CN108348196A - 无试剂测试条系统和方法 - Google Patents

无试剂测试条系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN108348196A
CN108348196A CN201680063276.1A CN201680063276A CN108348196A CN 108348196 A CN108348196 A CN 108348196A CN 201680063276 A CN201680063276 A CN 201680063276A CN 108348196 A CN108348196 A CN 108348196A
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阿尼鲁达·帕特沃德韩
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Abstract

用无试剂干测试条检测分析物的系统包括收集器,用于从用户收集血液样品。所述系统还包括混合器,用于接收收集器并混合血液样品。所述系统还包括试剂,其位于混合器中,用于与血液样品混合。所述系统还包括干测试条,用于接收与试剂混合的血液样品。

Description

无试剂测试条系统和方法
背景技术
针对分析物、疾病、感染和可以通过血液分析进行检测的其他病况的血液测试是一种实用的诊断工具。一种实用的即时诊断工具是干测试条。制造这种测试条的主要成本是活性酶和发色团。如果可以降低制备用于分析物检测的测试条所需的活性酶或发色团和其他组分的量,那将是理想的。
发明内容
在一个实施方案中,用无试剂干测试条检测分析物的系统包括收集器,用于从用户收集血液样品。所述系统还包括混合器,用于接收收集器并混合血液样品。所述系统还包括试剂,其位于混合器中,用于与血液样品混合。所述系统还包括干测试条,用于接收与试剂混合的血液样品。可选地,所述系统还包括光学测量仪,用于检测测试条中颜色变化,所述光学测量仪执行存储在光学测量仪的固定有形介质中的指令,当所述光学测量仪执行所述指令时,光学测量仪会检测测试条的光学性质并基于所述光学性质报告血液样品中分析物的水平。可选地,所述收集器包括毛细管。或者,当将收集器插入到混合器中时,混合器形成密封收集器的形状。在一种配置中,所述干测试条包括扩散层。在另一种配置中,所述干测试条包括第一红血细胞分离层。可选地,所述干测试条包括第二红血细胞分离层。或者,所述干测试条包括反应膜。在一种配置中,所述反应膜不包括任何试剂。在另一种配置中,所述试剂用来测试总胆固醇。可选地,所述试剂包括胆固醇酯酶、胆固醇氧化酶、辣根过氧化物酶和醌亚胺发色团前体如4-氨基安替比林(4-amino antipyrine,4-AAP)和N-乙基-N-(2-羟基-3-磺丙基)-3,5-二甲基苯胺、钠盐和一水合物(MAOS)。
在一个实施方案中,用无试剂干测试条检测分析物的方法包括提供收集器、混合器、位于混合器中的试剂、和干测试条,并使用收集器来收集血液样品。所述方法还包括使收集器与混合器相配合并在混合器中混合血液样品。所述方法还包括将混合器中的血液样品施加到干测试条上。所述方法还包括用光学测量仪检测测试条中的光学性质。可选地,所述配合包括将收集器插入到混合器中。在一种配置中,所述方法还包括使测试条的光学性质与血液样品中分析物的预测浓度相关联,并基于所述光学性质报告血液样品中分析物的水平。可选地,所述收集器包括毛细管。或者,当将收集器插入到混合器中时,混合器形成密封收集器的形状。可选地,所述干测试条包括扩散层。在一种配置中,所述干测试条包括第一红血细胞分离层。可选地,所述干测试条包括第二红血细胞分离层。或者,所述干测试条包括反应膜。可选地,所述反应膜不包括任何试剂。在一种配置中,所述试剂用来测试总胆固醇。可选地,所述试剂包括胆固醇酯酶、胆固醇氧化酶、辣根过氧化物酶和醌亚胺发色团前体如4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)和N-乙基-N-(2-羟基-3-磺丙基)-3,5-二甲基苯胺、钠盐和一水合物(MAOS)。
附图说明
图1a和1b示出了全血样品收集器的一个实施方案以及由手指穿刺收集毛细血管全血的方法;
图2示出了图1a的样品收集器,其插入到含有试剂的一种实施方案的混合器中;
图3示出了测试条的一个实施方案,使用时伴有预混合步骤;
图4-10中的图说明了在施加了预混合溶液的无试剂测试条的一个实施方案的测试中,随胆固醇浓度增加的剂量反应;以及
图11和12示出了与其中试剂已经被浸渍在膜中的测试条相比,干测试条中3.2μL“有效”样品量的动力学曲线。
具体实施方式
本文中仅为了方便而使用了某些术语,不视为对无试剂测试条系统和方法的实施方案的限制。在附图中,在几幅附图中使用了相同的参考字母来指定相同的元件。无试剂测试条的系统和方法包括在手持式混合器中进行预混合步骤,其中反应发生在施加到无试剂干测试条上之前。由于与干测试条工艺相比,在这一过程中混合更加完全并且需要更少的防腐剂,可用试剂的使用也更完全。
