CN108329645A - A kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure, preparation method and its application in terms of response transfer of shapes - Google Patents
A kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure, preparation method and its application in terms of response transfer of shapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN108329645A CN108329645A CN201810103482.1A CN201810103482A CN108329645A CN 108329645 A CN108329645 A CN 108329645A CN 201810103482 A CN201810103482 A CN 201810103482A CN 108329645 A CN108329645 A CN 108329645A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure, preparation method and its applications in terms of response transfer of shapes.Hybrid material is the membrane material that the elastomeric material being grafted by photosensitive group and carbon nanomaterial are compounded to form；The photosensitive group is the group that light dimerization reaction can occur, and the matrix of elastomeric material is the elastomer containing isolated double bond.The present invention utilizes the light-absorbing feature of carbon nanomaterial, when photo-crosslinking, adjust the light intensity at material internal different depth, realize the control of the crosslink density to the dimerization rate and material of the photodimerization group at different depth, and then membrane material has gradient-structure in vertical direction, the formation of gradient-structure makes it under conditions of environmental stimuli (such as temperature, solvent, infrared light), realizes various shapes transformation；Photic gradient-structure is reversible simultaneously, can be wiped by heating or 300nm or less ultraviolet irradiations, be restored to original linear structure.
Description
Technical field
It is prepared the invention belongs to chemical material and applied technical field, and in particular to a kind of UV light-induced gradient-structure
Hybrid material, preparation method and its application in terms of response transfer of shapes.
Background technology
The response transfer of shapes of material is the hot spot direction of a research at present, and unbalanced construction material is in response
Prodigious advantage is shown in the research of transfer of shapes.The presence of unbalanced construction makes it can be with when responding sexual behaviour and occurring
More various and designability transfer of shapes occurs according to regulation and control.But in current research, this unbalanced construction material
The preparation of material focuses mostly in two kinds of main methods of structure layer by layer and liquid crystal polymer.And in the preparation process of structure layer by layer, it needs
Two different polymer are chosen, and the two is bonded together, the different double-layer structure of such forming properties.This bilayer
When by environmental stimuli, due to the otherness of internal stress, transfer of shapes occurs structure for material.But the shortcomings that this method
It is that the interaction force between two layers of polymers will make the two that can effectively be bonded together in a suitable range.And
During use, this double-layer structure is also easy to detach.It is by liquid crystal knot that liquid crystal polymer material, which obtains unbalanced construction,
Structure is introduced into inside material system, and the Territorial Difference being orientated using the crystal transition and liquid crystal structure of liquid crystal is realized unbalanced
The preparation of structure.But this method needs complicated building-up process and specific liquid crystal aligning condition, complex process condition more
Harshness, therefore be also unfavorable for promoting the use of on a large scale.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of recyclable UV light-induced
Hybrid material, preparation method and its application in terms of response transfer of shapes of gradient-structure.The present invention simple and quick can obtain
The unbalanced gradient-structure of photoinduction hybrid material, the hybrid material of gradient-structure is in environmental stimuli (such as temperature, solvent, red
Outer light etc.) under conditions of, it can be achieved that various shapes change.
In the present invention, the photodimerization group in the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting can be under conditions of ultraviolet lighting
Self-crosslinking reaction occurs, using the self-crosslinking reaction, the molecule chain part inside elastomer locks.The addition of carbon nanomaterial,
The light intensity at material internal different depth can be adjusted when photo-crosslinking, realized to the photodimerization group at different depth
The control of the crosslink density of dimerization rate and material, and then obtain the membrane material of gradient-structure in vertical direction.Material structure is not
Homogeneity so that three-dimensional transfer of shapes can occur under conditions of environmental stimuli for material.In turn by this gradient-structure
Membrane material is applied in the research in transfer of shapes field., compared to thermal control structure, the formation controllability of light-operated structure is stronger, can for it
It is designed as needed, and then obtains more various transfer of shapes.And due to the invertibity of self-crosslinking reaction so that above-mentioned
Process is reversible,<Under the UV Light or hot conditions of 300nm, the structure of hybridization film material can be tied in equilibrium
It is converted between structure and gradient-structure, transfer of shapes is also reversible, and can repeatedly reciprocation cycle be utilized.
Technical solution of the present invention is specifically described as follows.
