CN108322198B - Control system and method of bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply - Google Patents

Control system and method of bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply Download PDF

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CN108322198B
CN108322198B CN201810138634.1A CN201810138634A CN108322198B CN 108322198 B CN108322198 B CN 108322198B CN 201810138634 A CN201810138634 A CN 201810138634A CN 108322198 B CN108322198 B CN 108322198B
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pulse
voltage
module
positive
negative pulse
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CN108322198A (en
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张小宁
刘颖
樊瑞
李晓焕
张军
屠震涛
向红丽
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Xi'an Smart Maple Electronic Technology Co ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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Xi'an Smart Maple Electronic Technology Co ltd
Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/22—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral
    • H03K5/24—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral the characteristic being amplitude
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/22—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral
    • H03K5/26—Circuits having more than one input and one output for comparing pulses or pulse trains with each other according to input signal characteristics, e.g. slope, integral the characteristic being duration, interval, position, frequency, or sequence

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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a control system and a method of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply, which control the switch time sequence in a solid switch group module through control modules in a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to obtain the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply with flexibly adjustable positive/negative pulse rising time and falling time, time interval between positive pulse and negative pulse in one period, positive/negative pulse voltage, positive/negative pulse width, pulse frequency and pulse number. The parameter-adjustable bipolar pulse realized by the invention has very important significance for researching the mechanism and application of nanosecond pulse discharge.

Description

Control system and method of bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bipolar pulse regulation and control, and particularly relates to a control system and a control method of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply.
Background
The gas discharge driven by the high-voltage pulse power supply has important and wide application prospects in the fields of material science, energy and environment, biomedicine, military affairs, space science and the like. In the simulation research of the atmospheric pressure pulse dielectric barrier discharge, the discovery[1]In the bipolar pulse discharging process, the positive half-cycle discharging is basically the same as the unipolar positive pulse, and the falling edge second discharging is slightly lower than the first discharging; the negative half-cycle discharge can be at a lower power than the unipolar negative pulseThe field occurs because of the interaction between the positive and negative pulse discharges, the positive half-cycle discharge produces a large number of charged particles that do not completely disappear at the beginning of the negative half-cycle discharge, so that the electron density of the entire discharge space is very high and therefore does not require a negative voltage that is so high.
The existing nanosecond pulse source at home and abroad is mainly adjustable in nanosecond pulse frequency and amplitude, all parameters such as rising/falling time, frequency, amplitude, duty ratio, pulse number, waveform shape and the like of the pulse cannot be controlled in a non-relevant mode, the load characteristic matching is poor, the discharging result is difficult to control, the systematic discharging characteristic and rule of nanosecond pulse discharging are difficult to obtain, and consensus is difficult to form for explaining the nanosecond pulse discharging mechanism. For example, in the field of energy and chemical engineering, pulse sources and loads are difficult to match, continuous flow and surge flow control cannot be obtained in the field of aerospace, and the dose of active particles generated by discharge cannot be accurately controlled in the field of biomedicine. Therefore, the parameter-adjustable nanosecond pulse source becomes the bottleneck of the development and application of the nanosecond pulse discharge plasma in the national defense and civil fields.
[1] Leaf exchange, atmospheric pressure pulse dielectric barrier discharge simulation study under faller electrode [ D ]. university of major graduates, 2014.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control system and a control method of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a control system of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply comprises a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit which are connected in series, wherein the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is composed of a series of high-voltage positive pulse modules, the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit is composed of a series of high-voltage negative pulse modules, each high-voltage positive pulse module comprises a positive pulse control module, a positive pulse switch module and a positive pulse energy storage module, and the positive pulse control module controls the conduction or the disconnection of each switch in the positive pulse switch modules to determine the charging or the discharging of the positive pulse energy storage module; the high-voltage negative pulse module comprises a negative pulse control module, a negative pulse switch module and a negative pulse energy storage module, wherein the negative pulse control module determines the charge or discharge of the negative pulse energy storage module by controlling the on or off of each switch in the negative pulse switch module; the device for generating the bipolar high-voltage pulse further comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module used for providing high-voltage direct-current input for the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module, the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is isolated from the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module, a low-voltage direct-current power supply module used for providing working voltage for the positive pulse control module, the negative pulse control module, the positive pulse switch module, the negative pulse switch module and the high-voltage direct-current power supply module, and a parameter input module connected with the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module, and the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module are used for adjusting parameters of the bipolar high-voltage pulse.
Further, one duty cycle for generating the bipolar pulse includes four phases, which are: firstly, a high-voltage positive pulse module and a high-voltage negative pulse module are both in a charging state, and a circuit outputs a zero level; the high-voltage positive pulse module is in a discharging state, the high-voltage negative pulse module is in a charging state, and the circuit outputs high-voltage positive pulses; the high-voltage positive pulse module and the high-voltage negative pulse module are both in a charging state, and the circuit outputs zero level; fourthly, the high-voltage negative pulse module is in a discharging state, the high-voltage positive pulse module is in a charging state, and the circuit outputs high-voltage negative pulses; the four stages can be combined randomly, but at least the stage I or the stage III must be separated between the stages II and III, the time between the stage II and the stage IV is controlled, and the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period can be adjusted.
Further, the parameters of the bipolar high voltage pulse include the frequency of the bipolar high voltage pulse, the width of the positive/negative pulse, the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse within one cycle, the rising time and the falling time of the positive/negative pulse, the voltage amplitude of the positive/negative pulse, and the number of pulses to be output, and the parameters of the bipolar high voltage pulse can be continuously adjusted.
Further, the method for adjusting the rising time and the falling time of the positive pulse specifically comprises the following steps: the positive pulse control module generates a specific positive pulse control signal according to the rising time and falling time parameters of a positive pulse input by the parameter input module, and the positive pulse control module of the h-level high-voltage positive pulse generation circuit distributes different on-off starting time, duration and ending time to h switch groups, wherein h is 1,2, 3, 4, …, 2m-1, and h switch groups are sequentially switched on or off according to a certain time sequence to obtain positive pulses with different rising time and falling time;
the method for adjusting the rising time and the falling time of the negative pulse comprises the following specific steps: the negative pulse control module generates a specific negative pulse control signal according to the rising time and the falling time parameters of the negative pulse input by the parameter input module, and the negative pulse control module of the j-stage high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit distributes different on-off starting time, duration and ending time to the j switch groups, wherein j is 1,2, 3, 4, … and 2m-1, h + j is 2m, and the j switch groups are sequentially switched on or off according to a certain time sequence to obtain the negative pulse with different rising time and falling time.
