CN108344983A - A kind of passive radar direction-finding method and system - Google Patents
A kind of passive radar direction-finding method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108344983A CN108344983A CN201810135283.9A CN201810135283A CN108344983A CN 108344983 A CN108344983 A CN 108344983A CN 201810135283 A CN201810135283 A CN 201810135283A CN 108344983 A CN108344983 A CN 108344983A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of passive radar direction-finding method and system.The direction-finding method includes：Lopcus function of the receiver around rotation center rotating is obtained, the receiver is elliptical orbit around the track of rotation center rotating；The oblique distance course function of object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function, the oblique distance course function is the course function that external sort algorithm signal reaches that receiver passes through by the object to be measured；Echo-signal is determined according to the oblique distance course；Build the signal identification matrix of object to be measured identification region；The azimuth of object to be measured is obtained according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix.Direction-finding method using the present invention and system can carry out fine direction finding to target area, put forward high-resolution precision；Floor space is greatly reduced, cloth station is more convenient；Reduce required data space so that operation is further efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of radar, more particularly to a kind of passive radar direction-finding method and system.
Background technology
Direction-finding method traditional at present is mainly real aperture radar or array antenna direction finding, azimuth resolution are
0.89 λ/D, wherein λ are signal wavelength, and D is radar aperture or array antenna length.Traditional direction finding radar is needed using big
Aperture antenna or long array antenna, manufacturing cost and use cost are higher.In addition, since traditional direction finding radar will actively emit electricity
Magnetic wave can be attacked in Military Application by enemy's antiradiation missile, and survival ability is not strong.
Occurs a kind of novel radar direction finding system in the recent period, which uses civilian external sort algorithm, and receiver is around its turn
Uniform circular motion is done at dynamic center, and the azimuth resolution of system is 0.36 λ/r, and wherein r is the receiver radius of gyration.The direction finding system
The structure of system is simple, and system resolution is preferable.But since the receiver in the direction-finding system does uniform circular motion, cause
The system occupied area is larger, so Method in Positioning of Radar is more difficult.In addition, the direction-finding system is to the resolution ratio on all azimuths
It is 0.36 λ/r, fine resolution can not be carried out to interested region.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of passive radar direction-finding method and systems, to reduce system occupied area, simultaneously
Fine resolution is carried out to interested region, puies forward high-resolution precision.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes：
A kind of passive radar direction-finding method, the direction-finding method include：
Lopcus function of the receiver around rotation center rotating is obtained, the receiver is ellipse around the track of rotation center rotating
Circular test；
The oblique distance course function of object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function, the oblique distance course function is external sort algorithm
Signal reaches the course function that receiver passes through by the object to be measured；
Echo-signal is determined according to the oblique distance course；
Build the signal identification matrix of object to be measured identification region；
The azimuth of object to be measured is obtained according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix.
Optionally, the oblique distance course function that object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function, specifically includes：
The oblique distance course function that object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function is R (t)=RT+R0-acosαcos(ωt)-
Bsin α sin (ω t), wherein R (t) indicate the oblique distance course of object to be measured, RTBetween object to be measured and external sort algorithm away from
From R0It is distance of the object to be measured to center of rotation, a is the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the half short of the elliptical orbit
Axis, α are object to be measured azimuth, and ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation.
