CN108333512A - A kind of air-gap eccentric fault diagnostic method of built-in permanent magnetic motor - Google Patents
A kind of air-gap eccentric fault diagnostic method of built-in permanent magnetic motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108333512A CN108333512A CN201810040120.2A CN201810040120A CN108333512A CN 108333512 A CN108333512 A CN 108333512A CN 201810040120 A CN201810040120 A CN 201810040120A CN 108333512 A CN108333512 A CN 108333512A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of air-gap eccentric fault diagnostic methods of built-in permanent magnetic motor.The inventive method needs to construct a step voltage sequence, in transducer drive built-in permanent magnetic motor operation, the step voltage sequence is superimposed upon former output vector voltage towards a fixed electrical angle incessantly and given by repetition, and it is given to form new output vector voltage.Air-gap eccentric fault and its gross decentrations degree can effectively be diagnosed according to the trajectory diagram of this vector as soon as a vector locus can be calculated with three current phasor values and two voltage vector values.Domain operation when the method for the present invention only includes limited, any signal processing method need not be borrowed, occupancy processor resource is low, and the diagnosis of the air-gap eccentric fault and its fault degree of variable-frequency motor online can be realized in embeded processor, has very high promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rotating machinery and Diagnosing Faults of Electrical and state-detection fields, more particularly it relates to become
The air-gap eccentric fault diagnostic method of the built-in permanent magnetic motor of frequency device driving.
Background technology
, both can be from electrical engineering field according to Subject division, it can also be from mechanical engineering field, classification diagnosis motor gas
The method of gap fault of eccentricity.The diagnostic method of mechanical engineering field substantially be unable to do without motor oscillating signal analysis (【One kind is forever
Magnetic-synchro motor bias diagnostic method, Chinese Patent Application No. CN201610191963.3】,【The non-intruding of motor gas-gap bias
Formula multiple spot vibration detection device, Chinese Patent Application No. CN201520062608.7】), and the diagnostic method of electrical engineering field
Substantially be unable to do without motor current signal acquisition (【ANFIS wind-powered electricity generation double fed asynchronous machine air-gap eccentric faults diagnostic classification side
Method, Chinese Patent Application No. CN201710368353.0】).Vibration signal is obtained to need that additional vibrating sensor is installed, and it is electric
Machine operation relies on electric power, does not need vibrating sensor, therefore installs vibrating sensor additional and increase additional cost.With electric power electricity
The maturation of sub- technology, the mainstream of motor is variable-frequency motor at present, and it is unsteady flow that variable-frequency motor, which needs current feedback, current sensor,
The important component of device, therefore the current signal for obtaining variable-frequency motor need not additionally install current sensor, therefore from electricity
The angle diagnosing motor air gap failure of gas engineering is more simple and convenient.Currently, the related motor gas-gap proposed from electrical engineering angle
The inventive method of fault of eccentricity diagnosis, the whether method based on motor model, or it is based purely on signal processing method, substantially
It is upper final all to be unable to do without spectrum analysis or Time-frequency Spectrum Analysis, that is to say, that it is last or to depend on signal processing method (see
【The method for diagnosing magneto air-gap eccentric fault, CN201710121366.8】【The method for diagnosing faults of electric rotating machine, China
Number of patent application CN201710047222.2】【Rotor fault of eccentricity diagnostic method based on complete adaptive matrix beam, in
State number of patent application CN201510791082.0】).And under normal circumstances, signal processing algorithm derives from motor low speed in processing
When the data of electrical quantity when operation, it has to which the length for increasing data bears very high calculation amount to maintain original energy reluctantly
The resolution ratio enough reached.For example, when air-gap eccentric fault occurs in known motor, air gap, which must will produce to be equal in being distributed, to be turned
Handset tool speed frFrequency component, then can all can be by this frequency by the electrical quantity of air gap Influence from Eccentric inside motor
Modulation.The fundamental wave frequency of supply of current of electric is fs, by frModulate (fs±fr) fault characteristic frequency；Motor inductances are adjusted
Make frFault characteristic frequency, if motor itself contain structural salient pole, motor inductances can also be modulated more therefore
Hinder characteristic frequency.It suppose there is a motor to run with 30 rpms, then its corresponding frIt is 0.5Hz, if using fft analysis
By the electrical quantity of air gap Influence from Eccentric, collected electrical data points are at least the 2 times or more of sample frequency, and add
Hanning windows are possible to see indistinctly (fs±fr) or frThe spike at place, and FFT is that current application is most universal, it is difficult to realize
Spend minimum signal processing technology.If it is desired to reducing sample frequency and data point number simultaneously, can select more complicated more advanced
Signal processing algorithm.However the embeded processor of industrial control field is also not enough to quickly handle more advanced signal processing calculation at present
Method realizes that there is still a need for rely on high performance computer.Therefore, if it is desired to invent a kind of gas that consumption processor resource is low
Gap fault of eccentricity method, domain operation when this method must only include limited.If there is this inventive method, air gap
Significant change will occur for the means of fault of eccentricity detection, this method will promptly industrial circle obtain it is universal and
It promotes, and then pushes scientific and technological progress.