干测试条系统(包括测试条)通常使用干测试条化学形式,其中膜用昂贵的配方浸渍。配方中的主要组分是昂贵的酶,其被过量添加10至30倍以确保有足够的“活性”酶分子(在批次的整个寿命中),赋予对底物的反应性以产生反应,并因此产生颜色(通常使用Trinder反应)。另外,在施加全血样品时,加入昂贵的发色团生成前体、稳定剂和染料媒染剂以保持测试条的稳定性并产生流畅的颜色。典型的系统包括扩散层、一个或多个用于分离血细胞比容和未选择的分析物的层、和反应层。测试条中最昂贵的元件通常存在于反应层和分离层中。
无试剂测试条的系统和方法不浸渍反应膜,而是使用干测试条的形式来询问使用反射方法而产生的颜色,显著减少了酶的使用。优点包括:
1.每次测试所使用的酶明显较少,从而大大降低了每次测试的成本。
2.由于膜上不一致的浸渍方法而导致的条带间变化(strip-to-stripvariation)减小。
3.将消除为了确保浸渍的膜是否符合质量控制标准而进行的昂贵的过程中膜检查。
将由如图1a和1b所示的收集器收集样品(毛细血管或静脉全血),并放置在如图2所示的混合器中。图1a和1b示出了全血样品收集器的一个实施方案以及由手指穿刺收集毛细血管全血的方法。图2示出了样品收集器,其插入到含有试剂的混合器中。或者,样品收集器可以包括盖帽或其他闭合装置,用于在混合期间提供密封。在一个替代方案中,样品收集器可以包括刺血针以及毛细管。混合器部分含有合适的酶(例如,对于总胆固醇测定,针对特定分析物的专有配方中的胆固醇酯酶、胆固醇氧化酶、辣根过氧化物酶和醌亚胺发色团前体如4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)和N-乙基-N-(2-羟基-3-磺丙基)-3,5-二甲基苯胺、钠盐和一水合物(MAOS)酶系列(enzyme train))。将全血或血清样品与液体形式的酶系统混合一段特定的时间,然后施加在测试条(例如,条(单一测试条))上,并在光学分析仪(例如,分析仪)上读取。尽管针对总胆固醇提供了一个配方,但是根据该方法可以测试多种分析物,包括但不限于总胆固醇、LDL、HDL、葡萄糖和甘油三酯等。
单一测试条的实施方案将以这样的方式给出:它们将包含某些这样的元件:这些元件将具有使用扩散层使全血扩散的能力;由硼硅酸盐玻璃纤维膜制成的血液分离层,所述硼硅酸盐玻璃纤维膜用凝集素和其他RBC捕获试剂浸渍;以及第二血液分离层。图3示出了测试条的一个实施方案,使用时伴有预混合步骤。测试条300包括扩散层310,第一血液分离层320,第二血液分离层330,不包含任何试剂的反应层340,以及具有锚柱355的壳体350。这仅仅是测试条300的一个示例性实施方案,并且在替代实施方法中测试条300可以仅具有单一膜或层。或者,测试条可以是单一反应层,伴有一个或多个RBC(红细胞)分离层。或者,还可以包括一个扩散层,伴有任意以上配置。在一种配置中,扩散层310是PetexTM,切割成0.20×0.180英寸。在一种配置中,第一血液分离层320是TuffglassTM,切割成0.20×0.180英寸。可选地,该层用凝集素和其他RBC捕获剂浸渍。在一种配置中,第二血液分离层330是CytoSepTM 1660,切割成0.20×0.180英寸。在另一种配置中,反应层340是0.45A BiodyneMembraneTM,切割成0.20×0.180英寸。
在一些配置中,光学读取器可以用例如手机、PDA或平板电脑之类的手持式电子设备来代替。在一些配置中,可以提供在壳体中的空白测试条组件,其适合手持电子设备的照相机,所述壳体消除除了照亮测试条的单一光源之外的外部光。因此,可以以很小的成本提供具有扩散层和RBC分离层的标准组件;而且可以通过提供相应的预混合收集器和混合器来配置每个组件,所述收集器和混合器包含用于测试目标分析物的试剂。
下面讨论了包括预混合步骤和无试剂条的原型的结果。
实施例1
使用Polymer Technology Systems公司的工作说明书制备总胆固醇(TC)配方。向100μL Tc反应制剂中加入各种TC浓度的(参见表1)各种体积的(参见表2)血清。溶液通过涡旋混合。然后将12μL的最终溶液施加到测试条上。表1和2示出了该实施例的结果。
表1
表2
图4-10中的图示出了当“有效”样品量从1.85增加至9.2μL时,随胆固醇浓度增加的剂量反应。对于每个图,计算了线性回归和二阶多项式方程和线以确定图的曲线拟合方程。图4-8中的图都显示与多项式拟合线的相关性(R2)比与线性回归线的相关性要更好。虽然图7和图10在一阶和二阶曲线之间均未显示出差异,但图10中的相关性比图7中的相关性(R2 0.92对0.97)要低得多。这表明3.2μL的样品“有效”体积情况是最佳的,在整个测定的动态范围内产生线性剂量响应。
动力学数据
图11和12示出了与其中试剂已经被浸渍在膜中的测试条相比,3.2μL“有效”样品量的动力学曲线。
尽管在前面的具体实施方式中详细描述了具体实施方案并且在附图中进行了解释,但是本领域技术人员将认识到,根据本公开的总教导及其广泛的发明构思,可以开发针对这些详细描述的各种修改和替代方案。因此,应该理解的是,本公开的范围不限于在此公开的特定实施例和实现方法,而是旨在涵盖如所附权利要求及其任意和所有等同物所限定的精神和范围内的修改。注意,尽管示出了特定实施方案,但是各实施方案的特征可以互换。

