CN108346858A - Control method, device and the equipment of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality - Google Patents
Control method, device and the equipment of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality Download PDFInfo
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- CN108346858A CN108346858A CN201810141337.2A CN201810141337A CN108346858A CN 108346858 A CN108346858 A CN 108346858A CN 201810141337 A CN201810141337 A CN 201810141337A CN 108346858 A CN108346858 A CN 108346858A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/22—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation in accordance with variation of frequency of radiated wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses control method, device, equipment and computer readable storage mediums that a kind of non-linear nano-antenna scatters directionality.Wherein, method includes that additional plane electromagnetic wave wraps up the dimer nano-antenna that the second dielectric material particle is constituted to by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene, calculates the dynamics Nonlinear System of Equations of the electric dipole moment of description dimer nano-antenna.According to Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering intensity of dimer nano-antenna is calculated；By the geometric parameter and graphene conductivity parameters that adjust dimer nano-antenna, so that the dipole scattering of dimer nano-antenna is in bistable state under the predeterminated frequency of plane electromagnetic wave, the electric field magnitude for being applied to the plane electromagnetic wave in dimer nano-antenna is adjusted, so that the scattering states of dimer nano-antenna switch between scattering states and second direction scattering states in a first direction.The application realizes the controllability operation in nonlinear optics nano-antenna scattering direction during temporal evolution.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to light to manipulate technical field, and directionality is scattered more particularly to a kind of non-linear nano-antenna
Control method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium.
Background technology
Antenna has obtained extensive use in the daily lifes such as broadcast, TV, remote sensing and field of scientific study.Conventional aerial
Operation wavelength change with the variation of its size.But since antenna size reaches nanoscale or is far below optical diffraction
When the limit, metal nano component cannot neglect the absorption of visible/near infrared some light and the influence of quantum size effect
Slightly, and because in optical frequencies, due to macroscopical optical element such as lens, face mirror is used for redirecting wave surface and cause antenna not into
The realization of one step research, optical frequencies antenna cannot be realized by simply reducing the size, and nano-antenna is on nanoscale
Light manipulation in terms of there is prodigious application value, the research of optical nano antenna to become the emerging heat subject of scientific circles.
Optical nano antenna is by metal (gold, silver, copper etc.) nano particle (shapes such as spherical shape, triangle, rodlike) and its phase
Isostructural various combination is constituted.After small metallic grains are by illumination, the free electron of particle surface is as external electric field is in collection
Body vibrates, therefore polarization is generated on particle.At a particular wavelength, the movement of this collective oscillation reaches high degree increasing
By force, as local surface plasma resonance.
Application of the nano-antenna in many functional integrated devices depends on the control to its electromagnetic scattering figure, therefore,
It is unquestionable to improve the importance of nano-antenna spectral tunability and scattering direction controllability in practical applications.Many institute's weeks
Know, the fluorescent effect of quantum transmitter can be adjusted by the optical resonance near control transmitter.However, nano particle
Surface etc. can equally adjust the fluorescent effect of transmitter from resonance effects, even on smaller scale.This is nanometer day
Application of the line on optical integrated device opens a more wide application prospect.The research and preparation of surface phasmon
Technology is highly developed, therefore the research of the nano-antenna based on surface phasmon material starts endlessly to occur.
2010, Yutaka Kadoya of the Hiroshima University of Japan et al. just utilized the Yagi spark gap day of one group of linearly aligned metal bar construction
Line realizes the directionality scattering of manipulation and nano-antenna to fluorescent effect.And then in 2011, Timur Shegai etc.
People realizes the adjustability of its spectrum using the nano-antenna of silver-colored golden bimetal granule dimeric structure, and proposes nano-photon
The concept of color selector.
In addition, surface of noble metal nano structure etc. is widely used in photon nanometric circuit and biosensor from primitive
Aspect.In recent years, it is covered with the dielectric particle of ultra-thin graphene layer, due to can be from Terahertz (THz) to the width of visible frequencies
Plasmon is supported in spectral region, becomes the good replacement of noble metal nano particles.This system have bigger can
Tonality causes the special interest of research circle based on the research of the plasmon effect in graphene-structured.However, graphite
Alkene structure, phasmon phenomenon and nonlinear response are not still explored largely, and these researchs are all only
Its surface phasmon and scattering nature are had studied from static state, does not consider the dynamics scattering nature of its Temporal Evolution.