The present invention provides a kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure, is the elastomer being grafted by photosensitive group
The membrane material that material and carbon nanomaterial are compounded to form；Wherein：The photosensitive group is the group for light dimerization reaction to occur,
The matrix of elastomeric material is the elastomer containing isolated double bond.
In the present invention, the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting and the mass ratio of carbon nanomaterial are 1:0.001-1:0.2.
In the present invention, photosensitive group is selected from coumarin group, and anthryl group is arbitrary in chalcone group or cinnamate group
It is one or more of；The matrix of elastomeric material is selected from butadiene rubber, SBS, SIS, SIBS, nitrile rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, natural rubber
It is any in glue or EPDM.
In the present invention, the elastomer of photosensitive group grafting is prepared by following steps：
(1) in organic solvent by the elastomer containing isolated double bond and mercapto carboxy compounds dissolving, after stirring evenly,
Photoinitiator is added, mercapto alkene click-reaction occurs under conditions of ultraviolet lighting, obtains the modified elastomer after carboxyl grafting；Its
In：Mercapto carboxy compounds are the compound containing carboxyl and sulfydryl simultaneously in molecular structure；
(2) any group and photosensitive base in the modified elastomer and hydroxyl, epoxy or amino after being grafted carboxyl
The compound dissolving of group in organic solvent, reacts at a temperature of 20-120 DEG C, obtains the elastomer material of photosensitive group grafting
Material.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of isolated double bond is 0.01 in mercapto carboxy compounds and elastomer：1-1：1；Containing photosensitive
Hydroxyl, epoxy or amino and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl on the modified elastomer after hydroxyl grafting in the compound of group are
0.01：1-1：1.
In the present invention, in step (1), the mercapto carboxy compounds are selected from thioacetic acid, 3- mercaptopropionic acids, 4- sulfydryl fourths
It is any in acid, 6- mercaptohexanoic acids, 7- sulfydryls enanthic acid, 8- sulfydryls octanoic acid, 11- Mercaptoundecanoic acids or 16- mercaptohexadecanoic base acid
Kind；
In the present invention, in step (1), the photoinitiator is free radical photo-initiation or cationic photoinitiator.
In the present invention, the free radical photo-initiation is styrax ethers, Dialkoxy acetophenones, Oxoxanthone, Sulfide-containing Hindered benzophenone
The combination of one or more of class, thioxanthone, anthraquinone and benzophenone and its derivative；The cationic photoinitiator
It is any in Diaryl iodonium compound, triaryl sulfide, Diaryl iodonium mantoquita or ferrocene salt.
In the present invention, in step (1) and (2), organic solvent is selected from tetrahydrofuran, alcohols, chloroform, dichloromethane, diformazan
Base sulfoxide, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane, N, N '-dimethyl formamide, N, N '-dimethyl acetamide, N- methyl-pyrrolidons, benzene, first
Any one of benzene or dimethylbenzene.
In the present invention, carbon nanomaterial in nanotube, graphene, C60 or graphene oxide any one or a few.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of the hybrid material of above-mentioned UV light-induced gradient-structure, by photosensitive base
Elastomeric material and the carbon nanomaterial of group's grafting dissolve in organic solvent in proportion, after being uniformly dispersed, using casting at
Film, then dry and remove the obtained membrane material of organic solvent, i.e., the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure.Wherein：Organic solvent
Selected from tetrahydrofuran, alcohols, chloroform, dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane, N, N '-dimethyl formamide, N,
Any one of N '-dimethyl acetamide, N- methyl-pyrrolidons, benzene, toluene or dimethylbenzene.
Further, the present invention provides a kind of hybrid material of above-mentioned UV light-induced gradient-structure in thermo-responsive shape
Application in terms of shape transformation.Application process is specific as follows：
The hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure is pre-stretched under heating conditions first so that extensibility exists
Between 10%~elongation at break, it is down to room temperature later, obtains composite material film, then with (preferably more than 300nm wavelength
Ultraviolet light composite material film 365nm), forms the gradient-structure of vertical direction；Or the template of pattern is added as needed,
The selectivity design that horizontal direction is carried out to the structure of film, obtains the gradient-structure of horizontal direction；Film after ultraviolet light into
Row heating or infrared radiation processing, realize transfer of shapes.
