CN108322982A - Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, flash X-ray generation device and method - Google Patents
Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, flash X-ray generation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108322982A CN108322982A CN201810323728.6A CN201810323728A CN108322982A CN 108322982 A CN108322982 A CN 108322982A CN 201810323728 A CN201810323728 A CN 201810323728A CN 108322982 A CN108322982 A CN 108322982A
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- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 biology Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QNZFKUWECYSYPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Pb] QNZFKUWECYSYPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/10—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube
- H05G1/22—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube with single pulses
- H05G1/24—Obtaining pulses by using energy storage devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, flash X-ray generation device and methods, wherein, Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator includes PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electrode, negative electrode and plane percussion mechanism, positive electrode and negative electrode, which are arranged below the both ends of PZT ferroelectric ceramics, negative electrode, is arranged planar impact device.Quick-fried electric transducing impulse generator is set, using quick-fried electric transducing clock as the primary energy of spiral pulse generator so that the clock in flashing X-ray machine eliminates the reliance on external AC/DC power supply conversion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, flash X-ray generation device and methods.
Background technology
Flash X-ray diagnostic imaging is the measuring technology of a modernization, it uses high-voltage pulse generator driving flash of light X
The very short X-ray pulse of ray diode generation time can take object since its time for exposure is short, penetration capacity is strong
Internal transient changing process and high-speed motion phenomenon.To in detonation physics, implosion dynamics, Shock wave physics, high energy
Explosive, interior ballistics, the armoring transient state mistake with anti-armoring research and plasma physics, material, biology, medicine etc. in fields
It is used widely in the test of journey research, many countries have all carried out including China to be had developed various flash X-rays and set
It is standby.But driving generates the clock that flashing X-ray ray diode needs and needs independent external ac/dc power supply conversion.
Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator be considered as most small and exquisite and efficient autonomous pulsed power supply system it
One, there is the field of strict demand that there is unique advantage, Ferroelectric Explosive electricity device miniaturization and reliability in space flight, national defence etc.
The work of transducing impulse generator is that the unexpected depolarising based on ferroelectric material releases charge, and traditionally this is with one
What the shock wave load ferroelectric material of quantitative explosive was completed, be lead and barium titanate and lead zirconium hybrid ceramic usually using ferroelectric material
(PZT ceramics).
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator,
Quick-fried electric transducing impulse generator is arranged in flash X-ray generation device and method, and quick-fried electric transducing clock is sent out as spiral pulse
The primary energy of raw device so that the clock in flashing X-ray machine eliminates the reliance on external AC/DC power supply conversion.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, it is wrapped
PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electrode, negative electrode and plane percussion mechanism are included, positive electrode and negative electrode are arranged the two of PZT ferroelectric ceramics
Planar impact device is arranged in end, negative electrode lower section.
It is preferred that planar impact device includes explosive and detonator, explosive, explosive and detonator are set below negative electrode
It is connected.
Connect with gunpowder it is preferred that planar impact device includes sheet metal, empty steamed stuffed bun bullet, gunpowder and the fire in a stove before fuel is added, the fire in a stove before fuel is added
It connects, empty steamed stuffed bun bullet is set on gunpowder, sheet metal is set on empty steamed stuffed bun bullet, sheet metal is located between negative electrode and empty steamed stuffed bun bullet.
It is preferred that PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electrode, negative electrode and plane percussion mechanism are arranged in support element, just
Electrode and plane percussion mechanism are arranged at the both ends of support element.
Based on the flash X-ray generation device of Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, including Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing arteries and veins
Rush generator, hurricane band impulse generator and x-ray diode；
Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator includes PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electrode, negative electrode and plane percussion mechanism,
Positive electrode and negative electrode, which are arranged below the both ends of PZT ferroelectric ceramics, negative electrode, is arranged planar impact device；
Hurricane band impulse generator includes conductive film and insulation film, and conductive film and insulation film intersection are rolled up after stacking
At cylinder, an open strip transmission line is formed, round cross section helically linear；
Hurricane band impulse generator driving x-ray diode flashes X-ray.
It is preferred that PZT ferroelectric ceramics is 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics of PZT；Electricdomain in ceramics is along the side of applied field
To aligning, it is about 32uC/cm to form remanent polarization value2。
It is preferred that negative electrode is connected and is grounded with the cathode of x-ray diode；
Positive electrode connects hurricane band inner layer conductive film, and conductive film connects the anode of x-ray diode；
Hurricane band outer layer conductive film is grounded, and connects one end of arrester switch, another termination positive electricity of arrester switch
Pole and inner layer conductive film.