Further, the method for adjusting the voltage amplitude of the positive pulse specifically comprises the following steps: when a high-voltage direct-current power supply is externally added, the positive pulse control module generates a specific control signal according to the voltage amplitude of the positive pulse input by the parameter input module, and controls the high-voltage direct-current power supply module to output a certain voltage to reach the voltage amplitude required by the positive pulse;
the method for adjusting the voltage amplitude of the negative pulse specifically comprises the following steps: when a high-voltage direct-current power supply is externally added, the negative pulse control module generates a specific control signal according to the voltage amplitude of the negative pulse input by the parameter input module, and controls the high-voltage direct-current power supply module to output a certain voltage to achieve the voltage amplitude required by the negative pulse.
Further, the method for adjusting the frequency of the bipolar high-voltage pulse comprises the following steps: the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module generate control signals with different frequencies according to the bipolar pulse frequency input by the parameter input module, and respectively control the switch groups in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to enable the bipolar high-voltage pulse to be continuously generated according to a specific frequency.
Further, the method for adjusting the positive pulse width comprises the following steps: in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, after all working switch groups are completely switched on, the same switching-on time is maintained, and then the switch-off is started according to a certain sequence, so that the high-voltage positive pulse has the required pulse width;
the method for adjusting the negative pulse width comprises the following steps: in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, after all working switch groups are completely switched on, the same on-time is maintained, and then the switch groups are switched off according to a certain sequence, so that the high-voltage negative pulse has the required pulse width.
Further, the method for adjusting the number of output pulses specifically comprises the following steps: if the parameter input module is provided with the determined pulse number, when the counters in the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module count the target pulse number, the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module respectively control the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to stop generating pulses, so that the required pulse number is output; if the parameter input module does not set the pulse number or the set pulse number exceeds the allowable range, the circuit outputs infinite pulses.
Further, the positive pulse width, the rising time and the falling time of the positive pulse and the voltage amplitude of the positive pulse are adjusted by changing the working state of a switch in the positive pulse switch module through the positive pulse control module; the negative pulse width, the rising time and the falling time of the negative pulse and the voltage amplitude of the negative pulse are adjusted by changing the working state of a switch in the negative pulse switch module through the negative pulse control module.
Furthermore, the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module are field programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, complex programmable logic devices, single-chip microcomputers, digital signal processing chips, ARM processors or computers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the control system and the method of the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply, the solid switch modules of each stage can be independently controlled, the programmable control module can accurately control and compensate the on-off time difference between MOSFET devices and the switch time sequence of different stages of MOSFETs, so that the rising/falling time of the output positive/negative pulse, the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period, the positive/negative pulse voltage, the positive/negative pulse width, the pulse frequency, the pulse number and other parameters can be continuously adjusted, the safe and reliable work of the circuit can be realized, and the requirements of different pulse discharge researches can be met.
In addition, the invention can obtain accurate pulse waveform for carrying out discharge mechanism, discharge characteristic and other application basic research. Research results obtained by different researchers in the similar research can be compared, and the atmospheric pressure pulse plasma discharge mechanism and application research can be greatly promoted. The pulse source with alternate positive and negative pulses is favorable for finding some new phenomena, new characteristics and new rules of pulse discharge in pulse plasma discharge research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply control method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing all adjustable parameters of the bipolar high voltage pulse of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the bipolar high voltage pulse power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switch set in the high voltage positive pulse generating circuit, in which some of the high side switches are in the conducting state and the conduction start time interval is non-uniformly distributed;
FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switch set in the high voltage positive pulse generating circuit, in which all the high side switches are in the conducting state and the conducting start time interval is uniformly distributed;
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switch set in the high voltage negative pulse generating circuit, in which some of the low side switches are in the conducting state and the conduction start time interval is non-uniformly distributed;
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switch set in the high voltage negative pulse generating circuit, in which all the low side switches are in the conducting state and the conducting start time interval is uniformly distributed;
FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of the operation of a switch set in which some of the high-side switches are in an OFF state and the turn-off start time intervals are distributed non-uniformly in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit;
FIG. 9 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switch set in the high voltage positive pulse generating circuit, in which all the high side switches are in the off state and the turn-off start time intervals are distributed evenly;
FIG. 10 is a timing diagram of the operation of the switch groups in the high voltage undershoot generation circuit, in which some of the low side switches are in the OFF state and the turn-off start time intervals are distributed non-uniformly;
fig. 11 is a timing chart of the operation of the switch group in the high voltage negative pulse generating circuit, in which all the low side switches are in the off state and the turn-off start time intervals are evenly distributed.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a control system of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply includes a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit connected in series, where the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is composed of a series of high-voltage positive pulse modules, the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit is composed of a series of high-voltage negative pulse modules, the high-voltage positive pulse modules include a positive pulse control module, a positive pulse switch module and a positive pulse energy storage module, and the positive pulse control module determines charging or discharging of the positive pulse energy storage module by controlling on or off of each switch in the positive pulse switch module; the high-voltage negative pulse module comprises a negative pulse control module, a negative pulse switch module and a negative pulse energy storage module, wherein the negative pulse control module determines the charge or discharge of the negative pulse energy storage module by controlling the on or off of each switch in the negative pulse switch module; the device for generating the bipolar high-voltage pulse further comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module used for providing high-voltage direct-current input for the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module, the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is isolated from the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module, a low-voltage direct-current power supply module used for providing working voltage for the positive pulse control module, the negative pulse control module, the positive pulse switch module, the negative pulse switch module and the high-voltage direct-current power supply module, and a parameter input module connected with the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module, and the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module are used for adjusting parameters of the bipolar high-voltage pulse.
Referring to fig. 2, according to the control system and method of the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply of the invention, all continuous or discontinuous adjustability of parameters including the rising time and falling time of the positive/negative pulse, the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period, the positive/negative pulse voltage, the positive/negative pulse width, the pulse frequency and the pulse number can be realized.
The positive pulse switch module comprises an h-level switch group, the negative pulse switch module comprises a j-level switch group, h is more than or equal to 1, j is more than or equal to 1, h + j is 2m, the 2 m-level switch group is in suspension cascade connection, and each level of switch group comprises a high-end solid-state switch KaiAnd a low-side solid-state switch KbiWherein, i is 1,2, …, 2m high-end solid-state switch KaiAnd a low-side solid-state switch KbiThe connected node is the high-voltage output Vout of each stage of switch group, and the ground end GND of each stage of switch group is the low-end solid-state switch KbiThe power supply end Vp of each stage of switch group is a high-end solid-state switch KaiThe other end of the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is higher than the first-stage switch group SWh+1Ground terminal GND and lower stage switch group SWhIs directly connected, wherein h is 1,2, 3, …,2 m; in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, a higher-stage switch group SWj+1Power supply terminal Vp and low primary switch set SWjIs directly connected with the power output terminal Vout, wherein j ═ 1,2, 3, …, 2m, and h ≠ j, high-side solid-state switch KaiThe switch is one switch or a plurality of switches, and the switches are connected in parallel or in series; low-side solid-state switchKbiThe switch is one switch or a plurality of switches, and the switches are connected in parallel or in series, and the high-end solid-state switch K of each stage of switch groupaiAnd a low-side solid-state switch KbiCan be turned off at the same time but cannot be turned on at the same time.
