passes over the detection area once, it can scan the detection area multiple times intermittently and at different observation angles to obtain multi-directional information of the detection area, while the synthetic aperture radar in the related art When passing through the detection area once, only one scanning imaging of the detection area can be realized, and the scanning result is only the imaging result of one side. Therefore, the solution in the present disclosure can realize all-round observation of the detection area and improve the detection capability of the synthetic aperture radar.
可选地,所述观测角度包括侧视角和斜视角,所述确定N次扫描中每次扫描的观测角度,包括:Optionally, the observation angle includes a side view angle and an oblique view angle, and the determination of the observation angle of each scan in the N scans includes:
根据所述待观测目标与所述合成孔径雷达的运行轨道的相对位置,确定所述合成孔径雷达的波束中心照射到所述待观测目标的侧视角,其中,所述N次扫描中每次扫描的侧视角相同;According to the relative position of the target to be observed and the orbit of the synthetic aperture radar, determine the side angle of view at which the center of the beam of the synthetic aperture radar irradiates the target to be observed, wherein each scan in the N times of scanning the same side angle of view;
根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述N次扫描中每次扫描的斜视角。According to the characteristic parameters of the object to be observed, the oblique angle of each scan in the N scans is determined.
如图4所示,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的星载合成孔径雷达的参数示意图。请参考图4,星载合成孔径雷达的运行轨道方向为方位向,侧视角为天线视角投影在距离向平面的夹角,斜视角为天线视角投影在斜距平面的夹角。在该实施例中,观测角度包括侧视角和斜视角,针对每次扫描,侧视角都是相同的,斜视角可以是不同的。As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a schematic diagram of parameters of a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Please refer to Figure 4. The orbit direction of the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar is the azimuth direction, the side viewing angle is the included angle of the antenna viewing angle projected on the range plane, and the oblique viewing angle is the included angle of the antenna viewing angle projected on the slant range plane. In this embodiment, the observation angle includes a side view angle and an oblique angle view. For each scan, the side view angle is the same, and the oblique angle view can be different.
应理解的是,待观测目标的特性参数可以为待观测目标的高度、形状、方位等参数。在一个实施例中,待观测目标为一山体,该山体被另一山体遮挡,根据待观测山体与合成孔径雷达运行轨道的位置关系,确定侧视角,该侧视角能够保证波束扫描到山体所在区域。另外,根据待观测山体的高度、被遮挡面等特性参数,调整每次扫描的斜视角,在一个实施例中,至少保证合成孔径雷达的波束能够扫描到一次遮挡面区域。It should be understood that the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed may be parameters such as height, shape, and orientation of the target to be observed. In one embodiment, the target to be observed is a mountain body, and the mountain body is blocked by another mountain body. According to the positional relationship between the mountain body to be observed and the orbit of the synthetic aperture radar, a side view angle is determined, and the side view angle can ensure that the beam scans to the area where the mountain body is located. . In addition, according to the characteristic parameters such as the height of the mountain to be observed and the occluded surface, the oblique viewing angle of each scan is adjusted. In one embodiment, it is at least ensured that the beam of the synthetic aperture radar can scan the occluded surface area once.
当然,每次扫描的侧视角也可以根据实际需要进行调整,N次扫描的侧视角也可以不同,本公开不做具体限定。Of course, the side view angle of each scan can also be adjusted according to actual needs, and the side view angles of N scans can also be different, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.
可选地,所述根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述N次扫描中每次扫描的斜视角,包括:根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述合成孔径雷达的斜视角变化范围;将所述斜视角变化范围分为N等份,确定所述每次扫描的斜视角。Optionally, the determining the oblique angle of view of each of the N scans according to the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed includes: determining the oblique angle of the synthetic aperture radar according to the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed Angle of view variation range: Divide the oblique angle of view variation range into N equal parts, and determine the oblique angle of each scan.