In the present invention, the temperature of heating is between 60-120 DEG C.
It is miscellaneous with being wiped less than 300nm ultraviolet lights (preferably 254nm) or at a temperature of 150~200 DEG C in the present invention
Change the gradient-structure that material is formed, film is restored to original-shape.
Further, the present invention provides a kind of hybrid material of above-mentioned UV light-induced reversible gradient-structure in solvent
Application in terms of response transfer of shapes.Its application process following steps：
First by ultraviolet light of the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure more than 300nm wavelength, is formed and hung down
Histogram to gradient-structure；Also the template of pattern can be added as needed, the selectivity that horizontal direction is carried out to the structure of film is set
Meter, obtains the gradient-structure of horizontal direction；Film after ultraviolet light is immersed in good solvent, after swelling equilibrium, film goes out
The phenomenon that now being crimped to direction of illumination, takes out later, is immersed in poor solvent, and curling film is restored to original formation state.
Or its application process following steps：
The hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure is immersed in good solvent first, after swelling equilibrium, with more than
The ultraviolet light of 300nm wavelength (preferably 365nm), in irradiation process, the gradient-structure of vertical direction is formed, and is taken out later,
It is immersed in poor solvent, the phenomenon that away from direction of illumination curling occurs in film.
In the present invention, good solvent is any in toluene, dimethylbenzene, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, dichloromethane, hexamethylene or benzene
Kind, poor solvent is any in methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, butanone or water.
In the present invention, wiped at a temperature of less than 300nm (preferably 254nm) ultraviolet lights or at 150~200 DEG C miscellaneous
Change the gradient-structure that material is formed, film is restored to original-shape.
Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
It is this by the way that photodimerization group is grafted on elastomeric material strand, prepare the elastomer of photosensitive group grafting
Method it is simple, raw material is easy to get, cost is relatively low.Obtain photosensitive group grafting elastomer with carbon nanomaterial it is compound after can
To prepare the membrane material with reversible gradient-structure.Under conditions of environmental stimuli, this film with gradient-structure can be real
Existing response transfer of shapes.Due to the invertibity of light dimerization reaction, the structure transition process is reversible, so the photosensitive group is grafted
Elastomer carbon nanomaterial composite material has potential application in the research field of transfer of shapes.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the reaction process and molecular structure diagram for the SBS that carboxyl is grafted in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the photosensitive elastomer reaction process and molecular structure diagram of anthracene grafting SBS in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is carboxyl grafting SBS and anthracene grafting SBS nuclear magnetic spectrum figures in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the stress-strain diagram of the composite material of different carbon nanotube additive amounts in embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is the UV light-induced ladder that the elastomeric material that photosensitive group is grafted in embodiment 3 is prepared with carbon nanomaterial
Spend the transfer of shapes figure occurred in the case of the hybrid material different stretch rate (100,200,300%) of structure.
Fig. 6 is that the elastomeric material that photosensitive group is grafted in embodiment 4 prepares UV light-induced gradient with carbon nanomaterial
The hybrid material regionality transfer of shapes of structure and infrared response sex reversal and hot erase process.
Fig. 7 is that the elastomeric material that photosensitive group is grafted in embodiment 5 prepares UV light-induced gradient with carbon nanomaterial
Transfer of shapes process of the hybrid material of structure under solvent-induced.
Fig. 8 is that the elastomeric material that photosensitive group is grafted in embodiment 6 prepares UV light-induced gradient with carbon nanomaterial
Transfer of shapes process of the hybrid material of structure under solvent-induced.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and examples.Following embodiment is to this hair
Bright further explanation, rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
SBS and mercaptopropionic acid are dissolved in by different proportion in toluene, are added suitable photoinitiator I907, ratio in this example
It is set to 20%, after stirring evenly, in the carry out click-reaction of ultraviolet lighting.Fig. 1 is reaction process equation.
