CN108337028A - The safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in the modulation of direction - Google Patents
The safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in the modulation of direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108337028A CN108337028A CN201711341137.3A CN201711341137A CN108337028A CN 108337028 A CN108337028 A CN 108337028A CN 201711341137 A CN201711341137 A CN 201711341137A CN 108337028 A CN108337028 A CN 108337028A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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Abstract
The safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in being modulated the present invention provides direction, before designing useful signal beam forming vector sum man made noise's projection matrix, the two is initialized first with the concept of leakage, then broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm (General power iterative are utilized, GPI man made noise's projection matrix) is updated, while useful signal beamforming vectors are updated by Rayleigh Ritz methods.In order to maximize safe rate, alternating iteration structure (Alternatively iterative structure are used when designing useful signal beam and shaping vector sum man made noise's projection matrix, AIS), and the corresponding safe rate that timely updates is needed.The present invention compared with traditional direction modulation technique safe rate in middle high s/n ratio when obtained great promotion, and it can be good at demodulating useful signal in desired orientation, it is difficult to recover useful signal in unexpected direction, so as to the security performance of preferably lifting system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology fields, the more particularly to safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration in the modulation of direction
Maximize synthetic method.
Background technology
In recent years, as the fast development of mobile communications network, the privacy of information also become particularly important, traditional is upper
Layer encryption technology is solved the problems, such as only by mathematical method, if the solution in relation to mathematical problem communicates if being found
Process is just highly prone to the attack of disabled user.Then, researcher starts to turn one's attention to the secure transmission technique of bottom, i.e.,
Safety of physical layer transmission technology.To ensure that the safe transmission most important is to promote the communication quality for it is expected channel, reduction is stolen
The quality for listening channel, to ensure the safe transmission of information.
Direction modulation technique can make desired orientation demodulate useful signal, while obscure the signal in unexpected direction, make
It can not recover useful signal.Initially, Wyner proposes Wire-tap models, and it is combined card with information theory knowledge
It is illustrated what transmitting can be achieved under perfect channel condition.Then, the concept of man made noise is introduced into wireless communication,
Transmitter sends man made noise while sending private information, makes artificial noise bits in the kernel in validated user direction, i.e.,
Validated user is not impacted, while maximizing its energy in disabled user direction so that unexpected direction planisphere is turned round
Song, to ensure the safe transmission of private information.In addition, symbol level pre-coding scheme and cooperating relay are also all considered to be used for carrying
The security performance of the system of liter.
However, in many 3 points of (transmitter it is expected receiver, interception receiver) sides for not considering to estimate angular error
Into modulation scheme, how to realize that safe rate maximization is a NP-hard problem.Therefore, the present invention proposes direction tune
The safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in system, passes through alternating iteration reasonable structure design useful signal wave
Beam shaping vector sum man made noise's projection matrix, makes safe rate get a promotion, while realizing the transmitting of information.
Invention content
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide the safety based on broad sense inverse iteration in the modulation of direction
Rate maximizes synthetic method, first with leakage concept to useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise's projection matrix into
Row initialization updates man made noise's projection matrix followed by broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm, while passing through Rayleigh-Ritz methods
Update useful signal beamforming vectors.In addition, when designing useful signal beam forming vector sum man made noise's projection matrix
Alternating iteration structure is used, and needs to calculate corresponding safe rate in real time, is terminated until meeting end condition iteration, from
And it realizes safe rate and maximizes.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention includes：Using the concept of leakage to useful signal wave
Beam shaping vector sum man made noise's projection matrix initializes；Pass through broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm and Rayleigh-Ritz methods
Update man made noise's projection matrix and useful signal beamforming vectors；Design useful signal beam forming vector sum man made noise
Alternating iteration structure is used when projection matrix, while updating corresponding safe rate.
Further, detailed process includes：S1. the concept initialization useful signal beamforming vectors of leakage and people are utilized
Work noise projection matrix similarly, is initializing man made noise as useful signal when initializing man made noise's projection matrix
Private information as useful signal when useful signal beamforming vectors；S2. it is manually made an uproar using the optimization of broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm
Sound projection matrix need to fix corresponding useful signal beamforming vectors, and need to draw its man made noise's projection matrix
Straight operation；Corresponding man made noise need to be fixed when S3. utilizing Rayleigh-Ritz methods optimization useful signal beamforming vectors
Projection matrix, and take the feature vector corresponding to maximum eigenvalue；S4. man made noise's projection matrix and useful signal wave beam are calculated
The absolute value of the difference of the front and back corresponding safe rate of forming vector update, until meeting end condition.
