Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a communication base station and a base station antenna thereof capable of effectively improving the convergence of the half power beam width, aiming at the problem of poor convergence of the half power beam width of the existing base station antenna.
A base station antenna, comprising:
the reflecting plate comprises a bottom plate and side plates extending along the edge of the bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a bearing surface, the side plates are bent towards one side of the bearing surface relative to the bottom plate, and a plurality of strip-shaped through holes are formed in the side plates along the extending direction of the side plates at intervals;
the plurality of radiation units are arranged on the bearing surface at intervals along the extending direction of the side plate, and the positions of the plurality of radiation units and the plurality of strip-shaped through holes are in one-to-one correspondence; and
The current limiting plate is arranged on one side of the side plate, which is opposite to the bottom plate, and is coupled with the reflecting plate, the longitudinal direction of the current limiting plate is consistent with the extending direction of the side plate, and the width direction of the current limiting plate extends towards the direction opposite to the side plate.
In one embodiment, the bottom plate and the side plates are rectangular plate structures, the number of the side plates is two, the two side plates are arranged on two opposite sides of the bottom plate and perpendicular to the bearing surface, and the plurality of radiation units are arranged at intervals along the axis of the bottom plate.
In one embodiment, the length of the strip-shaped through hole is 0.5λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to a frequency point with the largest horizontal plane beam width in the base station antenna working band.
In one embodiment, the bar-shaped through holes are rectangular holes, and the width of the bar-shaped through holes is 2 mm to 5 mm.
In one embodiment, the plurality of bar-shaped through holes overlap with a horizontal center axis of the side plate.
In one embodiment, the flow limiting plate is provided with a strip-shaped flow limiting groove, the flow limiting groove is arranged along the extending direction of the flow limiting plate, and the opening direction of the flow limiting groove is the same as the direction of the bearing surface.
In one embodiment, the flow limiting plate is formed by vertically bending a plate body, and a plurality of flow limiting grooves with rectangular groove structures are formed.
In one embodiment, the flow limiting plate is formed by bending a plate body, and a plurality of flow limiting grooves with V-shaped groove structures are formed.
In one embodiment, the restrictor plate is integrally formed with the reflector plate.
A base station antenna comprising the base station antenna of any of the above preferred embodiments and a signal transceiver communicatively coupled to the base station antenna.
According to the communication base station and the base station antenna thereof, part of electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiating unit can pass through the strip-shaped through holes on the side plates and generate radiation current, so that new electromagnetic waves are generated. At this time, each of the bar-shaped through holes corresponds to one half-wave vibrator. Therefore, the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the plurality of strip-shaped through holes may be superimposed with the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiation unit in space, thereby playing a role in narrowing the bandwidth. In addition, the current limiting plate can reflect electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves are restrained from radiating towards the direction back to the bearing surface, and the front-to-back ratio is prevented from being reduced. It can be seen that the above communication base station and base station antenna effectively improve the convergence of the horizontal plane half power beam width.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a communication base station and a base station antenna. The communication base station comprises the base station antenna and a signal transceiver in communication connection with the base station antenna. The signal transceiver is used for converting the electric signal into an electromagnetic wave signal, and the electromagnetic wave signal can be transmitted to the base station antenna and radiated to space by the base station antenna. Furthermore, the signal transceiver can also convert electromagnetic wave signals received by the base station antenna into electrical signals.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a base station antenna 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a reflection plate 110, a radiation unit 120, and a current limiting plate 130.
The reflection plate 110 mainly serves to reflect and enhance electromagnetic wave signals, and is generally a metal plate structure. The reflection plate 110 may have a long bar shape, a circular shape, or a rectangular shape. Further, the reflection plate 110 includes a bottom plate 111 and a side plate 113. The side plates 113 may be integrally formed with the bottom plate 111, or may be fixed by welding or the like. The bottom plate 111 has a bearing surface 1112, and the side plate 113 extends along an edge of the bottom plate 111 and is bent toward the bearing surface 1112 side with respect to the bottom plate 111. Specifically, the side plate 113 may be perpendicular to the carrying surface 1112, or may be inclined with respect to the carrying surface 1112.
In addition, the side plate 113 is provided with a plurality of bar-shaped through holes 1132 arranged at intervals along the extending direction thereof. Specifically, the bar-shaped through holes 1132 may be rectangular holes, elliptical holes, or the like. The dimension of the bar-shaped through hole 1132 in the extending direction of the side plate 113 is the length of the bar-shaped through hole 1132, and the dimension of the bar-shaped through hole 1132 in the extending direction perpendicular to the side plate 113 is the width of the bar-shaped through hole 1132.
The radiation unit 120 is used for receiving and radiating electromagnetic waves, and may be specifically formed of dipoles with orthogonal polarizations. The plurality of radiation units 120 is provided, and the plurality of radiation units 120 are mounted on the carrying surface 1112. Therefore, when the radiation unit 120 radiates electromagnetic wave signals to the space, the bottom plate 111 and the side plates 113 can reflect the electromagnetic wave signals, so that the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave signals is more concentrated and the directivity is better, thereby being beneficial to improving the front-to-back ratio of the base station antenna 100.