The SBS that carboxyl is grafted is dissolved in toluene, anthracene nucleus oxygen compound is addedIt is reacted under the conditions of 80 DEG C
48 hours, obtain the SBS of anthracene grafting.The grafting amount of anthracene is the 50% of carboxyl in the present embodiment.Fig. 2 is the SBS reactions of anthracene grafting
Equation.Fig. 3 is carboxyl grafting SBS and anthracene grafting SBS nuclear magnetic spectrums in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2
The carbon nanotube (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%) of the SBS for being grafted anthracene and different content in embodiment 1 are existed
It in toluene, after mixing, is heated under the conditions of 0 DEG C, removes solvent film forming.Fig. 4 is the hydridization material of different content of carbon nanotubes
The stress-strain diagram of material.With the increase of content of carbon nanotubes, the fracture strength and modulus of material are all increasing, extension at break
Rate reduces.In this system, the composite material of several content of carbon nanotubes all has preferable elasticity, elastic and strong in order to balance
Performance is spent, it is that its response deformation, but this property are studied in representative that we, which choose the composite material that content of carbon nanotubes is 2%, below
It can be not limited only to the composite material of this content.
Embodiment 3
The hydridization for the UV light-induced gradient-structure that the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting is prepared with carbon nanomaterial
It is pre-stretched under conditions of 80 DEG C of heating of material (sample of the carbon nanotubes 2% prepared in embodiment 2) so that extensibility is distinguished
It is 100%, 200% and 300%, is down to room temperature later；365nm length ultraviolet light photo-irradiation treatment 10 minutes heats 100 DEG C later
Processing 20 minutes.Transfer of shapes occurs for film, as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 4
The hydridization for the UV light-induced gradient-structure that the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting is prepared with carbon nanomaterial
Material sample (sample of the carbon nanotubes 2% prepared in embodiment 2) is pre-stretched to 50% elongation under the conditions of 100 DEG C
Rate is heat-treated 30 minutes, is cooled to room temperature later.Template is added to be handled 20 minutes under 365nm length ultraviolet light illumination conditions, it
The generation of 100 DEG C of processing, 20 minutes (Fig. 6 A) induced shapes transformation is heated afterwards.The induced shape transition process uses 808nm laser instead
Without the use of direct-fired method regional control then can be achieved, as shown in Figure 6B in irradiation.Sample after transfer of shapes is added
160 DEG C of heat is handled 30 minutes, and pattern is wiped free of, and sample is restored to original flat form (Fig. 6 C).
Embodiment 5
The UV light-induced gradient-structure that the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting is prepared with carbon nanomaterial first
Hybrid material film (sample of the carbon nanotubes 2% prepared in embodiment 2) is immersed in toluene, after swelling equilibrium, is used
The gradient-structure of the ultraviolet light of 356nm wavelength, irradiation process vertical direction is formed.It takes out, impregnates in ethanol, film later
There is the phenomenon that away from direction of illumination curling, as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 6
The elastomeric material that photosensitive group is grafted is prepared into the miscellaneous of UV light-induced gradient-structure with carbon nanomaterial first
Change the ultraviolet light that material membrane (sample of the carbon nanotubes 2% prepared in embodiment 2) uses 365nm wavelength.This process
In, the gradient-structure of vertical direction is formed.Film after ultraviolet light is immersed in toluene, after swelling equilibrium, film occurs
The phenomenon that being crimped to direction of illumination.It takes out, is immersed in alcohol solvent later, curling film is restored to original formation state, should
Process is as shown in Figure 8.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure, which is characterized in that it is the elastomer being grafted by photosensitive group
The membrane material that material and carbon nanomaterial are compounded to form；Wherein：The photosensitive group is the group for light dimerization reaction to occur,
The matrix of elastomeric material is the elastomer containing isolated double bond.
2. the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that photosensitive group is grafted
Elastomeric material and carbon nanomaterial mass ratio be 1:0.001-1:0.2.
3. the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that photosensitive group is selected from
Coumarin group, anthryl group, any one or a few in chalcone group or cinnamate group；The matrix of elastomeric material selects
It is any from butadiene rubber, SBS, SIS, SIBS, nitrile rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, natural rubber or EPDM.
4. the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that photosensitive group is grafted
Elastomer be prepared by following steps：
(1) in organic solvent by the elastomer containing isolated double bond and mercapto carboxy compounds dissolving, it after stirring evenly, is added
Mercapto alkene click-reaction occurs under conditions of ultraviolet lighting for photoinitiator, obtains the modified elastomer after carboxyl grafting；Wherein：
Mercapto carboxy compounds are the compound containing carboxyl and sulfydryl simultaneously in molecular structure；
(2) any group and photosensitive group in the modified elastomer and hydroxyl, epoxy or amino after being grafted carboxyl
Compound dissolves in organic solvent, is reacted at a temperature of 20-120 DEG C, obtains the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting.
