CN108340775A - A kind of electric vehicle - Google Patents

A kind of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108340775A
CN108340775A CN201810107658.0A CN201810107658A CN108340775A CN 108340775 A CN108340775 A CN 108340775A CN 201810107658 A CN201810107658 A CN 201810107658A CN 108340775 A CN108340775 A CN 108340775A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
cam
driving gear
countershaft
main shaft
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Granted
Application number
CN201810107658.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108340775B (en
Inventor
不公告发明人
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Chen An
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Anxi Bell Patent Technology Transfer Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810107658.0A priority Critical patent/CN108340775B/en
Publication of CN108340775A publication Critical patent/CN108340775A/en
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Publication of CN108340775B publication Critical patent/CN108340775B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/065Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of electric vehicles, the electric vehicle includes three gear speed change wheels, the three gears speed change wheel includes main shaft, cam motor, cam, resetting spring, sliding slot, transmission gear, driving gear, not rounded section of countershaft, sliding part, cam stressed plate, driving gear card hole, wherein cam is mounted on cam shaft, is driven and is rotated by cam motor;Cam stressed plate slides and undulatory motion with sliding part in sliding slot, whether the transmission that the rotation of cam adjusts not rounded section of driving gear card hole and countershaft being mounted on cam stressed plate is engaged, can also be engaged with transmission gear while driving gear is engaged with countershaft;In three cam rotary courses of the invention, adjusts one and only one driving gear of three driving gear same times and engaged with the countershaft that power inputs, while being driven with nutating gear, realize the variation of the transmission ratio of three gears;It is singly that wheel can be achieved with oneself speed change, there is preferable practical function.