The method of the present invention is exactly such a method that can realize industrialization rapidly in industrial circle.It only includes limited
When domain operation, any signal processing method need not be borrowed, it is low to occupy processor resource, can be realized in embeded processor
The diagnosis of the air-gap eccentric fault and its fault degree of variable-frequency motor online has very high promotional value.The content of present invention
It is as follows.
Invention content
The present invention is a kind of diagnostic method of built-in permanent magnetic motor gas-gap fault of eccentricity, and method is as follows
A. a step voltage sequence is constructed, the step voltage sequence is by positive value step voltage, a negative value rank
Jump voltage and a zero step voltage composition；Positive value step voltage, negative value step voltage and zero step voltage it is lasting when
Between it is equal；The amplitude of positive value step voltage and negative value step voltage is equal；
B. transducer drive built-in permanent magnetic motor operation repeats when given rotating speed incessantly by the step voltage
Sequence is superimposed upon former output vector voltage towards a fixed electrical angle and gives, and it is given to form new output vector voltage
C. at the time of selecting to be switched to zero step voltage from positive value step voltage, or selection is cut from negative value step voltage
At the time of changing to zero step voltage, it is denoted as tz；Note betides the tzThe last step voltage switching instant before moment is
tz-1；Note betides the tz-1The last step voltage switching instant before moment is tz-2；In each tzMoment calculates
Wherein,It is tzThe current phasor at moment,It is tz-1The current phasor at moment,It is tz-2The electric current at moment is sweared
Amount,It is tz-1The new output vector voltage at moment is given It is tz-2The new output vector voltage at moment is givenM0It is to put
Big coefficient；
D. the vector with the healthy motor of model with tested built-in permanent magnetic motor is calculated in advance according to step A-C, paint
Make vectorTrack, be denoted as G0；Calculate the vector for being tested built-in permanent magnetic motorDraw out vectorTrack, be denoted as
Gt；Track G0The minimum value of curve and real axis intersection point far from imaginary axis side is designated as C0, track GtCurve and reality far from imaginary axis side
The minimum value of axis intersection point is designated as Ct, calculate Cec=C0-Ct；CecIt is a nonnegative number, CecWith the air gap of built-in permanent magnetic motor
Gross decentrations degree is positively correlated；If CecMore than threshold value Aec, then it is assumed that tested built-in permanent magnetic motor has air gap eccentric centre event
Barrier, threshold value AecIt can be determined according to the historical sample data of failure built-in permanent magnetic motor.
The threshold value AecPreparation method can be as follows：
1) the same model built-in permanent magnetic motor model machine for choosing N platform health, runs on given rotating speed, is obtained according to A~C every
The vector of one healthy model machineTrajectory diagram, be denoted as respectivelyG 01~G 0N；
2) track is obtained respectivelyG 01~G 0NThe minimum value min of curve and real axis intersection point far from imaginary axis side01~min0N.It takes
min01~min0NMinimum value MIN and min01~min0NMaximum value MAX；
3)Aec=MAX-MIN；
In the particular embodiment, the constituted mode of the step voltage sequence can be positive value step voltage --- negative value
Step voltage --- zero step voltage can also be positive value step voltage --- zero step voltage --- negative value step electricity
Pressure, can also be negative value step voltage, and --- on the occasion of step voltage --- zero step voltage can also be negative value step electricity
--- zero step voltage --- positive value step voltage is pressed, can also be zero step voltage --- on the occasion of step voltage --- it is negative
Value step voltage can also be zero step voltage --- negative value step voltage --- on the occasion of step voltage.Step voltage sequence
Constituted mode do not influence diagnostic result.
In the particular embodiment, with the magnification M of the built-in permanent magnetic motor of model0It must be equal.Preferably, only
Want the vector of healthy motorTrack G0Without departing from indication range, magnification M0It is the bigger the better.
