CN108331858A - Multi-plate brake - Google Patents

Multi-plate brake Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108331858A
CN108331858A CN201810022418.0A CN201810022418A CN108331858A CN 108331858 A CN108331858 A CN 108331858A CN 201810022418 A CN201810022418 A CN 201810022418A CN 108331858 A CN108331858 A CN 108331858A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
laminations
stack
plate brake
cooling
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201810022418.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN108331858B (en
Inventor
克里斯蒂安·施塔姆贝尔格
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of CN108331858A publication Critical patent/CN108331858A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108331858B publication Critical patent/CN108331858B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/24Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
    • F16D55/26Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member without self-tightening action
    • F16D55/36Brakes with a plurality of rotating discs all lying side by side
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/14Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/78Features relating to cooling
    • F16D65/84Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
    • F16D65/847Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/78Features relating to cooling
    • F16D65/84Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
    • F16D65/853Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with closed cooling system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/14Mechanical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/22Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to multi-plate brakes comprising:First stack of laminations mechanism, by anti-relative rotation and the first outer stack of laminations that can move axially and with can rotationally the anti-relative rotation connection of first axle driven and can move axially first in stack of laminations constitute;Second lamination group mechanism, by anti-relative rotation and the second outer stack of laminations that can move axially and with coaxially in first axle, can rotationally the anti-relative rotation connection of the second axis driven and can move axially second in stack of laminations constitute;The stack of laminations of actuator, stack of laminations mechanism can be axially loaded with power by actuator;It is radially arranged in oil sump below stack of laminations in the housing and can be by hot guiding device derived from the heat generated in braking process.First and second stack of laminations mechanisms are surrounded by common shell, shell is wholly or partly surrounded by one or more cooling ducts, cooling duct in one end thereof region with entrance and in its other end region with outlet, cooling duct can be cooled fluid percolation.