Claims (23)

1.一种用无试剂干测试条检测分析物的系统,其包括:
收集器,用于从用户收集血液样品;
混合器,用于接收收集器并混合血液样品;
试剂,位于混合器中,用于与血液样品混合;以及
干测试条,用于接收与试剂混合的血液样品。
2.权利要求1所述的系统,其还包括:
光学测量仪,用于检测测试条中的颜色变化,所述光学测量仪执行存储在光学测量仪的固定有形介质中的指令,当所述光学测量仪执行所述指令时,光学测量仪会检测测试条的光学性质并基于所述光学性质报告血液样品中分析物的水平。
3.权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述收集器包括毛细管。
4.权利要求1所述的系统,其中当将收集器插入到混合器中时,混合器形成密封收集器的形状。
5.权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述干测试条包括扩散层。
6.权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述干测试条包括第一红血细胞分离层。
7.权利要求6所述的系统,其中所述干测试条包括第二红血细胞分离层。
8.权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述干测试条包括反应膜。
9.权利要求8所述的系统,其中所述反应膜不包括任何试剂。
10.权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述试剂用来测试总胆固醇。
11.权利要求10所述的系统,其中所述试剂包括胆固醇酯酶、胆固醇氧化酶、辣根过氧化物酶和醌亚胺发色团前体如4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)和N-乙基-N-(2-羟基-3-磺丙基)-3,5-二甲基苯胺、钠盐、一水合物(MAOS)。
12.一种用无试剂干测试条检测分析物的方法,所述方法包括:
提供收集器、混合器、位于混合器中的试剂和干测试条;
使用收集器来收集血液样品;
使收集器与混合器相配合;
在混合器中混合血液样品;
将混合器中的血液样品施加到干测试条上;以及
用光学测量仪检测测试条中的光学性质。
13.权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述配合包括将收集器插入到混合器中。
14.权利要求12所述的方法,其还包括使测试条的光学性质与血液样品中分析物的预测浓度相关联,并基于所述光学性质报告血液样品中分析物的水平。
15.权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述收集器包括毛细管。
16.权利要求12所述的方法,其中当将收集器插入到混合器中时,混合器形成密封收集器的形状。
17.权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述干测试条包括扩散层。
18.权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述干测试条包括第一红血细胞分离层。
19.权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述干测试条包括第二红血细胞分离层。
20.权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述干测试条包括反应膜。
21.权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述反应膜不包括任何试剂。
22.权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述试剂用来测试总胆固醇。
23.权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述试剂包括胆固醇酯酶、胆固醇氧化酶、辣根过氧化物酶和醌亚胺发色团前体如4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)和N-乙基-N-(2-羟基-3-磺丙基)-3,5-二甲基苯胺、钠盐、一水合物(MAOS)。
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