Preferably, t in step CzThe last step voltage switching before moment can be to switch from positive value step voltage
At the time of to zero step voltage or negative value step voltage, or from negative value step voltage it is switched to zero step voltage or positive value
Step voltage, or from zero step voltage it is switched to negative value step voltage or on the occasion of step voltage.
The advantages of the method for the present invention, is listed below：1. the method for the present invention is implemented on the operational process of motor, therefore is a kind of
First diagnostic method；2. present invention only requires storagesFour values calculate only need 3 plus-minuss each time
Operation and 1 division arithmetic, calculation amount is extremely low, and amount of storage is minimum, and entirely when domain operation, without reference to it is any may increase
The signal processing algorithm of adding method complexity, therefore the method for the present invention will not cause any burden to embeded processor；3.
Inventive method output is vector graphics, and air-gap eccentric fault is visualized, and has very high promotional value.
Description of the drawings
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 provides the embodiment figure of a specific embodiment of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 provides the effect of the method for the present invention in a specific embodiment, and 20% static bias+20% is static eccentric.
Fig. 3 provides the effect of the method for the present invention in a specific embodiment, and 20% static bias+40% is static eccentric.
Fig. 4 provides the effect of the method for the present invention in a specific embodiment, and 20% static bias+60% is static eccentric.
Specific implementation mode
It should be appreciated that this preferred embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention, the protection domain being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
In this preferred embodiment, there is the poles the 8- built-in permanent magnetic traction electric machine of four transducer drives, wherein one is healthy electricity
Machine, excess-three platform are the faulty motors containing different eccentric degrees, and fault degree is that+20% dynamic of 20% static bias is inclined respectively
The heart (gross decentrations degree 40%) ,+40% dynamic eccentric (gross decentrations degree 60%) of 20% static state bias and 20% static bias+
60% dynamic is eccentric (gross decentrations degree 80%).The preferred embodiment of this preferred embodiment is shown in Fig. 1, is as follows：
The embodiment figure of this preferred embodiment is shown in Fig. 1, specific as follows：
A. a step voltage sequence is constructed, the step voltage sequence is by positive value step voltage, a negative value rank
Jump voltage and a zero step voltage composition；Positive value step voltage, negative value step voltage and zero step voltage it is lasting when
Between be 100 microseconds；The amplitude of positive value step voltage and negative value step voltage is equal, is 5V；
B. it when transducer drive built-in permanent magnetic motor operation, repeats step voltage sequence court -120 incessantly
Degree electrical angle is superimposed upon former output vector voltage and gives, and it is given to form new output vector voltage
C. at the time of selecting to be switched to zero step voltage from negative value step voltage, it is denoted as tz；Note betides the tzMoment
Preceding the last step voltage switching instant is tz-1；Note betides the tz-1The last step voltage switching before moment
Moment is tz-2；In each tzMoment calculates
Wherein,It is tzThe current phasor at moment,It is tz-1The current phasor at moment,It is tz-2The electric current at moment is sweared
Amount,It is tz-1The new output vector voltage at moment is given It is tz-2The new output vector voltage at moment is givenM0It is
10000；
D. the vector with the healthy motor of model with tested built-in permanent magnetic motor is calculated in advance according to step A~CIt paints
Make vectorTrack, be denoted as G0；G0The built-in permanent magnetic for containing air-gap eccentric fault with reference to figure and its excess-three platform will be used as
The vector of motorTrack compare.The vector of its excess-three platform faulty motorTrack be denoted as G respectivelyt1、Gt2And Gt3.Fig. 2 is
Gt1And G0Comparison diagram, Fig. 3 is Gt2And G0Comparison diagram, Fig. 4 is Gt3And G0Comparison diagram.Track G0Curve far from imaginary axis side
It is designated as C with the minimum value of real axis intersection point0.Track Gt1、Gt2And Gt3Separate imaginary axis side curve and real axis intersection point minimum value
It is designated as C respectivelyt1、Ct2And Ct3, observation chart 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 obtain C0=3102, Ct1=2827, Ct2=2391, Ct3=
1627.To calculate separately out Cec1=275, Cec2=711, Cec3=1475.According to the historical sample data of this model motor,
Set the detection threshold value A of air-gap eccentric faultec=100.Then Cec1、Cec2And Cec3It is all higher than threshold value Aec, illustrate this three motors
It is implicitly present in air-gap eccentric fault.Meanwhile, it is to be noted that arriving, Cec1<Cec2<Cec3, illustrate the air gap gross decentrations degree of this three motors
It being sequentially increased, the air gap gross decentrations degree for meeting this three faulty motors sorts, i.e., and 40%<60%<80%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of diagnostic method of built-in permanent magnetic motor gas-gap fault of eccentricity, which is characterized in that the method includes：