Based on the flash X-ray production method of Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator is set；
Step 2：Hurricane band impulse generator is set；
Step 3：Use the quick-fried electrical pulse source of ferroelectric ceramics as the primary supplies power supply of hurricane band impulse generator.
It is preferred that in step 1, ferroelectric ceramics is 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics of PZT to have polarized, the electricdomain in ceramics
It is aligned along the direction of applied field, about 32 μ C/cm2 of remanent polarization is formed, when encountering high-strength impact pressure in short-term
When effect, when pressure meets depolarising condition value, the part that shock wave passes through in ceramics, remanent polarization just disappears, releases
Bound charge is released, charge flows through external circuit, forms electric current；Shock motion direction is perpendicular to remanent polarization direction
PZT95/5 ceramics impulsive discharges under operating mode flow through the electric current I of external circuit load0For：
In formula：PrThe remanent polarization of-PZT95/5 ceramics；
The spread speed of D-shock wave, about 4.1km/s；
y0、z0- it is ceramic electrical pole-face size, wherein z0It is the distance that shock wave is propagated along ceramics；
τ=z0Propagation time of/D-the shock wave in ceramics；
T-output pulse current width.
Formula (1) indicates that the PZT-95/5 ceramics under shock wave load are a pulsed constant current supplies, then arteries and veins is obtained in load
Rush voltage U0=I0R, when load is capacitance, then U0=I0t/C；The shock wave of a plane is generated in PZT95/5 ceramics；
The shock wave pressure of design meets the condition for leading to PZT95/5 ceramics the depolarization discharges, and ceramics will be made fully to release beam
The charge tied up.
It is preferred that in step 2, hurricane band impulse generator realizes high-voltage nanosecond pulse, hurricane band pulse generation
The pulse width and amplitude of device output can be adjusted, and for generating high pressure ns pulses, energy-storage units can be down to the electricity of 1V
Pressure storage charge, and can be discharged with the peak value of pulse higher than storage voltage；Hurricane band impulse generator includes two panels rectangular conductive
Film and two panels insulation film, insulation film and conductive film intersection are rolled into cylinder after stacking, and form an open band-like biography
Defeated line, the cross section for winding cylinder are in two helix strips arranged side by side；The line-to-line that the outermost circle of two side-by-side helix lines starts
And direct current perseverance charge power supply and an arrester switch S are connected, one encloses the outside line of terminal as high-voltage pulse output inside helix
End, interior lines are vacant；
When work, DC constant flowing power charges to voltage U=It/C (I charging electricity to spiral yarn shaped at line capacitor C
Stream, t charging time), it is then shut off arrester switch S, then discharges and generates an electromagnetic wave for being originated from switch S, along transmission line
It propagates, with the propagation of wave, electrostatic field is converted into electromagnetic field, electromagnetic wave is incited somebody to action when line end reflection is returned along road
Electromagnetic field converts back electrostatic field, so back and forth；When charging time is t, transmission line charging voltage is U, and the high-voltage pulse of output is：
Ut0≤t≤2 U=n (1/ τ)；
In formula:The time required to τ-voltage wave passes to terminal from switch；
εr- relative dielectric constant；
The diameter of D-spiral-shaped transmission line；
N-vector logarithm or the spiral generator number of turns；
As t=2 τ, voltage pulse reaches maximum value UOmax=2nU, rise time are equal to 2 τ and export pulse, appear in spiral shell
Revolve the output end of tape pulse generator.The advantages of system, is that its simplicity and it generate rise time of pulse and short (receive
Second).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Quick-fried electric transducing impulse generator is set, using quick-fried electric transducing clock as spiral arteries and veins
Rush the primary energy of generator so that the clock in flashing X-ray machine eliminates the reliance on external AC/DC power supply conversion；The application
The system bulk of composition is smaller, and can reduce cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention block diagram；
Fig. 2 is that quick-fried electric transducing nanosecond pulse system drive flash X-ray tube embodiment makes figure；
Fig. 3 is discharge process of the PZT ceramics under shock wave load；
Fig. 4 is the quick-fried electric pulse transducing experimental provision of ferroelectric ceramics；
Fig. 5 is vector inverting millimicrosecond pulse generator (hurricane band impulse generator)；
