CN108350715A - 具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置 - Google Patents

具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置 Download PDF

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CN108350715A
CN108350715A CN201680065883.1A CN201680065883A CN108350715A CN 108350715 A CN108350715 A CN 108350715A CN 201680065883 A CN201680065883 A CN 201680065883A CN 108350715 A CN108350715 A CN 108350715A
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door
component
connecting elements
hinge means
sliding
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CN108350715B (zh
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艾罗司·葛拉迪
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C.M.I.铰链机械工业有限公司
Cmi Hinge Machinery Industry Co Ltd
CMI Cerniere Meccaniche Industriali SRL
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Cmi Hinge Machinery Industry Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
    • E05D7/08—Hinges or pivots of special construction for use in suspensions comprising two spigots placed at opposite edges of the wing, especially at the top and the bottom, e.g. trunnions
    • E05D7/082—Hinges or pivots of special construction for use in suspensions comprising two spigots placed at opposite edges of the wing, especially at the top and the bottom, e.g. trunnions the pivot axis of the wing being situated at a considerable distance from the edges of the wing, e.g. for balanced wings
    • E05D7/086—Braking devices structurally combined with hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/08—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/087—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with substantially axial friction, e.g. friction disks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E05F1/12—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs
    • E05F1/1246—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis
    • E05F1/1253—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis with a compression spring
    • E05F1/1261—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis with a compression spring for counterbalancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/02—Doors specially adapted for stoves or ranges
    • F24C15/023—Mounting of doors, e.g. hinges, counterbalancing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4251—Details of the casing
    • A47L15/4257—Details of the loading door
    • A47L15/4261—Connections of the door to the casing, e.g. door hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/214—Disengaging means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/224—Stops
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
    • E05Y2201/232—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means
    • E05Y2201/24—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means using lost motion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
    • E05Y2201/26—Mechanical friction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
    • E05Y2600/40—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements
    • E05Y2600/45—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements in or on the fixed frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/26—Form or shape
    • E05Y2800/292—Form or shape having apertures
    • E05Y2800/296—Slots
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/74—Specific positions
    • E05Y2800/75—Specific positions intermediate
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/30—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for domestic appliances
    • E05Y2900/304—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for domestic appliances for dishwashers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/30—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for domestic appliances
    • E05Y2900/308—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for domestic appliances for ovens

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Toilet Supplies (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置，其包含第一连接构件(3)，所述第一连接构件(3)被配设以固定至结构或框架并通过铰链销(4)可旋转地连接至第二连接构件(5)，所述第二连接构件(5)被配设以固定至门或挡门。所述装置(1)包含至少一互连构件(7)，所述互连构件(7)具有通过第一连接销(9)连接至所述第二连接构件(5)的第一端及通过第二连接销(11)连接至滑动构件(13)的第二端，所述滑动构件(13)被限制为沿着所述第一连接构件(3)移动，并具有弹性构件(15)及摩擦构件(17)，所述摩擦构件(17)被配设以通过所述互连构件(7)分别传送弹力及摩擦力至所述第二连接构件(5)，弹力指向所述门或挡门的极端关闭状态(C)的方向，摩擦力与所述门或挡门的旋转相反。所述装置(1)也包含停止构件(19)，所述停止构件(19)被配设为在关闭门或挡门的旋转的端部中邻接于所述滑动构件(13)，其在对应于所述门或挡门的通气开启状态(S)停止所述滑动构件(13)。所述连接销(11)被容纳在形成于所述互连构件(7)的第二端的相应的座(21)中的间隙，且开槽的形状允许所述连接构件(5)与所述门或挡门执行从所述通气开启状态(S)至所述极端关闭状态(C)关闭所述门或挡门的旋转的最后部分。

