CN108330390B - Delayed fracture-resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod and production method thereof - Google Patents
Delayed fracture-resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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Abstract
The invention relates to a delayed fracture resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod and a production method thereof, wherein the alloy cold heading steel wire rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.37 to 0.41 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Mn, 0.90 to 1.20 percent of Cr0.15, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Mo, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of W, and one of V and Nb elements, wherein V is 0.030 to 0.060 percent of V, and Nb is 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The medium carbon chromium molybdenum alloy cold heading steel wire rod with ferrite and pearlite structures and without a full decarburized layer is produced through the reasonable design of chemical components and the production processes of continuous casting and rolling, heating, controlled rolling and controlled cooling, and has better delayed fracture resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a delayed fracture resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod and a production method thereof.
Background
The high-strength cold heading steel such as 42CrMo is mainly used for producing 12.9-grade high-strength fasteners. In recent years, with the rapid development of the domestic automobile industry, the demand of high-strength cold forging steel is increasing year by year. The wire rods for fasteners are produced in China in a plurality of steel enterprises, but the quality of the produced products is uneven, the products are mainly medium and low-end products, and foreign imported materials have the advantages of good hardenability, high purity, stable assembly and the like, so that the market of high-grade fasteners is occupied by foreign products for a long time.
The high-strength cold heading steel wire rod such as 42CrMo is easy to have the defect of full decarburization of the surface structure in the rolling process, and the steel has high requirement on delayed fracture capability.
Chinese patent No. CN102808131A discloses 'a method for manufacturing high-quality high-strength cold forging steel with uniform texture performance', which adopts electric furnace smelting, and has lower production efficiency than converter smelting; in addition, the components of the finished product of the method contain Mo element, and the obtained wire rod structure mainly comprising bainite has high strength and low reduction of area, and has adverse effect on the service life of a die for producing the fastener. In addition, the crystallizer and electromagnetic stirring at the solidification tail end are not adopted to improve the internal quality of a casting blank, and the problems of component uniformity and the like of a wire rod and a fastener product are adversely affected; the problems of surface defects of the wire rod, high cracking rate of the fastener and the like can be caused without adopting surface defect detection and coping processes.
Chinese patent No. CN101045238A discloses "on-line softening rolling method of medium carbon alloy cold forging steel": the method can directly obtain softening on line in the rolling process, obviously reduce the strength and the hardness, improve the reduction of area, simplify the spheroidizing annealing treatment and avoid surface decarburization caused by the annealing process. The method has the advantages of low spinning temperature, high requirement on rolling capacity of a rolling mill, heavy load and high energy consumption.
Chinese patent No. CN102321846A discloses "titanium-containing cold heading steel wire rod for 12.9 grade fastener and its production method": the preparation process comprises the working procedures of electric furnace smelting, large coil wire stacking cooling or stelmor wire cooling control, and has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and the like. However, the composition of the wire rod is not pure, and the wire rod is produced by adopting small square billets and has low quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a delayed fracture resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod and a production method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the alloy cold heading steel wire rod resistant to delayed fracture comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.37 to 0.41 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Mn, 0.90 to 1.20 percent of Cr, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Mo, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of W, and one of V and Nb elements, wherein V is 0.030 to 0.060 percent of V, and Nb is 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The production method of the alloy cold heading steel wire rod with delayed fracture resistance comprises the following steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, L F furnace refining, square billet continuous casting, continuous rolling, billet cleaning, heating, rolling, controlled cooling, finishing, inspection and warehousing, wherein the steps of:
in the continuous casting and rolling process, a continuous casting blank is a bloom with the section size of (250-350) × (350-450) mm, the superheat degree is not more than 30 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 300-400A, the defects of segregation, shrinkage, looseness and non-metallic inclusion in the continuous casting blank are overcome by electromagnetic stirring, the bloom is heated and rolled into a square steel billet with the section size of 100-200 mm, the surface of the steel billet is polished, and the defect-free surface of the steel billet is ensured;