The front half part of the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit consists of a high-voltage positive pulse module, and the rear half part of the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit consists of a high-voltage negative pulse module; or the front half part of the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit consists of a high-voltage negative pulse module, and the rear half part of the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit consists of a high-voltage positive pulse module; or the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit is formed by randomly interleaving and cascading a high-voltage positive pulse module and a high-voltage negative pulse module, namely each stage of the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit is the high-voltage positive pulse module or the high-voltage negative pulse module, but at least one stage of the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuit is a module different from other stages, and the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is isolated from the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module through a transformer or an unidirectional conducting device; when the unidirectional conducting device is adopted for isolation, in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, the unidirectional conducting device is connected between the output high end of the high-voltage direct current power supply module and the input high end of the positive pulse energy storage module; in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, a one-way conduction device is connected between the output low end of a high-voltage direct-current power supply module and the input low end of a negative pulse energy storage module.
The key devices for realizing the method are a parameter input module, a control module, a solid switch group module and a high-voltage direct-current power supply module. The control module generates corresponding control signals according to the input bipolar pulse parameters, controls each switch in the solid switch group to realize the adjustment of the bipolar pulse parameters, and realizes the adjustment of the waveform parameters of the output bipolar high-voltage pulses by controlling the working state of each switch in the solid switch group modules cascaded in a suspension mode. The bipolar high-voltage pulse waveform parameters comprise the frequency of the bipolar high-voltage pulse, the width (duty ratio) of positive/negative pulses, the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period, the rising time and the falling time of the positive/negative pulse, the width of the positive/negative pulse, the output pulse number and the like, the parameters can be adjusted in a certain step length within an allowable range, and in the bipolar high-voltage pulse, the positive pulse waveform parameters can be adjusted by changing the switching state in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit through the control module; the control method provided by the invention can control bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuits with different structures, for example, the bipolar high-voltage pulse circuit can be structurally characterized in that the front part consists of a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, and the rear part consists of a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit; the front part can be composed of a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, and the rear part can be composed of a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit. The control module for generating the control signal can be a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a singlechip, a digital signal processing chip (DSP), an ARM processor, a computer and the like, each switch in the solid switch group module is provided with a fixed control end, the switch enters a corresponding working state by receiving the control signal sent by the control module, and the control signal received by the solid switch group module can be periodic or aperiodic; the partial period may be periodic or aperiodic.
The control module controls the high-end switch K in each switch groupaiAnd a low-side switch KbiThe solid switch group module can be turned off at the same time, but cannot be turned on at the same time, and under the control of the control module, the switch groups in the solid switch group module can have different turn-on and turn-off starting time, duration time and ending time, and can also have the same turn-on and turn-off starting time, duration time and ending time, so that the control of the working time sequence of each switch is realized. The first on switch may be first off, or may not be first off.
One working cycle of the bipolar pulse can be divided into four working stages, which are respectively: firstly, a high-voltage positive pulse module and a high-voltage negative pulse module are both in a charging state; the high-voltage positive pulse module is in a discharging state, and the high-voltage negative pulse module is in a charging state; the high-voltage positive pulse module and the high-voltage negative pulse module are both in a charging state; and fourthly, the high-voltage negative pulse module is in a discharging state, and the high-voltage positive pulse module is in a charging state. The four stages can be combined arbitrarily, but at least one high-voltage positive pulse module and one high-voltage negative pulse module are in the charging stage between the stages two and four. The time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period can be adjusted by controlling the length of the period. The time interval between the positive and negative pulses may be the same or different in different periods.
The control module generates a specific positive pulse control signal according to the set rising time and falling time parameters of the positive pulse, the control module of the h-level (h is 1,2, 3, 4, …, 2m-1) high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit distributes different starting time, duration and ending time of connection and disconnection to the h switch groups, and the h switch groups are sequentially connected or disconnected according to a certain time sequence to obtain the positive pulse with different rising time and falling time. The rising time and the falling time of the positive pulse can be adjusted in a certain step length; the control module generates a specific negative pulse control signal according to the set rising time and falling time parameters of the negative pulse, the control module of the j-stage (j is 1,2, 3, 4, …, 2m-1, wherein h + j is 2m) high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit allocates different starting time, duration and ending time of connection and disconnection to the j switch groups, and the j switch groups are sequentially connected or disconnected according to a certain time sequence to obtain the negative pulse with different rising time and falling time. The rise time and fall time of the negative pulse are adjustable in steps. The rising time and the falling time of the positive pulse and the negative pulse can be the same or different.
When the rising edge and the falling edge of the positive pulse are generated, all the h high-voltage positive pulse modules can be in a discharging working stage, or only part of the h high-voltage positive pulse modules can be in the discharging working stage; the delay distribution mode of the rising time and the falling time of each high-voltage positive pulse module can be uniform distribution or non-uniform distribution; when the rising edge and the falling edge of the negative pulse are generated, the j high-voltage negative pulse modules can be in a discharging working stage, or only part of the j high-voltage negative pulse modules can be in the discharging working stage; the delay distribution mode of the rising time and the falling time of each high-voltage negative pulse module can be uniform distribution or non-uniform distribution.
When a high-voltage direct-current power supply is externally added, the positive pulse control module generates a specific control signal according to the voltage amplitude of the required positive pulse, each switch group is controlled to generate a certain voltage, and the voltage amplitudes required by the positive pulse are achieved by overlapping of the positive pulse switch groups. The voltage amplitude of the positive pulse is continuously adjustable. When a direct-current high-voltage power supply is externally added, the negative pulse control module generates a specific control signal according to the voltage amplitude of the required negative pulse, each switch group is controlled to generate certain voltage, and the voltage amplitude required by the negative pulse is achieved by overlapping the negative pulse switch groups. The voltage amplitude of the negative pulse is continuously adjustable. The voltage amplitudes of the positive and negative pulses may be the same or different.
When positive pulses with certain voltage amplitude are generated, all the h high-voltage positive pulse modules can be in a discharging working stage, or only part of the h high-voltage positive pulse modules can be in the discharging working stage; the voltage amplitude parameters of each high-voltage positive pulse module can be distributed uniformly or non-uniformly; when negative pulses with certain voltage amplitude are generated, the j high-voltage negative pulse modules can be in a discharging working stage, or only part of the j high-voltage negative pulse modules can be in the discharging working stage; the voltage amplitude parameters of each high-voltage negative pulse module can be distributed uniformly or non-uniformly.
The control module generates control signals with different frequencies according to the required bipolar pulse frequency, and controls the switch groups in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to be periodically switched on and off, or be non-periodically switched on and off, or be switched on and off at any time interval, so that the bipolar high-voltage pulse is continuously generated according to the specific frequency. The frequency is adjustable in steps within the allowed range.