Description

具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于洗碗机以及用于其他装置例如烤箱等的铰链的领域，更特别的是涉及一种具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置，以允许蒸气在洗涤结束或在烹饪过程中或之后流出。
背景技术
已知的洗碗机铰链允许打开和关闭具有水平和下旋转轴的门，从而平衡所述门的重量。在洗涤操作结束时，洗碗机执行碗盘的最后加热阶段，在此之后使用者应该打开门至少几度，以允许蒸气流出。在适当的时间忽略门的开启，蒸气会保留在洗碗机内，并且由于冷却，蒸气再次凝结于碗盘和洗碗机内部。通常情况下，使用者会忘记打开门，或者例如由于已知的铰链的弹性体施加到门上的弹性闭合力使门未被充分打开。
已知的铰链的另一个缺点在于，它们可能允许从开口处一定程度上无意地开启门，使得蒸气通气器因此占据地板区域的一部分，造成绊倒不知情的旁观者的危险。
众所周知的是用于门锁的电动控制，有时它们可以提供小弹性开启推动。这种锁可应用于洗碗机以在洗涤循环结束时于执行开启，但是需要平衡门重量的铰链的弹力阻止门打开至足以允许排气。
发明内容
本发明的一目的在于提出一种具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置，其在开启的早期阶段或开启少数度(例如从大约8°至大约20°，优选大约11°)时，不会向门传递弹性闭合力和/或与抵抗开启的摩擦力。
另一目的在于提出一种铰链装置，其从通气开启状态到完全开启状态(反之亦然)，能够平衡门的重量并且制止其旋转。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种铰链装置，其能够为门提供朝向所述通气开启状态推动的小弹性开口，以回应于锁的开启而促进初始门开启阶段。
附图说明
以下特别参照附图显示本发明的特征，其中：
图1示出本发明的目的所提出具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置于关闭状态的前视图和局部视图；
图2示出图1的细节放大图；
图3示出图1的第一连接构件的轴向等距视图；
图4示出图3的细节放大图，以更佳地示出相应的停止构件；
图5示出图1的互连构件的前视图和放大图；
图6示出图1具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置于11°的通气开启状态下的前视图，并且其中以示意的和部分的方式示出相应的弹性构件；
图7示出图6的细节放大图；
图8示出图1具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置，如大倾斜箭头所示处于未完全开启的状态并朝向完全开启的旋转阶段的前视图，其中由未示出的弹性构件传送的弹力以垂直向上指向的较小倾斜箭头表示；
图9为图8的细节放大图；
图10示出图1具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置于与图8中的铰链装置对应而处于未完全打开状态但是处于朝向由倾斜的大箭头所示的封闭件的旋转状态的前视图，其中由未示出的弹性构件传送的弹力以垂直向上指向的较小倾斜箭头表示；
图11示出图10的细节放大图；
图12示出图1的装置的变型的前视图和关闭状态；
图13和14通过它们各自的观点示出图12的推动构件的轴向图和分解图。
具体实施方式
参照图1至11，1表示本发明具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置，其包含第一连接构件3，所述第一连接构件3被配设以固定至洗碗机或具有水平和底旋转轴的门的其他装置的结构或框架。
所述第一连接构件3通过铰链销4可旋转地连接至第二连接构件5，所述铰链销4的旋转轴定义所述门的旋转轴，所述第二连接构件5被配设以固定至洗碗机或其他器具的所述门或挡门。
所述铰链装置1也包含至少一互连构件7，所述互连构件7由一个成型的连接杆所组成，所述连接杆具有通过第一连接销9连接至所述第二连接构件5的第一端及通过第二连接销11连接至滑动构件13的第二端，所述滑动构件13被限制为沿着所述第一连接构件3移动