Invention content
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of non-linear nano-antenna scatter the control method of directionality, device, equipment and
Computer readable storage medium realizes the controllability behaviour in nonlinear optics nano-antenna scattering direction during temporal evolution
Make.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides following technical scheme：
On the one hand the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, including：
Additional default direction of an electric field and the plane electromagnetic wave of electric field magnitude calculate to dimer nano-antenna and constitute described two
The Nonlinear System of Equations of two intergranular electric dipole moments of aggressiveness nano-antenna, the Nonlinear System of Equations describe the dimer
The dynamics scattering properties of nano-antenna；
According to the Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering intensity of the dimer nano-antenna is calculated；
Pass through the default geometric parameter for adjusting the dimer nano-antenna and non-linear graphene conductivity parameters so that
Bistable state is presented under the predeterminated frequency of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dipole scattering of the dimer nano-antenna；
According to the dipole scattering intensity, the plane electromagnetic wave being applied in the dimer nano-antenna is adjusted
Electric field magnitude, so that the scattering states of the dimer nano-antenna are cut between scattering states and second direction scattering states in a first direction
It changes；
Wherein, the dimer nano-antenna wraps up the second dielectric material by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene
Expect that particle is constituted.
Optionally, second Jie that the dimer nano-antenna is wrapped up by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene
Electric material is constituted：
The dimer nano-antenna is made of single silicon ball particle and non-linear graphene package zinc selenide ball particle.
Optionally, the first direction scattering states scatter for omnidirectional, and the second direction scattering states are backscattering.
Optionally, the adjusting is applied to the electric field magnitude of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna,
So that switching includes the scattering states of the dimer nano-antenna between scattering states and second direction scattering states in a first direction：
The ratio for defining forward scattering and backscattering is：
Wherein, l=0dB scatters for omnidirectional；For backscattering；For forward scattering；
The electric field magnitude for being applied to the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna is adjusted, so that the dimerization
Body nano-antenna omnidirectional scatter between backscattering or omnidirectional's scattering and forward scattering between or forward scattering and backwards
It is switched between scattering.
Optionally, the adjusting is applied to the electric field magnitude packet of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna
It includes：
The electric field of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna is applied to by exporting gaussian signal adjusting
Amplitude.
Optionally, the Nonlinear System of Equations is：
Wherein,
In formula, p1,2For the galvanic couple of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution
Polar moment；P1,2For the particle for going dimension of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution
Electric dipole moment；d0For the centre distance of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle；ω0For resonance frequency
Rate；σ3(ω0) be non-linear graphene under resonant frequency third-order non-linear conductance rate coefficient；Ω interacts for galvanic couple grade
And the offset term of the resonant frequency generated；γ is that the non-linear graphene wraps up the second dielectric material particle in scattering process
Dissipative term；α1For the polarizability of the first dielectric material particle；a1For Mie scattering coefficient, ε2For the second dielectric material particle
Dielectric constant；εhFor the dielectric constant of background material；ε0For the dielectric constant in vacuum；R2It is the half of the second dielectric material particle
Diameter；For planck constant；E is electronics；μcFor the chemical potential of the non-linear graphene；τ is the photoelectron relaxation time；νFFor
The Fermi velocity of electronics；Δ ω is the normalization difference of actual frequency and resonant frequency；ω is the frequency of the plane electromagnetic wave；
K is the wave vector of the plane electromagnetic wave；C is the spread speed of light in a vacuum；T is the time；Ez exFor the plane electromagnetic wave
Electric field magnitude.
Optionally, the dipole scattering intensity of the dimer nano-antenna is：
In formula, the azimuth and polar angle of φ and θ for spherical coordinates；Δ Ψ is the phase difference of two electric dipoles.
On the other hand the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of control device of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, packet
It includes：
First computing module, the plane electromagnetic wave for additional default direction of an electric field and electric field magnitude is to dimer nanometer day
Line calculates the Nonlinear System of Equations for the two intergranular electric dipole moments for constituting the dimer nano-antenna, the non-linear side
Journey group describes the dynamics scattering properties of the dimer nano-antenna；The dimer nano-antenna is by the first dielectric material
Grain and non-linear graphene wrap up the second dielectric material particle and constitute；
Second computing module, for according to the Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole for calculating the dimer nano-antenna to dissipate
Penetrate intensity；
Parameter adjustment module, for passing through the default geometric parameter for adjusting the dimer nano-antenna and non-linear graphite
Alkene conductivity parameters so that the dipole scattering of the dimer nano-antenna is presented under the predeterminated frequency of the plane electromagnetic wave
Bistable state；
Scattering states handover module, for according to the dipole scattering intensity, adjusting to be applied to the dimer nano-antenna
On the plane electromagnetic wave electric field magnitude so that the scattering states of the dimer nano-antenna in a first direction scattering states and
Switch between second direction scattering states.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of controlling equipment of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, including processing
Device realizes the non-linear nanometer day as described in preceding any one when the processor is for executing the computer program stored in memory
Line scatters the step of control method of directionality.
The embodiment of the present invention finally additionally provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium
On be stored with computer program, when the computer program is executed by processor realize as described in preceding any one non-linear nanometer day
Line scatters the step of control method of directionality.