Description

Multi-plate brake
Technical field
The present invention relates to multi-plate brakes, have the first stack of laminations mechanism and second lamination group mechanism, and first is folded Pian Zu mechanisms by anti-relative rotation (drehfest) and the first outer stack of laminations that can move axially and with can be can rotate side It is that formula first axle driven connects in anti-relative rotation and can move axially first in stack of laminations constitute, second lamination group machine Structure by anti-relative rotation and the second outer stack of laminations that can move axially and with coaxially in first axle, can be in a manner of it can rotate It is that second axis driven connects in anti-relative rotation and may move axially second in stack of laminations constitute, wherein first is folded Pian Zu mechanisms and second lamination group mechanism are surrounded by common shell, and multi-plate brake has actuator, stack of laminations mechanism Stack of laminations and the second outer stack of laminations can be axially loaded by actuator in stack of laminations and the first outer stack of laminations and second in first With power, there is multi-plate brake the oil sump being radially arranged in the housing below stack of laminations, stack of laminations mechanism section to sink to In the oil sump, and multi-plate brake have can be by hot guiding device derived from the heat generated in braking process.
Background technology
The multi-plate brake of such so-called wet type operation has the following advantages that:It is with good braking spy Property and small noise generate.The cooling of friction element is realized by lubricant, to which the operation is low abrasion and does not need Often safeguard.In addition small structure space is only needed.
In such well known multi-plate brake, the oil of oil sump absorbs the frictional heat generated on lamination. By the rotational motion of stack of laminations, oil is thrown toward inner walls and its heat is given on housing wall, and housing wall again gives heat Go out at ambient enviroment.It not is very effectively that the thermal conductivity, which goes out,.
Invention content
The present invention relates to the multi-plate brake for being initially mentioned type, the multi-plate brake avoid disadvantages mentioned above and easily In construction, and good heat is provided and is drawn.
According to the present invention, which solves as follows, that is, shell by one or more cooling ducts completely or partly It surrounds, wherein each cooling duct has entrance in one end thereof region and has in its other end region Mouthful, and the cooled fluid percolation in cooling duct.
By the arrangement of this structure space for only needing very little, heat is no longer issued to multi-plate brake by radiating Immediately around environment at, but by cooling fluid from multi-plate brake send out heat.Therefore, the cooling cooling having had Effect.
In order to further increase cooling effect, a cooling duct or multiple cooling ducts being arranged side by side can cover shell The axial width of the circular outer wall of body.
Inner walls towards enclosure interior and/or the housing exterior walls towards one or more cooling ducts have it is multiple Equally distributed radial direction protrusion in circumferential direction, and thus increasing the surface for absorbing the heat from oil and/or being given to heat The surface of cooling fluid, and therefore improve cooling effect.
If one or more cooling ducts are directed through being connected on multi-plate brake and will be by multiple-piece system The housing wall for the unit that dynamic device is braked, then can also further cool down other components using the cooling system.
Cooling fluid can be liquid.
However also it is possible that cooling fluid is gas.
Here, if cooling fluid is to be aspirated by ventilator and be fed to the ambient air of entrance, it is cold But system can particularly simply be built.
In order to which the cooling fluid of the especially liquid in circulation loop can be reused repeatedly always, from outlet discharge Cooling fluid can be fed to cooling device and can be fed to entrance by cooling device.
Here, it is preferred that generating cooling fluid stream in the following way, that is, can feed the feeding of cooling fluid stream by pump Mouthful.
The transport stream of cooling fluid may rely on multi-plate brake one or more service conditions or will be by multi-disc The one or more service conditions for the unit that formula brake is braked are adjusted.
Therefore, the efficiency of multi-plate brake can significantly improve.
If actuator is preferably ball ramp actuator (Kugelrampenaktuator), axis is upwardly arranged at Between one stack of laminations mechanism and second lamination group mechanism and its tool is there are two the manipulation disc being coaxially arranged side by side, and passes through manipulation Device can be such that two control handwheel bobbins move away to each other, stack of laminations mechanism first in stack of laminations and the first outer stack of laminations And stack of laminations and the second outer stack of laminations can be axially loaded with power in second, then this causes to need with especially small structure space The multi-plate brake asked.
Description of the drawings
In the following, showing the embodiment of the present invention with attached drawing and being described in greater detail.Wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates multi-plate brake and its structural environment with the vertical profile of multi-plate brake;And
Fig. 2 shows the cross sections according to the multi-plate brake of Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 1 shows the electric drive for fork truck.Driver is by Left Drive device 1, right transmission device 2, left motor 3, the right side Motor 4 and multi-plate brake 5 are constituted.
Shown in the drawings of multi-plate brake 5 and its structural environment.The shell of the shell of Left Drive device 1 and left motor 3 Body 6 connects.The shell of right transmission device 2 is connect with the shell 7 of right motor 4.The shell 6 of motor 3 and 4 and 7 is respectively away from biography It is securely connected on the side of dynamic device 1 and 2.The shell 6 of left motor 3 has annular projection, which, which forms, accommodates multiple-piece The shell 8 of brake 5.Multi-plate brake 5 itself is by the first stack of laminations mechanism 16, second lamination group mechanism 17 and actuator 18 It constitutes.Stack of laminations mechanism 16 and 17 is made of the lining lamination of stack of laminations in formation with the steel lamination for forming outer stack of laminations.First The lining lamination of stack of laminations mechanism 16 is anti-to be relatively rotated but can axially movably be connect with the first axle of left motor 3 19.First is folded The steel lamination of Pian Zu mechanisms 16 is anti-to be relatively rotated but can axially movably be connect with the shell of left motor 36.Second lamination group mechanism 17 lining lamination is anti-to be relatively rotated but can axially movably be connect with the second axis 20 of right motor 4.Second lamination group mechanism 17 Steel lamination it is anti-relative rotation but can axially movably be connect with the shell of left motor 36.Lining lamination is in 16 He of stack of laminations mechanism It is arranged as follows in 17, that is, be respectively present steel lamination in the left and right of each lining lamination.
There are actuators 18, the actuator preferably to roll between the first stack of laminations mechanism 16 and second lamination group mechanism 17 Pearl ramp actuator is mutually squeezed by the way that actuator Neng Shi stack of laminations mechanism 16 and 17 is axial.In the traveling drive for fork truck In dynamic device, axial structure space circumscribed, this is because vehicle must narrowly be built relatively.The application of ball ramp actuator The frame mode of space-saving in the axial direction may be implemented.
Indirect cooling device is arranged in the region of multi-plate brake 5 on the shell 6 of left motor 3, the cooling Device is made of the cooling duct 9 for circlewise surrounding the shell 6 of left motor 3, width of the cooling duct in multi-plate brake 5 Upper extension.Cooling duct 9 is formed by the shell 6 and annular element 10 of left motor 3, the annular element surround the shell 6 of left motor 3 and It is sealed using the shell 6 of the left motor 3 relatively of sealing element 11 in the left and right.
It interrupts at a part and is flowed with the cooling for the cooling duct 9 that flows in circumferential direction in cooling duct 9 The entrance 12 of body 14 and outlet 13.
Entrance 12 and outlet 13 are arranged such that cooling fluid 14 almost flows through the entire circumferential direction of the shell 6 of left motor 3.
Multi-plate brake 5 is located at 6 inside of shell of left motor 3 and is lubricated and cools down by oil 15.In addition, oily 15 form the oil sump with following packed height so that multi-plate brake 5 is partially submerged into oil 15.
The heat generated during brake operation in multi-plate brake 5 is absorbed by oil 15 and is given to left motor 3 Shell 6 on.
Because the cooling fluid 14 of percolation cooling duct 9 is contacted with the shell 6 of left motor 3, in multi-plate brake 5 It is middle appearance and be directed into the shell 6 of left motor 3 heat absorbed and transported.
The shell 6 of left motor 3 in inside and/or can be provided at an outer portion with such as structure in the region of multi-plate brake 5 The protrusion for making the flank to radially extend, to improve from oil 15 to the shell 6 of left motor 3 and from shell 6 to cooling Heat on fluid 14 is transmitted.These protrusions are not showed that in the accompanying drawings.
Cooling fluid 14 is preferably such as cooling liquid based on water, with high thermal capacity.But naturally it is also possible to Use oil as cooling fluid 14.
Cooling fluid can be carried out cooling and be passed through by pump in the outside of multi-plate brake 5 using additional cooler Cooling circuit is conveyed to by entrance 12 again.
Cooling fluid stream may rely on motor 3 and 4 and/or transmission device 1 and 2 and/or multi-plate brake 5 operation Condition is targetedly adjusted.It may thereby be ensured that multi-plate brake 5 is only run within the temperature range of permission.Cause This, can significantly improve the efficiency of multi-plate brake 5.
If using gas especially air as cooling fluid, ventilator can aspirate air from ambient enviroment, Air is then directed into the entrance 12 of cooling duct 9.Air can flow cooling duct 9, heat by shell 6 absorb and It exports and leaves cooling duct 9 at 13 again.Here, the air of heating can be exported in ambient enviroment.
Cooling duct 9 can also spirally implement and repeatedly coil shell 6.
Cooling duct 9 can also be implemented in the region for extending into other component.Thus, for example motor 3 and 4 And/or transmission device 1 and 2 may be embodied in cooling system.
Reference numerals list
1 Left Drive device
2 right transmission devices
3 left motors
4 right motors
5 multi-plate brakes
The shell of 6 left motors
The shell of 7 right motors
The shell of 8 multi-plate brakes
9 cooling ducts
10 annular elements
11 sealing elements
12 entrances
13 outlets
14 cooling fluids
15 oil
16 first stack of laminations mechanisms
17 second lamination group mechanisms
18 actuators
19 first axles
20 second axis