Further, the concept using leakage initializes useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise projects
Matrix, which compares the useful signal beamforming vectors randomly generated and man made noise's projection matrix, can promote rate of convergence, make the phase
Hope direction that can recover useful signal, eavesdropping direction can not restore useful signal.
Further, described to fix corresponding useful letter using broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm optimization man made noise's projection matrix
Number beamforming vectors, and need to carry out flattening operations to its man made noise's projection matrix；Utilize Rayleigh-Ritz methods
Corresponding man made noise's projection matrix need to be fixed when optimizing useful signal beamforming vectors, and is taken corresponding to maximum eigenvalue
Feature vector.
Compared with prior art, the method proposed through the invention can realize that safe rate maximizes, while the guarantee period
Hope receiver location that can accurately recover useful signal, and interception receiver position received signal planisphere is distorted.
Using the concept of leakage initialize useful signal beamforming vectors compare with man made noise's projection matrix randomly generate it is useful
Signal beam forming vector sum man made noise projection matrix can promote rate of convergence；By broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm and
Rayleigh-Ritz methods update man made noise's projection matrix and useful signal beamforming vectors, and calculate corresponding safety
Rate can obtain higher safe rate, lifting system safe transmission performance.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, these will become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in the modulation of direction.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific example, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these examples are merely to illustrate this hair
Bright rather than limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art are various etc. to the present invention's
The modification of valence form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
A three node direction modulating system models, i.e. source node, destination node, eavesdropping node are given, wherein base station is adopted
With N array element uniform linear array antennas, it is expected that user and eavesdropping user are single antenna receiver, system is operated in direct path
In.In this case, the baseband signal vectors of transmitter terminal transmission are expressed as
In formula, PsIndicate total transmission power；β1And β2Indicate respectively the power distribution of useful signal and man made noise because
Son, and meetX indicates useful signal and meetsZ indicates man made noise's vector and obeys multiple height
This distribution Indicate it is expected that the normalization beam forming of user is vectorial, i.e.,It can will be useful
Signal gathering is to desired orientation；Indicate man made noise's projection matrix, it can be by man made noise's work(of transmitting
Rate focuses on eavesdropping direction to interfere the eavesdropping of disabled user；α indicates the power normalization factor, meets
After line of sight (LoS) channel, the signal received at deflection θ is
Wherein, nrIt indicates receiver additive white Gaussian noise, obeysDistribution；Indicate normalization
Guiding vector is represented by
In above formula
Wherein n indicates that n-th transmitting antenna, d indicate that the interval of adjacent two antenna of transmitter, λ indicate transmitting carrier signal
Wavelength.Similarly, it is expected that the reception signal of receiver and interception receiver can be expressed as
With
Wherein ndIt indicates it is expected receiver noise, obeyDistribution；neIt indicates interception receiver noise, obeysDistribution.In general, it is assumed that
Obtain the achievable rate of desired orientation and unexpected direction respectively by formula (5) and (6), i.e.,
With
Therefore, safe rate can be defined as the difference of desired orientation and the achievable rate in unexpected direction i.e.
Wherein
In order to maximize safe rate, it would be desirable to optimize useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise projects square
Battle array, the optimization problem can be expressed as
It is apparent that above formula optimization problem is a NP-hard problem, therefore it is difficult to find that the parsing of direct or close form
Solution.For this purpose, above-mentioned optimization problem can be converted into two subproblems that are mutually related by we, and between the two subproblems
Establish an iteration structure.
Before optimization useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise's projection matrix, need first to carry out the two initial
Change operation, detailed process is as follows：
S1. using the concept initialization useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise's projection matrix of leakage, initial
Man made noise as useful signal when changing man made noise's projection matrix, similarly, in initialization useful signal beamforming vectors
When private information as useful signal.
According to the concept of leakage, the man made noise when initializing man made noise's projection matrix along eavesdropping direction is counted as having
With signal, it is counted as interfering along the man made noise of desired orientation, therefore, definable corresponding man made noise's letter, which is let out, makes an uproar than (AN-
To-leakage-plus-noise ratio ANLNR) be
It lets out to maximize letter and makes an uproar than obtaining initialization matrix PAN, we need to be by flattening operations by matrix PANIt is converted into
One column vectorTherefore above formula can be write as
Therefore, by maximizing above-mentioned object function and Rayleigh-Ritz theorems, we can be in the hope of optimized variable w
By matrix
Maximum eigenvalue corresponding to feature vector composition.Man made noise's square that we can be initialized as a result,
Battle array PAN。
Similarly, it is expected that user wishes that useful information is leaked to eavesdropping user as few as possible, therefore, we define secret letter
Number letter is let out to make an uproar is than (Confidential signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio ANLNR)
Let out that make an uproar can be in the hope of v than criterion and Rayleigh-Ritz theorems according to letter is maximizeddInitial value be matrix
Maximum eigenvalue corresponding to feature vector composition.