Optionally, described that echo-signal is determined according to the oblique distance course, it specifically includes：
Obtain external sort algorithm signal f (t)=exp { j2 π ft }；
Determine that the initial of object to be measured returns according to the oblique distance course function of the external sort algorithm signal and the object to be measured
Wave signal is：
After primary echo signals demodulation and discrete sampling, treated echo-signal is obtained：
Wherein, f (t) is external sort algorithm signal, and g (t) is the primary echo signals of object to be measured, and g (m) is object to be measured
Echo-signal that treated, exp { j ... } are the exponential form of plural number, and f is the frequency of the external sort algorithm signal, and t expressions connect
Receipts machine receives the time of signal, and σ is the scattering strength of object to be measured, and R (t) indicates that the oblique distance course of the object to be measured, C indicate
The light velocity, λ indicate the wavelength of external sort algorithm signal, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is object to be measured to turning
The distance at dynamic center, a are the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured orientation
Angle, ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation；Δ t be systematic sampling time step, m indicate the m time sampling, M at
Total sampling number as during, m=1,2 ..., M,
Optionally, the signal identification matrix of the structure object to be measured identification region, specifically includes：
Structure object to be measured identification region signal identification matrix be：
Wherein, m=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N；Wherein Δ α is traversal step-length, traverses n times altogether.
Optionally, the azimuth that object to be measured is obtained according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix, tool
Body includes：
Determine the direction finding preconditioning matrix of object to be measured：F (m, n)=g (m) G*(m,n)；Wherein f (m, n) is the direction finding
Preconditioning matrix, g (m) are echo-signal, and G (m, n) is the signal identification matrix；
Determine the position function of object to be measured：Wherein m indicate the m time sampling, M at
Total sampling number as during, n indicate n-th traversal, traverse n times altogether；
Determine the peak value of the position function F (n) of the object to be measured；
According to the corresponding n values of the peak value of the position function F (n) of the object to be measured, determine that the azimuth of object to be measured is n
Δαrad。
A kind of passive radar direction-finding system, the direction-finding system include：
The lopcus function acquisition module of receiver rotation, the lopcus function for obtaining receiver around rotation center rotating,
The receiver is elliptical orbit around the track of rotation center rotating；
The oblique distance course function acquisition module of object to be measured, the oblique distance for obtaining object to be measured according to the lopcus function
Course function, the oblique distance course function are the course letter that external sort algorithm signal reaches that receiver passes through by the object to be measured
Number；
Echo-signal determining module, for determining echo-signal according to the oblique distance course；
Signal identification matrix builds module, the signal identification matrix for building object to be measured identification region；
The azimuth acquisition module of object to be measured, for being waited for according to the echo-signal and signal identification matrix acquisition
Survey the azimuth of target.
Optionally, the oblique distance course function acquisition module of the object to be measured obtains object to be measured according to the lopcus function
Oblique distance course function be R (t)=RT+R0- acos α cos (ω t)-bsin α sin (ω t), wherein R (t) indicate object to be measured
Oblique distance course, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is distance of the object to be measured to center of rotation, a is described
The semi-major axis of elliptical orbit, b are the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured azimuth, and ω t=θ are that elliptical orbit turns
Dynamic angle.
Optionally, the echo-signal determining module, specifically includes：
External sort algorithm signal acquiring unit, for obtaining external sort algorithm signal f (t)=exp { j2 π ft }；
Primary echo signals determination unit, for the oblique distance course according to the external sort algorithm signal and the object to be measured
Function determines that the primary echo signals of object to be measured are：
Echo-signal acquiring unit that treated obtains after to primary echo signals demodulation and discrete sampling
Echo-signal that treated：
Wherein, f (t) is external sort algorithm signal, and g (t) is the primary echo signals of object to be measured, and g (m) is object to be measured
Echo-signal that treated, exp { j ... } are the exponential form of plural number, and f is the frequency of the external sort algorithm signal, and t expressions connect
Receipts machine receives the time of signal, and σ is the scattering strength of object to be measured, and R (t) indicates that the oblique distance course of the object to be measured, C indicate
The light velocity, λ indicate the wavelength of external sort algorithm signal, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is object to be measured to turning
The distance at dynamic center, a are the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured orientation
Angle, ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation；Δ t be systematic sampling time step, m indicate the m time sampling, M at
Total sampling number as during, m=1,2 ..., M,
Optionally, the signal identification matrix of the signal identification matrix structure module construction object to be measured identification region is：
Wherein, m=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N；Wherein Δ α is traversal step-length, traverses n times altogether.