the specific rolling method comprises the following steps:
1) the temperature of the first section of the heating furnace is 890-960 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1080-1150 ℃; an upper soaking section is 1030-1080 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1000-1050 ℃, and the air-fuel ratio is 2-3;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 930-980 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to be 880-950 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to be 850-920 ℃ and the spinning temperature to be 840-870 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 640-750 ℃ at a cooling speed of 6-12 ℃/s, closing all the heat-preservation covers, cooling at 0.2-1.0 ℃/s in the covers, and cooling in a cooling bed at 460-630 ℃ after cover-taking;
obtained by
The medium-carbon chromium-molybdenum cold heading steel wire rod has a ferrite and pearlite structure, the tensile strength is 960-1020 MPa, the elongation is 14-20%, the surface shrinkage is 50-68%, and the surface structure is free of a full decarburized layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) by reasonable design of chemical components and production processes of continuous casting and rolling, heating, controlled rolling and controlled cooling, the medium carbon chromium molybdenum alloy cold heading steel wire rod with a ferrite plus pearlite structure and no full decarburized layer is produced, and the alloy cold heading steel wire rod has better delayed fracture resistance;
2) the produced alloy cold heading steel wire rod is used for forging 12.9-grade strength fasteners, so that the fasteners have better delayed fracture resistance, and the service life and the safety factor of the fastener products are greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a delayed fracture resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.37 to 0.41 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.75 to 0.95 percent of Mn, 0.90 to 1.20 percent of Cr0.15, 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Mo, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of W, and one of V and Nb elements, wherein V is 0.030 to 0.060 percent of V, and Nb is 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The production method of the alloy cold heading steel wire rod with delayed fracture resistance comprises the following steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, L F furnace refining, square billet continuous casting, continuous rolling, billet cleaning, heating, rolling, controlled cooling, finishing, inspection and warehousing, wherein the steps of:
in the continuous casting and rolling process, a continuous casting blank is a bloom with the section size of (250-350) × (350-450) mm, the superheat degree is not more than 30 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 300-400A, the defects of segregation, shrinkage, looseness and non-metallic inclusion in the continuous casting blank are overcome by electromagnetic stirring, the bloom is heated and rolled into a square steel billet with the section size of 100-200 mm, the surface of the steel billet is polished, and the defect-free surface of the steel billet is ensured;
the specific rolling method comprises the following steps:
1) the temperature of the first section of the heating furnace is 890-960 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1080-1150 ℃; an upper soaking section is 1030-1080 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1000-1050 ℃, and the air-fuel ratio is 2-3;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 930-980 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to be 880-950 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to be 850-920 ℃ and the spinning temperature to be 840-870 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 640-750 ℃ at a cooling speed of 6-12 ℃/s, closing all the heat-preservation covers, cooling at 0.2-1.0 ℃/s in the covers, and cooling in a cooling bed at 460-630 ℃ after cover-taking;
obtained by
The medium-carbon chromium-molybdenum cold heading steel wire rod has a ferrite and pearlite structure, the tensile strength is 960-1020 MPa, the elongation is 14-20%, the surface shrinkage is 50-68%, and the surface structure is free of a full decarburized layer.
The design principle of various chemical components in the delayed fracture resistant alloy cold heading steel wire rod is as follows:
c: c is the most obvious element of solid solution strengthening effect in steel, the strength and hardness of the steel are increased along with the increase of the content of C, and the plasticity and the toughness are reduced, and for the cold forging steel with ferrite and pearlite structures, the C is selected to be in the range of 0.37-0.41 percent.
Si: si is a ferrite solid solution strengthening element, and simultaneously, the cold heading deformation resistance is also sharply increased, the consumption of a die is obviously improved, and the cold working plastic deformation is not facilitated, so that the range of Si in the invention is 0.15-0.30%.
Mn: mn plays roles of solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening, delays the transformation of pearlite and ferrite, and improves the strength and work hardening performance of steel; therefore, the control range of Mn in the invention is 0.75-0.95%.
Cr: cr can improve the toughness of the steel, improve atmospheric corrosion resistance and have better cold heading forming performance; meanwhile, the hardenability can be effectively improved, and the strength and hardness of the material after quenching are ensured; therefore, the Cr content range in the invention is 0.90% -1.20%.