In the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, after all working switch groups are completely switched on, the same on-time is maintained, and then the switch groups are switched off according to a certain sequence, so that the high-voltage positive pulse can have the required pulse width. The width of the positive pulse is adjustable within a certain range and in certain steps. In the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, after all working switch groups are completely switched on, the same on-time is maintained, and then the switch groups are switched off according to a certain sequence, so that the high-voltage negative pulse has the required pulse width. The width of the negative pulse is adjustable within a certain range and in certain steps.
The control module can generate periodic control signals according to the set parameters, control the switch module to conduct periodic conduction and disconnection, and output periodic bipolar high-voltage pulses; if the determined pulse number is set, when the counter in the control module counts the target pulse number, the control module controls the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to stop generating pulses, so that the required pulse number is output. If the number of pulses is not set or the set number of pulses exceeds an allowable range, the circuit outputs an infinite number of pulses.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail:
the invention relates to a control method of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply, which realizes the adjustment of waveform parameters of bipolar high-voltage pulses by controlling the starting time, the duration time and the ending time of the connection and the disconnection of each switch in a switch module through a control module. Parameters of the bipolar high-voltage pulse, such as rising time and falling time of positive/negative pulses, frequency, positive/negative pulse width (duty ratio), time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period, positive/negative pulse voltage amplitude, output pulse number and the like, are controlled by a control signal generated by a control module, and finally the bipolar high-voltage pulse waveform with required characteristic parameters is output through a high-voltage circuit, as shown in fig. 1, in the first step, each parameter of the required bipolar pulse waveform is input into a parameter input module, in the second step, the control module in the high-voltage positive pulse generation circuit analyzes each parameter related to the positive pulse in the parameter input module and generates a corresponding control signal, and each switch in the solid switch group is provided with a control end for receiving the control signal. The control signal enables each switch in the solid switch group to be switched on and off according to a certain time sequence; the control module in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit analyzes various parameters related to the negative pulse in the parameter input module and generates corresponding control signals, each switch in the solid switch group is provided with a control end for receiving the control signals, and the control signals enable each switch in the solid switch group to be switched on and off according to a certain time sequence. And thirdly, the high-voltage direct-current power supply module charges an energy storage capacitor module connected with the solid switch group in parallel. And finally, voltage superposition of each stage of the high-voltage pulse circuit is carried out, and bipolar pulses with required waveform parameter characteristics are output at the last stage.
The bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply mainly comprises a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit. The high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit (h-stage, h-1, 2, 3, …, 2m-1) and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit (j-stage, j-1, 2, 3, …, 2m-1 and h + j-2 m) have 2m stages (m-1, 2, 3, 4, …, 500), and the 2m stages are connected together in a suspension cascade manner. The specific process of the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply control method is that waveform parameters of high-voltage positive pulses/negative pulses are input through a parameter input module, the control module generates certain control signals (2 m paths in total) according to the input parameters, each high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and each high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit are respectively provided with a solid switch group, and each switch in each solid switch group is provided with a control end for receiving the control signals. The control signal determines the charging and discharging state of the energy storage capacitor connected with the switch group in parallel by controlling the working state of each solid switch group. When the energy storage capacitor is in a charging state, the output of the stage circuit is at zero level; otherwise, if the stage circuit is a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, the stage circuit outputs a positive high voltage; if the stage circuit is a high voltage negative pulse generating circuit, the stage circuit outputs a negative high voltage. The output voltages of the 2 m-stage circuits are superposed to generate the bipolar pulse with the required waveform characteristic parameters.
The control method can change the switch state in the positive pulse generating circuit through the control module to adjust the waveform parameters of the positive pulse; the waveform parameter of the negative pulse can also be adjusted by changing the switch state in the negative pulse generating circuit through the control module. The control method is flexible, and bipolar high-voltage pulse waveforms with all adjustable parameters can be obtained.
The output of the bipolar pulse source is realized by the cooperation of the control module and the solid switch group module. The present invention will be described by taking the bipolar high voltage pulse circuit shown in fig. 3 as an example. The bipolar high-voltage pulse circuit shown in fig. 3 is composed of a m-level high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and a m-level high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit. 2m solid switch groups in the circuit are in suspension cascade connection, the high-voltage direct-current power supply charges the energy storage capacitor connected with each switch group in parallel, and the on and off of each switch group determine the charging and discharging state of the energy storage capacitor connected with the switch group in parallel. When the energy storage capacitor is in a charging state, the output of the stage circuit is at zero level; when the energy storage capacitor is in a non-charging state, if the stage circuit is a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, the stage circuit outputs a positive high voltage; if the stage circuit is a high voltage negative pulse generating circuit, the stage circuit outputs a negative high voltage. The high-voltage bipolar pulse finally output by the circuit can be controlled by controlling the working state of each switch.
In the control method, each parameter of the positive pulse waveform in the bipolar high-voltage pulse can be adjusted by changing the state of the corresponding switch through the control module in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit. In the bipolar high-voltage pulse, each parameter of the negative pulse waveform can be adjusted by changing the state of the corresponding switch through a control module in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit. The signal for controlling the switching timing of the 2m solid switch groups can be a periodic signal or a non-periodic signal; it may be a partially periodic signal or a partially aperiodic signal. Therefore, the output bipolar high-voltage pulse may be a periodic bipolar high-voltage pulse or an aperiodic bipolar high-voltage pulse; there may be a limited number of bipolar high voltage pulses or an unlimited number of high voltage pulses.