Optionally, the azimuth acquisition module of the object to be measured, specifically includes：
Direction finding preconditioning matrix determination unit, the direction finding preconditioning matrix for determining object to be measured：F (m, n)=g (m)
G*(m,n)；Wherein f (m, n) is the direction finding preconditioning matrix, and g (m) is echo-signal, and G (m, n) is the signal identification square
Battle array；
The position function determination unit of object to be measured, the position function for determining object to be measured：
Wherein m indicates that the m times sampling, M are total sampling number in imaging process, and n indicates n-th traversal, traverses n times altogether；
The peak value determination unit of object to be measured position function, the peak of the position function F (n) for determining the object to be measured
Value；
The azimuth determination unit of object to be measured is used for the peak value of the position function F (n) according to the object to be measured
Corresponding n values determine that the azimuth of object to be measured is n Δ α rad.
According to specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses following technique effects：
The present invention proposes the passive radar direction-finding method based on receiver elliptical scanning, with existing receiver circular scan
Passive radar direction finding direction is compared, and the present invention has following clear superiority：First, circular scan passive radar is to all areas mesh
It is identical to mark angular resolution, can not carry out fine direction finding to key area, and the present invention can be by allowing oval semi-minor axis
It is directed toward target area and suitably increases semimajor axis length to realize the fine direction finding to target area, put forward high-resolution precision；The
Two, circular scan radar floor space is π r2, wherein r is the receiver radius of gyration, and inventive receiver rotary motion trace is ellipse
Circle, floor space is π ab can greatly reduce floor space, so its cloth station is more convenient by adjusting b；Third, this
The step of establishing echo-signal matrix, is saved in invention in data processing, reduces required data space so that fortune
It calculates further efficient.
Description of the drawings
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of passive radar direction-finding method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of passive radar direction-finding system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the position relationship schematic diagram of receiver and object to be measured and external sort algorithm in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is each azimuthal angular resolution signal that method and system using the present invention carry out first time emulation
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the distinguishing results schematic diagram that method and system using the present invention carry out second of emulation；
Fig. 6 is the distinguishing results schematic diagram that method and system using the present invention carry out third time emulation；
Fig. 7 is the distinguishing results schematic diagram that method and system using the present invention carry out the 4th emulation；
Fig. 8 is the distinguishing results schematic diagram that method and system using the present invention carry out the 5th emulation.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of passive radar direction-finding method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the direction-finding method includes：
Step 100：Obtain lopcus function of the receiver around rotation center rotating.Receiver is around the track of rotation center rotating
It is oval using center of rotation as coordinate origin according to receiver around the semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of rotation center rotating for elliptical orbit
The semi-major axis direction of track is X-direction, and short-axis direction is that Y direction establishes rectangular coordinate system, can determine oval rail at this time
The function expression of mark, as lopcus function.
At this time, it is assumed that external sort algorithm coordinate is (xt,yt), object to be measured rectangular co-ordinate and polar coordinates are respectively (x0,y0)、
(R0, α), receiver coordinate is (xr,yr), then with the presence of lower relation of plane：
Wherein R0It is object to be measured to center of rotation
Distance, a are the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured azimuth, ω t=θ
It is the angle of elliptical orbit rotation.
Step 200：The oblique distance course function of object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function.The oblique distance course function is
External sort algorithm signal reaches the course function that receiver passes through by the object to be measured.Specifically, the oblique distance of object to be measured is gone through
Eikonal number is R (t)=RT+R0- acos α cos (ω t)-bsin α sin (ω t), wherein R (t) indicate that the oblique distance of object to be measured is gone through
Journey, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is distance of the object to be measured to center of rotation, a is the oval rail
The semi-major axis of mark, b are the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured azimuth, and ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation
Degree.The derivation of oblique distance course function is specifically described below：
Since the distance of receiver to object to be measured is much larger than distance of the receiver apart from center of rotation, it can push away
Export above formula.