S2. utilize broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm optimization man made noise's projection matrix that need to fix corresponding useful signal beam forming
Vector, and need to carry out flattening operations to its man made noise's projection matrix.
When beamforming vectors are fixed in optimization problem P1, optimization problem P1 can be write as
At this point, object function Rs(fixed vd,PAN) can be write as
Wherein
In view of PANIt is flexible not change formula (20) ratio, therefore, problem P1.1 can be equivalent to
Since formula (25) is a non-convex secondary Fraction Functions,WithIt is positive semidefinite matrix, therefore w can be solved using GPI algorithms, thus can be obtained corresponding PAN。
It need to fix when S3. optimizing useful signal beamforming vectors using Rayleigh-Ritz methods and manually make an uproar accordingly
Sound projection matrix, and take the feature vector corresponding to maximum eigenvalue.
When man made noise's matrix is fixed in optimization problem P1, optimization problem P1 can be write as
By formula (9) it can be found that above-mentioned optimization problem can be equivalent to
In fact, this is a Rayleigh-Ritz ratio problem, optimal vdIt can be by matrix
(He+AeIN)-1(Hd+AdIN) (28)
Maximum eigenvalue corresponding to feature vector obtain.
S4. man made noise's projection matrix and the front and back corresponding safe rate of useful signal beamforming vectors update are calculated
Absolute value of the difference, until meeting end condition.
Claims (2)
1. the safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in the modulation of direction, it is characterised in that：In order to maximize
Safe rate, it is necessary first to select a kind of suitable method to useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise's projection matrix into
Row initialization, is then utilized respectively broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm and Rayleigh-Ritz methods more new person by alternating iteration structure
Work noise projection matrix and useful signal beamforming vectors, while needing to calculate the absolute of the difference for updating front and back safe rate
Value, until meeting end condition, iteration stopping.Detailed process includes：
S1. using the concept initialization useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise's projection matrix of leakage, in initialization people
Man made noise as useful signal when work noise projection matrix, similarly, the handle when initializing useful signal beamforming vectors
Private information is as useful signal；
S2. utilize broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm optimization man made noise's projection matrix need to fix corresponding useful signal beam forming to
Amount, and need to carry out flattening operations to its man made noise's projection matrix；
Corresponding man made noise need to be fixed when S3. utilizing Rayleigh-Ritz methods optimization useful signal beamforming vectors to throw
Shadow matrix, and take the feature vector corresponding to maximum eigenvalue；
S4. the difference of man made noise's projection matrix and the front and back corresponding safe rate of useful signal beamforming vectors update is calculated
Absolute value, until meeting end condition.
2. the safe rate based on broad sense inverse iteration maximizes synthetic method in direction modulation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The concept initialization useful signal beamforming vectors and man made noise's projection matrix of Selection utilization leakage, are promoted
Rate of convergence, and need to fix corresponding useful signal beam forming using broad sense reciprocal iteration algorithm optimization man made noise's projection matrix
Vector.
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| CN109039974A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-18 | 西北工业大学 | Direction modulation signal synthesis method based on PSO-GA hybrid algorithm |
| CN110429961A (en) * | 2019-08-10 | 2019-11-08 | 南京理工大学 | Unmanned plane assists the safe alternating iteration method in the modulating network of direction |
| CN110635832A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-31 | 南京理工大学 | Wireless network maximum safe rate power distribution method based on direction modulation |
| CN115276878A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-01 | 南京理工大学 | Intelligent reflecting surface safety rate determination method and device based on inverse iteration and manifold optimization |
| KR20240079821A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-05 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Beamforming scheduling apparatus and method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109039974A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-18 | 西北工业大学 | Direction modulation signal synthesis method based on PSO-GA hybrid algorithm |
| CN109039974B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-04-02 | 西北工业大学 | PSO-GA hybrid algorithm-based directional modulation signal synthesis method |
| CN110429961A (en) * | 2019-08-10 | 2019-11-08 | 南京理工大学 | Unmanned plane assists the safe alternating iteration method in the modulating network of direction |
| CN110635832A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-31 | 南京理工大学 | Wireless network maximum safe rate power distribution method based on direction modulation |
| CN110635832B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-09-28 | 南京理工大学 | Wireless network maximum safe rate power distribution method based on direction modulation |
| CN115276878A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-01 | 南京理工大学 | Intelligent reflecting surface safety rate determination method and device based on inverse iteration and manifold optimization |
| KR20240079821A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-06-05 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Beamforming scheduling apparatus and method |
| KR102688643B1 (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2024-07-25 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Beamforming scheduling apparatus and method |
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Application publication date: 20180727 |