应理解的是,当N次扫描的侧视角均相同时,根据合成孔径雷达的运行轨道以及侧视角可以确定一个斜距平面,请参考图4,合成孔径雷达发射波束的斜视角可以在斜距平面上进行调整。在一个实施例中,当星载合成孔径雷达沿运行轨道移动时,星载合成孔径雷达的位置不同,能够扫描到探测区域的斜视角也不同,因此,可以在斜距平面上确定能够扫描到探测区域的斜视角变化范围。It should be understood that when the side viewing angles of the N scans are the same, a slant range plane can be determined according to the SAR orbit and the side viewing angle. Please refer to Figure 4. Adjust on the plane. In one embodiment, when the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar moves along the orbit, the positions of the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar are different, and the oblique angles at which the detection area can be scanned are also different. Therefore, it can be determined on the slant range plane. The change range of the oblique angle of the detection area.
本公开中,每次扫描的斜视角可以通过多种方式来确定,如图5所示,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的斜视角示意图,在该实施例中,首先确定扫描次数N,扫描次数可以是预先设定好的,也可以是根据探测区域范围的大小来选定的。将斜视角变化范围进行N等分,确定每次扫描的斜视角。以斜视角变化范围为-30°~60°,N为9为例,将斜视角变化范围进行9等分,则每次扫描将斜视角调整10°,那么当合成孔径雷达的初始斜视角为-30°时,第一次扫描的斜视角调整为-20°,第二次扫描的斜视角调整为-10°,第三次扫描的斜视角调整为0°,以此类推。在另一实施例中,每次扫描的斜视角还可以为能够扫描到探测区域的任一角度。In the present disclosure, the oblique angle of view of each scan can be determined in various ways, as shown in FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the oblique angle of view shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the number of scans N is first determined, The number of scans can be preset or selected according to the size of the detection area. Divide the change range of the oblique angle into N equal parts to determine the oblique angle of each scan. Taking the changing range of the squint angle as -30°~60° and N as 9 as an example, divide the range of the squint angle into 9 equal parts, then adjust the angle of view by 10° for each scan, then when the initial angle of view of the synthetic aperture radar is When -30°, the oblique angle of the first scan is adjusted to -20°, the oblique angle of the second scan is adjusted to -10°, the oblique angle of the third scan is adjusted to 0°, and so on. In another embodiment, the oblique angle of each scan may be any angle capable of scanning to the detection area.
可选地,所述根据所述扫描次数以及所述每次扫描的观测角度对所述探测区域进行扫描,获得目标图像,包括:获得与N次扫描对应的N幅扫描图像;将所述N幅扫描图像进行图像融合,获得所述目标图像。Optionally, the scanning the detection area according to the number of scans and the observation angle of each scan to obtain the target image includes: obtaining N scan images corresponding to N scans; performing image fusion on the scanned images to obtain the target image.
本公开中,星载合成孔径雷达每进行一次扫描,生成一幅扫描图像,为了能够在一幅图像中获得探测区域的多方位信息以及周围物体的信息,可以将N幅扫描图像进行合理有效的融合,获得所述目标图像。在一个实施例中,针对不同扫描图像中对应的待观测目标的散射特性等信息,可以进行多角度图像的统合。图像融合的方法可以根据实际需要来设定,例如加权平均法、小波变换法等,本公开不做限定。In this disclosure, every time the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar performs a scan, a scan image is generated. In order to obtain the multi-directional information of the detection area and the information of the surrounding objects in one image, the N scan images can be reasonably and effectively fusion to obtain the target image. In one embodiment, multi-angle images can be integrated for information such as scattering characteristics of corresponding objects to be observed in different scanning images. The method of image fusion can be set according to actual needs, such as weighted average method, wavelet transform method, etc., which are not limited in the present disclosure.
可选地,在所述获得目标图像之后,所述方法还包括:对所述目标图像进行图像处理;对经过图像处理后的目标图像进行目标识别,以探测所述待观测目标。Optionally, after the target image is obtained, the method further includes: performing image processing on the target image; and performing target recognition on the image-processed target image, so as to detect the target to be observed.