Mo: mo can greatly improve hardenability and ensure the hardness and strength of the material after quenching; in addition, the element has strong delayed fracture resistance, so that the content of Mo is controlled to be 0.15-0.30 percent in the invention.
W: w can obviously hinder the precipitation of austenite grain boundary carbide, can refine grains, and improves the strength, plasticity, impact toughness, hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity and other properties of steel, and the content of W in the invention is controlled as W: 0.05 to 0.15 percent.
V: v forms carbide in steel, can improve the delayed fracture resistance of a finished fastener product, can refine crystal grains and improve the comprehensive performance of materials, and the content of V in the invention is controlled as V: 0.030 to 0.060%.
Nb: the nitride and carbide of Nb can be dissolved in a high-temperature austenite region and precipitated in a low-temperature austenite region, the precipitates can prevent the growth of original austenite grains, ferrite grains after phase transformation are refined under the nail rolling action of grain boundaries, and the content of Nb is controlled to be 0.010-0.030%.
The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[ example 1 ]
In the embodiment, the chemical composition design of the carbon-chromium-molybdenum cold forging steel is carried out according to the technical scheme of the invention, the steel is cast into a bloom with the section size of 280 × 380mm after smelting, the superheat degree is 26 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 400A, the bloom with the section size of 280 × 380mm is heated and rolled into a steel blank with the section size of 155 × 155mm, and the defect position of the surface of the steel blank is polished.
Rolling steel billet on high-speed wire rod mill
The wire rod is rolled by the following process:
1) the first-stage furnace temperature of the heating furnace is 900 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1100 ℃; an upper soaking section 1050 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1020 ℃ and the air-fuel ratio is 2.3;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 960 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to be 910 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to be 890 ℃ and the spinning temperature to be 860 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 670 deg.C at cooling rate of 7 deg.C/s, closing the heat-insulating cover, cooling at 0.4 deg.C/s in the cover and 500 deg.C, and cooling in cooling bed.
[ example 2 ]
In the embodiment, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the chemical components of the medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold forging steel are designed, the medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold forging steel is cast into a bloom with the cross section size of 280 × 380mm after smelting, the superheat degree is 25 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 400A, the bloom with the cross section size of 280 × 380mm is heated and rolled into a steel blank with the cross section size of 155 × 155mm, and the surface defect position of the steel blank is polished.
Rolling steel billet on high-speed wire rod mill
The wire rod is rolled by the following process:
1) the first-stage furnace temperature of the heating furnace is 910 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1120 ℃; an upper soaking section 1040 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1020 ℃ and the air-fuel ratio is 2.4;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to 970 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to 920 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to 900 ℃ and the spinning temperature to 850 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 665 deg.C at cooling rate of 7 deg.C/s, closing the heat-insulating cover, cooling at cooling rate of 0.5 deg.C/s, and cooling in cooling bed at 490 deg.C.
[ example 3 ]
In the embodiment, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the chemical components of the medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold forging steel are designed, the medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold forging steel is cast into a bloom with the cross section size of 280 × 380mm after smelting, the superheat degree is 24 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 400A, the bloom with the cross section size of 280 × 380mm is heated and rolled into a steel blank with the cross section size of 155 × 155mm, and the surface defect position of the steel blank is polished.
Rolling steel billet on high-speed wire rod mill
The wire rod is rolled by the following process:
1) the first-stage furnace temperature of the heating furnace is 890 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1090 ℃; an upper soaking section 1045 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1025 ℃, and the air-fuel ratio is 2.5;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to 955 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to 915 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to 895 ℃ and the spinning temperature to 855 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 680 ℃ at a cooling speed of 7 ℃/s, closing the heat-preservation cover, cooling in the cover at a cooling speed of 0.6 ℃/s, cooling out the cover at a temperature of 510 ℃, and cooling in a cooling bed.
[ example 4 ]
In the embodiment, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the chemical components of the medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold forging steel are designed, the medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold forging steel is cast into a bloom with the cross section size of 280 × 380mm after smelting, the superheat degree is 27 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 400A, the bloom with the cross section size of 280 × 380mm is heated and rolled into a steel blank with the cross section size of 155 × 155mm, and the surface defect position of the steel blank is polished.