Claims (11)

1. multi-plate brake, the multi-plate brake has the first stack of laminations mechanism (16) and second lamination group mechanism (17), first stack of laminations mechanism by anti-relative rotation and the first outer stack of laminations that can move axially and with can be can rotate Mode first axle (19) driven connect in anti-relative rotation and can move axially first in stack of laminations constitute, it is described Second lamination group mechanism by anti-relative rotation and the second outer stack of laminations that can move axially and with coaxially in the first axle (19), it is can in anti-relative rotation being connected with the mode that can be rotated the second axis (20) driven and can move axially second Interior stack of laminations is constituted, wherein first stack of laminations mechanism (16) and second lamination group mechanism (17) are by common shell (8) surround, the multi-plate brake also have actuator (18), the stack of laminations mechanism (16,17) described first in fold Stack of laminations and the second outer stack of laminations can be by the actuator shafts in piece group and the first outer stack of laminations and described second To load, the multi-plate brake also have the shell (8) central diameter be upwardly arranged at the oil sump below stack of laminations and With can be by hot guiding device derived from the heat generated in braking process, which is characterized in that the shell (8) is one or more Cooling duct (9) completely or partly surrounds, wherein each cooling duct (9) has entrance in one end thereof region (12) there is outlet (13), and the cooling duct (9) fluid (14) that can be cooled is worn and in its other end region Stream.
2. multi-plate brake according to claim 1, which is characterized in that one cooling duct (9) and is arranged The multiple cooling duct set covers the axial width of the circular outer wall of the shell (8).
3. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that towards the shell of enclosure interior Wall and/or the housing exterior walls towards one or more of cooling ducts have multiple radial directions equally distributed in the circumferential in vivo Protrusion.
4. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that one or more of cold But channel is directed through machine that is being connected on the multi-plate brake and being braked by the multi-plate brake The housing wall of group.
5. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the cooling fluid (14) It is liquid.
6. multi-plate brake according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the cooling fluid is gas Body.
7. multi-plate brake according to claim 6, which is characterized in that can be by ventilator draw ambient air simultaneously Deliver this to the entrance.
8. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that arranged from the outlet (13) The cooling fluid (14) gone out can be fed to cooling device and can be fed to the entrance (12) by the cooling device.
9. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the cooling fluid can borrow Pump is helped to be fed to the entrance.
10. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the fortune of the cooling fluid The one or more for sending stream that can depend on the multi-plate brake or the unit to be braked by the multi-plate brake Service condition is adjusted.
11. multi-plate brake according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the actuator (18) is Ball ramp actuator, the ball ramp actuator shaft are upwardly arranged at first stack of laminations mechanism and the second lamination Between group mechanism, and the ball ramp actuator has two manipulation discs being coaxially arranged side by side, and passes through manipulation device Described two control handwheel bobbins can be made to move away to each other, the stack of laminations mechanism described first in stack of laminations and described Stack of laminations and the second outer stack of laminations can be axially loaded with power in first outer stack of laminations and described second.
CN201810022418.0A 2017-01-12 2018-01-10 Multi-disc brake Expired - Fee Related CN108331858B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017200399.5A DE102017200399A1 (en) 2017-01-12 2017-01-12 multi-disc brake
DE102017200399.5 2017-01-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108331858A true CN108331858A (en) 2018-07-27
CN108331858B CN108331858B (en) 2021-11-09