Step 300：Echo-signal is determined according to the oblique distance course.
Determine that the detailed process of echo-signal is：
Obtain external sort algorithm signal f (t)=exp { j2 π ft }；External sort algorithm signal is usually civil signal, generally narrow
Therefore band signal can be indicated with above formula；
Determine that the initial of object to be measured returns according to the oblique distance course function of the external sort algorithm signal and the object to be measured
Wave signal is：
After primary echo signals demodulation and discrete sampling, treated echo-signal is obtained：
Wherein, f (t) is external sort algorithm signal, and g (t) is the primary echo signals of object to be measured, and g (m) is object to be measured
Echo-signal that treated, exp { j ... } are the exponential form of plural number, and f is the frequency of the external sort algorithm signal, and t expressions connect
Receipts machine receives the time of signal, and σ is the scattering strength of object to be measured, and R (t) indicates that the oblique distance course of the object to be measured, C indicate
The light velocity, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is distance of the object to be measured to center of rotation, a is the ellipse
The semi-major axis of track, b are the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured azimuth, and ω t=θ are elliptical orbit rotations
Angle；Δ t be systematic sampling time step, m indicate the m time sampling, M be in imaging process total sampling number, m=1,
2 ..., M,
Step 400：Build the signal identification matrix of object to be measured identification region.The letter of the object to be measured identification region of structure
Number recognition matrix is：
Wherein, m=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N；Wherein Δ α is traversal step-length, traverses n times altogether.
Step 500：The azimuth of object to be measured is obtained according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix.Specific packet
It includes：
Determine the direction finding preconditioning matrix of object to be measured：F (m, n)=g (m) G*(m,n)；Wherein f (m, n) is the direction finding
Preconditioning matrix, g (m) are echo-signal, and G (m, n) is the signal identification matrix, G*(m, n) is the conjugate matrices of G (m, n)；
At this point, direction finding preconditioning matrix is：
Determine the position function of object to be measured：Wherein m indicate the m time sampling, M at
Total sampling number as during, n indicate n-th traversal, traverse n times altogether；
Determine the peak value of the position function F (n) of the object to be measured；
According to the corresponding n values of the peak value of the position function F (n) of the object to be measured, determine that the azimuth of object to be measured is n
Δαrad。
Specifically, the derivation of F (n) is：
Wherein J0() is zero Bessel function.
In 3dB wave beams, it can be approximately consideredThereforeSo having：
From the above equation, we can see that as n Δ α=α namely n=α/Δ α, there is peak value M in F (n) | σ |, can be true according to the peak value
Determine the azimuth of object to be measured.
As can be seen from the above equation, according to Bessel function property it is found that when α be 0 or π rad when, D (α)=b, then direction finding
As a result it isIts resolution ratio is 0.36 λ/b.When α is 0.5 π or 1.5 π rad, D
(α)=a, then direction finding result beIts resolution ratio is 0.36 λ/a.
It is above-mentioned analysis shows, when target is located at X-direction (α be 0 or π rad), Measure direction performance is most bad.Conversely, working as mesh
For mark when Y direction (α is 0.5 π or 1.5 π rad), Measure direction performance is optimal.Also, if increasing semimajor axis length,
Its resolution ratio of Y direction can reduce, so its resolution performance can be promoted further.Therefore the present invention has directionality, can be to Y
Target in axis direction carries out fine resolution.For radar direction finding, resolution ratio is smaller, then resolution performance is better, meaning
Being capable of fine direction finding.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of passive radar direction-finding system of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, the direction-finding system includes：
The lopcus function acquisition module 201 of receiver rotation, the track letter for obtaining receiver around rotation center rotating
Number, the receiver are elliptical orbit around the track of rotation center rotating；
The oblique distance course function acquisition module 202 of object to be measured, for obtaining object to be measured according to the lopcus function
Oblique distance course function, the oblique distance course function are that external sort algorithm signal reaches going through for receiver process by the object to be measured
Eikonal number；
Echo-signal determining module 203, for determining echo-signal according to the oblique distance course；
Signal identification matrix builds module 204, the signal identification matrix for building object to be measured identification region；
The azimuth acquisition module 205 of object to be measured, for being obtained according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix
Take the azimuth of object to be measured.