An embodiment of the present invention provides the control method that a kind of non-linear nano-antenna scatters directionality, additional default electric fields
Direction and electric field magnitude plane electromagnetic wave wrap up the second dielectric material to by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene
The dimer nano-antenna that grain is constituted calculates the non-thread of the electric dipole moment of the dynamics scattering properties of description dimer nano-antenna
Property equation group.According to Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering intensity of dimer nano-antenna is calculated；By adjusting dimer nanometer
The default geometric parameter of antenna and non-linear graphene conductivity parameters so that the dipole scattering of dimer nano-antenna is in plane
Bistable state is presented under the predeterminated frequency of electromagnetic wave；According to dipole scattering intensity, adjusts and be applied to putting down in dimer nano-antenna
The electric field magnitude of face electromagnetic wave realizes scattering states scattering states and the second direction scattering states in a first direction of dimer nano-antenna
Between switch.
The advantages of technical solution provided by the present application, is, based on quasi-static theoretical and dispersion relation theoretical method, passes through
The dynamics for the dimer nano-antenna that the second dielectric material is constituted is wrapped up in research by the first dielectric material and non-linear graphene
Scattering properties realizes the adjustability in dimer nano-antenna scattering direction, non-linear graphene packet during temporal evolution
The structure for wrapping up in dielectric material has higher adjustability, to enhance the operability of dimer nano-antenna；In addition, realizing
Dimer nano-antenna scatters the controllable non-linear behavior for considering non-linear graphene conductivity in the process in direction, more
Scientific and reasonability, in nano-device signal detection, information transmission etc. all has very important application value.
In addition, the control method that the embodiment of the present invention scatters directionality also directed to non-linear nano-antenna provides accordingly
Realization device, equipment and computer readable storage medium, further such that the method has more practicability, described device has
Corresponding advantage.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to embodiment or existing for the clearer technical solution for illustrating the embodiment of the present invention or the prior art
Attached drawing is briefly described needed in technology description, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this hair
Some bright embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the flow for the control method that a kind of non-linear nano-antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention scatters directionality is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the model schematic of illustrative example provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that two particle of dimer nano-antenna goes the dimension electric dipole moment with entering in Fig. 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The function schematic diagram of sound frequencies is penetrated, curve 1 goes dimension electric dipole moment with the function of plane of incidence wave frequency rate for silicon particle
Schematic diagram, curve 2 go dimension electric dipole moment to show with the function of plane of incidence wave frequency rate for non-linear graphene package zinc selenide
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is the forward scattering of two particle of dimer nano-antenna and backscattering in Fig. 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention
For ratio with the functional arrangement of plane of incidence wave frequency rate, illustration is the Far Field Scattering figure of the nano-antenna under mark frequency；
Fig. 5 is that dimer nano-antenna is outside one kind in Fig. 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention plus gaussian signal ventrocephalad dissipates
The Evolvement figure at any time with backscattering ratio is penetrated, curve 3 is the relational graph of electric field strength Temporal Evolution, curve
4 be the relational graph of the nano-antenna forward scattering and backscattering ratio Temporal Evolution；
Fig. 6 is that dimer nano-antenna adds gaussian signal ventrocephalad outside another kind in Fig. 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Scattering and the Evolvement figure of backscattering ratio at any time, curve 5 is the relational graph of electric field strength Temporal Evolution, bent
Line 6 is the relational graph of the nano-antenna forward scattering and backscattering ratio Temporal Evolution；
Fig. 7 is a kind of specific reality for the control device that non-linear nano-antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention scatters directionality
Apply the structure diagram of mode.
Specific implementation mode
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Lower obtained every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Term " first ", " second ", " third " " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned attached drawing
Four " etc. be for distinguishing different objects, rather than for describing specific sequence.In addition term " comprising " and " having " and
Their any deformations, it is intended that cover and non-exclusive include.Such as contain the process of series of steps or unit, method,
The step of system, product or equipment are not limited to list or unit, but the step of may include not listing or unit.
After describing the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the various non-limiting realities of detailed description below the application
Apply mode.
Referring first to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the manipulation that a kind of non-linear nano-antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention scatters directionality
The flow diagram of method, the method for the path drawing animation based on three-dimensional map engine, the embodiment of the present invention may include following
Content：
S101：Additional default direction of an electric field and the plane electromagnetic wave of electric field magnitude are calculated and are constituted to dimer nano-antenna
The Nonlinear System of Equations of two intergranular electric dipole moments of dimer nano-antenna.
S102：According to Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering intensity of dimer nano-antenna is calculated.
S103：By the default geometric parameter for adjusting dimer nano-antenna and non-linear graphene conductivity parameters, make
Bistable state is presented under the predeterminated frequency of plane electromagnetic wave in the dipole scattering for obtaining dimer nano-antenna.
