CN108336506B - Antenna system and communication terminal - Google Patents
Antenna system and communication terminal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108336506B CN108336506B CN201810024552.4A CN201810024552A CN108336506B CN 108336506 B CN108336506 B CN 108336506B CN 201810024552 A CN201810024552 A CN 201810024552A CN 108336506 B CN108336506 B CN 108336506B
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- antenna
- port
- directional coupler
- antenna unit
- antenna system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna system and a communication terminal, wherein the antenna system comprises at least one first antenna unit; at least one second antenna element; a directional coupler, a through end of which is connected with the first antenna unit, and a coupling end of which is connected with the second antenna unit; a selector for selecting whether the directional coupler is operated. According to the invention, the characteristic that the straight-through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler have phase difference is utilized to generate phase difference between signals of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, so that the radiation directions are different, the overall radiation pattern of the array antenna is further changed, and omnidirectional radiation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna system and a communication terminal.
Background
For short-wave antennas such as millimeter-wave antennas (electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 1-10 mm), because of their short wavelength, small antenna aperture, narrow beam and small coverage, the existing methods often use array antennas, such as millimeter-wave array antennas.
Because the array antenna units forming the array antenna are the same, the radiation directions are also the same, so that one array antenna has stronger signals in a specific direction, but cannot realize omnidirectional radiation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna system and a communication terminal to solve the problem that an array antenna cannot achieve omnidirectional radiation.
A first aspect of the present invention provides an antenna system, comprising: at least one first antenna element; at least one second antenna element; a directional coupler, a through end of which is connected with the first antenna unit, and a coupling end of which is connected with the second antenna unit; a selector for selecting whether the directional coupler is operated.
According to the antenna system, the phase difference is generated between the signals of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit by utilizing the characteristic that the straight-through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler have the phase difference, so that the radiation directions are different, the overall radiation pattern of the array antenna is changed, and the omnidirectional radiation is realized.
In a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a phase difference between the through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler is 180 °.
The phase difference between the straight-through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler is 180 degrees, so that the currents of the first antenna and the second antenna are opposite in phase, and the radiation directions are opposite, so that the whole antenna can realize omnidirectional radiation.
With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the selector includes: a first selector for selecting whether the first antenna element is connected to the through-end of the directional coupler; and the second selector is used for selecting whether the second antenna unit is connected with the coupling end of the directional coupler or not.
With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the directional coupler is a ring-shaped directional coupler.
With reference to the third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, in the fourth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, phase differences between the first port of the ring-shaped directional coupler and the adjacent second and third ports are both 45 °, a phase difference between the third port and the adjacent fourth port is 45 °, and a phase difference between the second port and the adjacent fourth port is 135 °; the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are respectively connected with the second port and the third port of the annular directional coupler, and the fourth port is used as the input end of the annular directional coupler.
When the fourth port of the annular directional coupler is used as an input end, and the second port and the third port are used as output ends, the second port and the third port output in a constant amplitude and reverse phase mode. Therefore, the currents of the first antenna and the second antenna are opposite, the radiation directions are opposite, the radiation amplitudes are the same, and the overall omnidirectional constant-amplitude radiation of the array antenna is realized.
With reference to the third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, in a fifth embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, phase differences between the first port of the ring-shaped directional coupler and the adjacent second and third ports are both 45 °, a phase difference between the third port and the adjacent fourth port is 45 °, and a phase difference between the second port and the adjacent fourth port is 135 °; the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are respectively connected with the second port and the third port of the annular directional coupler, and the first port is used as the input end of the annular directional coupler.
When the first port of the annular directional coupler is used as an input end, and the second port and the third port are used as output ends, the second port and the third port output in the same amplitude and phase. Therefore, the constant-amplitude radiation of the first antenna and the second antenna can be realized, and when the first antenna and the second antenna are opposite in direction, the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 can be enabled to realize the constant-amplitude omnidirectional radiation integrally.