Fig. 6 is using empty steamed stuffed bun bullet as the surge generator device needed for the quick-fried electric transducing of ferroelectric ceramics；
In figure, the quick-fried electric transducing impulse generators of 1-, 2- hurricane band impulse generators, 3-X ray diodes, 4- negative electrodes,
5- positive electrodes, 6-PZT ferroelectric ceramics, 7- arrester switch, 8- explosives, 9- detonators, 10- sheet metals, 11- sky steamed stuffed bun bullets, 12- fire
Medicine, 13- support elements, the 14- fires in a stove before fuel is added.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
Flashing X-ray machine operating voltage is from hundred kV to several MV, and exposure is from several mR to hundreds of R, and pulsewidth is in hundred ns hereinafter, its structure
At including mainly x-ray diode 3, high pressure ns impulse generators (clock), control system etc., wherein first two constitute sudden strain of a muscle
Light x-ray source (light source), high pressure ns pulsed drive X-ray tubes export flash X-ray when work.Always with high pressure ns pulse powers
Source system is made of Marx generators, pulse transmission line, accelerator etc., and the common trait of these clocks is to pass through complexity
Huge device, the high energy pulse for AC or DC electric energy being transformed into moment export, they occupy entire x-ray source device
90% with upper volume and cost, when seriously constraining the application and development of X-ray machine, such as wishing continuous impulse output, due to
Device is too big, it is impossible to be exported using more table apparatus sequences.On working service, also very cumbersome fatigue, especially middle energy
Flashing X-ray machine more than (500kV).
Therefore, the miniaturization of flashing X-ray machine, low cost, mainly reduce flashing X-ray machine in clock volume and at
This, is always one of important development research direction of pulse X-ray machine, but the most of of miniaturization process are only constituting pulse generation
Their power density is pursued in effort on the energy-storage travelling wave tube of device, thus effect is little.
For the problem that pulse volume source is big, cost is high in existing flash of light X machines, the present invention provides a kind of flashing X-ray machine
Method except common clock makes clock not only there was only compact, of low cost, while without by external exchange/straight
Stream power conversion can drive x-ray diode 3, and flash X-ray.
The present invention drives X-ray diode using Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator 1, generates flash X-ray.Although
The amplitude of the quick-fried 1 generation pulse of electric transducing impulse generator of ferroelectricity meets the requirement in flash X-ray source, but pulse width does not meet and wants
It asks, the distance passed by ferroelectric ceramics due to being decided by explosion wave, by ferroelectric ceramics thickness and blast impulse wave velocity
(4mm/ μ s) is limited, and pulse width is usually in several microseconds, and the driving pulse in flash X-ray source requires width usually in 200ns
Below.Therefore must the quick-fried electricity of ferroelectricity be changed the output of impulse generator again becomes burst pulse from broad pulse, complete pulse compression or
Width is converted, and invention is again quick-fried electric transducing generator and a unexplosive power pulse regulating device --- and vector inverting is sent out
Raw device (also known as hurricane band impulse generator 2) is combined, and obtains driving 3 required high pressure ns pulse powers of x-ray diode
Source.
As shown in Figure 1, Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator 1, it includes PZT ferroelectric ceramics 6, positive electrode 5, negative electrode
4 and plane percussion mechanism, positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 4 are arranged at the both ends of PZT ferroelectric ceramics 6, and plane is arranged in 4 lower section of negative electrode
Percussion mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, planar impact device includes explosive 8 and detonator 9,4 lower section of negative electrode
Explosive 8 is set, and explosive 8 is connected with detonator 9.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, planar impact device includes sheet metal 10, empty steamed stuffed bun bullet 11, gunpowder
12 and the fire in a stove before fuel is added 14, the fire in a stove before fuel is added 14 connect with gunpowder 12, empty steamed stuffed bun bullet 11 is set on gunpowder 12, sheet metal is set on empty steamed stuffed bun bullet 11
10, sheet metal 10 is located between negative electrode 4 and empty steamed stuffed bun bullet 11.
In a preferred embodiment, PZT ferroelectric ceramics 6, positive electrode 5, negative electrode 4 and the setting of plane percussion mechanism are being propped up
In support member 13, positive electrode 5 and plane percussion mechanism are arranged at the both ends of support element 13.