应理解的是,融合后的目标图像较一次拍摄形成的图像而言,会有噪声大、拼接错位等缺陷,因此需要对目标图像进行一些后期处理,例如滤波、拼接校正等,得到经过图像处理后的目标图像,接下来,便可以对处理后的目标图像进行图像判读和目标识别,获得探测区域的信息。It should be understood that compared with the image formed by one shot, the fused target image has defects such as large noise and splicing dislocation. Therefore, it is necessary to perform some post-processing on the target image, such as filtering, splicing correction, etc., to obtain the image after image processing. After processing the target image, image interpretation and target recognition can be performed on the processed target image to obtain the information of the detection area.
可选地,所述方法还包括:在对所述探测区域以外的待扫描区域进行扫描时,控制所述合成孔径雷达对所述待扫描区域进行一次扫描成像。Optionally, the method further includes: when scanning an area to be scanned other than the detection area, controlling the synthetic aperture radar to scan and image the area to be scanned once.
本公开中,如果所有区域都需要进行多次扫描,则会大大降低星载合成孔径雷达的工作效率,因此,为了保证效率,可以对探测区域采用多角度的扫描,对其他区域仍采用现有的工作模式(例如条带式工作模式、扫描式工作模式、聚束式模式)进行一次扫描成像。In this disclosure, if multiple scans are required for all areas, the work efficiency of the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar will be greatly reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure efficiency, multi-angle scans can be used for the detection area, and existing scans can be used for other areas. The working mode (such as strip working mode, scanning working mode, spotlight mode) is used to scan and image once.
为了更好的理解本公开提供的合成孔径雷达探测方法,如图6所示,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的合成孔径雷达探测方法的流程图,包括以下步骤:In order to better understand the synthetic aperture radar detection method provided by the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6 , it is a flowchart of a synthetic aperture radar detection method shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, including the following steps:
步骤S61,确定探测区域;Step S61, determining the detection area;
步骤S62,设计合成孔径雷达的工作模式;Step S62, designing the working mode of the synthetic aperture radar;
步骤S63,控制合成孔径雷达在所述工作模式下扫描所述探测区域,获得多幅扫描图像;Step S63, controlling the synthetic aperture radar to scan the detection area in the working mode to obtain multiple scanned images;
步骤S64,对所述多幅扫描图像进行多角度图像融合,获得融合图像;Step S64, performing multi-angle image fusion on the multiple scanned images to obtain a fusion image;
步骤S65,对所述融合图像进行后期处理,获取处理后的融合图像;Step S65, performing post-processing on the fused image to obtain a processed fused image;
步骤S66,对所述处理后的融合图像进行目标识别。Step S66, performing target recognition on the processed fused image.
在该实施例中,设计合成孔径的工作模式包括设计扫描探测区域的扫描次数,以及每次扫描的侧视角以及斜视角。In this embodiment, designing the working mode of the synthetic aperture includes designing the number of scans to scan the detection area, and the side view angle and oblique view angle of each scan.
本公开中,在需要对探测区域进行多次扫描时,只需要调整星载合成孔径雷达天线发射波束的斜视角,因此不需要重新开发新的功能,这是目前几乎所有SAR卫星都可以实现的,无需为此而发射新的卫星,具有很强的通用性。另外,被遮挡目标或者散射特性复杂的目标在实际观测中是十分常见的,因此本公开提供的合成孔径雷达探测方法具有很强的实用性。In this disclosure, when the detection area needs to be scanned multiple times, it is only necessary to adjust the oblique angle of the launch beam of the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar antenna, so there is no need to redevelop new functions, which can be realized by almost all SAR satellites at present , there is no need to launch new satellites for this purpose, and it has strong versatility. In addition, occluded targets or targets with complex scattering characteristics are very common in actual observation, so the synthetic aperture radar detection method provided in the present disclosure has strong practicability.