With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the antenna is a millimeter wave antenna.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a communication terminal comprising the antenna system of the first aspect or any one of its optional embodiments.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped directional coupler.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
When an existing communication terminal is designed, a large amount of time and energy are consumed for designing and debugging a communication antenna. The wavelength of the existing communication signal is basically in decimeter level, for example, the operating frequency adopted by mobile companies is about 900MHz or 1800MHz, and according to the formula c ═ λ f (where c is the speed of light and is about equal to 3 × 10^8 m/s; f is the frequency and λ is the wavelength), it can be known that the existing communication antenna (for example, PIFA antenna, LOOP antenna) has good communication effect when the corresponding wavelength is about equal to the wavelength, which is 0.33 meter and 0.17 meter. It follows that the existing communication antennas are large in size. When a communication antenna with a large size is designed on a mobile terminal with a palm size, wiring is often complex, and electromagnetic signals of other communication lines in the communication terminal can affect antenna signals, so that a large amount of time and energy are often consumed when an antenna directional diagram which is designed to be in line with expectation by the existing communication terminal is designed, and once the communication terminal is debugged successfully and leaves a factory, the antenna directional diagram cannot be adjusted in the using process.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna system. As shown in fig. 1, the antenna system includes at least one first antenna element 11, at least one second antenna element 12, a directional coupler 20, and a selector 30. The selector 30 is used to select whether the directional coupler 20 is operated. The through end of the directional coupler 20 is connected to the first antenna element 11, and the coupling end is connected to the second antenna element 12.
The directional coupler is a four-port device having an input port, a through port, a coupled port and an isolated port. When a signal is input from the input end, besides a part of power is directly output from the through end, a part of power is coupled to the output of the coupling end, but is not output from the isolation end. The through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler have a phase difference, and by using this characteristic, the phase difference is generated between the analog signals of the first antenna element 11 and the second antenna element 12, so that the radiation pattern of the whole array antenna is changed. For example, when the reverse directional coupler is used, the signals of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are 180 ° out of phase, and the currents are opposite, so that the radiation directions are opposite, thereby realizing omnidirectional radiation of the array antenna in space as a whole. In addition, if the phase difference between the through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler is properly selected, the current signals of the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12 may periodically change in time according to the combination of magnitude and direction, so that the overall radiation pattern of the array antenna changes with time, and omnidirectional radiation is realized in time.
According to the antenna system, the phase difference is generated between the signals of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit by utilizing the characteristic that the straight-through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler have the phase difference, so that the radiation directions are different, the overall radiation pattern of the array antenna is changed, and the omnidirectional radiation is realized.
As an alternative to this embodiment, the selector 30 comprises a first selector 31 and a second selector 32. The first selector 31 is used to select whether the first antenna element 11 is connected to the through-end of the directional coupler 20. The second selector 32 is used to select whether or not the second antenna element 12 is connected to the coupling end of the directional coupler 20.
The first selector 31 and the second selector 32 may be single-pole double-throw switches as shown in fig. 1, or may be two relays, which is not limited in this application.
As an alternative to this implementation, the directional coupler 20 is a ring directional coupler, as shown in fig. 2. The phase difference between the first port 1 of the annular directional coupler and the adjacent second port 2 and third port 3 is 45 degrees, the phase difference between the third port 3 and the adjacent fourth port 4 is 45 degrees, and the phase difference between the second port 2 and the adjacent fourth port 4 is 135 degrees.
Optionally, the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12 are respectively connected to the second port 2 and the third port 3 of the directional coupler, and the fourth port 4 serves as an input end of the directional coupler. When the fourth port of the annular directional coupler is used as an input end, and the second port and the third port are used as output ends, the second port and the third port output in a constant amplitude and reverse phase mode. Therefore, the currents of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are opposite, the radiation directions are opposite, the radiation amplitudes are the same, and the omnidirectional constant-amplitude radiation of the whole array antenna is realized.