5. the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 4, which is characterized in that mercapto carboxy
The molar ratio of isolated double bond is 0.01 in compound and elastomer：1-1：1；Hydroxyl in compound containing photosensitive group,
The molar ratio of epoxy or amino and the hydroxyl on the modified elastomer after hydroxyl grafting is 0.01：1-1：1.
6. the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step (1), institute
It states mercapto carboxy compounds and is selected from thioacetic acid, 3- mercaptopropionic acids, 4- mercaptobutyric acids, 6- mercaptohexanoic acids, 7- sulfydryls enanthic acid, 8- mercaptos
It is any in base octanoic acid, 11- Mercaptoundecanoic acids or 16- mercaptohexadecanoic base acid.
7. the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carbon nanomaterial selects
From in nanotube, graphene, C60 or graphene oxide any one or a few.
8. a kind of preparation method of the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 1, feature exist
In, the elastomeric material of photosensitive group grafting is dissolved in organic solvent in proportion with carbon nanomaterial, after being uniformly dispersed, profit
It is formed a film with casting, then dries and remove the obtained membrane material of organic solvent, i.e., the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure.
9. a kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure according to claim 1 is rung in thermo-responsive or infrared light
Application in terms of answering property transfer of shapes.
10. application according to claim 9, which is characterized in that application process is specific as follows：First by UV light-induced ladder
The hybrid material of degree structure is pre-stretched under heating conditions so that extensibility drops later between 10%~elongation at break
To room temperature, composite material film is obtained, then with the ultraviolet light composite material film more than 300nm wavelength, forms vertical direction
Gradient-structure；Or the template of pattern is added as needed, the selectivity that horizontal direction is carried out to the structure of film designs, and obtains water
Square to gradient-structure；Film after ultraviolet light carries out heating or Infrared irradiation processing, realizes transfer of shapes.
11. application according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the temperature of heating is between 60-120 DEG C.
12. application according to claim 11, which is characterized in that with less than 300nm ultraviolet lights or 150~200
The gradient-structure that hybrid material is formed is wiped at a temperature of DEG C, film is restored to original-shape.
13. a kind of hybrid material of UV light-induced reversible gradient-structure according to claim 1 is in solvent response shape
Application in terms of shape transformation.
14. application according to claim 13, which is characterized in that its application process following steps：
First by ultraviolet light of the hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure more than 300nm wavelength, Vertical Square is formed
To gradient-structure；Also the template of pattern can be added as needed, the selectivity that horizontal direction is carried out to the structure of film designs, and obtains
Obtain the gradient-structure of horizontal direction；Film after ultraviolet light is immersed in good solvent, after swelling equilibrium, film occurs to light
The phenomenon that being crimped according to direction, takes out later, is immersed in poor solvent, and curling film is restored to original formation state.
15. application according to claim 13, which is characterized in that its application process following steps：
The hybrid material of UV light-induced gradient-structure is immersed in good solvent first, after swelling equilibrium, with more than 300nm
The ultraviolet light of wavelength, in irradiation process, the gradient-structure of vertical direction is formed, and is taken out later, is immersed in poor solvent,
There is the phenomenon that away from direction of illumination curling in film.
16. the application according to claims 14 or 15, which is characterized in that good solvent be toluene, dimethylbenzene, tetrahydrofuran,
Any in chloroform, dichloromethane, hexamethylene or benzene, poor solvent is any in methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, butanone or water.
17. the application according to claims 14 or 15, which is characterized in that less than 300nm ultraviolet lights or 150~
The gradient-structure that hybrid material is formed is wiped at a temperature of 200 DEG C, film is restored to original-shape.
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| CN111205382A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-29 | 大连理工大学 | Photoresponse ethylene propylene diene monomer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111607046A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-01 | 浙江大学 | Concentration/modulus bidirectional gradient hydrogel for high-throughput screening of biological materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN111607047A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-01 | 浙江大学 | High-throughput biomaterial screening bidirectional gradient hydrogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111929988A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-13 | 上海交通大学 | Ordered wrinkle pattern on surface of hierarchical system and preparation method and application thereof |
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