如图7所示,为本公开一示例性实施例示出的一种合成孔径雷达探测装置的示意图,所述装置包括:As shown in FIG. 7 , it is a schematic diagram of a synthetic aperture radar detection device shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the device includes:
区域确定模块71,用于确定探测区域,所述探测区域至少包括待观测目标所在的区域;An area determination module 71, configured to determine a detection area, the detection area at least including the area where the target to be observed is located;
处理模块72,用于确定合成孔径雷达扫描所述探测区域的扫描次数N,以及确定N次扫描中每次扫描的观测角度,N为大于1的正整数;The processing module 72 is used to determine the number of scans N of the detection area scanned by the synthetic aperture radar, and to determine the observation angle of each scan in the N scans, where N is a positive integer greater than 1;
图像获取模块73,在所述合成孔径雷达经过所述探测区域时,根据所述扫描次数以及所述每次扫描的观测角度对所述探测区域进行扫描,获得目标图像。The image acquisition module 73 scans the detection area according to the number of scans and the observation angle of each scan when the synthetic aperture radar passes through the detection area to obtain a target image.
可选地,所述观测角度包括侧视角和斜视角,处理模块72,包括:Optionally, the viewing angles include side viewing angles and oblique viewing angles, and the processing module 72 includes:
侧视角确定子模块,用于根据所述待观测目标与所述合成孔径雷达的运行轨道的相对位置,确定所述合成孔径雷达的波束中心照射到所述待观测目标的侧视角,其中,所述N次扫描中每次扫描的侧视角相同;The side angle of view determination submodule is used to determine the side angle of view at which the center of the beam of the synthetic aperture radar irradiates the target to be observed according to the relative position of the target to be observed and the orbit of the synthetic aperture radar, wherein the The side angle of view of each scan in the above N scans is the same;
斜视角确定子模块,用于根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述N次扫描中每次扫描的斜视角。The oblique angle determination submodule is configured to determine the oblique angle of each of the N scans according to the characteristic parameters of the object to be observed.
可选地,所述斜视角确定子模块,包括:Optionally, the oblique angle determination submodule includes:
第一确定子模块,用于根据所述待观测目标的特性参数,确定所述合成孔径雷达的斜视角变化范围;The first determination submodule is used to determine the variation range of the oblique angle of view of the synthetic aperture radar according to the characteristic parameters of the target to be observed;
第二确定子模块,用于将所述斜视角变化范围分为N等份,确定所述每次扫描的斜视角。The second determination sub-module is configured to divide the variation range of the oblique angle into N equal parts, and determine the oblique angle of each scan.
可选地,图像获取模块73,包括:Optionally, the image acquisition module 73 includes:
第一获取子模块,用于获得与N次扫描对应的N幅扫描图像;The first acquiring submodule is used to acquire N scan images corresponding to N scans;
第二获取子模块,用于将所述N幅扫描图像进行图像融合,获得所述目标图像。The second acquisition sub-module is configured to perform image fusion on the N scan images to obtain the target image.
可选地,所述装置还包括:Optionally, the device also includes:
图像处理模块,用于对所述目标图像进行图像处理;An image processing module, configured to perform image processing on the target image;
识别模块,用于对经过图像处理后的目标图像进行目标识别,以探测所述待观测目标。The recognition module is used for performing target recognition on the target image after image processing, so as to detect the target to be observed.
可选地,所述装置还包括:Optionally, the device also includes:
控制模块,用于在对所述探测区域以外的待扫描区域进行扫描时,控制所述合成孔径雷达对所述待扫描区域进行一次扫描成像。The control module is configured to control the synthetic aperture radar to scan and image the area to be scanned once when scanning the area to be scanned other than the detection area.
基于同一构思,本公开还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序指令,该程序指令被处理器执行时实现本公开提供的合成孔径雷达探测方法中的步骤。Based on the same idea, the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which computer program instructions are stored, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps in the synthetic aperture radar detection method provided in the present disclosure are implemented.
基于同一构思,本公开还提供一种合成孔径雷达探测装置,所述装置包括:本公开提供的计算机可读存储介质;以及一个或多个处理器,用于执行所述计算机可读存储介质中的程序。Based on the same idea, the present disclosure also provides a synthetic aperture radar detection device, which includes: the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present disclosure; and one or more processors, configured to execute the program of.
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式,但是,本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本公开的技术构思范围内,可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure. These simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner if there is no contradiction. The combination method will not be described separately.
此外,本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本公开的思想,其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。In addition, various implementations of the present disclosure can be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the idea of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in the present disclosure.
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