Alternatively, the first antenna unit 11 and the second antenna unit 12 are connected to the second port 2 and the third port 3 of the directional coupler, respectively, and the first port 1 serves as an input end of the directional coupler. When the first port of the annular directional coupler is used as an input end, and the second port and the third port are used as output ends, the second port and the third port output in the same amplitude and phase. Therefore, the constant-amplitude radiation of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 can be realized, and when the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are opposite in trend form, the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 can be enabled to realize the constant-amplitude omnidirectional radiation integrally.
The first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 in the present application may be millimeter wave antennas.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a communication terminal which comprises the antenna system described in the first embodiment or any optional implementation mode thereof.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An antenna system, comprising:
at least one first antenna element;
at least one second antenna element;
a directional coupler, a through end of which is connected with the first antenna unit, and a coupling end of which is connected with the second antenna unit;
a selector for selecting whether the directional coupler is operated; the selector includes:
a first selector for selecting whether the first antenna element is connected to the through-end of the directional coupler;
and the second selector is used for selecting whether the second antenna unit is connected with the coupling end of the directional coupler or not.
2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the phase difference of the through end and the coupling end of the directional coupler comprises 180 °.
3. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the directional coupler is a loop directional coupler.
4. The antenna system of claim 3, wherein the first port of the loop directional coupler is 45 ° out of phase with the adjacent second and third ports, the third port is 45 ° out of phase with the adjacent fourth port, and the second port is 135 ° out of phase with the adjacent fourth port;
the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are respectively connected with the second port and the third port of the annular directional coupler, and the fourth port is used as the input end of the annular directional coupler.
5. The antenna system of claim 3, wherein the first port of the loop directional coupler is 45 ° out of phase with the adjacent second and third ports, the third port is 45 ° out of phase with the adjacent fourth port, and the second port is 135 ° out of phase with the adjacent fourth port;
the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are respectively connected with the second port and the third port of the annular directional coupler, and the first port is used as the input end of the annular directional coupler.
6. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the antenna is a millimeter wave antenna.
7. A communication terminal, characterized in that it comprises an antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810024552.4A CN108336506B (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | Antenna system and communication terminal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810024552.4A CN108336506B (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | Antenna system and communication terminal |
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| CN108336506A CN108336506A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
| CN108336506B true CN108336506B (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109357728B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-06-04 | 北京古大仪表有限公司 | Microstrip double-branch directional coupler and radar level measurement system |
| CN110752439B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-11-12 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna module and terminal |
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| WO2017201534A1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-23 | Jianxun Zhu | Circuits for wireless communication on multiple frequency bands |
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| DE102004061805A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Coupling device for generating at least three different antenna beam diagrams |
| CN101783444B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-04-18 | 彭文峰 | Multi-polarization antenna system |
| US8761694B2 (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2014-06-24 | Broadcom Corporation | Multiple antenna transceiver |
| CN203166090U (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-08-28 | 广州桑瑞通信设备有限公司 | Base station antenna capable of adjusting polarization direction |
| US9276527B2 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-03-01 | Peregrine Semiconductor Corporation | Methods and devices for impedance matching in power amplifier circuits |
| CN205911443U (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-01-25 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Butler matrix network and multi -beam antenna |
| CN106684546A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-17 | 上海交通大学 | C-band polarization-reconfigurable microstrip planar array antenna |
| CN107275807B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2021-01-08 | 昆山睿翔讯通通信技术有限公司 | Communication terminal structure integrating millimeter wave antenna and navigation antenna |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103597659A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-02-19 | 意大利电信股份公司 | Two-polarization switched-beam antenna for wireless communication systems |
| CN103124186A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-29 | 国基电子（上海）有限公司 | Wireless communication device |
| WO2017201534A1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-23 | Jianxun Zhu | Circuits for wireless communication on multiple frequency bands |
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