S104：According to dipole scattering intensity, the electric field width for being applied to the plane electromagnetic wave in dimer nano-antenna is adjusted
Value, so that the scattering states of dimer nano-antenna switch between scattering states and second direction scattering states in a first direction.
Plane electromagnetic wave is to the extra electric field of dimer nano-antenna, and electric field can be parallel with Z axis, prolongs Y-axis propagation, electric field
Amplitude is
Dimer nano-antenna is to be formed by the aggregation of particles of two kinds of differing dielectric constants, one of which dielectric constant particle
It is wrapped up by non-linear graphene, i.e., dimer nano-antenna can be by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene package second
Dielectric material particle is constituted.
In a kind of specific embodiment, dimer nano-antenna can be wrapped up by single silicon ball particle and non-linear graphene
Zinc selenide ball particle is constituted.Certainly or the particle of other dielectric constants, the application do not do this any restriction.
The electric dipole moment that dimer nano-antenna Temporal Evolution can be derived based on dispersion relation theory, due to non-linear
The thickness of graphene with it is monatomic quite, the far smaller than radius of dielectric constant particle can theoretically see non-linear graphene
For Two Dimensional Uniform conductive layer, conductivity σg=σ0+σ3|Ein|2, wherein linearly conductivity isThird-order non-linear conductance rate coefficient isω is additional
The frequency of electric field (plane electromagnetic wave),For planck constant, e is electronics, μcFor the chemical potential of non-linear graphene, τ is photoelectricity
Sub- relaxation time, νFFor the Fermi velocity of electronics, EinFor the electric field of non-linear graphene layer.
The expression formula of the Dipole moment of two particles of the dimer nano-antenna based on Fourier's variation is as follows：
In formula, p1,zFor the electric dipole moment of the first dielectric material particle, p2,zThe second dielectric material is wrapped up for non-linear graphene
The Dipole moment of material；E2,1The eelctric dipole electric field of second dielectric material pair the first dielectric material particle is wrapped up for non-linear graphene
Interaction；E1,2The eelctric dipole electric field that the second dielectric material is wrapped up non-linear graphene for the first dielectric material particle is mutual
Effect；d0For the centre distance of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle；α1For the pole of the first dielectric material particle
Rate；α2The polarizability of the second dielectric material particle is wrapped up for non-linear graphene；K is the wave vector of plane electromagnetic wave,
When the first dielectric material is silicon ball particle, α1=3ia1/(2k3), a1For eelctric dipole Mie scattering coefficient, a1With ginseng
Number ε1And R1It is related；ε1For the dielectric constant of the first dielectric material particle, R1For the radius of the first dielectric material particle, (for example,
When the first dielectric constant particle is silicon particle, ε1For the dielectric constant of silicon particle, R1For the radius of silicon particle), k is plane electricity
The wave vector of magnetic wave.
When the second dielectric constant is zinc selenide, the polarizability of non-linear graphene package zinc selenide particle is：
Wherein, εZnSeThe dielectric constant of zinc selenide particle is wrapped up (when the second dielectric material is not selenium for non-linear graphene
When changing zinc, ε2For the dielectric constant of the second dielectric material particle)；εhFor the dielectric constant of background material；ε0For the dielectric in vacuum
Constant；RZnSeFor non-linear graphene wrap up zinc selenide particle radius (when the second dielectric material is not zinc selenide, R2It is
The radius of two dielectric material particles).
Constituting the interaction of the eelctric dipole between two particles of dimer is：
In formula, subscript m and n indicate that the galvanic couple grade between m-th of particle and n-th of particle interacts,It indicates from m
A granular center is directed toward the direction unit vector of n-th of granular center.
Under Terahertz frequency, the nonlinear terms of non-linear graphene surface conductivity are very weak, are much smaller than linear segment,
That is σ3|Ein|2＜ ＜ σ0, can incite somebody to actionNon-linear graphene wrap up zinc selenide particle surface etc. near resonant frequency into
Row decomposes, i.e.,：
Wherein, resonant frequency is
Pass through electric dipole moment P2By ball internal electric field EinIt shows, equation (2) can be substituted into equation (1), can found out
About the non-Nonlinear System of Equations of dimer ball particle Dipole moment, Nonlinear System of Equations describes the power of dimer nano-antenna
Scattering properties is learned, concretely：
Wherein,
In formula, p1,2For the electric dipole moment of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution；P1,2
For the particle electric dipole moment for going dimension of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution；d0It is first
The centre distance of dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle；ω0For resonant frequency；σ3(ω0) it is non-under resonant frequency
The third-order non-linear conductance rate coefficient of linear graphene；The offset term for the resonant frequency that Ω generates for the interaction of galvanic couple grade；
γ is that non-linear graphene wraps up dissipative term of the second dielectric material particle in scattering process；α1For the first dielectric material particle
Polarizability；a1For Mie scattering coefficient, ε2For the dielectric constant of the second dielectric material particle；εhIt is normal for the dielectric of background material
Number；ε0For the dielectric constant in vacuum；R2For the radius of the second dielectric material particle；For planck constant；E is electronics；μcFor
The chemical potential of non-linear graphene；τ is the photoelectron relaxation time；νFFor the Fermi velocity of electronics；Δ ω is for actual frequency and altogether
The normalization difference of vibration frequency；ω is the frequency of plane electromagnetic wave；K is the wave vector of plane electromagnetic wave；C is the biography of light in a vacuum
Broadcast speed；T is the time；Ez exFor the electric field magnitude of plane electromagnetic wave.