Description

A kind of electric vehicle
The application is application No. is 2016100552881, and the applying date is on 01 27th, 2016, and invention and created name is A kind of divisional application of the patent of " three gear speed change wheels based on cam shift ".
Technical field
The invention belongs to transmission technology field more particularly to a kind of three gear speed change wheels based on cam shift.
Background technology
Small-sized electric vehicle actuation techniques are directly to drive wheel with upper reducer using motor at present, are driven by adjusting The current regulation motor speed and torque of dynamic motor change speed in turn.Because electric vehicle starts initial required torque very Greatly, this requires motor to have very high power.Even if improving power of motor, current motor technology there is also electronic vapour Vehicle starts slow-footed situation, in order to realize that it is fast that electric vehicle starts, it is necessary to increase gearbox on electric vehicle, increase and become Fast case can greatly increase manufacturing cost to a certain extent, then how rationally to solve this in the case where not increasing gearbox Problem is very meaningful.
The present invention design it is a kind of based on cam shift gears three gear speed change wheels solve the problems, such as it is as above.
Invention content
To solve drawbacks described above in the prior art, the present invention discloses a kind of three gear speed change wheels shifted gears based on cam, It is realized using following technical scheme.
A kind of three gear speed change wheels based on cam shift, it is characterised in that:It includes wheel hub, main shaft fixation disk, countershaft Drive plate, cam motor fixed structure, tire, hub support, main shaft, sliding slot main support, cam motor, cam shaft, cam, Resetting spring, sliding slot secondary support, sliding slot, the first transmission gear, countershaft circle section, third driving gear, the second driving gear, first Drive gear, the second transmission gear, third transmission gear, main shaft sleeve, not rounded section of countershaft, sliding part, cam stressed plate, driving Gear collar bush, gear shaft ring, driving gear card hole, wherein tire are mounted on wheel hub outer edge surface, and wheel hub is mounted on wheel In hub support, and hub support is located at side in wheel hub, and hub support is mounted on main shaft one end, and main shaft is mounted on main shaft sleeve On, main shaft sleeve is mounted on main shaft and fixes on disk;First transmission gear, the second transmission gear, third transmission gear are equidistant successively On main shaft, and third transmission gear fixes disk close to main shaft;Cam shaft is mounted on cam motor, cam motor peace On cam motor fixed structure, three cams are equidistantly mounted on cam shaft successively;Sliding slot main support is mounted on cam On electric machine fixation structure, six roots of sensation sliding slot secondary support is equidistantly mounted on successively on sliding slot main support, on every sliding slot secondary support one end Sliding slot is installed, sliding slot is u-shaped slot, and two neighboring sliding slot notch is opposite, forms three groups of opposite sliding slots;Not rounded section of installation of countershaft In countershaft circle section one end, countershaft is justified section and is mounted on countershaft gearing disk.
Above-mentioned first driving gear, the second driving gear, third driving gear are equidistantly sleeved on successively on not rounded section of countershaft, and Third drives gear close to countershaft gearing disk;First driving gear, the second driving gear, the mounting means of third driving gear are complete It is exactly the same, the installation of gear is driven for third:Third driving gear centre is provided with driving gear card hole, and driving gear card hole is horizontal Section is made of straight line and semiellipse line;Gear shaft ring is mounted on third driving gear both sides, and gear shaft annulate shaft Line is conllinear with third gear shaft line, and the gear shaft ring of each side of third driving gear is mounted on gear shaft ring Set, the gear shaft ring set per side are mounted on sliding part, and two sliding parts of both sides are mounted on one group of opposite sliding slot In;Two sliding parts in the sliding slot opposite mounted on one group are fixedly mounted on jointly on the downside of a cam stressed plate, cam by Power plate is connect by two resetting springs with two sliding slot secondary supports;Third drives gear by driving gear card hole to be sleeved on countershaft On not rounded section.
The axis of wheel includes countershaft and main shaft in the present invention, and countershaft is power input shaft, and main shaft is wheel rotary shaft, countershaft Drive gear by power transmission to transmission gear by drive, transmission gear drives main axis, and then drives wheel movement. Three driving gears and three transmission gears form three groups of different transmission ratios, three cam mechanisms can select driving gear and The transmission ratio of transmission gear realizes three gear speed changing functions of wheel.One cam stressed plate, two sliding parts, two sliding tooths Collar bush is taken turns, two gear shaft rings, a driving gear are sequentially connected contact one movement combination of composition, because of sliding part Sliding with sliding slot acts on, which can be slided with single-degree-of-freedom, and sliding motion is controlled by cam.Drive gear centre Card hole cross section be made of straight line and semiellipse line, then card hole inner surface is by the curved surface group that plane and section are semiellipse line At;Not rounded section of countershaft is semi-circular section, then the not rounded section surface of countershaft is made of plane and semi-cylindrical;When flat in card hole With after the plane contact of countershaft semi-circular segments, countershaft will drive driving gear rotation, otherwise will not drive in face.Master in the present invention Axis fixes disk and needs to be fixed on electric automobile, and the weight of vehicle body is transmitted to by main shaft on wheel;The power of motor It needs to be transferred on countershaft by countershaft gearing disk.