The following is a description with specific examples:
the flow of a control method of a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply is shown in fig. 1. The parameter input module is used for setting bipolar pulse parameters, such as a rising edge and a falling edge of a positive/negative pulse, a time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period, a positive/negative pulse voltage, a positive/negative pulse width, a pulse frequency, a pulse number and the like. The parameter input module sends each parameter to the control module of the power supply, the control module in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit generates a corresponding control signal according to the parameter of the sent positive pulse, the control module in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit generates a corresponding control signal according to the parameter of the sent negative pulse, and the control signal controls the starting time, the duration time and the ending time of the on-off of each switch in the solid switch group module. The high-voltage direct-current power supply is used for driving the solid switch groups, the on-off state of each group of switches determines the high-voltage output of the circuit, and the outputs of the 2 m-level circuits are superposed to generate bipolar pulses with required waveform parameter characteristics. Next, a specific procedure for adjusting each parameter of the bipolar high-voltage pulse will be described. The names of parameters or variables that may be used are as follows:
the total number of the solid switch groups and the number of paths of corresponding control signals is 2m (m is 2, 3, …, 500);
2m solid switch groups are respectively SW1，SW2，…，SWi(i＝1，2，3，4，……，1000)
The number of stages of the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the number m (m is 2, 3, …, 500) of the corresponding control signals;
the number of stages of the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit and the number m (m is 2, 3, …, 500) of the corresponding control signals;
intrinsic conduction delay t of each switch in solid state switch block module1；
Intrinsic turn-off delay t of each switch in solid state switch block module2；
Outputting positive pulse rising edge parameter Tp1；
Outputting positive pulse falling edge parameter Tp2；
Outputting negative pulse rising edge parameter Tn1；
Outputting negative pulse falling edge parameter Tn2；
A delay parameter tx (uniform delay distribution), txi (non-uniform delay distribution; i is 1,2, 3, 4, … …, 1000) for starting on or starting off of the switch group;
the positive pulse width parameter of the output is tp0；
The negative pulse width parameter of the output is tn0；
The frequency of the periodic bipolar pulse is f;
the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one cycle is tg。
The control module generates 2m paths of control signals, and the control signals are G respectively1，G2，…，G2mAnd respectively carrying out parameter control and distribution on each switch group in the solid switch group module. The control signal may be a single control signal containing all parameter information of the bipolar pulse, or may be a sum of a series of control signals each having each parameter information in one pulse period. The control signal controls the working state of each switch in the solid switch group, and the high-end switch K in the same switch groupaAnd a low-side switch KbMay be turned off at the same time but not turned on at the same time. In practical application, each switch is not ideal, the on and off are not instant, and the parameters of each switch cannot be completely the same, the switches used in the invention are all the same, the on delay of the switch is assumed to be a constant t1, the off delay of the switch is assumed to be a constant t2, all the switches in the solid switch group are assumed to be on when the control signal is high level, and the switch is off when the control signal is low level, that is, when the control signal G is high level1，G2，…，G2mAt high level, the high-side switch K in the solid-state switch group modulea1，Ka2，…，Ka2mConducting, corresponding low-side switch Kb1，Kb2，…，Kb2mTurning off; when control signalNumber G1，G2，…，G2mAt low level, the high-side switch K in the solid-state switch group modulea1，Ka2，…，Ka2mOff, corresponding low-side switch Kb1，Kb2，…，Kb2mAnd conducting.
According to the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply, each stage of switch group in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit outputs positive pulses when the high-end switch is switched on and the low-end switch is switched off; when the high-end switch is turned off and the low-end switch is turned on, the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is in a charging state. Each stage of switch group in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit is switched on at the low-end switch, and outputs negative pulses when the high-end switch is switched off; when the low-end switch is turned off and the high-end switch is turned on, the negative pulse circuit is in a charging state. In the following embodiments, the high side switches K in each switch groupaAnd a low-side switch KbThe control signals of (a) are inverted, so for convenience of explanation, only the operation timing of the high-side switch or the operation timing of the low-side switch is given in the embodiment.
The control of the parameters of the rise time and the fall time of the high-voltage positive pulse and the high-voltage negative pulse is actually the control of the conduction time sequence of the switch group module. Fig. 4 is a timing diagram of the operation of each switch set when a portion of the high-side switches in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit are in a conducting state and the conduction start time intervals are non-uniformly distributed. Setting the rise time of a positive pulse to Tp1(Tp1T1) in the control method shown in FIG. 4, only part (u-stage switch group, u ≦ m) of the m-stage positive pulse generating circuit is in working state for generating positive pulse, i.e. the control module delays the rising time by Tp1The high-side switch K of the first switch group is distributed to the u switch group modules through the time delay of tx1a1The opening is started, the conduction time delay is t1, namely K after the time of tx1+ t1a1And is completely conducted. High-side switch K of first switch groupa1After a time delay of tx2 after the start of opening, the high-side switch K of the second switch groupa2The high-side switch K of the second switch group starts to be opened, and the conduction time is t1, namely after the time of tx1+ tx2+ t1a2Complete guideThe method is simple. By analogy, from the high-side switch K of the first switch groupa1Starts to conduct to the high-side switch K of the u-th switch groupauAlso begins to open and is fully on for a time T1, which is the rise time T of the positive pulsep1I.e. Tp1Tx1+ tx2+ … … + txu + t 1. High-side switch K of u +1, u +2, …, m of circuita(u+1)，Ka(u+2)，…，KamIs always zero level in the whole process, and the m +1, m +2, … of the circuit and the high-end switch K in the 2 m-th stage circuita(m+1)，Ka(m+2)，…，Ka2mWhen t is 0, the negative pulse generating circuits are all in a charging state, and zero level is output.
As shown in fig. 5, when the rising edge of the positive pulse is generated, the high-side switch K in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuita1，Ka2，…，KamMay all be in a conducting state and the conduction start time interval is evenly distributed. The high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit has m stages, and when t is 0, the high-end switch K of the first switch groupa1The high-side switch K of the second switch group starts to be opened after a time delay txa2Starting to open, and then passing through a time delay tx, a high-end switch K of a third switch groupa3And starting to open, and repeating the steps, wherein after the time t is (m-1) × tx + t1, the high-end switches in all solid switch group modules in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit are completely conducted. If (m-1) × tx + T1 ═ T is satisfiedp1(wherein T isp1≥t1) The set positive pulse rise time can be achieved. High-end switch K in m +1, m +2, …, 2m stage circuita(m+1)，Ka(m+2)，…，Ka2mWhen t is 0, the negative pulse generating circuits are all in a charging state, and zero level is output.
The rising time parameter of the high-voltage negative pulse is adjusted according to the same principle as the rising time parameter of the positive pulse, and can be a low-end switch K in a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuitb(m+1)，Kb(m+2)，…，Kb2mThe sections are in an on state and the on start time intervals are non-uniformly distributed. Such asIn FIG. 6, the rise time of the negative pulse is set to Tn1Only part of the m-level negative pulse generating circuit (v-level switch group, v is less than or equal to m) is in a working state, and the control module controls the rising time Tn1The low-side switch K of the first stage of the negative pulse generating circuit, i.e. the (m + 1) th stage circuit is distributed to the v switch group modules and delayed by tx1b(m+1)The low-side switch K of the m +1 stage circuit after the time of tx1+ t1 starts to open and the conduction time is t1b(m+1)And is completely conducted. Low-side switch K of m +1 stage circuitb(m+1)After a time delay of tx2 after starting to turn on, the low-side switch K of the m +2 stage circuitb(m+2)Starting to open, the on-time is t1, i.e. after the time of tx1+ tx2+ t1, the low-side switch K of the m +2 stage circuitb(m+2)And is completely conducted. By analogy, from the low-side switch K of the first switch group of the undershoot generation circuitb(m+1)Starting to conduct to the low-side switch K of the v-th switch group of the negative pulse generating circuitb(m+v)Also starts to open and is fully on after time T1, the time taken for the rise time T of the negative pulsen1I.e. Tn1Tx1+ tx2+ … … + txv + t 1. Low-side switch K of 1,2, …, m of circuitb1，Kb2，…，KbmThe working level of the circuit is always high in the whole process, and the low-side switch K in the m + v +1, m + v +2, … and 2 m-stage circuits of the circuitb(m+v+1)，Kb(m+v+2)，…，Kb2mThe working level is always low in the whole process, namely the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is in a charging state and does not output positive pulses.