所述滑动构件13连接至或具有示意性地和部分地示出于图6中的弹性构件15，且所述滑动构件13连接至摩擦构件17，所述摩擦构件17被配设以通过所述互连构件7分别传送弹力及摩擦力至所述第二连接构件5，弹力指向所述门或挡门的极端关闭状态C的方向，摩擦力指向与所述门或挡门的旋转相反的方向。
所述装置1也包含停止构件19，所述停止构件19被配设为在关闭门或挡门的旋转的端部中邻接于所述滑动构件13或优选地邻接于所述摩擦构件17的组件，其在对应于推动此门或挡门的所述门或挡门的通气开启状态S停止所述滑动构件13，脱离弹性闭合力的作用和所述摩擦构件产生的摩擦力。所述连接销11牢固地固定至所述滑动构件13，且其被容纳在所述互连构件7的第二端中形成的相应的座21的间隙，且所述座21成型为开槽的形式，所述开槽沿所述滑动构件的运动方向朝所述门或挡门的关闭状态C延伸。在本发明一个显而易见的替代方案中，所述连接销11牢固地固定至所述互连构件7的第二端，并且被容纳在所述滑动构件13中获得的相应的座21的间隙中。
用于所述连接销11的所述座21的形状允许所述连接构件5与所述门或挡门执行从所述通气开启状态S至所述极端关闭状态C关闭所述门或挡门的旋转的最后部分，并在所述滑动构件13抵靠防止所述滑动构件13进一步移动的停止构件19时对应地反向旋转。
所述摩擦构件17提供所述第二连接构件5摩擦力，所述摩擦力在强度或模数上高于由所述弹性构件15给予所述第二连接构件5的弹力。
所述滑动构件13由摇动臂所组成，所述摇动臂的中央部分与所述连接销11啮合。所述摩擦构件17包括至少一个摩擦滑动块25，优选地如图1至图11所示为两个，并被放置于相对所述连接销11的相反位置。每个摩擦滑动块25通过相应的销固定在所述滑动构件13上，并沿着所述第一连接构件3的相应的滑动壁27滑动，所述滑动壁27平行于所述滑动构件13的移动方向。
每个滑动壁27平行于所述连接销11，并平行于每个固定相应的摩擦滑动块25的销；所述滑动构件13具有的挂钩23，其相对于所述连接销11以向每个摩擦滑动块25传递推动所述摩擦滑动块25抵靠相应的滑动壁27的邻接扭矩的方式，用于放置所述弹性构件15。所述弹性构件15例如是压缩螺旋弹簧的类型，其一端与所述第一连接构件的架子或支撑件35邻接，且其相反的端部通过未示出的引导弹簧的内部杆作用在所述滑动构件13的挂钩23上。
所述停止构件19在靠近所述至少一个滑动壁27之处被固定至或被形成于所述第一连接构件3，以邻接所述滑动构件13或优选地邻接摩擦滑动块25中的一个，对应于所述通气开启状态S阻止其朝向关闭门或挡门的行程。
优选地，用于所述弹性构件15的所述挂钩23被放置于所述滑动构件13中，在相对于所述第二连接销11与被配设为和所述停止构件19邻接的摩擦滑动块25相反的一侧。
如图1至图11所示，所述挂钩23和所述弹性构件的弹力的施力直线相对于平行于所述滑动构件13的移动运动并穿过所述连接销11的几何直线偏移，且所述摩擦滑动块25相互偏移，使得由所述挂钩23相对于所述连接销11的偏移产生的扭矩被传递至所述摩擦滑动块25，并将它们压靠在相应的滑动壁27上。在通气开启状态S下，所述第二连接构件5和门相较于所述关闭状态C的旋转角度通常在8°和20°之间，并且优选地是约11°；当所述停止构件19邻接于所述滑动构件13时，所述槽形的座21的纵向延伸例如允许门进行后者角度的旋转。
所述装置1的操作提供所述门或挡门可通过由电控锁产生的轻微推力从关闭状态C到达通气开启状态S，且其提供所述门可通过手动推动或惯性而依循相反的路线行进。
这通过所述槽形的座21的纵向延伸允许，其允许所述门在关闭状态C和通气状态S之间自由旋转，使所述门脱离施加到所述滑动构件13的弹簧力和摩擦力，而所述滑动构件13的移动被停止构件19所阻止。
图12至图14的变型装置的所述互连构件7由连接杆所组成，或如图12所示由连接链的连接杆与摇动臂所组成。
所述变型包含推动构件29，所述推动构件29配置有弹性构件，并且被配设以弹力作用于所述互连构件7上以促进或允许实现所述门或所述挡门从关闭状态C到达通气状态S。所述推动构件29包括固定至所述第一连接构件3的相应的本体并且具有纵向腔体，所述纵向腔体容纳在压缩下操作的螺旋弹簧，并且轴向地作用在所述腔体中的可移动杆上，所述腔体的外端将弹簧的弹力传送至所述互连构件7，为所述门提供从关闭状态C到通气状态S的弹性开启力。
在锁定的门的电致动开启之后，该变型的操作提供所述推动构件29的弹力允许或帮助所述门从关闭状态C至通气状态S的旋转。