Further, the plurality of radiation units 120 are disposed at intervals along the extending direction of the side plate 113, and the plurality of radiation units 120 are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the plurality of strip-shaped through holes 1132.
Specifically, when the side plate 113 has a strip structure, the plurality of radiation units 120 are arranged at intervals along a straight line; when the side plate 113 has an arc structure, the plurality of radiation units 120 are arranged at intervals along the arc. Also, the radiation unit 120 corresponds to the position of the bar-shaped through hole 1132, meaning that a portion of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted from the radiation unit 120 may pass through the bar-shaped through hole 1132.
After the electromagnetic wave signal passes through the strip-shaped through hole 1132, radiation current is generated at the edge of the strip-shaped through hole 1132, and then secondary electromagnetic oscillation is generated, so that a new electromagnetic wave signal is sent out. At this time, each of the bar-shaped through holes 1132 corresponds to one half-wave vibrator. Therefore, the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted from the plurality of bar-shaped through holes 1132 may be spatially superimposed with the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted from the radiation unit 120, thereby playing a role in narrowing the bandwidth and further improving the convergence of the horizontal plane half-power beam width.
In the present embodiment, the bottom plate 111 and the side plates 113 are both rectangular plate structures, the number of the side plates 113 is two, and the two side plates 113 are disposed on two opposite sides of the bottom plate 113 and perpendicular to the carrying surface 1112.
At this time, the reflection plate 110 has an axisymmetric structure. Also, a plurality of radiation units 120 are disposed along the axis of the bottom plate 113. Therefore, the radiation unit 120 is spaced the same distance from both side boundaries of the reflection plate 110, and the width difference between the left and right boundaries is small, i.e., the symmetry is better. After the symmetry is improved, the radiation patterns of the plurality of radiation units 120 are more symmetrical, the front-to-back ratio is better, and the convergence of the half-power beam width can be further improved.
It should be noted that the above is only one preferred embodiment of the reflecting plate 110. In other embodiments, the reflective plate 110 may not be limited to the above-described structure. For example, the bottom plate 111 may have a disk shape, and the side plates 113 are disposed around the circumference of the bottom plate 111. Also, the plurality of radiation units 120 may be circumferentially arranged along the side plate 113.
In the present embodiment, the length of the bar-shaped through hole 1132 is 0.5λ. Where λ is a wavelength corresponding to a frequency point in the operating band of the base station antenna 100 where the horizontal plane beam width is farthest from the center value.
Specifically, the base station antennas 100 each have their fixed operating frequency band. For example, a common low frequency antenna operates at 806MHz-960MHz, and a high frequency antenna operates at 1710MHz-2170MHz. Within the radiation pattern, there will be a difference in the horizontal plane beam width for each frequency point. The farther the beam width deviates from the center value, the worse the beam width convergence of the electromagnetic wave signal corresponding to the frequency point is indicated. That is, λ is the corresponding frequency point wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal with the worst horizontal plane beam width convergence in the base station antenna 100. When the electromagnetic wave passes through the strip hole 1132 with the length of 0.5λ, a current similar to a half-wave oscillator is excited at the periphery of the strip hole, so that the strip hole 1132 can be equivalently a half-wave oscillator, and the electromagnetic wave generated by the strip hole 1132 and the electromagnetic wave generated by the base station antenna are mutually overlapped, so that the effect of improving the convergence of the horizontal plane beam width is achieved.
In the present embodiment, the bar-shaped through holes 1132 are rectangular holes, and the width of the bar-shaped through holes 1132 is 2 to 5 millimeters.
At this time, the electromagnetic wave signal having better partial convergence may be prevented from passing through the bar-shaped through hole 1132, while the electromagnetic wave signal having poorer partial convergence may easily pass through the bar-shaped through hole 1132. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave signal having poor convergence can be effectively separated and reused, thereby being advantageous to further improve the convergence of the horizontal plane beam width.
Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of bar-shaped through holes 1132 overlap with the horizontal central axis of the side plate 113.
At this time, the bar-shaped through holes 1132 have the same distance from both side boundaries of the side plates and have better symmetry. Also, since the bar-shaped through holes 1132 correspond to half-wave vibrators, which function similarly to the radiation unit 120, the side plates 113 can be regarded as reflection plates of the above-described half-wave vibrators, and can be used to reflect electromagnetic wave signals emitted from the bar-shaped through holes 1132. Therefore, after the symmetry is improved, the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted from the plurality of stripe-shaped through holes 1132 is more symmetrical and better front-to-back than the symmetry, so that the convergence of the half power beam width of the base station antenna 100 can be further improved.