As shown in FIG. 7, the low-side switch K in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit can be used for generating the rising time of the negative pulseb(m+1)，Kb(m+2)，…，Kb2mAll are in the conducting state, and the conducting starting time interval distribution mode is uniform distribution. The high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit has m stages, and when t is equal to 0, the first stage of the negative pulse generating circuit, namely the low-side switch K of the (m + 1) th stage circuitb(m+1)Starting to open, the conduction time delay is t1, namely the low-side switch K of the m +1 stage circuit after t1 timeb(m+1)And is completely conducted. Low-side switch K of m +1 stage circuitb(m+1)After the time delay of tx after the start of opening, the low-end switch K of the m +2 stage circuitb(m+2)Starting to open for a conduction time t1, i.e. after a time tx + t1, the low-side switch K of the m +2 th stage circuitb(m+2)And is completely conducted. By analogy, from the low-side switch K of the first switch group of the undershoot generation circuitb(m+1)Starting to conduct to the low-side switch K of the m-th switch group of the negative pulse generating circuitb2mAlso starts to open and is fully on after time T1, the time taken for the rise time T of the negative pulsen1I.e. Tn1(m-1) tx + t 1. Low-side switch K of 1,2, …, m of circuitb1，Kb2，…，KbmIs always low in the whole process, namely the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is in a charging state and does not output positive pulses.
As shown in fig. 8, it is a timing diagram of the operation of each switch group corresponding to the falling edge where part of the switches in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit are in the off state and the off start time interval is non-uniformly distributed. Setting the falling edge of the positive pulse to Tp2(Tp2T1) in the control method shown in FIG. 3, only part (u-stage switch group, u ≦ m) of the m-stage positive pulse generating circuit is in working state for generating positive pulse, i.e. the control module will fall for time Tp2The high-side switch K of the first switch group is distributed to the u switch group modules through the time delay of tx1a1The high-side switch K of the first switch group starts to be disconnected, the turn-off time delay is t2, namely, the time of tx1+ t2 is elapseda1Completely switched off. High-side switch K of first switch groupa1After a time delay of tx2 after the start of the turn-off, the high-side switch K of the second switch groupa2The high-side switch K of the second switch group starts to be switched off, the switching-off time is t2, namely after the time of tx1+ tx2+ t2a2Completely switched off. By analogy, from the high-side switch K of the first switch groupa1Starting to turn off the high-side switch K of the u-th switch groupauAlso starts to turn off and completely turns off after time T2, the time taken for the falling edge T of the positive pulsep2I.e. Tp2Tx1+ tx2+ … … + txu + t 2. High end of the u +1, u +2, …, m-th stage of the circuitSwitch Ka(u+1)，Ka(u+2)，…，KamIs always zero level in the whole process, and the m +1, m +2, … of the circuit and the high-end switch K in the 2 m-th stage circuita(m+1)，Ka(m+2)，…，Ka2mAt time t-0, the conduction is started, that is, the negative pulse generating circuit is in a charging state, and no negative pulse is output.
As shown in fig. 9, the fall time of the high voltage positive pulse is adjusted in such a manner that all high-side switches in the high voltage positive pulse generating circuit are in an off state, and the off start time interval is uniformly distributed to each switch. As shown in fig. 8, when t is 0, the high-side switch K of the first switch groupa1Starting to turn off, and after a time delay tx, the high-side switch K of the second switch groupa2Starting to turn off, and then passing through a time delay tx and a high-end switch K of a third switch groupa3And starting to turn off, and repeating the steps, wherein after the time t is (m-1) × tx + t2, all high-end switches in all solid switch group modules in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit are turned off. If (m-1) × tx + T2 ═ T is satisfiedp2(wherein T isp2≥t1) The set positive pulse fall time can be achieved. High-end switch K in m +1, m +2, …, 2m stage circuita(m+1)，Ka(m+2)，…，Ka2mWhen t is 0, the negative pulse generating circuits are all in a charged state, and no negative pulse is output.
As shown in FIG. 10, the falling time of the high voltage negative pulse is adjusted by the low-side switch K of the high voltage negative pulse generating circuitb(m+1)，Kb(m+2)，…，Kb2mIs in an off state, and an off start time interval is non-uniformly distributed to each switch. As shown in FIG. 9, the falling edge of the negative pulse is set to Tn2Only part (v-stage switch group, v is less than or equal to m) of the m-stage negative pulse generating circuit is in a working state, and the control module delays the falling edge of the negative pulse by Tn2The low-side switch K of the first stage of the negative pulse generating circuit, i.e. the (m + 1) th stage circuit, is distributed to the v switch groups and is delayed by tx1b(m+1)Starting to turn off, the turn-off time is t2, namely the m +2 stage circuit after the time of tx1+ t2Low-side switch Kb(m+1)Completely switched off. Low-side switch K of m +1 stage circuitb(m+1)After the time delay of tx2 after the start of the turn-off, the low-side switch K of the m +2 stage circuitb(m+2)Starting to turn off, the turn-off time is t2, namely the low-side switch K of the m +2 stage circuit after the time of tx1+ tx2+ t2b(m+2)Completely switched off. By analogy, from the low-side switch K of the first switch group of the undershoot generation circuitb(m+1)Starting to turn off the low-side switch K of the v-th switch group of the negative pulse generating circuitb(m+v)Also starts to turn off and completely turns off after time T2, the time taken for the falling edge T of the negative pulsen2I.e. Tn2Tx1+ tx2+ … … + txv + t 2. Low-side switch K of m + v +1, m + v +2, …, 2m of circuitb(v+1)，Kb(v+2)，…，Kb2mIs always zero level in the whole process, 1 st, 2 nd, … th stage of the circuit, and the low-side switch K in the m-stage circuitb1，Kb2，…，KbmAt time t equal to 0, the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit starts to be turned on, that is, the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is in a charging state, and no positive pulse is output.
As shown in FIG. 11, the falling time of the HV undershoot is adjusted by adjusting all the low-side switches K in the HV undershoot generation circuitb(m+1)，Kb(m+2)，…，Kb2mIn an off state and an off start time interval is evenly distributed to each switch. As shown in fig. 10, when t is 0, the low-side switch K of the first switch groupb1Starting to turn off, after a time delay tx, the low-side switch K of the second switch groupb2Starting to turn off, and then delaying tx to turn on the low-end switch K of the third switch groupb3And starting to turn off, and repeating the steps, wherein after the time t is (m-1) × tx + t2, all the low-end switches in all the solid switch group modules in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit are turned off. If (m-1) × tx + T2 ═ T is satisfiedn2(wherein T isn2≥t1) The set negative pulse fall time can be achieved. Low-side switch K in stage 1,2, …, m of the circuitb1，Kb2，…，KbmAt time t equal to 0, the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is started to be conducted, i.e. the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit is in a charging stateState, no positive pulse is output.