Wherein, the oblique distance course function acquisition module 202 of the object to be measured obtains mesh to be measured according to the lopcus function
Target oblique distance course function is R (t)=RT+R0- acos α cos (ω t)-bsin α sin (ω t), wherein R (t) indicate object to be measured
Oblique distance course, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is distance of the object to be measured to center of rotation, a is institute
The semi-major axis of elliptical orbit is stated, b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured azimuth, and ω t=θ are elliptical orbits
The angle of rotation.
The echo-signal determining module 203, specifically includes：
External sort algorithm signal acquiring unit, for obtaining external sort algorithm signal f (t)=exp { j2 π ft }；
Primary echo signals determination unit, for the oblique distance course according to the external sort algorithm signal and the object to be measured
Function determines that the primary echo signals of object to be measured are：
Echo-signal acquiring unit that treated obtains after to primary echo signals demodulation and discrete sampling
Echo-signal that treated：
Wherein, f (t) is external sort algorithm signal, and g (t) is the primary echo signals of object to be measured, and g (m) is object to be measured
Echo-signal that treated, exp { j ... } are the exponential form of plural number, and f is the frequency of the external sort algorithm signal, and t expressions connect
Receipts machine receives the time of signal, and σ is the scattering strength of object to be measured, and R (t) indicates that the oblique distance course of the object to be measured, C indicate
The light velocity, λ indicate the wavelength of external sort algorithm signal, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is object to be measured to turning
The distance at dynamic center, a are the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured orientation
Angle, ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation；Δ t be systematic sampling time step, m indicate the m time sampling, M at
Total sampling number as during, m=1,2 ..., M,
The signal identification matrix that signal identification matrix structure module 204 builds object to be measured identification region is：
Wherein, m=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N；Wherein Δ α is traversal step-length, traverses n times altogether.
The azimuth acquisition module 205 of the object to be measured, specifically includes：
Direction finding preconditioning matrix determination unit, the direction finding preconditioning matrix for determining object to be measured：F (m, n)=g (m)
G*(m,n)；Wherein f (m, n) is the direction finding preconditioning matrix, and g (m) is echo-signal, and G (m, n) is the signal identification square
Battle array；
The position function determination unit of object to be measured, the position function for determining object to be measured：
Wherein m indicates that the m times sampling, M are total sampling number in imaging process, and n indicates n-th traversal, traverses n times altogether；
The peak value determination unit of object to be measured position function, the peak of the position function F (n) for determining the object to be measured
Value；
The azimuth determination unit of object to be measured is used for the peak value of the position function F (n) according to the object to be measured
Corresponding n values determine that the azimuth of object to be measured is n Δ α rad.
A kind of specific implementation mode of the present invention presented below, Fig. 3 be the specific embodiment of the invention in receiver with wait for
Survey the position relationship schematic diagram of target and external sort algorithm.Specific steps are as follows：
Step 1, direction finding model is established.This direction-finding system using civilian narrowband external sort algorithm area-of-interest fix target into
The fine direction finding of row.External radiation source and target is fixed during direction finding, and receiver rounds center rotating, and track is ellipse
Circle, and area-of-interest is made to be placed on short-axis direction, it is X-axis, where short axle by origin, long axis direction of center of rotation
Direction is that Y-axis establishes coordinate system namely area-of-interest is (no matter positive, negative sense) in Y direction.