It should be noted that in other embodiments, the length and width of the through-hole 1132 may vary within a small range, or the through-hole 1132 may deviate to some extent from the axis of the side plate 113 without substantially affecting the convergence of the half-power beam width of the base station antenna 100.
Referring to fig. 3, the material and function of the current-limiting plate 130 are similar to those of the reflection plate 110, so as to reflect electromagnetic wave signals. The flow limiting plate 130 is disposed on a side of the side plate 113 facing away from the bottom plate 111, and the longitudinal direction of the flow limiting plate 130 is consistent with the extending direction of the side plate 113, and the width direction extends toward the direction facing away from the side plate 113. Accordingly, the current limiting plate 130 serves to reflect electromagnetic wave signals emitted from the bar-shaped through holes 1132. In particular, in the present embodiment, the flow-limiting plate 130 has a strip shape and two flow-limiting plates. The two flow limiting plates 130 are respectively disposed on one side of the two side plates 113 facing away from the bottom plate 111, and extend along the length direction of the side plates 113.
In addition, the current limiting plate 130 is coupled with the reflection plate 110. Specifically, the current limiting plate 130 and the reflective plate 110 may be electrically coupled through an electrical connection, or may be coupled through an intermediate insulating connection. In particular, in the present embodiment, the current limiting plate 130 is integrally formed with the reflective plate 110.
The integrally formed structure can make the connection between the current limiting plate 130 and the reflecting plate 110 stronger, and improve the stability of the structure of the base station antenna 100. On the other hand, the flow limiting plate 130 and the reflection plate 110 can be stably coupled by the integrally formed arrangement.
When the base station antenna 100 is operated, electromagnetic wave signals emitted from the strip-shaped through holes 1132 radiate from the surface of the side plate 113 to the space. The current limiting plate 130 can reflect electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves can be suppressed from radiating toward the back of the base station antenna 100 (in a direction away from the carrying surface 1112), and the front-to-back ratio of the base station antenna 100 can be prevented from being reduced. It can be seen that the base station antenna 100 does not adversely affect other performance parameters while improving horizontal plane half power beamwidth convergence.
Comparing the simulation results shown in fig. 6 and 7, it can be seen that: the convergence of the horizontal plane half power beam width of the improved base station antenna 100 is effectively improved.
In the present embodiment, the flow-limiting plate 130 has a strip-shaped flow-limiting groove 131, the flow-limiting groove 131 is disposed along the extending direction of the flow-limiting plate 130, and the opening direction of the flow-limiting groove 131 is the same as the orientation of the bearing surface 1112.
Specifically, the number of the flow-limiting grooves 131 may be plural, and the plural flow-limiting grooves 131 are arranged in parallel. By providing the flow restricting groove 131, the surface area of the flow restricting plate 130 can be effectively increased. Accordingly, the reflective area of the current-limiting plate 130 for electromagnetic wave signals increases. Therefore, the current limiting plate 130 has a better reflection effect on the electromagnetic wave signal, and can preferably prevent the front-to-back ratio of the base station antenna 100 from being reduced.
Further, in the present embodiment, the flow-limiting plate 130 is formed by vertically bending a plate body, and a plurality of flow-limiting grooves 131 having a rectangular groove structure are formed. Specifically, the number of the flow-limiting grooves 131 is two, and the flow-limiting grooves can be formed by bending a plate body with a flat plate structure for 6 times. At this time, the flow-limiting plate 130 has a cross section of a "convex" shape.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5 together, in a further embodiment, the flow-limiting plate 130 is formed by bending a plate body, and a plurality of flow-limiting grooves 131 with V-shaped groove structures are formed. Specifically, the number of the flow restricting grooves 131 is two. At this time, the flow restriction plate 130 has a W-shaped cross section.
It should be noted that the above only shows two specific implementations of the flow restriction 131. In other embodiments, the flow limiting groove 131 may also have a structure of a special-shaped groove, a U-shaped groove, or the like. Further, the reflection area may be increased by providing protrusions or depressions on the surface of the flow restricting plate 130, not limited to the formation of the flow restricting grooves 131.
In the above-mentioned communication base station and the base station antenna 100 thereof, a part of electromagnetic waves emitted from the radiation unit 120 can pass through the strip-shaped through holes 1132 on the side plate 113 and generate radiation current, thereby generating new electromagnetic waves. At this time, each of the bar-shaped through holes 1132 corresponds to one half-wave vibrator. Accordingly, the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the plurality of bar-shaped through holes 1132 may be spatially superimposed with the radiation pattern of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the radiation unit 120, thereby playing a role in narrowing the bandwidth. Further, the current limiting plate 130 can reflect electromagnetic waves, thereby suppressing the electromagnetic waves from radiating in a direction opposite to the bearing surface 1112, preventing the front-to-back ratio from being lowered. As can be seen, the above-described communication base station and the base station antenna 100 effectively improve the convergence of the horizontal plane half power beam width.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.