The voltage amplitude adjustment of the high-voltage positive pulse is a process of voltage distribution for m high-voltage positive pulse modules according to the voltage parameters of the input high-voltage positive pulse, and the voltage distribution mode for each stage of circuit can be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed. The m high-voltage positive pulse modules (i.e. the 1 st, 2 nd, … th stages of the bipolar pulse circuit) are connected together in a suspension cascade mode, the output voltages of the switch groups of each stage are superposed, and finally, a positive pulse with the required voltage amplitude is generated at the output end. The process of reaching a certain voltage amplitude corresponds to the generation process of the rising edge and the falling edge, and the high-end switches in the m switch groups can be all in a conducting state or only part of the high-end switches can be in a conducting state; and the voltage amplitude generated by each switch group can be the same or different. The amplitude of the pulse voltage generated by each switch group can be continuously adjusted within an allowable working voltage range, and the high-voltage pulse generated at the output end after superposition is also continuously adjustable within a certain range. Taking the working state of all switch groups in the high-voltage positive pulse module as an example, assuming that the amplitude of the set high-voltage positive pulse is VH, the control method of the control module is as follows: if the voltage is in a non-uniform distribution mode, the first switch group is controlled to generate the voltage U1, the second switch group is controlled to generate the voltages U2, …, and the mth switch group is controlled to generate the voltage Um, the final output voltage is U1+ U2+ … + Um which is VH. If the voltage is distributed uniformly, the first switch group is controlled to generate the voltage U, the second switch group also generates the voltage U, …, and the mth switch group also generates the voltage U, then the final output voltage is m × U — VH.
The voltage amplitude adjustment of the high-voltage negative pulse is a process of voltage distribution for m high-voltage negative pulse modules according to the voltage parameters of the input high-voltage negative pulse, and the voltage distribution mode for each stage of circuit can be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed. The m high-voltage negative pulse modules (namely the (m + 1) (+ 2) (+), …) ("2 m" stages of the bipolar pulse circuit) are connected together in a suspension cascade mode, the output voltages of the switch groups of each stage are superposed, and finally, a negative pulse with a required voltage amplitude is generated at the output end. The process of reaching a certain voltage amplitude corresponds to the generation process of the rising edge and the falling edge of the negative pulse, and the low-end switches in the m switch groups of the negative pulse generation circuit can be all in a conducting state or only part of the low-end switches can be in a conducting state; and the voltage amplitude generated by each switch group can be the same or different. The amplitude of the pulse voltage generated by each switch group can be continuously adjusted within an allowable working voltage range, and the high-voltage negative pulse generated at the output end after superposition is also continuously adjustable within a certain range. Taking the example that all switch groups in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit are in a working state, assuming that the amplitude of the set high-voltage negative pulse is VL, the control method of the control module is as follows: if the voltage is in a non-uniform distribution mode, the first switch group in the high-voltage negative pulse module is controlled to generate the voltage-U1, the second switch group is controlled to generate the voltages-U2 and …, and the mth switch group is controlled to generate the voltage-Um, so that the final output voltage is (-U1) + (-U2) + … + (-Um) (-VL. If the voltage is distributed uniformly, the first switch group is controlled to generate the voltage-U, the second switch group also generates the voltage-U, …, and the mth switch group also generates the voltage-U, then the final output voltage is m (-U) — VL.
The width parameter of the high-voltage positive pulse is realized by controlling the conduction duration of a switch in the high-voltage positive pulse module. When the rising edge process is finished and the voltage of the high-voltage positive pulse is stable, the high-end switch in the working state is in a complete conduction state. If u high-end switches are in working state, the time when the u switches are completely conducted is Tp1Setting the positive pulse width parameter of the output pulse to t 1+ tx2+ … + txu + t1p0If the first switch that is turned on is also turned off, the high-side switch in the first switch group should start to turn off at the time Tp1+tp0+ tx1, the high side switch in the second switch group should start to turn off at time Tp1+tp0+ tx1+ tx2 (assuming the same switch bank SW)iThe on-delay and off-delay assigned at both the rising and falling edges is txi), and so on, the pulse waveform exhibits a falling edge. The resulting positive pulse thus has a phaseCorresponding pulse width tp0And the pulse width is continuously adjustable in the process.
The width parameter of the high-voltage negative pulse is realized by controlling the duration of the switch conduction in the high-voltage negative pulse module. When the rising edge process of the negative pulse is finished and the voltage of the high-voltage negative pulse is stable, the low-end switches of the switch group in the working state are all in a completely conducting state. If v low-side switches in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit are in working states, the time when the v low-side switches are completely conducted is Tn1Setting the negative pulse width parameter of the output pulse to t 1+ tx2+ … + txv + t1n0Assuming that the first switch that is turned on is also turned off, the first low-side switch should start to turn off at a time Tn1+tn0+ tx1, the time when the second low-side switch starts to turn off should be Tn1+tn0+ tx1+ tx2 (assuming switch bank SWiThe on-delay and off-delay assigned at both the rising and falling edges is txi), and so on, the negative pulse waveform exhibits a falling edge. The resulting negative pulse thus has a corresponding pulse width tn0And the pulse width is continuously adjustable in the process.
The bipolar high-voltage pulse frequency parameter is regulated and controlled by regulating the frequency of a control signal generated by the control module. The parameter input module inputs the frequency f of the bipolar pulse, and the control module generates a periodic control signal with the frequency f according to the received parameter information to control the periodic on-off of the switch in the solid switch group module. Each on-off process of the switch group in the high-voltage positive pulse module generates a high-voltage positive pulse, each on-off process of the switch group in the high-voltage negative pulse module generates a high-voltage negative pulse, and the on-information and the off-information of each control signal in one period are fixed, so that the bipolar high-voltage pulse can be periodically output at the output end. The output bipolar pulse signal and the control signal have the same frequency f, the requirement of the set frequency parameter is met, and the output frequency is continuously adjustable within an intentional range.
To double polarityThe regulation and control of the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period of the high-voltage pulse are controlled by controlling the time interval between the end time of the falling edge of the high-voltage positive pulse and the start time of the rising edge of the high-voltage negative pulse in one period through a control module. When all high-end switches of the high-voltage positive pulse modules are turned off and the falling edge of the high-voltage positive pulse module is ended, the high-voltage negative pulse module does not start to work, at the moment, the output of the last stage of the circuit is at zero level, and the time interval between the high-voltage positive pulse and the high-voltage negative pulse in a set period is assumed to be tgIf the time for the last switch of the high-voltage positive pulse module to be completely turned off is tc, the time for the first low-side switch of the high-voltage negative pulse module to start to be turned on should be tg+ tc + tx1, the high voltage negative pulse modules in the following circuits turn on in turn according to the negative pulse rising edge delay distribution.
In practical requirements, the number of pulses required is sometimes limited, and therefore a certain number of bipolar high voltage pulses are required. When a specific pulse number is input into the parameter input module, a counter in the control module counts the sent control signal, when the switch group module completes the conduction and the disconnection of a period to generate a positive pulse and a negative pulse, the counter is added with 1, the solid switch group module continuously completes the conduction and the disconnection under the control of the periodic control signal to generate a periodic bipolar high-voltage pulse, and the counting is sequentially increased. And after the set pulse number is reached, the control signal controls the output end not to output high-voltage pulses any more, and finally the bipolar high-voltage pulses with limited number are obtained. If the number of output pulses is not required, high voltage pulses are generated continuously at a fixed frequency during operation. The pulse number parameter is continuously adjustable over a range of values beyond which the pulse number can be considered approximately infinite.