Wherein, p1,2With P1,2Only differ a constant, p1,2Indicate p1And p2, p1It is drilled at any time for the first dielectric material particle
The electric dipole moment of change；p2For the electric dipole moment of the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution；P1,2Indicate P1And P2, P1It is
The electric dipole moment for going dimension of one dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution；P2For going for the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution
The electric dipole moment of dimension；It includes thermal losses that non-linear graphene, which wraps up dissipative term of the second dielectric material particle in scattering process,
And radiation loss.
In formula (3), when removing evolution item at any time, formula (3) is：
At this point, formula (4) then describe be dimer nano-antenna static scattering properties.E0For the static state of extra electric field
Amplitude.
By formula (3) it is found that the frequency when extra electric field meets：
When, constitute the electricity of two ball particles of dimer nano-antenna
Dipole moment p1And p2There are three solutions, wherein upper and lower two branch into steady state solution, intermediate one branches into Non-stable Solution.So as long as
Frequency is fixed on resonant frequency ω0Near, under the excitation of extra electric field, the electric dipole moment of ball particle just will appear bistable
State.
In order to realize that the scattering of dimer nano-antenna particle is that directionality controls, since particle size is much smaller than incidence wave
It is long, using quasistatic approximation, only consider that the dipole scattering of dimer nano-antenna, the dimer being made of dimer particle are received
Rice antenna dipole scattering intensity be：
In formula, the azimuth and polar angle of φ and θ for spherical coordinates；Δ Ψ is the phase difference of two electric dipoles.In formula (5)
It can be seen that the scattering of nano-antenna also will appear bistable state.
In a kind of specific embodiment, when dimer nano-antenna is wrapped up by single silicon ball particle and non-linear graphene
Zinc selenide ball particle is constituted, and the first direction scattering states of dimer nano-antenna scatter for omnidirectional, and second direction scattering states are the back of the body
To scattering.
The ratio for defining forward scattering and backscattering is：
Pass through the adjusting to the dimer nano-antenna geometric parameter and non-linear graphene conductivity parameters so that at certain
Under one fixed frequency, there are two differentiable stable states by l, specifically, dimer nano-antenna can be detected by detector
Scattered signal obtains the scattering states of dimer nano-antenna.For example, l=0dB scatters for omnidirectional；For backwards to scattered
It penetrates；For forward scattering.
, it can be achieved that omnidirectional's scattering (l=0dB) and backscattering in a kind of specific embodimentBetween into
Row switching or omnidirectional's scattering (l=0) and forward scatteringBetween switch over or forward scatteringBackwards
ScatteringBetween switch over.
The electric field magnitude for being applied to the plane electromagnetic wave in dimer nano-antenna is adjusted, so that dimer nano-antenna exists
Omnidirectional scatter and backscattering between switch over or omnidirectional scattering forward scattering between switch over or forward scattering and
It is switched between backscattering.In a kind of specific embodiment, dimerization can be applied to by exporting gaussian signal adjusting
The electric field magnitude of plane electromagnetic wave in body nano-antenna is realized complete it is possible thereby to control the scattering states of dimer nano-antenna
To the arbitrary conversion of scattering and backscattering.
Based on existing theoretical and technology, the application dissipates the dynamics for the nano-antenna that non-linear grapheme material forms
It penetrates property to be studied, on the one hand, metal antenna, which may be implemented, in the combination of non-linear graphene and dielectric materials is had
Scattering directionality, on the other hand, non-linear grapheme material have stronger adjustability, the nano-antenna of this novel structure
Will necessarily have more preferably scattering properties and application value.
In technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, based on quasi-static theoretical and dispersion relation theoretical method, pass through
The dynamics for the dimer nano-antenna that the second dielectric material is constituted is wrapped up in research by the first dielectric material and non-linear graphene
Scattering properties realizes the adjustability in dimer nano-antenna scattering direction, non-linear graphene packet during temporal evolution
The structure for wrapping up in dielectric material has higher adjustability, to enhance the operability of dimer nano-antenna；In addition, realizing
Dimer nano-antenna scatters the controllable non-linear behavior for considering non-linear graphene conductivity in the process in direction, more
Scientific and reasonability, in nano-device signal detection, information transmission etc. all has very important application value.