Claims (10)

1.一种具有通气开启可能性的铰链装置，其包含第一连接构件(3)，所述第一连接构件(3)被配设以固定至结构或框架并通过铰链销(4)可旋转地连接至第二连接构件(5)，所述第二连接构件(5)被配设以固定至门或挡门；其特征在于，所述装置(1)包含至少一互连构件(7)，所述互连构件(7)具有通过第一连接销(9)连接至所述第二连接构件(5)的第一端及通过第二连接销(11)连接至滑动构件(13)的第二端，所述滑动构件(13)被限制为沿着所述第一连接构件(3)移动，并具有弹性构件(15)及摩擦构件(17)，所述摩擦构件(17)被配设以通过所述互连构件(7)分别传送弹力及摩擦力至所述第二连接构件(5)，弹力指向所述门或挡门的极端关闭状态(C)的方向，摩擦力指向与所述门或挡门的旋转相反的方向；且所述装置(1)包含停止构件(19)，所述停止构件(19)被配设为在关闭门或挡门的旋转的端部中邻接于所述滑动构件(13)，其在对应于所述门或挡门的通气开启状态(S)停止所述滑动构件(13)，所述连接销(11)被容纳在形成于所述互连构件(7)的第二端的相应的座(21)中的间隙，且开槽的形状允许所述连接构件(5)与所述门或挡门执行从所述通气开启状态(S)至所述极端关闭状态(C)关闭所述门或挡门的旋转的最后部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，所述摩擦构件(17)提供所述第二连接构件(5)摩擦力，所述摩擦力在强度或模数上高于由所述弹性构件(15)给予所述第二连接构件(5)的弹力。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，所述滑动构件(13)由摇动臂所组成，所述摇动臂的中央部分与所述连接销(11)啮合。
4.如前述请求项中任一项所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，每个摩擦构件(17)包括至少一个摩擦滑动块(25)，所述摩擦滑动块(25)通过相应的销固定在所述滑动构件(13)上，并沿着所述第一连接构件(3)的相应的滑动壁(27)且平行于所述滑动构件(13)的移动方向滑动。
5.根据权利要求4所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，每个滑动壁(27)平行于所述连接销(11)，并平行于每个摩擦滑动块(25)的限制销，且所述滑动构件(13)具有挂钩(23)，其相对于所述连接销(11)以向每个摩擦滑动块(25)传递抵靠相应的滑动壁(27)的邻接扭矩的方式，用于放置所述弹性构件(15)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，所述至少一停止构件(19)在靠近所述至少一个滑动壁(27)之处被固定至或被形成于所述第一连接构件(3)，以邻接所述滑动构件(13)，对应于所述通气开启状态(S)阻止其朝向关闭门或挡门的行程。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，用于所述弹性构件(15)的所述挂钩(23)被放置于所述滑动构件(13)中相对于所述第二连接销(11)与被配设为和所述停止构件(19)邻接的摩擦滑动块(25)相反的一侧。
8.如前述请求项中任一项所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，形成于所述滑动构件(13)中，用于容纳所述第二连接销(11)的所述开槽座(21)大致沿所述滑动构件的运动方向延伸，并具有纵向延伸，所述纵向延伸通过手动推动而允许所述互连构件(7)、所述第二连接构件(5)及所述门或所述挡门从所述通气开启状态(S)开始到达关闭状态(C)。
9.如前述请求项中任一项所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，所述互连构件(7)由连接杆或一系列连接杆与摇动臂所组成。
10.根据权利要求9所述的铰链装置，其特征在于，所述装置(1)包含推动构件(29)，所述推动构件(29)包括弹性装置，并且被配设为利用指定的弹力作用于所述互连构件(7)以促进或允许实现所述门或所述挡门的通气开启状态(S)。
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