Based on the flash X-ray generation device of Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator 1, including Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing arteries and veins
Rush generator 1, hurricane band impulse generator 2 and x-ray diode 3；
Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator 1 includes PZT ferroelectric ceramics 6, positive electrode 5, negative electrode 4 and planar impact dress
It sets, positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 4 are arranged at the both ends of PZT ferroelectric ceramics 6, and planar impact device is arranged in 4 lower section of negative electrode；
As shown in figure 5, hurricane band impulse generator 2 includes conductive film and insulation film, conductive film and insulation film
Intersection is rolled into cylinder after stacking, and forms an open strip transmission line, round cross section helically linear；
Hurricane band impulse generator 2 drives x-ray diode 3.
In a preferred embodiment, PZT ferroelectric ceramics 6 is 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics of PZT；Electricdomain in ceramics is added by
The direction of electric field aligns, and forms remanent polarization about 32uC/cm2。
In a preferred embodiment, negative electrode 4 is connected and is grounded with the cathode of x-ray diode 3；
Positive electrode 5 connects conductive film, and conductive film connects the anode of x-ray diode 3；
Insulation film is grounded, and connects one end of arrester switch 7, another termination positive electrode 5 of arrester switch 7.
Based on the flash X-ray production method of Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator 1, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator 1 is set；
Step 2：Hurricane band impulse generator 2 is set；
Step 3：Use the quick-fried electrical pulse source of ferroelectric ceramics as the primary supplies power supply of hurricane band impulse generator 2.Quick-fried electricity changes
The energy impulse source output pulse width time is larger (μ s), flash of light width (ns) requirement of flashing X-ray machine is not met, can generate ns
Clock of the spiral pulse generator of pulse as driving x-ray diode 3, using quick-fried electric transducing clock as spiral pulse
The primary energy of generator, i.e. direct current constant-current charging power in Fig. 5.By the combination of this length-short pulse generator,
It obtains meeting requirement of the flashing X-ray machine to clock.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 1, ferroelectric ceramics is 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics of PZT to have polarized, in ceramics
Electricdomain aligned along the direction of applied field, form remanent polarization about 32 μ C/cm2, rushed when encountering high intensity in short-term
When hitting pressure effect, such as under shock wave, when pressure meets depolarising condition value, the portion of shock wave process in ceramics
Point, remanent polarization just disappears, and releases bound charge, and charge flows through external circuit, forms electric current.Fig. 3 is shock wave
PZT95/5 ceramics impulsive discharge schematic diagram of the direction of propagation under the operating mode of remanent polarization direction, i.e. PZT ceramics
Discharge process under shock wave load, wherein x0It is along the thickness of the ceramics in the directions residual polarization Pr, z0It is along shock wave
The height of the ceramics of the direction of propagation, y0It is along not only perpendicular to residual polarization direction Pr but also perpendicular to the pottery of shock motion direction D
The length (not marked in Fig. 3) of porcelain flows through the electric current I of external circuit load0For：
In formula：PrThe remanent polarization of-PZT95/5 ceramics；
The spread speed of D-shock wave, about 4.1km/s；
y0、z0- it is ceramic electrical pole-face size, wherein z0It is the distance that shock wave is propagated along ceramics；
τ=z0Propagation time of/D-the shock wave in ceramics；
T-output pulse current width.
Formula (1) indicates that the PZT-95/5 ceramics under shock wave load are a pulsed constant current supplies, then arteries and veins is obtained in load
Rush voltage U0=I0R, when load is capacitance, then U0=I0t/C.The PZT95/5 Pulased power supply units that Fig. 4 is, by planar impact
Device (detonator 9 and explosive 8), PZT95/5 ceramic components and embedding medium three parts composition.Planar impact device is PZT95/5
The pulse transducing of ceramics provides energy input；The shock wave of almost plane is generated in PZT95/5 ceramics and Embedding Material；Design
Shock wave pressure meet the condition of PZT95/5 ceramics the depolarization discharges of causing, ceramics will be made fully to release constraint
Charge.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, hurricane band impulse generator 2 realizes high-voltage nanosecond pulse, hurricane band
The pulse width and amplitude that impulse generator 2 exports can be adjusted, and for generating high pressure ns pulses, energy-storage units can be low
Voltage to 1V stores charge, and can be discharged with the peak value of pulse higher than storage voltage；Hurricane band impulse generator shown in fig. 5
2 or vector inverting impulse generator schematic diagram.Hurricane band impulse generator 2 includes that two panels conductive film and two panels are electrically insulated
Film, they intersect stack after be rolled into cylinder, form an open strip transmission line, wind the cross section of cylinder helically line
Strip；Helix outer ring beginning line-to-line simultaneously connects direct current perseverance charge power supply and an arrester switch 7S, and terminal outside line is high pressure
Pulse output end, interior lines are vacant.