Rolling steel billet on high-speed wire rod mill
The wire rod is rolled by the following process:
1) the first-stage furnace temperature of the heating furnace is 900 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1100 ℃; an upper soaking section 1050 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1030 ℃, and the air-fuel ratio is 2.45;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 950 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to be 920 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to be 900 ℃ and the spinning temperature to be 860 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 700 ℃ at a cooling speed of 9 ℃/s, putting into the cover, closing the heat-preservation cover, cooling in the cover at a cooling speed of 0.8 ℃/s, taking out of the cover at a temperature of 500 ℃, and cooling in a cooling bed.
The actual measured chemical components of the medium carbon chromium-containing cold forging steel produced according to the 3 examples are shown in Table 1, and the performance indexes are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 chemical composition (wt%) of C-Cr-Mo alloy cold heading steel wire rod
Note: the mass fractions of residual Ni and Cu in the steel are respectively not more than 0.20%.
TABLE 2 mechanical properties of cold heading steel wire rods made of carbon-chromium-molybdenum alloy
The surface structure of the medium carbon chromium molybdenum alloy cold forging steel wire rod obtained in the embodiment has no fully decarburized layer; the wire rod of the embodiment is adopted to manufacture a 12.9-grade strength bolt, and the delayed fracture resistance of the 12.9-grade strength bolt manufactured by the common SCM440 hot-rolled wire rod is compared with that of the 12.9-grade strength bolt (subjected to quenching and tempering heat treatment); the Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT) method is adopted for testing, and the result shows that the delayed fracture resistance of the bolt made of the wire rod of the embodiment is improved by more than 9% compared with the bolt made of the ordinary SCM440 wire rod.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The alloy cold heading steel wire rod with the delayed fracture resistance is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.37 to 0.41 percent of C, 0.27 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.93 to 0.95 percent of Mn, 0.90 to 1.20 percent of Cr0.27 to 0.30 percent of Mo, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of W, and one of V and Nb elements, wherein V is 0.030 to 0.060 percent of V, and Nb is 0.010 to 0.030 percent of Nb; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
the production process route of the alloy cold heading steel wire rod comprises the following steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, L F furnace refining, square billet continuous casting, continuous rolling, billet cleaning, heating, rolling, controlled cooling, finishing, inspection and warehousing, wherein the steps of:
in the continuous casting and rolling process, a continuous casting blank is a large square blank with the section size of 250-350 × 350-450 mm, the superheat degree is not more than 30 ℃, the electromagnetic stirring current intensity of a crystallizer is 300-400A, the defects of segregation, shrinkage cavity, looseness and non-metallic inclusion in the continuous casting blank are overcome through electromagnetic stirring, the large square blank is heated and rolled into a square steel blank with the section size of 100-200 mm, the surface of the steel blank is polished, and the surface of the steel blank is ensured to be free of defects;
the specific rolling method comprises the following steps:
1) the temperature of the first section of the heating furnace is 890-960 ℃; the temperature of the second-stage furnace is 1080-1150 ℃; an upper soaking section is 1030-1080 ℃; the lower soaking section is 1000-1050 ℃, and the air-fuel ratio is 2-3;
2) controlling the initial rolling temperature to be 930-980 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature to be 880-950 ℃, the reduced diameter inlet temperature to be 850-920 ℃ and the spinning temperature to be 840-870 ℃;
3) stelmor air cooling line cooling mode: cooling to 640-750 ℃ at a cooling speed of 6-12 ℃/s, closing all the heat-preservation covers, cooling at 0.2-1.0 ℃/s in the covers, and cooling in a cooling bed at 460-630 ℃ after cover-taking;
obtained by
The medium carbon chromium molybdenum cold heading steel wire rod has a ferrite and pearlite structure, the tensile strength is 960-1020 MPa, the elongation is 14-20%, the surface shrinkage is 50-68%, and the surface structure is free ofA fully decarburized layer.
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