In order to make those skilled in the art that the principle of technical solution provided by the present application be more clearly understood, the application also carries
A specific example has been supplied, has been please referred to shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 6, in Fig. 2, EPFor the amplitude direction of additional plane electromagnetic wave；kPIt is outer
The direction of propagation for adding plane electromagnetic wave, specifically may include：
The dimer nano-antenna that the embodiment of the present invention is chosen wraps up zinc selenide by single silicon ball particle and non-linear graphene
Ball particle is constituted.Wherein, silicon particle radius is RSi=170nm, permittivity εSi=11.7, non-linear graphene wraps up selenizing
Zinc ball particle radius is RZnSe=84nm, permittivity εZnSe=5.76, it is theoretical based on dipole approximation, then it needs to meet two particle tables
The distance between face：S=d-RZnSe-RSi, s ＞ min { RZnSe；RSi, therefore two intergranular centre-to-centre spacing can be d0=500nm.Choosing
Take μc=1eV, τ=0.15ps, when whole system is positioned in air, the dielectric constant of background media is εh=1.
Fig. 3-4 is please referred to, the static scattering nature of dimer nano-antenna is first analyzed.It is additional a branch of to the dimer system
Single color plane wave, electric field strength 17WM/cm2.It is calculated separately out from 100THz to 300THz using mathematica softwares
The electric dipole moment of two particles in range obtains the forward scattering of the nano-antenna using the electric dipole moment of two particles according to (5) formula
Than the ratio of backscattering.Due to the introducing of non-linear graphene nonlinear conductivity, in certain frequency ranges, electric dipole moment
And front and back scattering ratio will appear three values, wherein branch into stable state up and down, and intermediate branch into unstable state, i.e. bistable.
As shown in Figure 4, it can find under an optimal frequency (ω=182THz), two of omnidirectional and backscattering ratio
Stable state respectively reaches 0dB and -40dB, it means that under the plane wave illumination of same frequency, it is understood that there may be two kinds of scattering states, i.e.,
Omnidirectional scatters and backscattering, and Far Field Scattering figure is referring to illustration.
In the Dynamic Evolution for considering the system, attached drawing 5- Fig. 6 is referred to, the optimal frequency obtained according to the above process
Rate is 182THz, electric field strength 17WM/cm to dimer nano-antenna system impressed frequency2Single color plane wave, the signal
It is generated by laser, intensity is gradually increased by 0 as 17WM/cm2(referring to curve 3 and curve 5 in Fig. 5-Fig. 6).In t=
It, can additional a branch of gaussian signal near 2.48ps so that electric field strength generates rapidly a transition and returns original value, at this point,
The scattering ratio of the nano-antenna is -40dB by the rapid saltus steps of original 0dB, i.e., scattering states are changed by omnidirectional's scattering backwards to scattered
It penetrates.Near t=7.44ps, second of additional a branch of gaussian signal, then electric field strength is made to generate a transition rapidly and return again
To original value, at this point, the scattering ratio of the nano-antenna is then original value 0dB by the rapid saltus steps of -40dB, i.e., scattering states are by backwards
Scattering is changed into omnidirectional's scattering.Therefore, by the gaussian signal of additional obstructed amplitude and phase, the nano-antenna can be controlled
Omnidirectional scatters the arbitrary transformation between backscattering.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the time of the realization scattering direction transformation of nano-antenna is about 1.35ps, the response time is very short；
Electric field strength needed for the embodiment of the present invention is 17WM/cm2, this power, then may be to metal for metal material
Particle surface causes to burn, and non-linear graphene package dielectric material can be used to be realized to its side of scattering instead of metallic particles
To control, avoid external cause power-up field intensity it is excessively high and caused by nano-antenna damage, non-linear grapheme material maximum can
Support 100WM/cm2Electric field strength；The structure of non-linear graphene package dielectric material has higher adjustability, no
Only wave-length coverage needed for practical application can be controlled by adjusting its geometric parameter and changing dielectric material, can also led to
The conductivity parameters for overregulating non-linear graphene, such as chemical potential and relaxation time.
The control method that the embodiment of the present invention scatters directionality also directed to non-linear nano-antenna provides corresponding realization
Device, further such that the method has more practicability.Non-linear nano-antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention is dissipated below
The control device for penetrating directionality is introduced, the control device of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality described below with above
The control method of the non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality of description can correspond reference.
Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is that non-linear nano-antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention scatters the control device of directionality one
Structure chart under kind specific implementation mode, the device may include：
First computing module 701, plane electromagnetic wave to the dimer for additional default direction of an electric field and electric field magnitude are received
Rice antenna, calculates the Nonlinear System of Equations for the two intergranular electric dipole moments for constituting dimer nano-antenna, Nonlinear System of Equations
The dynamics scattering properties of dimer nano-antenna is described；Dimer nano-antenna is by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear stone
Black alkene wraps up the second dielectric material particle and constitutes.