When work, DC constant flowing power forms line capacitor C to roll-leaf piece and charges to voltage U=It/C (I charging electricity
Stream, t charging time), it is then shut off arrester switch 7S, then discharges and generates an electromagnetic wave for being originated from switch S, along transmission line
It propagates, with the propagation of wave, electrostatic field is converted into electromagnetic field, electromagnetic wave is incited somebody to action when line end reflection is returned along road
Electromagnetic field converts back electrostatic field, so back and forth；If do not considered to be lost, when the charging time is t, transmission line charging voltage is U, resonable
The high-voltage pulse exported in the case of thinking is：
Ut0≤t≤2 U=n (1/ τ)；
In formula:The time required to τ-voltage wave passes to terminal from switch；
εr- relative dielectric constant；
The diameter of D-spiral-shaped transmission line；
N-vector logarithm or the spiral generator number of turns；
As t=2 τ, voltage pulse reaches maximum value UOmax=2nU, rise time are equal to 2 τ and export pulse, appear in spiral shell
Revolve the output end of tape pulse generator 2.The advantages of system, is that its simplicity and it generate rise time of pulse and short (receive
Second).
In a preferred embodiment, it is illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the quick-fried electric transducing impulse generator of ferroelectric ceramics 1
Positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 4 are separately connected the positive polarity input terminal and negative input of hurricane band impulse generator 2, spiral dai channel
The positive grade output end and negative polarity output for rushing generator 2, are separately connected the cathode and anode of X-ray diode.
The primary energy that quick-fried electricity transducing impulse generator 11 is used as in the quick-fried susceptance second system of the present invention, the length that it is exported
Pulse (normally about 4 μ s) constant current charges to 2 transmission line of hurricane band impulse generator, when voltage rises to arrester switch 7
Breakdown voltage threshold when, switch breakdown, hurricane band impulse generator 2 export high-voltage nanosecond pulse (bandpass control exists
In 100ns), which drives x-ray diode 3, makes its (pulse) X-ray that flashes.
Use a super-pressure nanosecond pulse system exploded completely as the clock of flashing X-ray machine, in addition to clock
Small outer, quick-fried electric pulse generator is mainly by a small amount of explosive 8 (one gram or less), detonator 9 (also shouldn't) and ferroelectricity in system
Potsherd is constituted, so not only substantially reducing flashing X-ray volume source, while greatly reducing cost (including use cost),
And the clock in flashing X-ray machine is made to eliminate the reliance on external AC/DC power supply conversion.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that all
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made by within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc. should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, it is characterised in that：It includes PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electrode, negative electrode peace
Face percussion mechanism, positive electrode and negative electrode, which are arranged below the both ends of PZT ferroelectric ceramics, negative electrode, is arranged planar impact device.
2. Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The planar impact dress
It sets including explosive and detonator, explosive is arranged in negative electrode lower section, and explosive is connected with detonator.
3. Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The planar impact dress
It sets and connect with gunpowder including sheet metal, empty steamed stuffed bun bullet, gunpowder and the fire in a stove before fuel is added, the fire in a stove before fuel is added, setting sky steamed stuffed bun bullet on gunpowder, on empty steamed stuffed bun bullet
Sheet metal is set, and sheet metal is located between negative electrode and empty steamed stuffed bun bullet.
4. Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electricity
Pole, negative electrode and plane percussion mechanism are arranged in support element, and positive electrode and plane percussion mechanism are arranged at the both ends of support element.
5. the flash X-ray generation device based on Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, it is characterised in that：Including Ferroelectric Explosive
Electric transducing impulse generator, hurricane band impulse generator and x-ray diode；
Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator includes PZT ferroelectric ceramics, positive electrode, negative electrode and plane percussion mechanism, positive electricity
Pole and negative electrode, which are arranged below the both ends of PZT ferroelectric ceramics, negative electrode, is arranged planar impact device；
Hurricane band impulse generator includes conductive film and insulation film, and conductive film and insulation film intersection are rolled into circle after stacking
Cylinder forms an open strip transmission line, round cross section helically linear；
Hurricane band impulse generator drives x-ray diode to generate flash X-ray.
6. flash X-ray generation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：PZT ferroelectric ceramics is 95/5 iron of PZT
Electroceramics；Electricdomain in ceramics is aligned along the direction of applied field, and it is about 32uC/cm to form remanent polarization value2。
7. flash X-ray generation device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Negative electrode, hurricane band outer layer conductive thin
Film, x-ray diode cathode three be connected and be grounded；
Positive electrode connects hurricane band inner layer conductive film, and conductive film connects the anode of x-ray diode；
Outer layer conductive film is grounded, and connects one end of arrester switch, and another termination positive electrode and internal layer of arrester switch are led
Conductive film.