Above three cam is contacted with three cam stressed plates respectively, and the first driving gear is engaged with the first transmission gear, Second driving gear is engaged with the second transmission gear, and third driving gear is engaged with third transmission gear.
As being further improved for this technology, the Space Angle of above three cam installation is mutually 120 degree.Such design energy Enough make the cam of work under current cam, is switched to whens waiting on an any other cam.That is, three gears Arbitrarily switch whens can wait at any time.
As being further improved for this technology, it further includes brake disc, and brake disc is mounted on main shaft, and is located at spindle shaft Set outside.Brake disc is fixed on main shaft sleeve, and friction catch is carried out to the main shaft of rotation.
As being further improved for this technology, above-mentioned first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, third transmission gear radius Size is sequentially reduced, and the first driving gear, the second driving gear, third driving gear radius size are sequentially increased.
As being further improved for this technology, it further includes resetting spring fixed block, and resetting spring one end is by resetting bullet Spring fixed block is connect with cam stressed plate, and the other end is connect by resetting spring fixed block with sliding slot secondary support.
Relative to traditional transmission technology, cam is mounted on cam shaft in the present invention, passes through cam motor band turn It is dynamic;Cam stressed plate slides and undulatory motion with sliding part in sliding slot, and the rotation of cam can adjust rising for cam stressed plate Volt movement, and then whether the transmission for adjusting not rounded section of driving gear card hole and countershaft being mounted on cam stressed plate is engaged, when Driving gear is engaged with countershaft can also engage simultaneously with transmission gear, realize the transmission of gear;Three cam rotations in the present invention In the process, it adjusts one and only one driving gear of three driving gear same times to engage with the countershaft that power inputs, simultaneously Band nutating gear is driven, and realizes the variation of the transmission ratio of three gears, drives main axis real finally by transmission gear The movement of existing wheel;It is singly that wheel can be achieved with oneself speed change, there is preferable practical function.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is speed change wheel overall structure distribution inside schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is speed change wheel overall structure distribution outside schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram on the inside of wheel contour.
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram on the outside of wheel contour.
Fig. 5 is speed change wheel speed changing structure distribution schematic diagram 1.
Fig. 6 is speed change wheel speed changing structure distribution schematic diagram 2.
Fig. 7 is speed change wheel speed changing structure side view.
Fig. 8 is cam scheme of installation.
Fig. 9 is cam established angle schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is countershaft scheme of installation.
Figure 11 is countershaft side view.
Figure 12 is sliding slot scheme of installation.
Figure 13 is driving gear scheme of installation.
Figure 14 is sliding part, gear shaft ring scheme of installation.
Figure 15 is sliding part, gear shaft ring installation side view.
Figure 16 is driving gear card hole structural schematic diagram.
Figure 17 is cam stressed plate scheme of installation.
Figure 18 is driving gear movement schematic diagram.
Figure label title:1, wheel hub, 2, main shaft fix disk, 3, countershaft gearing disk, 4, cam motor fixed structure, 5, wheel Tire, 6, hub support, 7, brake disc, 8, main shaft, 9, sliding slot main support, 10, cam motor, 11, cam shaft, 12, cam, 13, resetting spring, 14, sliding slot secondary support, 15, sliding slot, the 16, first transmission gear, 17, countershaft justify section, 18, third sliding tooth Wheel, the 19, second driving gear, the 20, first driving gear, the 21, second transmission gear, 22, third transmission gear, 23, spindle shaft Set, 24, not rounded section of countershaft, 25, sliding part, 26, cam stressed plate, 27, gear shaft ring set, 28, gear shaft ring, 29, gear card hole is driven, 30, resetting spring fixed block.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Fig. 1,2,5,6,7, it include wheel hub, main shaft fix disk, countershaft gearing disk, cam motor fixed structure, Tire, hub support, main shaft, sliding slot main support, cam motor, cam shaft, cam, resetting spring, sliding slot secondary support, cunning Slot, the first transmission gear, countershaft circle section, third driving gear, second driving gear, first driving gear, the second transmission gear, Not rounded section of third transmission gear, main shaft sleeve, countershaft, sliding part, cam stressed plate, gear shaft ring set, gear shaft Ring, driving gear card hole, wherein as shown in Figure 3,4, tire is mounted on wheel hub outer edge surface, wheel hub is mounted on hub support, And hub support is located at side in wheel hub, as shown in Fig. 2, hub support is mounted on main shaft one end, as shown in Fig. 5,7, main shaft peace On main shaft sleeve, main shaft sleeve is mounted on main shaft and fixes on disk;As shown in figure 5, the first transmission gear, the second driving cog Wheel, third transmission gear are equidistantly mounted on main shaft successively, and third transmission gear fixes disk close to main shaft;As shown in figure 8, convex It takes turns shaft to be mounted on cam motor, cam motor is mounted on cam motor fixed structure, and three cams are mounted equidistant successively On cam shaft;As shown in figure 12, sliding slot main support is mounted on cam motor fixed structure, and six roots of sensation sliding slot secondary support is successively It is equidistantly mounted on sliding slot main support, sliding slot is installed on every sliding slot secondary support one end, sliding slot is u-shaped slot, and two neighboring Sliding slot notch is opposite, forms three groups of opposite sliding slots;As shown in Figure 11,10, not rounded section of countershaft is mounted on countershaft circle section one end, countershaft Circle section is mounted on countershaft gearing disk.