Second computing module 702, for according to Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering for calculating dimer nano-antenna to be strong
Degree.
Parameter adjustment module 703, for passing through the default geometric parameter for adjusting dimer nano-antenna and non-linear graphite
Alkene conductivity parameters so that bistable state is presented under the predeterminated frequency of plane electromagnetic wave in the dipole scattering of dimer nano-antenna.
Scattering states handover module 704, for according to dipole scattering intensity, adjusting and being applied to putting down in dimer nano-antenna
The electric field magnitude of face electromagnetic wave, so that the scattering states of dimer nano-antenna scattering states and second direction scattering states in a first direction
Between switch.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present embodiment, the scattering states handover module 704 can be high by exporting
This Signal Regulation is applied to the module of the electric field magnitude of the plane electromagnetic wave in dimer nano-antenna.
The function of each function module of the control device of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality described in the embodiment of the present invention
It can be implemented according to the method in above method embodiment, specific implementation process is referred to the phase of above method embodiment
Description is closed, details are not described herein again.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the embodiment of the present invention is based on quasi-static theoretical and dispersion relation theoretical method, by studying by first
Dielectric material and non-linear graphene wrap up the dynamics scattering properties for the dimer nano-antenna that the second dielectric material is constituted,
The adjustability in dimer nano-antenna scattering direction is realized during temporal evolution, non-linear graphene package dielectric material
Structure has higher adjustability, to enhance the operability of dimer nano-antenna；In addition, realizing dimer nanometer day
The controllable non-linear behavior for considering non-linear graphene conductivity in the process in line scattering direction, it is more scientific and reasonable
Property, in nano-device signal detection, information transmission etc. all has very important application value.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of controlling equipment of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, can specifically wrap
It includes：
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor, for executing computer program to realize that non-linear nano-antenna described in any one embodiment as above scatters
The step of control method of directionality.
The function of each function module of the controlling equipment of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality described in the embodiment of the present invention
The control method that directionality can be scattered according to non-linear nano-antenna in above method embodiment implements, and implements
Journey is referred to the associated description of above method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the embodiment of the present invention realizes the adjustable of dimer nano-antenna scattering direction during temporal evolution
Property, the structure of non-linear graphene package dielectric material has higher adjustability, to enhance dimer nano-antenna can
Operability；The controllable of direction, which is scattered, in realization dimer nano-antenna considers the non-of non-linear graphene conductivity in the process
Linear behavior, more scientific and reasonability, in nano-device signal detection, information transmission etc. all has very important
Application value.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored with non-linear nano-antenna scattering side
The manipulative procedure of the manipulative procedure of tropism, the non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality is as above any one when being executed by processor
Described in embodiment the step of the control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality.
The function of each function module of computer readable storage medium described in the embodiment of the present invention can be according to above method reality
The control method specific implementation of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality in example is applied, specific implementation process is referred to above-mentioned side
The associated description of method embodiment, details are not described herein again.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the embodiment of the present invention realizes the adjustable of dimer nano-antenna scattering direction during temporal evolution
Property, the structure of non-linear graphene package dielectric material has higher adjustability, to enhance dimer nano-antenna can
Operability；The controllable of direction, which is scattered, in realization dimer nano-antenna considers the non-of non-linear graphene conductivity in the process
Linear behavior, more scientific and reasonability, in nano-device signal detection, information transmission etc. all has very important
Application value.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with it is other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for same or similar part between each embodiment.For being filled disclosed in embodiment
For setting, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so description is fairly simple, related place is referring to method part
Explanation.
Professional further appreciates that, unit described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
And algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly demonstrate hardware and
The interchangeability of software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.These
Function is implemented in hardware or software actually, depends on the specific application and design constraint of technical solution.Profession
Technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not answered
Think beyond the scope of this invention.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can directly be held with hardware, processor
The combination of capable software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only deposit
Reservoir (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technology
In any other form of storage medium well known in field.
The control method, device, equipment of directionality are scattered to a kind of non-linear nano-antenna provided by the present invention above
And computer readable storage medium is described in detail.Specific case used herein is to the principle of the present invention and embodiment party
Formula is expounded, and the explanation of above example is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method and its core concept of the invention.It should refer to
Go out, it for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can also be to the present invention
Some improvement and modification can also be carried out, these improvement and modification are also fallen within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, which is characterized in that including：
Additional default direction of an electric field and the plane electromagnetic wave of electric field magnitude calculate to dimer nano-antenna and constitute the dimer
The Nonlinear System of Equations of the electric dipole moment of two particle Temporal Evolutions of nano-antenna, described in the non-Nonlinear System of Equations description
The dynamics scattering properties of dimer nano-antenna；
According to the Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering intensity of the dimer nano-antenna is calculated；
Pass through the default geometric parameter for adjusting the dimer nano-antenna and non-linear graphene conductivity parameters so that described
Bistable state is presented under the predeterminated frequency of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dipole scattering of dimer nano-antenna；
According to the dipole scattering intensity, the electric field for being applied to the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna is adjusted
Amplitude, so that the scattering states of the dimer nano-antenna switch between scattering states and second direction scattering states in a first direction；
Wherein, the dimer nano-antenna wraps up the second dielectric material by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene
Grain is constituted.