8. the flash X-ray production method based on Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator, which is characterized in that it includes following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Ferroelectric Explosive electricity transducing impulse generator is set；
Step 2：Hurricane band impulse generator is set；
Step 3：Use the quick-fried electrical pulse source of ferroelectric ceramics as the primary supplies power supply of hurricane band impulse generator.
9. flash X-ray production method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In step 1, ferroelectric ceramics is polarization
PZT 95/5 ferroelectric ceramics, the electricdomain in ceramics aligns along the direction of applied field, forms remanent polarization about
32 μ C/cm2, when encountering high-strength impact pressure effect in short-term, when pressure meets depolarising condition value, shock wave in ceramics
The part of process, remanent polarization just disappear, and release bound charge, and charge flows through external circuit, forms electric current；Impact
It is negative to flow through external circuit for PZT95/5 ceramics impulsive discharge of the direction of wave travel under the operating mode of remanent polarization direction
The electric current I of load0For：
In formula：PrThe remanent polarization of-PZT95/5 ceramics；
The spread speed of D-shock wave, about 4.1km/s；
y0、z0- it is ceramic electrical pole-face size, wherein z0It is the distance that shock wave is propagated along ceramics；
τ=z0Propagation time of/D-the shock wave in ceramics；
T-output pulse current width；
Formula (1) indicates that the PZT-95/5 ceramics under shock wave load are a pulsed constant current supplies, then pulse electricity is obtained in load
Press U0=I0R, when load is capacitance, then U0=I0t/C；The shock wave of a plane is generated in PZT95/5 ceramics；Design
Shock wave pressure meet the condition of PZT95/5 ceramics the depolarization discharges of causing, ceramics will be made fully to release constraint
Charge.
10. flash X-ray production method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In step 2, spiral tape pulse hair
Raw device realizes high-voltage nanosecond pulse, and the pulse width and amplitude of the output of hurricane band impulse generator can be adjusted, for generating
High pressure ns pulses, energy-storage units can store charge down to the voltage of 1V, and can be put with the peak value of pulse higher than storage voltage
Electricity；Hurricane band impulse generator includes two panels rectangular conductive film and two panels insulation film, and insulation film and conductive film intersect
It is rolled into cylinder after stacking, forms an open strip transmission line, the cross section for winding cylinder is in two helix strips arranged side by side；
The line-to-line of the outermost circle beginning of two side-by-side helix lines simultaneously connects direct current perseverance charge power supply and an arrester switch S, spiral
An outside line for enclosing terminal is high-voltage pulse output end inside line, and interior lines are vacant；
When work, DC constant flowing power charges to voltage U=It/C (I charging currents, t to spiral yarn shaped at line capacitor C
Charging time), it is then shut off arrester switch S, then discharges and generates an electromagnetic wave for being originated from switch S, propagated along transmission line,
With the propagation of wave, electrostatic field is converted into electromagnetic field, electromagnetic wave is when line end reflection is returned along road, and by electromagnetic field
Electrostatic field is converted back, so back and forth；When charging time is t, transmission line charging voltage is U, and the high-voltage pulse of output is：
Ut0≤t≤2 U=n (1/ τ)；
In formula:The time required to τ-voltage wave passes to terminal from switch；
εr- relative dielectric constant；
The diameter of D-spiral-shaped transmission line；
N-vector logarithm or the spiral generator number of turns；
As t=2 τ, voltage pulse reaches maximum value UOmax=2nU, rise time are equal to 2 τ and export pulse, appear in hurricane band
The output end of impulse generator.
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| CN108696976A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-10-23 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A kind of mobile X-ray unit of ferroelectric power supply driving |
| CN111371435A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-03 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Explosive power source application of multilayer ferroelectric thin film stack |
| CN111627785A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Electrode structure for generating pulse point light source |
| CN112629328A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-09 | 刘诗林 | Small-caliber wide-band electromagnetic pulse radiation device |
| CN113381740A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-09-10 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司呼伦贝尔供电公司 | Compact hybrid isolation Marx pulse generator for plasma discharge |
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| CN113381740A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-09-10 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司呼伦贝尔供电公司 | Compact hybrid isolation Marx pulse generator for plasma discharge |
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