As shown in fig. 6, above-mentioned first driving gear, the second driving gear, third driving gear are equidistantly sleeved on countershaft successively On not rounded section, and third drives gear close to countershaft gearing disk;First driving gear, the second driving gear, third drive gear Mounting means it is identical, as shown in figure 13;The installation of gear is driven for third:As shown in figure 16, third drives gear Center is provided with driving gear card hole, and driving gear card hole cross section is made of straight line and semiellipse line;As shown in Figure 14,15,17, Gear shaft ring is mounted on third driving gear both sides, and gear shaft ring axis is conllinear with third gear shaft line, The gear shaft ring of each side of third driving gear is mounted on gear shaft ring set, the gear shaft ring set per side It is mounted on sliding part, two sliding parts of both sides are mounted in one group of opposite sliding slot;In the sliding slot opposite mounted on one group Two sliding parts be fixedly mounted on jointly on the downside of a cam stressed plate, cam stressed plate passes through two resetting springs and two Sliding slot secondary support connects;As shown in fig. 6, third drives gear by driving gear card hole to be sleeved on not rounded section of countershaft.
As shown in Figure 1, the axis of wheel includes countershaft and main shaft in the present invention, countershaft is power input shaft, and main shaft is wheel Rotary shaft, countershaft drive gear by power transmission to transmission gear by drive, and transmission gear drives main axis, and then drives Motor car wheel moves.As shown in fig. 7, three driving gears form three groups of different transmission ratios, three cams from three transmission gears Mechanism can select the transmission ratio of driving gear and transmission gear, realize three gear speed changing functions of wheel.As shown in figure 14, one Cam stressed plate, two sliding parts, two gear shaft ring sets, two gear shaft rings, a driving gear connect successively Contact one movement combination of composition, because the sliding effect of sliding part and sliding slot, the movement combination can be slided with single-degree-of-freedom, Sliding motion is controlled by cam.As shown in figure 18, the card hole cross section of gear centre is driven to be made of straight line and semiellipse line, So card hole inner surface is made of plane and section for the curved surface of semiellipse line;Not rounded section of countershaft is semi-circular section, then countershaft Not rounded section surface be made of plane and semi-cylindrical;As shown in the b in Figure 18, when the plane and countershaft semi-circular segments in card hole After plane contact, countershaft will drive driving gear rotation;As schemed shown in a, otherwise will not drive.Main shaft in the present invention is fixed Disk needs to be fixed on electric automobile, and the weight of vehicle body is transmitted to by main shaft on wheel;The power of motor needs logical Countershaft gearing disk is crossed to be transferred on countershaft.
Above three cam is contacted with three cam stressed plates respectively, and the first driving gear is engaged with the first transmission gear, Second driving gear is engaged with the second transmission gear, and third driving gear is engaged with third transmission gear.
As shown in figure 9, the Space Angle of above three cam installation is mutually 120 degree.Such design can make the convex of work Wheel is switched on an any other cam under current cam whens waiting.That is, three gears can be when arbitrary Arbitrarily switch whens quarter etc..
As shown in Fig. 1,7, it further includes brake disc, and brake disc is mounted on main shaft, and on the outside of main shaft sleeve.Brake Disk is fixed on main shaft sleeve, and friction catch is carried out to the main shaft of rotation.
Above-mentioned first transmission gear, the second transmission gear, third transmission gear radius size are sequentially reduced, the first sliding tooth Wheel, the second driving gear, third driving gear radius size are sequentially increased.
As shown in figure 18, it further includes resetting spring fixed block, resetting spring one end by resetting spring fixed block with it is convex Stressed plate connection is taken turns, the other end is connect by resetting spring fixed block with sliding slot secondary support.
In conclusion cam is mounted on cam shaft in the present invention, is driven and rotated by cam motor;Cam stressed plate It is slided and undulatory motion in sliding slot with sliding part, the rotation of cam can adjust the undulatory motion of cam stressed plate, and then adjust Whether the transmission for not rounded section of driving gear card hole and the countershaft that section is mounted on cam stressed plate is engaged, when driving gear and countershaft Engagement can also engage simultaneously with transmission gear, realize the transmission of gear;In the present invention in three cam rotary courses, three are adjusted The driving gear same time, one and only one driving gear was engaged with the countershaft that power inputs, while being passed with nutating gear It is dynamic, the variation of the transmission ratio of three gears is realized, the movement of main axis realization wheel is driven finally by transmission gear;It is single It is that wheel can be achieved with oneself speed change, there is preferable practical function.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of electric vehicle, the electric vehicle includes three gear speed change wheels, and the three gears speed change wheel includes main shaft, main shaft Fixed disk and main shaft sleeve, main shaft are mounted on main shaft sleeve, and main shaft sleeve is mounted on main shaft and fixes on disk, and it is solid that main shaft fixes disk It is scheduled on electric automobile, it is characterised in that:The three gears speed change wheel further comprises not rounded section of countershaft, the first sliding tooth Wheel, the second driving gear, third driving gear, the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear and third transmission gear, driving gear Axis, the first driving gear are engaged with the first transmission gear, and the second driving gear is engaged with the second transmission gear, and third drives gear It is engaged with third transmission gear;First transmission gear, the second transmission gear, third transmission gear are equidistantly mounted on main shaft successively On, the first driving gear, the second driving gear, third driving gear are equidistantly sleeved on successively on not rounded section of countershaft.
2. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The three gears speed change wheel further comprises taking turns Hub, countershaft gearing disk, cam motor fixed structure, tire, hub support, sliding slot main support, cam motor, countershaft circle section, convex Take turns shaft, resetting spring, sliding slot secondary support, sliding slot, sliding part, cam stressed plate, gear shaft ring set, gear shaft Ring, driving gear card hole, wherein tire are mounted on wheel hub outer edge surface, and wheel hub is mounted on hub support, and hub support position In side in wheel hub, hub support is mounted on main shaft one end, and main shaft is mounted on main shaft sleeve, and main shaft sleeve is solid mounted on main shaft On price fixing;Third transmission gear fixes disk close to main shaft;Cam shaft is mounted on cam motor, and cam motor is mounted on cam On electric machine fixation structure, three cams are equidistantly mounted on cam shaft successively;Sliding slot main support is fixed mounted on cam motor In structure, six roots of sensation sliding slot secondary support is equidistantly mounted on successively on sliding slot main support, and cunning is equipped on every sliding slot secondary support one end Slot, and two neighboring sliding slot notch is opposite, forms three groups of opposite sliding slots;Not rounded section of countershaft is mounted on countershaft circle section one end, countershaft Circle section is mounted on countershaft gearing disk.
3. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The sliding slot is u-shaped slot.
4. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:Third drives gear close to countershaft gearing Disk;First driving gear, the second driving gear, the mounting means of third driving gear are identical, and gear is driven for third Installation:Gear shaft ring is mounted on third driving gear both sides, and gear shaft ring axis and third gear shaft Line is conllinear, and the gear shaft ring of each side of third driving gear is mounted on gear shaft ring set, the sliding tooth per side Wheel collar bush is mounted on sliding part, and two sliding parts of both sides are mounted in one group of opposite sliding slot;It is opposite mounted on one group Sliding slot in two sliding parts be fixedly mounted on jointly on the downside of a cam stressed plate, cam stressed plate passes through two reset bullets Spring is connect with two sliding slot secondary supports;Third drives gear by driving gear card hole to be sleeved on not rounded section of countershaft.
5. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Third driving gear centre is provided with driving gear Card hole, driving gear card hole cross section are made of straight line and semiellipse line.
6. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Above three cam respectively with three cams by Power plate contacts.
7. according to claim 1,2 or a kind of electric vehicle of 6 any one of them, it is characterised in that:Above three cam is installed Space Angle be mutually 120 degree.
8. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:It further includes brake disc, and brake disc is mounted on On main shaft, and on the outside of main shaft sleeve.
9. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Above-mentioned first transmission gear, the second driving cog Wheel, third transmission gear radius size are sequentially reduced, and the first driving gear, the second driving gear, third driving gear radius are big It is small to be sequentially increased.
10. a kind of electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:It further includes resetting spring fixed block, is resetted Spring one end is connect by resetting spring fixed block with cam stressed plate, and the other end passes through resetting spring fixed block and sliding slot pair branch Frame connects.
CN201810107658.0A 2016-01-27 2016-01-27 Electric automobile Active CN108340775B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810107658.0A CN108340775B (en) 2016-01-27 2016-01-27 Electric automobile

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610055288.1A CN105711409B (en) 2016-01-27 2016-01-27 A kind of three gear speed change wheels based on cam gearshift
CN201810107658.0A CN108340775B (en) 2016-01-27 2016-01-27 Electric automobile

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CN108340775B CN108340775B (en) 2020-11-20

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CN110260209A (en) * 2019-06-21 2019-09-20 蒋恩熙 A kind of radiation-proof brain-protecting eyeshield study lamp

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CN111878547A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-11-03 浙江哈克雷斯传动科技有限公司 Electric vehicle variable speed driving system with automatic feedback speed regulation
CN112833148B (en) * 2021-01-13 2024-06-11 深圳市索茵卡科技有限公司 Device with self-adjusting rotating speed

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EP1231095A2 (en) * 2001-02-13 2002-08-14 American Axle & Manufacturing Inc. Power on demand differential
CN102301156A (en) * 2009-05-19 2011-12-28 Ut全球有限公司 Multistage automatic transmission
CN103282699A (en) * 2011-03-29 2013-09-04 爱信Ai株式会社 Transmission
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CN105711409B (en) 2018-01-23
CN108340775B (en) 2020-11-20
CN105711409A (en) 2016-06-29

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