2. the control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two
The second dielectric material that aggressiveness nano-antenna is wrapped up by the first dielectric material particle and non-linear graphene constitute including：
The dimer nano-antenna is made of single silicon ball particle and non-linear graphene package zinc selenide ball particle.
3. the control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described the
One direction scattering states scatter for omnidirectional, and the second direction scattering states are backscattering.
4. the control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the tune
Section is applied to the electric field magnitude of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna, so that the dimer nano-antenna
Scattering states in a first direction between scattering states and second direction scattering states switching include：
The ratio for defining forward scattering and backscattering is：
Wherein, l=0dB scatters for omnidirectional；For backscattering；For forward scattering；
The electric field magnitude for being applied to the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna is adjusted, so that the dimer is received
Rice antenna omnidirectional scatter between backscattering or omnidirectional's scattering and forward scattering between or forward scattering and backscattering
Between switch over.
5. the control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the tune
Saving the electric field magnitude of the plane electromagnetic wave being applied in the dimer nano-antenna includes：
The electric field magnitude of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dimer nano-antenna is applied to by exporting gaussian signal adjusting.
6. the control method of the non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality according to claim 1 to 5 any one, feature
It is, the Nonlinear System of Equations is：
Wherein,
In formula, p1,2For the electric dipole moment of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution；
P1,2For the particle eelctric dipole for going dimension of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle Temporal Evolution
Square；d0For the centre distance of the first dielectric material particle and the second dielectric material particle；ω0For resonant frequency；σ3
(ω0) be non-linear graphene under resonant frequency third-order non-linear conductance rate coefficient；Ω produces for the interaction of galvanic couple grade
The offset term of raw resonant frequency；γ is that the non-linear graphene wraps up consumption of the second dielectric material particle in scattering process
Dissipate item；α1For the polarizability of the first dielectric material particle；a1For Mie scattering coefficient, ε2For the dielectric of the second dielectric material particle
Constant；εhFor the dielectric constant of background material；ε0For the dielectric constant in vacuum；R2For the radius of the second dielectric material particle；
For planck constant；E is electronics；μcFor the chemical potential of the non-linear graphene；τ is the photoelectron relaxation time；νFFor electronics
Fermi velocity；Δ ω is the normalization difference of actual frequency and resonant frequency；ω is the frequency of the plane electromagnetic wave；K is institute
State the wave vector of plane electromagnetic wave；C is the spread speed of light in a vacuum；T is the time；Ez exFor the electric field of the plane electromagnetic wave
Amplitude.
7. the control method of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described two
The dipole scattering intensity of aggressiveness nano-antenna is：
In formula, the azimuth and polar angle of φ and θ for spherical coordinates；Δ Ψ is the phase difference of two electric dipoles.
8. a kind of control device of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, which is characterized in that including：
First computing module, the plane electromagnetic wave for additional default direction of an electric field and electric field magnitude to dimer nano-antenna,
Calculate the Nonlinear System of Equations for the two intergranular electric dipole moments for constituting the dimer nano-antenna, the Nonlinear System of Equations
The dynamics scattering properties of the dimer nano-antenna is described；The dimer nano-antenna by the first dielectric material particle and
Non-linear graphene wraps up the second dielectric material particle and constitutes；
Second computing module, for according to the Nonlinear System of Equations, the dipole scattering for calculating the dimer nano-antenna to be strong
Degree；
Parameter adjustment module, for the default geometric parameter and non-linear graphene electricity by adjusting the dimer nano-antenna
Conductance parameter so that bistable is presented under the predeterminated frequency of the plane electromagnetic wave in the dipole scattering of the dimer nano-antenna
State；
Scattering states handover module, for according to the dipole scattering intensity, adjusting to be applied in the dimer nano-antenna
The electric field magnitude of the plane electromagnetic wave, so that the scattering states of dimer nano-antenna scattering states and second in a first direction
Switch between the scattering states of direction.
9. a kind of control method equipment of non-linear nano-antenna scattering directionality, which is characterized in that including processor, the place
The non-linear nanometer as described in any one of claim 1 to 7 is realized when reason device is for executing the computer program stored in memory
The step of control method of antenna scattering directionality.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that be stored with computer on the computer readable storage medium
Program realizes that non-linear nano-antenna dissipates as described in any one of claim 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed by processor
The step of penetrating the control method of directionality.
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