Assuming that external sort algorithm coordinate is (xt,yt), fixed target rectangular co-ordinate and polar coordinates are respectively (x0,y0)、(R0, α),
Receiver coordinate is (xr,yr), then with the presence of lower relation of plane：
Step 2, oblique distance course is determined.Oblique distance course refer to signal from external sort algorithm to target again to the propagation of receiver away from
From since external sort algorithm and target are fixed, so external sort algorithm range-to-go is constant in direction finding process, it is assumed that this distance
For RT, and the distance of target to receiver is：
Therefore oblique distance course is：
R (t)=RT+R0-acosαcos(ωt)-bsinαsin(ωt)
As can be seen that during direction finding, R in oblique distance courseT+R0It remains unchanged, therefore direction finding result is not influenced.
Step 3, the echo-signal of discretization after demodulating is determined：
Step 4, the signal identification matrix in construction target identification region.In direction finding (0,2 π rad] to the side where target
Parallactic angle is traversed, and traversal step-length is Δ α, searches for n times altogether.
M=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N.
Step 5：Seek direction finding preconditioning matrix：
Step 6：To direction finding preconditioning matrix in time dimension summation and then modulus, object to be measured is determined in its peak position
Azimuth.
The position function of object to be measured：Its
InJ0() is zero Bessel function.
The effect of present embodiment is further illustrated by following emulation experiment.
Simulated conditions
The present invention is insensitive to external sort algorithm position, and external sort algorithm coordinate is assumed to be (10000m, 15000m), receives
Machine rotates elliptical orbit, semi-minor axis b=3m, is sampled 1000 times in rotation process, the sampling step length of oval angle parameter is
0.002πrad.Without loss of generality, target scattering intensity is 1 in emulation.
Emulation content
It emulates for the first time：On the basis of above-mentioned simulated conditions, using the civilian external sort algorithm that signal frequency is 300MHz, partly
Long axis a=30m, semi-minor axis b=3m can obtain the angular resolution of target in different directions, and the results are shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4
Each azimuthal angular resolution schematic diagram of first time emulation is carried out for method and system using the present invention.From analogous diagram
As can be seen that when azimuth of target is 0.5 π rad, 1.5 π rad (namely when appearing in the forward direction or negative sense of Y-axis), differentiate
Performance is best, resolution ratio 0.012rad；When azimuth of target be π rad, 2 π rad when (namely appear in X-axis forward direction or
When person's negative sense), resolution performance is worst, resolution ratio 0.12rad.
Second of emulation：Observation area there are two fixed targets, polar coordinates be respectively (5000m, 0.5 π rad),
(7500m, π rad) uses the civilian external sort algorithm that signal frequency is 300MHz.Fig. 5 method and system using the present invention carry out
The distinguishing results schematic diagram of second of emulation.As shown in figure 5, since orientation where two targets is different, lead to its resolution performance
Also different, therefore the present invention can carry out emphasis monitoring to area-of-interest.
Third time emulates：It is that there is 4 random mesh for 0.5 π rad near zones (namely area-of-interest) at azimuth
Mark, simulation result is as shown in fig. 6, Fig. 6 method and system using the present invention carry out the distinguishing results signal of third time emulation
Figure." * " is orientation where target in Fig. 6, it can be seen that the present invention accurately can carry out direction finding to target, since target is located at sense
Interest region, resolution ratio are higher.So the present invention can demonstrate its correctness and practicability to multiple target simultaneous direction finding.
4th emulation：When external sort algorithm frequency be 100MHz when, semi-minor axis is constant, semimajor axis length be respectively 5m,
Direction finding is carried out to the target positioned at 0.5 π rad when 10m, 30m, simulation result is as shown in fig. 7, Fig. 7 methods using the present invention
And system carries out the distinguishing results schematic diagram of the 4th emulation.From figure 7 it can be seen that resolution performance can be with the growth of major semiaxis
And it is promoted.