The control method provided by the invention can control the bipolar high-voltage pulse generating circuits with different structures, for example, the structure of the bipolar high-voltage pulse circuit can be that the front part is composed of a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, and the rear part is composed of a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit; the front part can be composed of a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, and the rear part can be composed of a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit. But also any interleaved cascade of high-voltage positive pulse generating circuits and high-voltage negative pulse generating circuits.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The control method of the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply is characterized in that a control system of the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply is adopted, the control system comprises a high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and a high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit which are connected in series, wherein the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit consists of a series of high-voltage positive pulse modules, the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit consists of a series of high-voltage negative pulse modules, the high-voltage positive pulse modules comprise a positive pulse control module, a positive pulse switch module and a positive pulse energy storage module, and the positive pulse control module determines the charge or discharge of the positive pulse energy storage module by controlling the conduction or the disconnection of each switch in the positive pulse switch module; the high-voltage negative pulse module comprises a negative pulse control module, a negative pulse switch module and a negative pulse energy storage module, wherein the negative pulse control module determines the charge or discharge of the negative pulse energy storage module by controlling the on or off of each switch in the negative pulse switch module; the device for generating the bipolar high-voltage pulse further comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply module which is used for providing high-voltage direct-current input for the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module, the high-voltage direct-current power supply module is mutually isolated from the positive pulse energy storage module and the negative pulse energy storage module, a low-voltage direct-current power supply module which is used for providing working voltage for the positive pulse control module, the negative pulse control module, the positive pulse switch module, the negative pulse switch module and the high-voltage direct-current power supply module, and a parameter input module which is connected with the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module and is used for adjusting parameters of the bipolar high-voltage pulse;
the control method comprises the following steps: one duty cycle for generating bipolar pulses includes four phases, respectively: firstly, a high-voltage positive pulse module and a high-voltage negative pulse module are both in a charging state, and a circuit outputs a zero level; the high-voltage positive pulse module is in a discharging state, the high-voltage negative pulse module is in a charging state, and the circuit outputs high-voltage positive pulses; the high-voltage positive pulse module and the high-voltage negative pulse module are both in a charging state, and the circuit outputs zero level; fourthly, the high-voltage negative pulse module is in a discharging state, the high-voltage positive pulse module is in a charging state, and the circuit outputs high-voltage negative pulses; the four stages can be combined randomly, but the stage (i) and the stage (ii) must be at least separated, the time between the stage (i) and the stage (ii) is controlled, namely the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period can be adjusted;
the parameters of the bipolar high-voltage pulse comprise the frequency of the bipolar high-voltage pulse, the width of the positive/negative pulse, the time interval between the positive pulse and the negative pulse in one period, the rising time and the falling time of the positive/negative pulse, the voltage amplitude of the positive/negative pulse and the output pulse number, and the parameters of the bipolar high-voltage pulse can be continuously adjusted;
the method for adjusting the rising time and the falling time of the positive pulse comprises the following steps: the positive pulse control module generates a specific positive pulse control signal according to the rising time and falling time parameters of a positive pulse input by the parameter input module, and the positive pulse control module of the h-level high-voltage positive pulse generation circuit distributes different on-off starting time, duration and ending time to h switch groups, wherein h is 1,2, 3, 4, …, 2m-1, and h switch groups are sequentially switched on or off according to a certain time sequence to obtain positive pulses with different rising time and falling time;
the method for adjusting the rising time and the falling time of the negative pulse comprises the following specific steps: the negative pulse control module generates a specific negative pulse control signal according to the rising time and the falling time parameters of the negative pulse input by the parameter input module, and the negative pulse control module of the j-stage high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit distributes different on-off starting time, duration and ending time to the j switch groups, wherein j is 1,2, 3, 4, … and 2m-1, h + j is 2m, and the j switch groups are sequentially switched on or off according to a certain time sequence to obtain the negative pulse with different rising time and falling time.
2. The method for controlling a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply according to claim 1, wherein the method for adjusting the voltage amplitude of the positive pulse comprises: when a high-voltage direct-current power supply is externally added, the positive pulse control module generates a specific control signal according to the voltage amplitude of the positive pulse input by the parameter input module, and controls the high-voltage direct-current power supply module to output a certain voltage to reach the voltage amplitude required by the positive pulse;
the method for adjusting the voltage amplitude of the negative pulse specifically comprises the following steps: when a high-voltage direct-current power supply is externally added, the negative pulse control module generates a specific control signal according to the voltage amplitude of the negative pulse input by the parameter input module, and controls the high-voltage direct-current power supply module to output a certain voltage to achieve the voltage amplitude required by the negative pulse.
3. The control method of the bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the bipolar high-voltage pulse is adjusted by: the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module generate control signals with different frequencies according to the bipolar pulse frequency input by the parameter input module, and respectively control the switch groups in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to enable the bipolar high-voltage pulse to be continuously generated according to a specific frequency.
4. The method for controlling a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply according to claim 1, wherein the method for adjusting the positive pulse width comprises: in the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit, after all working switch groups are completely switched on, the same switching-on time is maintained, and then the switch-off is started according to a certain sequence, so that the high-voltage positive pulse has the required pulse width;
the method for adjusting the negative pulse width comprises the following steps: in the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit, after all working switch groups are completely switched on, the same on-time is maintained, and then the switch groups are switched off according to a certain sequence, so that the high-voltage negative pulse has the required pulse width.
5. The method for controlling a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply according to claim 1, wherein the method for adjusting the number of output pulses comprises: if the parameter input module is provided with the determined pulse number, when the counters in the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module count the target pulse number, the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module respectively control the high-voltage positive pulse generating circuit and the high-voltage negative pulse generating circuit to stop generating pulses, so that the required pulse number is output; if the parameter input module does not set the pulse number or the set pulse number exceeds the allowable range, the circuit outputs infinite pulses.
6. The control method of the bipolar high voltage pulse power supply according to claim 1, wherein the positive pulse width, the rising time and the falling time of the positive pulse, and the voltage amplitude of the positive pulse are adjusted by the positive pulse control module changing the operating state of the switch in the positive pulse switch module; the negative pulse width, the rising time and the falling time of the negative pulse and the voltage amplitude of the negative pulse are adjusted by changing the working state of a switch in the negative pulse switch module through the negative pulse control module.
7. The method for controlling a bipolar high-voltage pulse power supply according to claim 1, wherein the positive pulse control module and the negative pulse control module are field programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, complex programmable logic devices, single-chip microcomputers, digital signal processing chips, ARM processors, or computers.
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