A. a step voltage sequence is constructed, the step voltage sequence is by a positive value step voltage, a negative value step electricity
Pressure and a zero step voltage are constituted；The duration phase of positive value step voltage, negative value step voltage and zero step voltage
Deng；
B. it when transducer drive built-in permanent magnetic motor operation, repeats incessantly by the step voltage sequence towards a fixation
Electrical angle to be superimposed upon former output vector voltage given, it is given to form new output vector voltage
C. it because the step voltage sequence repeats continual generation, therefore certainly exists from positive value step voltage and is switched to zero
At the time of being worth step voltage, or at the time of be switched to zero step voltage from negative value step voltage, remember that this any moment is tz；
Note betides the tzThe last step voltage switching instant before moment is tz-1；Note betides the tz-1Before moment most
A nearly step voltage switching instant is tz-2；In each tzMoment calculates
Wherein,It is tzThe current phasor at moment,It is tz-1The current phasor at moment,It is tz-2The current phasor at moment,
It is tz-1The new output vector voltage at moment is given It is tz-2The new output vector voltage at moment is givenM0It is amplification coefficient；
D. the vector with the healthy motor of model with tested built-in permanent magnetic motor is calculated in advance according to step A~C, draw out
VectorTrack, be denoted as G0；Calculate the vector for being tested built-in permanent magnetic motorDraw out vectorTrack, be denoted as Gt；Rail
Mark G0The minimum value of curve and real axis intersection point far from imaginary axis side is designated as C0, track GtCurve far from imaginary axis side is handed over real axis
The minimum value of point is designated as Ct, calculate Cec=C0-Ct；CecIt is a nonnegative number, CecIt is overall with the air gap of built-in permanent magnetic motor
The degree of eccentricity is positively correlated；If CecMore than threshold value Aec, then it is assumed that tested built-in permanent magnetic motor has air-gap eccentric fault.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the constituted mode of the step voltage sequence can be positive value
Step voltage --- negative value step voltage --- zero step voltage can also be positive value step voltage --- zero step electricity
Pressure --- negative value step voltage can also be negative value step voltage --- positive value step voltage ---, and also may be used by zero step voltage
Be negative value step voltage --- zero step voltage --- positive value step voltage, can also be zero step voltage --- positive value
Step voltage --- negative value step voltage can also be zero step voltage --- negative value step voltage ---, and positive value step is electric
Pressure.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the magnification M of the built-in permanent magnetic motor with model0Phase
Deng.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the amplitude of the positive value step voltage and negative value step voltage
It is equal.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that t in step CzThe last step voltage switching before moment
Can be at the time of being switched to zero step voltage or negative value step voltage from positive value step voltage, or from negative value step voltage
It is switched to zero step voltage or on the occasion of step voltage, or from zero step voltage is switched to negative value step voltage or on the occasion of rank
Jump voltage.
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| CN201810040120.2A CN108333512B (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2018-01-16 | Air gap eccentric fault diagnosis method for embedded permanent magnet motor |
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| CN201810040120.2A CN108333512B (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2018-01-16 | Air gap eccentric fault diagnosis method for embedded permanent magnet motor |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100145639A1 (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-10 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Diagnosis method of defects in a motor and diagnosis device thereof |
| CN104166095A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-11-26 | 东南大学 | Fault information fusion diagnosis method based on double-edge linear motor |
| CN204359429U (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-27 | 安徽皖新电机有限公司 | The non-intrusion type multiple spot vibration detection device of motor gas-gap bias |
| CN105868450A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A method for acquiring the air gap multi-substance domain heat conductivity coefficient in motor rotor decentration |
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2018
- 2018-01-16 CN CN201810040120.2A patent/CN108333512B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100145639A1 (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-10 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Diagnosis method of defects in a motor and diagnosis device thereof |
| CN104166095A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-11-26 | 东南大学 | Fault information fusion diagnosis method based on double-edge linear motor |
| CN204359429U (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-27 | 安徽皖新电机有限公司 | The non-intrusion type multiple spot vibration detection device of motor gas-gap bias |
| CN105868450A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A method for acquiring the air gap multi-substance domain heat conductivity coefficient in motor rotor decentration |
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