5th emulation：Semimajor axis length is 15m, when external sort algorithm frequency is respectively 50MHz, 100MHz, 300MHz,
Direction finding is carried out to the target positioned at 0.5 π rad, simulation result is as shown in figure 8, Fig. 8 method and system using the present invention carry out
The distinguishing results schematic diagram of 5th emulation.From figure 8, it is seen that resolution performance can be with the improve of external sort algorithm signal frequency
And it is promoted.
In conclusion the present invention uses elliptical scanning, radar system occupied area can be greatlyd save, so cloth station is more
It is convenient.In addition, since area-of-interest to be placed in oval semi-minor axis direction, angular resolution can be improved, to the area
Domain emphasis monitoring.By increase semimajor axis length, using the methods of high frequency external sort algorithm signal, then can further promote its point
Distinguish performance.In data processing, the present invention saves the step of establishing echo-signal matrix, and it is empty to reduce required data storage
Between so that operation is further efficient.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.For system disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so description is fairly simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
Principle and implementation of the present invention are described for specific case used herein, and above example is said
The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of passive radar direction-finding method, which is characterized in that the direction-finding method includes：
Lopcus function of the receiver around rotation center rotating is obtained, the receiver is oval rail around the track of rotation center rotating
Mark；
The oblique distance course function of object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function, the oblique distance course function is external sort algorithm signal
The course function that receiver passes through is reached by the object to be measured；
Echo-signal is determined according to the oblique distance course；
Build the signal identification matrix of object to be measured identification region；
The azimuth of object to be measured is obtained according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix.
2. direction-finding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to obtain object to be measured according to the lopcus function
Oblique distance course function, specifically include：
The oblique distance course function that object to be measured is obtained according to the lopcus function is R (t)=RT+R0-acosαcos(ωt)-bsin
α sin (ω t), wherein R (t) indicate the oblique distance course of object to be measured, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is
Object to be measured is to the distance of center of rotation, and a is the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is
Object to be measured azimuth, ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation.
3. direction-finding method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to determine that echo is believed according to the oblique distance course
Number, it specifically includes：
Obtain external sort algorithm signal f (t)=exp { j2 π ft }；
The initial echo letter of object to be measured is determined according to the oblique distance course function of the external sort algorithm signal and the object to be measured
Number it is：
After primary echo signals demodulation and discrete sampling, treated echo-signal is obtained：
Wherein, f (t) is external sort algorithm signal, and g (t) is the primary echo signals of object to be measured, and g (m) is the processing of object to be measured
Echo-signal afterwards, exp { j ... } are the exponential form of plural number, and f is the frequency of the external sort algorithm signal, and t indicates receiver
The time of signal is received, σ is the scattering strength of object to be measured, and R (t) indicates that the oblique distance course of the object to be measured, C indicate light
Speed, λ indicate the wavelength of external sort algorithm signal, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is object to be measured to rotation
The distance at center, a are the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is object to be measured azimuth,
ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation；Δ t is the time step of systematic sampling, and m indicates that the m times sampling, M are to be imaged
Total sampling number in journey, m=1,2 ..., M,
4. direction-finding method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the signal of the structure object to be measured identification region is known
Other matrix, specifically includes：
Structure object to be measured identification region signal identification matrix be：
Wherein, m=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N；Wherein Δ α is traversal step-length, traverses n times altogether.