Family

ID=62636640

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810022418.0A Expired - Fee Related CN108331858B (en) 2017-01-12 2018-01-10 Multi-disc brake

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CN (1) CN108331858B (en)
DE (1) DE102017200399A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019208178B3 (en) * 2019-06-05 2020-07-23 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Multi-disc brake for a motor vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1075607A1 (en) * 1998-04-25 2001-02-14 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Braking Systems (UK) Limited Liquid-immersed disc brake
CN1308713A (en) * 1998-07-04 2001-08-15 戴姆勒-克莱斯勒股份公司 High speed gear with oil lubrication, especially for environmentally sealed railway driving mechanism
DE10141890A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2003-03-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electrical generator for automobile, has liquid cooling circuit for stator defined between 2 interfitting housing parts
US20050139437A1 (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-06-30 Stan Nowak Fluid cooled brake housing
CN1767901A (en) * 2003-04-08 2006-05-03 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 A driving device for a centrifugal separator
CN201763860U (en) * 2010-08-27 2011-03-16 金丰机器工业股份有限公司 Combined-type clutch brake device
CN203822917U (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-09-10 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Wet type multi-pad parking brake
CN204344758U (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-05-20 四机赛瓦石油钻采设备有限公司 Gas-bag type water-cooled brake
DE102014212611A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Turned parts and gearbox with a multi-disc brake
CN205639495U (en) * 2015-12-19 2016-10-12 福建亚南电机有限公司 High reliability cylinder type second gear planet wheel gearbox
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EP1075607A1 (en) * 1998-04-25 2001-02-14 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Braking Systems (UK) Limited Liquid-immersed disc brake
CN1308713A (en) * 1998-07-04 2001-08-15 戴姆勒-克莱斯勒股份公司 High speed gear with oil lubrication, especially for environmentally sealed railway driving mechanism
DE10141890A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2003-03-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electrical generator for automobile, has liquid cooling circuit for stator defined between 2 interfitting housing parts
US20050139437A1 (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-06-30 Stan Nowak Fluid cooled brake housing
CN1767901A (en) * 2003-04-08 2006-05-03 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 A driving device for a centrifugal separator
CN201763860U (en) * 2010-08-27 2011-03-16 金丰机器工业股份有限公司 Combined-type clutch brake device
CN203822917U (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-09-10 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Wet type multi-pad parking brake
DE102014212611A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2015-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Turned parts and gearbox with a multi-disc brake
CN204344758U (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-05-20 四机赛瓦石油钻采设备有限公司 Gas-bag type water-cooled brake
CN205639495U (en) * 2015-12-19 2016-10-12 福建亚南电机有限公司 High reliability cylinder type second gear planet wheel gearbox
CN106050352A (en) * 2016-08-15 2016-10-26 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Internal combustion engine and main bearing lubrication system thereof

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