5. direction-finding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be known according to the echo-signal and the signal
Other matrix obtains the azimuth of object to be measured, specifically includes：
Determine the direction finding preconditioning matrix of object to be measured：F (m, n)=g (m) G*(m,n)；Wherein f (m, n) is that the direction finding is located in advance
Matrix is managed, g (m) is echo-signal, and G (m, n) is the signal identification matrix；
Determine the position function of object to be measured：Wherein m indicates that the m times sampling, M are to be imaged
Total sampling number in journey, n indicate n-th traversal, traverse n times altogether；
Determine the peak value of the position function F (n) of the object to be measured；
According to the corresponding n values of the peak value of the position function F (n) of the object to be measured, determine that the azimuth of object to be measured is n Δs α
rad。
6. a kind of passive radar direction-finding system, which is characterized in that the direction-finding system includes：
The lopcus function acquisition module of receiver rotation, the lopcus function for obtaining receiver around rotation center rotating are described
Receiver is elliptical orbit around the track of rotation center rotating；
The oblique distance course function acquisition module of object to be measured, the oblique distance course for obtaining object to be measured according to the lopcus function
Function, the oblique distance course function are the course function that external sort algorithm signal reaches that receiver passes through by the object to be measured；
Echo-signal determining module, for determining echo-signal according to the oblique distance course；
Signal identification matrix builds module, the signal identification matrix for building object to be measured identification region；
The azimuth acquisition module of object to be measured, for obtaining mesh to be measured according to the echo-signal and the signal identification matrix
Target azimuth.
7. direction-finding system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the oblique distance course function of the object to be measured obtains mould
The oblique distance course function that root tuber obtains object to be measured according to the lopcus function is R (t)=RT+R0-acosαcos(ωt)-bsinα
Sin (ω t), wherein R (t) indicate the oblique distance course of object to be measured, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is
Object to be measured is to the distance of center of rotation, and a is the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit, and b is the semi-minor axis of the elliptical orbit, and α is
Object to be measured azimuth, ω t=θ are the angles of elliptical orbit rotation.
8. direction-finding system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the echo-signal determining module specifically includes：
External sort algorithm signal acquiring unit, for obtaining external sort algorithm signal f (t)=exp { j2 π ft }；
Primary echo signals determination unit, for the oblique distance course function according to the external sort algorithm signal and the object to be measured
Determine that the primary echo signals of object to be measured are：
Echo-signal acquiring unit that treated is handled after to primary echo signals demodulation and discrete sampling
Echo-signal afterwards：
Wherein, f (t) is external sort algorithm signal, and g (t) is the primary echo signals of object to be measured, and g (m) is after object to be measured is handled
Echo-signal, exp { j ... } be plural number exponential form, f be the external sort algorithm signal frequency, t indicate receiver connect
The time of the collection of letters number, σ are the scattering strength of object to be measured, and R (t) indicates that the oblique distance course of the object to be measured, C indicate the light velocity, λ
Indicate the wavelength of external sort algorithm signal, RTFor the distance between object to be measured and external sort algorithm, R0It is object to be measured to center of rotation
Distance, a be the elliptical orbit semi-major axis, b be the elliptical orbit semi-minor axis, α be object to be measured azimuth, ω t
=θ is the angle of elliptical orbit rotation；Δ t is the time step of systematic sampling, and m indicates that the m times sampling, M are in imaging process
In total sampling number, m=1,2 ..., M,
9. direction-finding system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the signal identification matrix structure module construction is to be measured
The signal identification matrix in target identification region is：
Wherein, m=1,2 ..., M；N=1,2 ... N；Wherein Δ α is traversal step-length, traverses n times altogether.
10. direction-finding system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the azimuth acquisition module of the object to be measured, tool
Body includes：
Direction finding preconditioning matrix determination unit, the direction finding preconditioning matrix for determining object to be measured：F (m, n)=g (m) G*(m,
n)；Wherein f (m, n) is the direction finding preconditioning matrix, and g (m) is echo-signal, and G (m, n) is the signal identification matrix；
The position function determination unit of object to be measured, the position function for determining object to be measured：
Wherein m indicates that the m times sampling, M are total sampling number in imaging process, and n indicates n-th traversal, traverses n times altogether；
The peak value determination unit of object to be measured position function, the peak value of the position function F (n) for determining the object to be measured；
The azimuth determination unit of object to be measured, the peak value for the position function F (n) according to the object to be measured correspond to
N values, determine object to be measured azimuth be n Δ α rad.
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